This paper presents Direct Torque Control (DTC) using Space Vector Modulation (SVM) for an induction motor drive fed from a photovoltaic multilevel inverter (PV-MLI). The system consists of two main parts PV DC power supply (PVDC) and MLI. The PVDC is used to generate DC isolated sources with certain ratios suitable for the adopted MLI. Beside the hardware system, the control system which uses the torque and speed estimation to control the load angle and to obtain the appropriate flux vector trajectory from which the voltage vector is directly derived based on direct torque control methods. The voltage vector is then generated by a hybrid multilevel inverter by employing space vector modulation (SVM). The inverter high quality output voltage which leads to a high quality IM performances. Besides, the MLI switching losses is very low due to most of the power cell switches are operating at nearly fundamental frequency. Some selected simulation results are presented for system validation.
Simulation Of A 4-Switch,3-Phase Inverter Fed Induction Motor (IM) Drive Systemijiert bestjournal
This paper investigates the performance of a 4 - switch,3 - phase inverter (4S3P) fed cost effective induction motor (IM)drive system for high performance industrial drive systems. In the proposed approach,instead of a conventional 6 - switch,3 - phase inverter (6S3P) a 4 - switch,3 - phase inverter is utilized. This reduces the cost of the inverter,the switching losses,and the complexity of the control algorithms and interface circuits to generate 6PWM logic signals. The Simulation results of the proposed 4S3P inverter fed drive is also made in terms of speed response &total harmonic distortion (THD) in terms of stator current and inverter current. The proposed inverter fed IM drive is fou nd acceptable considering its cost reduction and other advantageous features. A general space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) method for control of four - switch three - phase inverters is presented.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Control of inverters to support bidirectional power flow in grid connected sy...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
This paper presents combinations of level shifted pulse-width modulation algorithm with conventional discontinuous pulse-width modulation methods for cascaded multilevel inverters. In the proposed DPWM a zero sequence signal is injected in sinusoidal reference signal to generate various modulators with easier implementation. The analysis four various control strategies namely Common Carrier (CC), Inverted Carrier (IC), Phase Shifted (PS) and Inverted Phase Shift (IPS) for cascaded multilevel inverter fed induction motor drive has been illustrated. To validate the proposed work experimental tests has been carried out using dSPACE controller. Experimental study proves that using proposed algorithms reduction in common-mode voltage with fewer harmonics along with reduced switching loss for a cascaded multilevel inverter fed motor drive has been achieved.
The work presented in this paper is devoted to the control of a photovoltaic system connected to grid by a three level diode clamed inverter. A control structure based on three parts: dc link voltage control, power injected control and current control is proposed. In this work, the random PWM strategy is used to generate control signals for the multilevel inverter used us an interface to connect photovoltaic generators to the grid. Numerical simulations are performed using MATLAB / Simulink software, the simulation results for the proposed system indicate the performances of the proposed control structure, minimization of harmonics by the random PWM strategy applied and injection to the grid more active power by the multilevel inverter structure.
Simulation Of A 4-Switch,3-Phase Inverter Fed Induction Motor (IM) Drive Systemijiert bestjournal
This paper investigates the performance of a 4 - switch,3 - phase inverter (4S3P) fed cost effective induction motor (IM)drive system for high performance industrial drive systems. In the proposed approach,instead of a conventional 6 - switch,3 - phase inverter (6S3P) a 4 - switch,3 - phase inverter is utilized. This reduces the cost of the inverter,the switching losses,and the complexity of the control algorithms and interface circuits to generate 6PWM logic signals. The Simulation results of the proposed 4S3P inverter fed drive is also made in terms of speed response &total harmonic distortion (THD) in terms of stator current and inverter current. The proposed inverter fed IM drive is fou nd acceptable considering its cost reduction and other advantageous features. A general space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) method for control of four - switch three - phase inverters is presented.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Control of inverters to support bidirectional power flow in grid connected sy...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
This paper presents combinations of level shifted pulse-width modulation algorithm with conventional discontinuous pulse-width modulation methods for cascaded multilevel inverters. In the proposed DPWM a zero sequence signal is injected in sinusoidal reference signal to generate various modulators with easier implementation. The analysis four various control strategies namely Common Carrier (CC), Inverted Carrier (IC), Phase Shifted (PS) and Inverted Phase Shift (IPS) for cascaded multilevel inverter fed induction motor drive has been illustrated. To validate the proposed work experimental tests has been carried out using dSPACE controller. Experimental study proves that using proposed algorithms reduction in common-mode voltage with fewer harmonics along with reduced switching loss for a cascaded multilevel inverter fed motor drive has been achieved.
The work presented in this paper is devoted to the control of a photovoltaic system connected to grid by a three level diode clamed inverter. A control structure based on three parts: dc link voltage control, power injected control and current control is proposed. In this work, the random PWM strategy is used to generate control signals for the multilevel inverter used us an interface to connect photovoltaic generators to the grid. Numerical simulations are performed using MATLAB / Simulink software, the simulation results for the proposed system indicate the performances of the proposed control structure, minimization of harmonics by the random PWM strategy applied and injection to the grid more active power by the multilevel inverter structure.
An Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Distributed Power Flow Controller (DPFC) in...IAES-IJPEDS
A well-prepared abstract enables the reader to identify the basic content of a document quickly and accurately, to determine its relevance to their interests, and thus to decide whether to read the document in its entirety. The Abstract should be informative and completely self-explanatory, provide a clear statement of the problem, the proposed approach or solution, and point out major findings and conclusions. The Abstract should be 100 to 200 words in length. The abstract should be written in the past tense. Standard nomenclature should be used and abbreviations should be avoided. No literature should be cited. The keyword list provides the opportunity to add keywords, used by the indexing and abstracting services, in addition to those already present in the title. Judicious use of keywords may increase the ease with which interested parties can locate our article.
Electrical Discharge Machining Flyback Converter using UC3842 Current Mode PW...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper presents a current mode Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controlled Flyback converter using UC3842 for Electrical Discharge Machining current generator control circuit. Circuit simplicity and high efficiency can be achieved by a Flyback converter with current mode PWM controller. The behaviors of the system's operation is analyzed and discussed by varying the load resistance. Matlab sofware is used to simulate the Flyback converter where a prototype has been built and tested to verify its performance.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Design and Simulation Analysis of Sliding Mode Controller for DC-DC Cuk Conve...IJMREMJournal
Due to compact size and fast dynamic response DC-DC converters are used to a great extent. DC-DC Cuk
converter has switching transients which leads to switching losses and harmonics generation. With a linear
controller like Proportional integral derivative (PID), the transients and oscillations under supply and load
variations cannot be controlled. So, it becomes necessary to use a nonlinear controller to make transient
performance of the converter stable increase its efficiency. A great advantage of this controller includes, it’s
based on large signal model of DC to DC converters hence its stability is not bounded by the size of the
interpretations around the working point. In this research work, simulation model of cuk converter with sliding
mode controller is developed and tested using MATLAB SIMULINK. Effectiveness of proposed sliding mode
controller for cuk converter is proved from simulation results.
Digital Signal Controller Based Four Switch Three Phase Inverter Fed BLDC Mot...ijsrd.com
Brushless Direct Current Motors (BLDC) are used in many applications for their low cost, high performance , ease of control, less maintenance because of absence of commutators and brushes and high efficiency. These advantages of BLDC motors have led to their wide spread use in variable speed drives. The main objective of this paper is to develop a drive system for BLDC motor with reduced switches and minimum hardware. The proposed work is based on, the dsPIC controlled four switch three phase inverter fed BLDC motor drive. The advantage of this inverter that uses four switches instead of conventional six switches is lesser switching losses, lower electromagnetic interference (EMI), less complexity and reduced interference circuit. dsPIC30F4011 digital controller is used to generate the switching pulses for Four Switch Three Phase Inverter consists of MOSFET Switches to drive the BLDC motor. Simulation and experimental work are carried out and results are presented. A simulation is carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK and in the experimental work a prototype model is constructed to verify the simulation results.
Simulation of 3-phase matrix converter using space vector modulationIJECEIAES
This paper illustrates the simulation of 3-phase matrix converter using Space Vector Modulation (SVM). Variable AC output voltage engendered using matrix converter with bidirectional power switches controlled by appropriate switching pulse. The conventional PWM converter engenders switching common mode voltage across the load system terminals, which cause to common mode current and its leads to bearing failure in load drive. These problems can be rectified using SVM and which minimize the effect on the harmonic fluctuation in AC output voltage and stress on the power switch is reduced using bidirectional switch for proposed 3-phase matrix converter. The simulation results have been presented to validate the proposed system using matlab / simulink.
Voltage profile Improvement Using Static Synchronous Compensator STATCOMINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is a regulating device used in AC transmission systems as a source or a sink of reactive power. The most widely utilization of the STATCOM is in enhancing the voltage stability of the transmission line. A voltage regulator is a FACTs device used to adjust the voltage disturbance by injecting a controllable voltage into the system. This paper implement Nruro-Fuzzy controller to control the STATCOM to improve the voltage profile of the power network. The controller has been simulated for some kinds of disturbances and the results show improvements in voltage profile of the system. The performance of STATCOM with its controller was very close within 98% of the nominal value of the busbar voltage.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
One of the preferred choices of electronic power conversion for high power applications are multilevel inverters topologies finding increased attention in industry. Cascaded H-Bridge multilevel inverter is one of these topologies reaching the higher output voltage, power level and higher reliability due to its modular topology. Level Shifted Carrier Pulse Width Modulation (LSCPWM) and Phase Shifted Carrier Pulse Width Modulation are used generally for switching cascaded H-bridge (CHB) multilevel inverters. This paper compares LSCPWM and PSCPWM in terms of total harmonics distortion (THD) and output voltage among inverter cells. Simulation for 21-level CHB inverter is carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK and simulation results are presented.
International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) provides a multidisciplinary passage for researchers, managers, professionals, practitioners and students around the globe to publish high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all theoretical and empirical aspects of Engineering and Science.
Solar fed BLDC motor drive for mixer grinder using a buck-boost converterjournalBEEI
In existing mixer grinders, the universal motor is used due to its high starting torque than the induction motor. To achieve higher speed for smaller devices, the implementation of the universal motor becomes cheaper. The absence of brushes and the reduction of noise in the BLDC extends its lifetime, making it ideal for a mixer grinder. The solar-powered BLDC motor drive for a mixer grinder is presented in this paper. A DC-DC buck boost (BB) converter is utilised to operate the PV (photovoltaic) array at its highest power. The proposed hysteresis current (HC) control BLDC system is developed in the MATLAB. A comparison performance is demonstrated between the commercially available mixer grinder and the simulated proposed system.
Resultado: http://aquaa3.com.br/2014/10/resultado-cpaq-concurso-paulista-de-aquapaisagismo-2014.html
O Concurso Paulista de Aquapaisagismo é um concurso gratuito realizado pelo grupo Aquarismo Paulista e tem como objetivo principal fortalecer, divulgar e incentivar o desenvolvimento do aquarismo e do aquapaisagismo dentro do Estado de São Paulo.
An Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Distributed Power Flow Controller (DPFC) in...IAES-IJPEDS
A well-prepared abstract enables the reader to identify the basic content of a document quickly and accurately, to determine its relevance to their interests, and thus to decide whether to read the document in its entirety. The Abstract should be informative and completely self-explanatory, provide a clear statement of the problem, the proposed approach or solution, and point out major findings and conclusions. The Abstract should be 100 to 200 words in length. The abstract should be written in the past tense. Standard nomenclature should be used and abbreviations should be avoided. No literature should be cited. The keyword list provides the opportunity to add keywords, used by the indexing and abstracting services, in addition to those already present in the title. Judicious use of keywords may increase the ease with which interested parties can locate our article.
Electrical Discharge Machining Flyback Converter using UC3842 Current Mode PW...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper presents a current mode Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controlled Flyback converter using UC3842 for Electrical Discharge Machining current generator control circuit. Circuit simplicity and high efficiency can be achieved by a Flyback converter with current mode PWM controller. The behaviors of the system's operation is analyzed and discussed by varying the load resistance. Matlab sofware is used to simulate the Flyback converter where a prototype has been built and tested to verify its performance.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Design and Simulation Analysis of Sliding Mode Controller for DC-DC Cuk Conve...IJMREMJournal
Due to compact size and fast dynamic response DC-DC converters are used to a great extent. DC-DC Cuk
converter has switching transients which leads to switching losses and harmonics generation. With a linear
controller like Proportional integral derivative (PID), the transients and oscillations under supply and load
variations cannot be controlled. So, it becomes necessary to use a nonlinear controller to make transient
performance of the converter stable increase its efficiency. A great advantage of this controller includes, it’s
based on large signal model of DC to DC converters hence its stability is not bounded by the size of the
interpretations around the working point. In this research work, simulation model of cuk converter with sliding
mode controller is developed and tested using MATLAB SIMULINK. Effectiveness of proposed sliding mode
controller for cuk converter is proved from simulation results.
Digital Signal Controller Based Four Switch Three Phase Inverter Fed BLDC Mot...ijsrd.com
Brushless Direct Current Motors (BLDC) are used in many applications for their low cost, high performance , ease of control, less maintenance because of absence of commutators and brushes and high efficiency. These advantages of BLDC motors have led to their wide spread use in variable speed drives. The main objective of this paper is to develop a drive system for BLDC motor with reduced switches and minimum hardware. The proposed work is based on, the dsPIC controlled four switch three phase inverter fed BLDC motor drive. The advantage of this inverter that uses four switches instead of conventional six switches is lesser switching losses, lower electromagnetic interference (EMI), less complexity and reduced interference circuit. dsPIC30F4011 digital controller is used to generate the switching pulses for Four Switch Three Phase Inverter consists of MOSFET Switches to drive the BLDC motor. Simulation and experimental work are carried out and results are presented. A simulation is carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK and in the experimental work a prototype model is constructed to verify the simulation results.
Simulation of 3-phase matrix converter using space vector modulationIJECEIAES
This paper illustrates the simulation of 3-phase matrix converter using Space Vector Modulation (SVM). Variable AC output voltage engendered using matrix converter with bidirectional power switches controlled by appropriate switching pulse. The conventional PWM converter engenders switching common mode voltage across the load system terminals, which cause to common mode current and its leads to bearing failure in load drive. These problems can be rectified using SVM and which minimize the effect on the harmonic fluctuation in AC output voltage and stress on the power switch is reduced using bidirectional switch for proposed 3-phase matrix converter. The simulation results have been presented to validate the proposed system using matlab / simulink.
Voltage profile Improvement Using Static Synchronous Compensator STATCOMINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is a regulating device used in AC transmission systems as a source or a sink of reactive power. The most widely utilization of the STATCOM is in enhancing the voltage stability of the transmission line. A voltage regulator is a FACTs device used to adjust the voltage disturbance by injecting a controllable voltage into the system. This paper implement Nruro-Fuzzy controller to control the STATCOM to improve the voltage profile of the power network. The controller has been simulated for some kinds of disturbances and the results show improvements in voltage profile of the system. The performance of STATCOM with its controller was very close within 98% of the nominal value of the busbar voltage.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
One of the preferred choices of electronic power conversion for high power applications are multilevel inverters topologies finding increased attention in industry. Cascaded H-Bridge multilevel inverter is one of these topologies reaching the higher output voltage, power level and higher reliability due to its modular topology. Level Shifted Carrier Pulse Width Modulation (LSCPWM) and Phase Shifted Carrier Pulse Width Modulation are used generally for switching cascaded H-bridge (CHB) multilevel inverters. This paper compares LSCPWM and PSCPWM in terms of total harmonics distortion (THD) and output voltage among inverter cells. Simulation for 21-level CHB inverter is carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK and simulation results are presented.
International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) provides a multidisciplinary passage for researchers, managers, professionals, practitioners and students around the globe to publish high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all theoretical and empirical aspects of Engineering and Science.
Solar fed BLDC motor drive for mixer grinder using a buck-boost converterjournalBEEI
In existing mixer grinders, the universal motor is used due to its high starting torque than the induction motor. To achieve higher speed for smaller devices, the implementation of the universal motor becomes cheaper. The absence of brushes and the reduction of noise in the BLDC extends its lifetime, making it ideal for a mixer grinder. The solar-powered BLDC motor drive for a mixer grinder is presented in this paper. A DC-DC buck boost (BB) converter is utilised to operate the PV (photovoltaic) array at its highest power. The proposed hysteresis current (HC) control BLDC system is developed in the MATLAB. A comparison performance is demonstrated between the commercially available mixer grinder and the simulated proposed system.
Resultado: http://aquaa3.com.br/2014/10/resultado-cpaq-concurso-paulista-de-aquapaisagismo-2014.html
O Concurso Paulista de Aquapaisagismo é um concurso gratuito realizado pelo grupo Aquarismo Paulista e tem como objetivo principal fortalecer, divulgar e incentivar o desenvolvimento do aquarismo e do aquapaisagismo dentro do Estado de São Paulo.
Review of theModern developments in Suction processes of IC EnginesIJERA Editor
This review paper deals with the evolution of the general processes employed in the suction process of IC
Engines. The suction process has evolved from the traditional use of carburettors to much more sophisticated
systems like CRDi, MPFi, etc. used in modern days. In doing so, various parameters such as the volumetric
efficiency and the turbulence, etc. inside the engine have to be considered. Additional processes such as
supercharging and turbocharging are employed to improve these parameters. It is also highly desirable to vary
the Air-Fuel ratio effectively according to the speed of the engine for better power output and mileage. Thus
researchers have developed several ways over the years to achieve it. Recent research work being carried out in
this field is in the areas of Pressure Wave Superchargers, Variable Geometry Turbochargers, Multiple Intake
valves, Shrouded Intake Valves, Camless Engines etc. Many of these technologies have been employed in the
industry such as the DTS-Si, TDi&i-vtec Engines. Thus, the Automobile Industry has come a long way in
evolving the intake processes and further developments will always be on the way.
Design and Modeling of Grid Connected Hybrid Renewable Energy Power GenerationIJERA Editor
This paper proposes a design and modeling of grid connected hybrid renewable energy power generation. The
energy system having a photo voltaic (PV) panel, Srg wind turbine and fuel cell (sofc) for continuous power
flow management. Fuel cells (storage & generating) are added to ensure uninterrupted power supply due to the
discontinuous nature of solar and wind resources. Renewable energy generated during times of plenty can be
stored for use during periods when sufficient electricity is not available. But storing this energy is a difficult
task: batteries and similar technologies perform well over short timescales, but over periods of weeks or months
a different approach is necessary. Energy storage in the form of hydrogen is one such possibility: excess
electricity is fed into an electrolyser to split water into its constituent parts, oxygen and hydrogen. The hydrogen
is then used in fuel cells to produce electricity when needed which will overcome the problem of storage. This
work is mainly concentrated on the design, analysis and modelling of Fuel cells and Analysis and modelling of
Switched Reluctance Generator (SRG) in the application of Wind Energy Generation and pv cell. Also an
effective approach is proposed in this thesis to ensure renewable energy diversity and effective utilization. The
pv cell, wind and fuel cell renewable energy system is digitally simulated using the MATLAB/SIMULINK
software environment and fully validated for efficient energy utilizations and enhanced interface power quality
under different operating conditions and load excursions
Comparative Study of Fuzzy Logic Based Speed Control of Multilevel Inverter f...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper presents a comparative analysis of speed control of brushless DC motor (BLDC) drive fed with conventional two-level, three and five level diode clamped multilevel inverter (DC-MLI). The performance of the drive system is successfully evaluated using Fuzzy Logic (FL) based speed controller. The control structure of the proposed drive system is described. The speed and torque characteristic of conventional two-level inverter is compared with the three and five-level multilevel inverter (MLI) for various operating conditions. The three and five level diode clamped multilevel inverters are simulated using IGBT’s and the mathematical model of BLDC motor has been developed in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The simulation results show that the Fuzzy based speed controller eliminate torque ripples and provides fast speed response. The developed Fuzzy Logic model has the ability to learn instantaneously and adapt its own controller parameters based on disturbances with minimum steady state error, overshoot and rise time of the output voltage.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A New Multilevel Inverter Structure For High-Power Applications using Multi-c...IJPEDS-IAES
In recent, several numbers of multilevel inverter structures have been
introduced that the numbers of circuit devices have been reduced. This paper
introduces a new structure for multilevel inverter which can be used in highpower
applications. The proposed topology is based on cascaded connection
of basic units. This topology consists of minimum number of circuit
components such as IGBT, gate driver circuit and antiparallel diode. For
proposed topology, two methods are presented for determination of dc
voltage sources values. Multi-carrier PWM method for 25-level proposed
topology is used. Verification of the analytical results is done using
MATLAB simulation.
Comparison between an Interleaved Boost Converter and CUK Converter Fed BLDC ...IJPEDS-IAES
There is a great concern of torque ripple and power quality of three phase
voltage source converter fed Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor
(PMBLDCM). In this paper, two control strategies for BLDC motor drive
has been investigated. One of the control strategies is based on PFC - CUK
converter fed PMBLDCM drive and another one is PFC- interleaved boost
converter fed BLDC motor drive. Comparison has been made between the
two control stragies in terms of Torque ripple, Total harmonic distortion
(THD) and power factor for different operating speeds. The proposed work
as been implemented under MATLAB/simulink environment. Simulation
results are presented to validate proposed work. From the results, it is
observed that PFC interleaved Boost converter fed BLDC motor drive is
more effective compared to CUK converter fed BLDC motor drive.
Development of a Microcontroller Based 12/24 Volts Push-Pull Inverter Systemiosrjce
Conventional power inverter systems are normally specified to work with a single nominal battery
voltage. This is somewhat restrictive and causes downtimes when d.c power sources of specified voltages are not available.
In this work, a push-pull inverter circuit that generates its rated output voltage from either a 12Volts or 24 Volts d.c source
was developed. The circuit, based on a PIC 16F877A microcontroller, determines the battery voltage and generates the
required MOSFET gate drive signals required to generate a 240 volts r.m.s modified square wave output waveform. The
developed circuit and the associated microcontroller firmware were designed and modelled using proteus® software and
MicroC software respectively. The circuit was constructed, programmed and then tested. The circuit generated 240 volts
r.m.s output waveforms when it was powered from either a 12 volts or a 24 volts d.c voltage sources.
Performance comparison of different control strategies for the regulation of ...IJECEIAES
In last years, DC-DC converters solve the most issues in the industrial application in the area of power electronics, especially renewable energy, military applications and affiliated engineering developments. They are used to convert the DC input that unregulated to regulated output perhaps larger or smaller than input according to the type of converters. This paper presents three primary control method used for negative output Super lift Luo DC-DC converter. These methods include a voltage mode control (VMC), current mode control (CMC), and Sliding mode control (SMC). The goal of this article is to study and selected an appropriate and superior control scheme for negative DC-DC converters. The simulation results show the effectiveness of Sliding mode control for enhancing the performance of the negative DC-DC converter. Also, this method can keep the output voltage constant under load conditions. Simulation results obtained by the MATLAB/Simulink environment.
Performance of Photovoltaic Assisted Five Level Diode Clamped Inverter fed In...IJMTST Journal
This paper presents the simulation and analysis of Photovoltaic assisted three phase five level Diode Clamped multilevel inverter fed induction motor drive. Photovoltaic technology is one of the most promising for distributed low power generation. Its ability to produce power by directly converting solar energy has led to tremendous surge in its demand. The Photovoltaic output DC is fed to the boost converter to step up the voltage. The use of multilevel inverters have become popular in recent years for high power applications and an effective and practical solution for increasing power and reducing harmonics of AC waveforms. So, here a five level multilevel inverter is used for generating AC voltage from five levels of DC voltages and enhance the performance of the system. The proposed system is used to reduce the amplitudes of all harmonics at the output of the inverter. The power quality improves by reducing the harmonics level. The simulation results for the proposed system are verified using Mat lab / Simulink. The TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION (THD) for Diode Clamped multi-level inverter is compared with the three phase inverter and it can be observed that in the higher levels the THD is reduced.
The transient and steady state analysis of Modified Three Phase Multilevel Inverter (MMLI) for Photovoltaic (PV) system fed from single DC input is presented in this paper. The transient and Steady state conditions of modified three phase multilevel inverter are analyzed using Proportional Integral (PI) and Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) with change in irradiance level of PV panels. The three phase multilevel inverter is designed with reduce number of power semiconductor switches, components, single DC input and effectively controlled by using Space Vector Pulse width Modulation technique (SVPWM). The obtained results are validated using MATLAB/ Simulink.Finaly, semiconductor switches and componets utilization of MMLI is compared with other similar topologies.
Comparative Study of Three Phase Grid Connected Photovoltaic Inverter Using P...IJPEDS-IAES
A comparative study of three phase grid connected photovoltaic (PV)
inverter using Proportional-Integral (PI) controller and Fuzzy logic controller
(FLC) is presented in this paper. Proposed three phase inverter with single DC
source employing three phase transformer for grid connected PV system
controlled by using space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique.
PI and FLC are used as current controller for regulating the current. Perturb and
observe maximum power point technique (MPPT) is used for tracking of
maximum power from the PV panel. Finally total harmonic distortion (THD)
comparison made between two controllers for validation of results.
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results are obtained using MATLAB simulink.
A solar fed BLDC motor drive for mixer grinder using a buck converter IJECEIAES
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Direct Torque Control of Induction Motor Drive Fed from a Photovoltaic Multilevel Inverter
1. Mahrous Ahmed et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 9( Version 3), September 2014, pp.127-132
www.ijera.com 127 | P a g e
Direct Torque Control of Induction Motor Drive Fed from a Photovoltaic Multilevel Inverter Mahrous Ahmed and M.K. Metwally, Tharwat Hanafy Faculty of Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Dept, Taif University, KSA.
Abstract: This paper presents Direct Torque Control (DTC) using Space Vector Modulation (SVM) for an induction motor drive fed from a photovoltaic multilevel inverter (PV-MLI). The system consists of two main parts PV DC power supply (PVDC) and MLI. The PVDC is used to generate DC isolated sources with certain ratios suitable for the adopted MLI. Beside the hardware system, the control system which uses the torque and speed estimation to control the load angle and to obtain the appropriate flux vector trajectory from which the voltage vector is directly derived based on direct torque control methods. The voltage vector is then generated by a hybrid multilevel inverter by employing space vector modulation (SVM). The inverter high quality output voltage which leads to a high quality IM performances. Besides, the MLI switching losses is very low due to most of the power cell switches are operating at nearly fundamental frequency. Some selected simulation results are presented for system validation.
KEY WORDS: Direct Torque Control, Induction Motor drive, hybrid multilevel inverter, PVDC power supply, SVM.
I. INTRODUCTION
After the invention of DC motor controller for speed and torque control, DC machine again back in action till development in power electronics for induction motor. Because of power electronics drive technology, induction motor becomes main workhorse of industry. Those were scalar control methods which has good steady state response but poor dynamic response. To achieve good dynamic response as well as good steady state response, vector control was introduced. But it has complexity in construction and control. In recent years several studies have been carried out for the purpose to find out alternative solution of field oriented control drive to achieve accurate and fast response of flux and torque and also to reduce the complexity of the control system of the drive. This was “direct torque control” or “direct torque and flux control” drive. Since, DTC (direct torque control) introduced in 1985, the DTC was widely use for Induction Motor Drives with fast dynamics. Despite its simplicity, DTC is able to produce very fast torque and flux control, if the torque and the flux are correctly estimated, is robust with respect to motor parameters and perturbations [1], [2], [3]. Unlike FOC (field oriented control), DTC does not require any current regulator, coordinate transformation and PWM signals generator. In spite of its simplicity, DTC allows a good torque control in steady-state and transient operating conditions to be obtained. The problem is to quantify how good the torque control is with respect to FOC. In addition, this controller is very little sensible to the parameters variations in comparison with FOC [4], [5]. FOC makes decoupling of stator current to produce independent
control of torque and flux. FOC is very sensitive to flux variations, which is mainly affected by parameter variations. It is greatly influenced on the performance of induction motor. Instead of FOC, DTC directly control flux and torque without depending on parameter variation [6]. In recent years, there has been great interest in multilevel inverters (MLIs) technology. Special attention has been paid for cascaded H-bridge inverter [7] – [11]. Generally, there are many advantages in the applications of MLIs inverters over conventional two-level inverters. The series connection of power converter modules reduces the voltage stress of each converter module (or increases the voltage capability of the overall converter structure). Besides, the resolution of the staircase waveform of the output voltage increases with the number of voltage steps of capacitor voltage sources available in the multilevel inverter. As a result of the improved resolution in the voltage harmonic content, filtering efforts and the level of the electromagnetic interference (EM) generated by the switching operation of the converter can be reduced.
The use of photovoltaic (PV) modules as a source of renewable energy is gaining attention nowadays. PV modules may be operated as isolated system (standalone system) or grid connected, in both cases it must be connected to an inverter to convert the generated dc power into ac power. The dc voltage of the PV is low which requires a pre-stage boost dc- dc converter to generate a suitable high input voltage for the inverter. Looking to the background, the PV can be used to feed the induction motor as [12] – [14]. Therefore FOC and DTC can be applied for
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
2. Mahrous Ahmed et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 9( Version 3), September 2014, pp.127-132
www.ijera.com 128 | P a g e
multilevel inverter-fed from PV systems. Only the
modulation method has to be upgraded to multilevel
pulse width modulation (PWM) (with multiple carrier
arrangements) or multilevel space vector modulation
(SVM).
In this paper DTC drive for an IM based hybrid
multi level inverter (HMLI) fed from PV panels has been
developed using MATLAB SIMULINK. Stator current,
rotor speed, electromagnetic torque and flux plot which
show the performance of DTC with HMLI. DTC has
also track the required speed and torque successfully
which represents the successful design of the DTC drive.
II. The PVDC Power Supply
Figure 1 shows the PVDC, it consists of a PV
module BP485 [15] type, MPPT control, high
frequency transformer (HFT). The dc source of the
main inverter unit is generated from the PV module
as shown in figure 1. It consists of PV module which
is the main unregulated dc source, dc-dc converter
accompany with maximum power point tracking
control required for catching the maximum available
power from the PV module. To catch the maximum
power from the PV module, the conventional perturb
and observe (P&O) control method [16] – [17] has
been adopted in this work. 2.3 kW PV module
composed of string of about 30 units of BP485
connected in series has been chosen with nominal
values for single unit is given in table I.
Figure (2) shows the (HFT) transform [8] which
is a step down with 2/1 turn ratios which are suitable
for this specific application and MLI. The main task
of this HFT is to generate the dc source of the
auxiliary inverter units from the main transformer
unit dc source. By this method, an inherit voltage
balancing between the main and auxiliary inverter
units is obtained which is very important. This
balancing will result in simplifying the control
system.
Figure 2 shows the MATLAB/SIMULINK
photovoltaic performances, current, voltage and
power.
PV
DC/DC
MPPT
4 switches
Inverter
2:1
HFT
Three equal
DC sources
for auxiliary
MLI circuits
Main DC
source Three full
bridge
rectifier
VPV & Ipv
Figure 1 the PVDC power supply
Table I. PV module BP485 specifications
Rated Power (Pmax) 85W
Voltage at Pmax (Vmp) 17.4V
Current at Pmax (Imp) 4.9A
Short circuit current (Isc) 5.48A
Open circuit voltage (Voc) 22V
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0
5
10
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0
100
200
300
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0
1000
2000
3000
Figure 2 PV current, voltage and power
III. The Hybrid MLI Power Circuit
Figure 3 shows the general three phase
configuration of the hybrid multilevel inverter
topology with lower power component elements for 4
levels [7]. This inverter is composed of single unit of
main stage, 3 units of auxiliary stages, „12‟ switches
and „4‟ isolated dc voltage sources. The auxiliary
stages are connected in series with the main stage.
The main stage is a conventional two-level three-phase
six switch inverter. Each auxiliary cell consists
of two switches and single dc input voltage. The
basic auxiliary cell of the proposed inverter includes
two switches are always operating in a
complementary mode and single input dc voltage to
generate two levels output voltage waveform 0 and
its input dc source. Therefore the auxiliary cell
givesVo 0 , when the switch S1 is ON and it gives
its input voltage when S1 is OFF. To avoid short
circuit condition, it should be kept in mind that both
of the switches (S1 and S2) never be switched on at a
time.
3. Mahrous Ahmed et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 9( Version 3), September 2014, pp.127-132
www.ijera.com 129 | P a g e
b c
Phase Arm
‘A’
S11
S12
S21
S22
Vdc
a
Auxiliary
stage
Main
stage
2Vdc
IM
‘N’
Figure 3 Four level line-to-line hybrid MLI
Using three auxiliary cells with the main cell
results in generating 4 levels output pole voltage and
7 levels for the line-to-line-voltage. It can be noted
that the main cell dc source is 2 Vdc and the auxiliary
cell dc source is Vdc, respectively, therefore VaN has 4
states (0, Vdc, 2Vdc, 3Vdc). The load line-to-line
voltages can be calculated as follows
ab aN bN v v v
(1)
Therefore the load line-to-line voltages can have
(3Vdc, 2Vdc, 1Vdc, 0, -1Vdc, -2Vdc, -3Vdc). And the
load phase voltages Van, Vbn and Vcn can be calculated
as in (2)
cN
bN
aN
cn
bn
an
-1 1 2
-1 2 1
2 1 1
3
1
v
v
v
v
v
v
(2)
Table II summarizes the output voltage levels for 4
levels using only single auxiliary cell with the main
cell. The space vector as described in [7] will be
employed which is the convenient modulation control
to DTC.
TABLE II
Switching States of phase VaN
MLI Pole
voltage
Switches of arm ‘A’
vaN Sa11 Sa12 Sa21 Sa22 Sa31 Sa32
0Vdc 0 1 0 1 0 1
1Vdc 0 1 0 1 1 0
2Vdc 0 1 1 0 0 1
3Vdc 0 1 1 0 1 0
IV. DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL
PRINCIPLES
Direct torque control principles were first
introduced by Depenbrock and Takahashi. In this
method, Stator voltage vectors are selected according
to the differences between the reference and actual
torque; reference and actual stator flux linkage. The
DTC method is characterized by its simple
implementation and fast dynamic response.
Furthermore, the inverter is directly controlled by the
algorithm, i.e. a modulation technique for the inverter
is not needed. The main advantages of DTC are
absence of coordinate transformation and current
regulator; absence of separate voltage modulation
block. Common disadvantages of conventional DTC
are high torque ripple and slow transient response to
the step changes in torque during start-up.
Figure 4 shows the schematic of the basic
functional blocks used to implement the DTC of
induction motor drive. A MLI supplies the motor and
it is possible to control directly the stator flux and the
electromagnetic torque by the selection of optimum
inverter switching modes. This control strategy uses
two level inverter suggested by Takahashi, to control
the stator flux and the electromagnetic torque of the
induction motor.
IM
MLI
SVM
+-
Flux
comparator
Torque
comparator
+-
VDC
C
Motor currents
Motor voltages
Stator flux &
torque estimation
tref
Flux linkage
vector section
Te
|ψ|
|ψref|
α
dψ
dte
Figure 4 Block diagram of basic DTC drive
The DTC scheme consists of torque and flux
comparator (hysteresis controllers), torque and flux
estimator and a switching table. It is much simpler
than the vector control system due to the absence of
coordinate transformation between stationary frame
and synchronous frame and PI regulators. DTC does
not need a pulse width modulator and a position
encoder, which introduce delays and requires
mechanical transducers respectively. DTC based
drives are controlled in the manner of a closed loop
system without using the current regulation loop.
DTC scheme uses a stationary d-q reference frame
having its d-axis aligned with the stator q-axis.
Torque and flux are controlled by the stator voltage
space vector defined in this reference frame [18]. The
basic concept of DTC is to control directly both the
stator flux linkage and electromagnetic torque of
machine simultaneously by the selection of optimum
inverter switching modes. The DTC controller
consists of two hysteresis comparator (flux and
torque) to select the switching voltage vector in order
to maintain flux and torque between upper and lower
limit. DTC explained in this paper is closed loop
drive. Here flux and torque measured from the
induction motor using proper electrical transducer.
4. Mahrous Ahmed et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 9( Version 3), September 2014, pp.127-132
www.ijera.com 130 | P a g e
Then flux and torque errors are found out by equation
(3) and (4).
dΨ=Ψref – Ψ (3)
dte=tref – te (4)
Using flux and torque comparator flux and torque
command obtained respectively therefore the stator
voltage reference vector can be obtained too [2] as
follows.
dt
d
REF V
(5)
The reference voltage (5) can be used helpfully to
generate switches pulses of inverter [7].
V. Determination of Switching Times of
Inverter Switches
Generally, every switching state creates specific
three-phase voltages aN bN cN v , v and v with respect to
the neutral of the dc bus voltage, which can be
defined by the equation (4):
cN c dc
bN b dc
aN a dc
v k V
v k V
v k V
(6)
Where a b c k , k and k [0, 1, 2, 3, …, + k - 1)
(2 ] and
switching states of inverter line-to-line voltages
ab bc ca v , v and v can be calculated by equation (7).
ca c a dc ca dc
bc b c dc bc dc
ab a b dc ab dc
v k k V k V
v k k V k V
v k k V k V
( )
( )
( )
(7)
Equation (7) can be expressed in a matrix form as
follows
T
V k k k k k k
v v v
l l k k k
V
dc a b b c c a
T
ab bc ca
ab bc ca
[( ) ( ) ( )]
[ ]
( , , )
(8)
Where bc bc k , k and ca k [- (2 1)
k , …, -3, -2, -1, 0 , 1,
2, 3, ……, (2 1)
k
]. The vector form of the line-to-line
reference voltage vector in steady state is
The inverter line-to-line reference voltage vector
demanded by the control algorithm in equation (5) is
ampled at the low rate of switching frequency s f .
The sampling interval
fs
Ts
1
extends over three
subcycles 1 2 3 t , t and t .
*
REF V is an arbitrary complex
quantity and it cannot be generated by the inverter.
Therefore it is approximated by the available voltage
space vectors given by equation (8), where during
each modulation subcycle a switching sequence is
generated. Consequently the inverter pole voltages
an bn cn v , v and v can be evaluated as well as switches
states. Looking to equation (6), it can be noted that
a k has a direct relationship with the inverter pole
voltage and therefore the lookup table II is used to
generate switches pulses for this MLI. The detailed
analyses is provided in [7].
VI. Simulation Results
In this paper for case study, 3HP, 220V, 50 Hz,
3-phase induction motor used for simulating DTC
drive. Induction motor parameters are given in table
III.
The required speed is 1500 rpm and required
torque is 12 N.m to which drive has to track. DTC of
induction motor is simulated for the sample time of
2e-6 second. Simulation time is 5 second. A step
change with two case studies has been done in speed
and in torque individually.
Table III induction motor parameters
Stator resistance (Ohms) 0.435
Stator inductance (Henry) 2.0e-3
Rotor resistance (Ohms) 0.816
Rotor inductance (Henry) 2.0e-3
Mutual inductance (Henry) 69.31e-3
Inertia 0.089
Friction Factor 0
Pairs of poles 2
The simulation results are done at rotor speed
1500 rpm and load torque changed from no load to
full load torque at time instant t= 3 sec.
In this configuration, main objective is to design
DTC controller for hybrid multilevel inverter fed IM
drive. Required signal for this controller is obtained
from the speed controller. First the stator flux
magnitude and angle is obtained from the
measurement. Torque and flux error is obtained, from
which drive can decide either flux has to increase or
decrease, also torque has to increase, decrease or
remains constant. From the stator flux angle, sector
will decided.
Figure 5 shows the d-q stator flux in the
stationary reference frame. Figures 6 and 7 show the
IM speed and torque profiles due to this specific
loading condition. They give the conventional and
well-know profiles, the torque tracks its reference
with a very good performance. On the other hand, the
speed builds up with a good performance.
Figure 8 and 9 show the hybrid MLI
performances, they show the line-to-line voltages and
the IM currents, respectively. The dc voltages of
isolated batteries for the inverter have been chosen
5. Mahrous Ahmed et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 9( Version 3), September 2014, pp.127-132
www.ijera.com 131 | P a g e
150V and 300V, therefore their dc sum is 450 V. As
mentioned before the load line-to-line voltages has
(3Vdc, 2Vdc, 1Vdc, 0, -1Vdc, -2Vdc, -3Vdc). Figure 9
shows the motor currents which are very almost
sinusoidal due to the high quality of the hybrid MLI
output voltage and the natural low-pass load filter of
the motor.
-0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Figure 5 d-q plot Stator flux
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
-200
0
400
800
1200
1600
2000
Figure 6 Motor speed
1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Figure 7 Motor Torque response
2.45 2.455 2.46 2.465 2.47 2.475 2.48 2.485 2.49 2.495 2.5
-500
0
500
2.45 2.455 2.46 2.465 2.47 2.475 2.48 2.485 2.49 2.495 2.5
-500
0
500
2.45 2.455 2.46 2.465 2.47 2.475 2.48 2.485 2.49 2.495 2.5
-500
0
500
Figure 8 line-to-line inverter output voltages
2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5
-20
0
20
2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5
-20
0
20
2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5
-20
0
20
Figure 9. Stator currents
VII. CONCLUSION
Torque and flux control for induction motor
drives are presented. The DTC drive which has been
employed has achieved the reference speed and
torque properly. Also ripples in torque and stator
currents are very small due to the high quality of the
hybrid MLI used as a power circuit. The IM is power
using PV module as an renewable energy source. The
provided simulation results show that the DTC drive
works successfully.
Another achievement of the power circuit is the
reduced switching losses of the hybrid MLI and thus
increasing overall system performances.
REFERENCES
[1] Z. Sorchini, P. Krein “Formal Derivation of
Direct Torque Control for Induction
Machines” IEEE Transactions on Power
Electronics, Vol. 21, No.5, September 2006,
pp. 1428 – 1436.
[2] M. Vasudevan, R. Arumugam, S.
Paramasivam: “High-performance Adaptive
Intelligent Direct Torque Control Schemes
for Induction Motor Drives”, Serbian Journal
of Electrical Engineering, Vol. 2, No. 1, May
2005, pp. 93 – 116.
[3] Anjana Manuel, Jebin Francis “Simulation of
Direct Torque Controlled Induction Motor
Drive by using Space Vector Pulse Width
Modulation for Torque Ripple Reduction”
International Journal of Advanced Research
in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation
Engineering, Vol 2, Sept 2013, pp. 4471-
4478,.
[4] T.A. Wolbank, A. Moucka, J.L. Machl “A
Comparative Study of Field-oriented Control
and Direct-torque Control of Induction
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ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 9( Version 3), September 2014, pp.127-132
www.ijera.com 132 | P a g e
Motors Reference to Shaft-sensorless Control at Low and Zero-speed” IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control, Oct. 2002, pp. 391 – 396.
[5] D. Casadei, F. Profumo, G. Serra, A. Tani “FOC and DTC: Two Viable Schemes for Induction Motors Torque Control” IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics, Vol. 17, No. 5, Sept. 2002, pp. 779 – 787.
[6] Abdesselam Chikhi1, Mohamed Djarallah1, Khaled Chikhil “A Comparative Study of Field-Oriented Control and Direct-Torque Control of Induction Motors Using An Adaptive Flux Observer” Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 1, May 2010, 41-55
[7] Hasan, M. ; Mekhilef, S. ; Mahrous Ahmed, “Three-phase hybrid multilevel inverter with less power electronic components using space vector modulation,” IET Power Electronics, Volume: 7 , Issue: 5, 2014 , pp: 1256 – 1265.
[8] J. Pereda and J. Dixon, "High-frequency link: a solution for using only one DC source in asymmetric cascaded multilevel inverters," IEEE Trans. on Ind. Electron., Vol. 58, pp. 3884-3892, 2011.
[9] M. N. Abdul Kadir, Saad Mekhilef "Dual Vector Control Strategy for a Three-Stage Hybrid Cascaded Multilevel Inverter", Journal of Power Electronics, Vol. 10, no. 2, 2010, pp.155-164.
[10] M. N. A. Kadir S. Mekhilef, and H. W. Ping “Voltage Vector Control of a Hybrid Three- Stage Eighteen-Level Inverter by Vector Decomposition,” IET Power Electron, Vol. 3, Issue 4, pp. 601- 611, 2010.
[11] Xiao Q. Wu and Andreas Steimel, “Direct Self Control of Induction Machines Fed by a Double Three-Level Inverter,” IEEE Trans. on Ind. Electron. Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 519 – 527, August 1997.
[12] Verma, V. ; Kumar, A., “Power balanced cascaded multilevel inverter fed scalar controlled induction motor pump sourced from photovoltaic source,” IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES), 2012, pp: 1-6.
[13] Razzak, M.A. ; Chowdhury, A.S.K. ; Salam, K.M.A., “Induction motor drive system using Push-Pull converter and three-phase SPWM inverter fed from solar photovoltaic panel,” Power and Energy Systems Conference: Towards Sustainable Energy, 2014, pp: 1-6.
[14] Yousry Atia, “Torque Ripple Minimization for Induction Motor Driven by a Photovoltaic Inverter,” journal of Power Electronics
(JPE), July 2009, Volume 5, issue 2, pp: 69:690.
[15] www.solarcellsales.com/techinfo/docs/bp- 485.pdf.
[16] Mahrous Ahmed, Mostafa Mousa, Mohamed Orabi, “Development of High Gain and Efficiency Photovoltaic System Using Multilevel Boost Converter Topology”, The 2nd International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems, 16-18 June 2010, Hefei, Anhui, China.
[17] Omar abd-Rahim, Mohamed Orabi, and Mahrous Ahmed, “High Gain Single-Stage Inverter for Photovoltaic (PV) AC Modules”, the 26th IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), 2011, Texas, USA, pp: 1961 – 1967.
[18] H.F. Abdul Wahab and H. Sanusi “Simulink Model of Direct Torque Control of Induction Machine” American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vo. 5, Issue 8, 2008, pp: 1083- 1090.
Author Biography: Mahrous Ahmed was born in Sohag, Egypt. He received the B.S. and M.Sc. degrees in electrical engineering from Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt, in 1996 and 2000, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in 2007. Since 2007, he has been an assistant professor with the Aswan Faculty of Engineering, South Valley University, Aswan, Egypt. He recently is an associate professor at Aswan faculty of engineering, Aswan University. Currently, he is an associate professor at faculty of engineering, Taif University, KSA. His research interests are power electronics and real time control systems. Dr. M. K. Metwally: received his doctoral degree in electrical engineering from Vienna University of Technology, Austria in March 2009. He is a lecturer in the Department of Electrical Engineering, Minoufiya University, Egypt. Presently he is working as Assistant Professor in Electrical Engineering department, Taif University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. His research interests cover AC machines control, the transient excitation of AC machines, sensorless control techniques, and signals processing. Dr Eng. Tharwat Owiss Hanafy: received his doctoral degree in Computer engineering from Azhar University, Computers and System Eng. Dept. 2007. He is a lecturer in the Department of Computer engineering, Azhar University, Egypt. His research interests cover, Expert Systems, Fuzzy Systems, Neuro Fuzzy Systems, Neuro Fuzzy Controllers, Neuro Fuzzy Modeling, Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), CANFIS,