T scan NOVUS user manual

05/07/15 T-Scan 9.1 User Manual (Rev U) 1
T-SCAN®
9.1 USER MANUAL
Computerized Occlusal Analysis System

T-SCAN®
9.1 USER MANUAL
Computerized Occlusal Analysis System

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents..................................................................................................................................... 3
Welcome to T-Scan ................................................................................................................................. 5
Technical Support ................................................................................................................................ 5
Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 6
Warranty Information............................................................................................................................ 7
Training ................................................................................................................................................ 8
Hardware & Installation............................................................................................................................ 9
T-Scan Computer Requirements.......................................................................................................... 9
T-Scan Component List........................................................................................................................ 9
The Novus Handpiece (DH-1) ............................................................................................................ 10
Novus Handpiece (DH-1) Specifications ......................................................................................... 11
The Evolution Handle (EH-2).............................................................................................................. 12
Evolution Handle (EH-2) Specifications........................................................................................... 13
Sensors & Sensor Supports ............................................................................................................... 14
The Novus Sensors & Sensor Supports.......................................................................................... 14
The Evolution Sensors & Sensor Supports ..................................................................................... 17
Installing the T-Scan Software............................................................................................................ 19
Installing the T-Scan Software on a Network................................................................................... 22
Setting up the T-Scan Novus Hardware ............................................................................................. 23
Removing / Replacing the Novus Handpiece Cable........................................................................ 24
Installing the Novus Handpiece Holder ........................................................................................... 24
Setting up the T-Scan Evolution Hardware......................................................................................... 26
T-Scan Components Maintenance and Care...................................................................................... 26
Novus Handpiece and Evolution Handle......................................................................................... 26
Sensors and Sensor Supports ........................................................................................................ 27
T-Scan Workflow.................................................................................................................................... 28
Opening T-Scan software & Setting up the Patient............................................................................. 28
Main Software Views.......................................................................................................................... 30
Performing A Scan ............................................................................................................................. 31
Sensitivity Wizard............................................................................................................................... 33
Reviewing a Scan............................................................................................................................... 35
Playing back the recording.............................................................................................................. 35
Comparison View............................................................................................................................ 35
Viewing a Digital Impression Overlay.............................................................................................. 36
Software Reference ............................................................................................................................... 37
Main Menu ......................................................................................................................................... 37
Toolbar............................................................................................................................................... 46
Active Scan Pane............................................................................................................................... 47
ForceView .......................................................................................................................................... 48
2D ForceView ................................................................................................................................. 48
3D ForceView ................................................................................................................................. 49
Center of Force Trajectory.................................................................................................................. 49
Center of Force Trajectories with Multi-Bite Scans.......................................................................... 49
How the Center of Force is Calculated............................................................................................ 51
Center of Force Target.................................................................................................................... 51
Timing Pane....................................................................................................................................... 52
Graph................................................................................................................................................. 54
Occlusion & Disclusion Time .............................................................................................................. 58
Navigation Bar.................................................................................................................................... 59
“Patient List” Window.......................................................................................................................... 61

“Patient Record” Window.................................................................................................................... 65
Arch, Arch Outline & Embrasure Lines ............................................................................................... 69
Force Outliers..................................................................................................................................... 70
Additional Software Functionality ........................................................................................................... 73
Scan Types ........................................................................................................................................ 73
Including Notes with a Scan ............................................................................................................... 76
Attaching an Image to a Scan............................................................................................................. 77
Creating a Report............................................................................................................................... 78
Creating a Digital Impression Overlay ................................................................................................ 80
Force Eraser ...................................................................................................................................... 88
Converting a Scan to a Video............................................................................................................. 90
Keyboard Shortcuts............................................................................................................................ 91
Software Updates............................................................................................................................... 91
Troubleshooting ..................................................................................................................................... 93
My Handle is Not Properly Connected................................................................................................ 93
My Sensor Indicator is Red ................................................................................................................ 93
I Receive an Error Loading a Digital Impression Scan File ................................................................. 94
I Received a Dentrix Error .................................................................................................................. 94
My Date Format is Incorrect ............................................................................................................... 94
I Would Like to Improve Performance................................................................................................. 94
Appendices............................................................................................................................................ 97
Saving ASCII Data ............................................................................................................................. 97
Dentrix G5 Integration Functionality.................................................................................................. 101
BioEMG Integration Module.............................................................................................................. 104
Declaration of Conformity ................................................................................................................. 107
Glossary .............................................................................................................................................. 109

WELCOME TO T-SCAN
Technical Support
Support is available Monday through Friday from 8:30am - 7:00pm EST.
Phone support: (617) 464-4500 or (800) 248-3669 x359 (USA and Canada)
Email Support: support@tekscan.com
Fax Support: (617) 464-4266
Website: www.tekscan.com
Mail: Tekscan, Inc. 307 West First Street. South Boston, MA 02127-1309
Tekscan, Inc. will provide technical assistance for any difficulties you may experience using your T-Scan
system for 90 days from the system shipping date. After 90 days, Tekscan offers annual Technical
Support and System Maintenance Plans or customer support at our standard rates per incident. An
incident is defined as one single issue or problem.
Copyright © 2015 by Tekscan, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language or
computer language, in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of Tekscan,
Inc., 307 West First Street, South Boston, MA 02127-1309.
Tekscan, Inc. makes no representation or warranties with respect to this manual. Further, Tekscan,
Inc. reserves the right to make changes in the specifications of the product described within this
manual at any time without notice and without obligation to notify any person of such revision or
changes.
T-Scan is a registered trademark of Tekscan, Inc. All other trademarks and registered trademarks
are the property of their respective owners.

Introduction
This manual describes how to use Tekscan’s T-Scan system. T-Scan is a reliable and easy-to-use tool
that senses and aids in analyzing occlusal contact forces using paper-thin, disposable sensors. The T-
Scan system comes with a full-featured Patient File Management system, which makes storing patient
records and tracking occlusal scans simple, and makes the system an integral component of the clinical
workstation for aiding in occlusal diagnosis and treatment.
The T-Scan Occlusal Analysis system can be incorporated into your office in the following ways:
• Hygiene
• Initial Patient Exam
• Identify Premature Contacts
• Achieve Bilateral Simultaneity
• Anytime you use Articulation Paper
• Increase Implant Longevity
• Establish Anterior Guidance
• Case Finishing
• Patient Education/Documentation
The T-Scan system is a valuable tool that aids in the diagnostic process of analyzing a patient's bite and
showing what is and what is not functioning properly. When a bite is unstable it can cause pain, teeth
and dental restorations to crack and break, gum disease, tooth loss, headaches, and TMJ Disorder.
The T-Scan software offers features that allow the user to:
• Scan the patient’s occlusal contact data
• View the patient’s tooth contacts and associate them with specific teeth
• Analyze the data, with force & time relationships of contacts displayed as color contour images
• Manage patient records and scan files through the use of an intuitive database
The T-Scan system is comprised of the Microsoft (MS) Windows-based T-Scan software, the associated
hardware, and patented Tekscan sensors. The system’s versatility allows you to copy occlusal contact
data (as an image) and paste it into other Windows applications, or to create a PDF report that can be
printed or sent out via email.
This manual provides a thorough description of the system’s features and capabilities. Follow the Quick
Start section as a guideline, and refer to specific sections for more detailed instructions on how to use
each feature.

Warranty Information
Tekscan, Inc. Limited 1-Year Warranty
1. WARRANTY. Tekscan, Inc. warrants to the original purchaser of this product that should it prove
defective by reason of improper workmanship and/or materials:
A. Tekscan Systems and Components:
For one year from the date of original purchase at retail, Tekscan will repair or replace, at
our option, any defective part without charge for the part or labor if an inspection proves the
claim. Parts used for replacement may be used or rebuilt, and are warranted for the
remainder of the original warranty period.
B. Tekscan Sensors:
Tekscan will replace any Tekscan Sensor which fails due to manufacturing defect if an
inspection proves the claim. Claims must be made within 30 days of purchase.
2. TO OBTAIN WARRANTY SERVICE, call Tekscan at 1-800-248-3669, (617) 464-4500 in MA, for
further instructions. Should you be asked to deliver your product to Tekscan, Inc. in Boston, MA,
shipping expenses are the purchaser’s responsibility. Proof of purchase is required when
requesting warranty service.
3. THIS WARRANTY DOES NOT COVER defects caused by modification, alteration, repair or
service of the enclosed product by anyone other than Tekscan or an authorized Tekscan service
center, physical abuse to, misuse of, the product or operation thereof in a manner contrary to the
accompanying instructions, or shipment of the product to Tekscan or an authorized Tekscan
service center for service. This warranty also excludes all costs arising from installation, cleaning
or adjustments of user controls. Consult the operating manual for information regarding user
controls.
4. ANY EXPRESS WARRANTY NOT PROVIDED HEREIN, AND ANY REMEDY FOR BREACH
OF CONTRACT WHICH, BUT FOR THIS PROVISION MIGHT ARISE BY IMPLICATION OR
OPERATION OF LAW, IS HEREBY EXCLUDED AND DISCLAIMED. THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES FOR THE MERCHANTABILITY AND OF FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR
PURPOSE ARE EXPRESSLY LIMITED TO A TERM OF ONE YEAR. SOME STATES DO NOT
ALLOW LIMITATIONS ON HOW LONG AN IMPLIED WARRANTY LASTS, SO THAT THE
ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. THE WARRANTIES SET
FORTH HEREIN ARE IN LIEU OF ANY AND ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED INCLUDING THE WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. THE
BUYER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT NO OTHER REPRESENTIONS WERE MADE TO HIM OR
RELIED UPON BY HIM WITH RESPECT TO THE QUALITY AND FUNCTION OF THE GOODS
SOLD HEREIN. NO PERSON, FIRM OR CORPORATION IS AUTHORIZED TO ASSUME FOR
US ANY LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE OF THESE GOODS.
5. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES shall Tekscan, Inc. be liable to purchaser or any other person for
any special or consequential damages, whether arising out of breach of warranty, breach of
contract, or otherwise. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or
consequential damages, so that the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you.
08/11/03 — FORM-200-057-B

Training
Tekscan is pleased to offer many ways for you to learn how to get the most benefit from your system.
Training is offered with all new purchases. The following training alternatives are available:
• Web-Based Operation Training
Web-based training. This is scheduled with a qualified Tekscan trainer, and requires having your
system on a computer connected to the Internet, and a telephone connection. Web based training
is provided free of charge to all new U.S. customer’s. International customers should contact their
distributor for training.
• Training Video Library
The T-Scan Training library is a self-paced learning medium that focuses on operational
use, features of the software, and evaluation of the features. The training library
can be accessed here: https://www.tekscan.com/support/product-training/t-scan
• Help File
A fully interactive help file is included with all new systems. Help files can be accessed via the
software menu (either Help > Content or Help > Search). The help file can also be opened
separately as a standalone file via the Windows Start Menu (Start > All Programs > Tekscan >
Help).
• Webinar
Tekscan offers free web-based courses, seminars, and training sessions. You participate with
other users from the comfort of your home or office. Check our website,
https://www.tekscan.com/webinars, for times and availability.
• Training at Tekscan
In-house training is available at our Boston home office, by appointment.
• User Meetings
Tekscan hosts User Meetings at various locations to be convenient to people in various parts of
the world. User Meetings offer an opportunity to interact with other professionals using Tekscan
technology. User Meetings may have an associated cost.
• Onsite Operation Training
Onsite training can be provided for a fee which is to be determined.
For a schedule of webinars and training dates, please visit our website at
https://www.tekscan.com/events.
Note: Training is not required to operate a Tekscan system. For most users,
however, training greatly improves one’s ability to acquire and interpret data.

HARDWARE & INSTALLATION
This section presents instructions for hardware installation, and also provides the system
requirements necessary to support the T-Scan Occlusal Diagnostic system.
T-Scan Computer Requirements
For your T-Scan system to function properly, it is recommended that your computer meet or exceed the
following minimum requirements:
• Windows 7, 8, or 10
• Microsoft .NET Framework 4.0
• Intel Core 2 Duo Processor, or newer
(Intel Celeron Processors are not
recommended)
• 2gb RAM
• 5gb of disk space
• Dedicated video card
T-Scan is certified to run on Apple computers using VMware Fusion 5 or Parallels Desktop 7. To
sufficiently run T-Scan in a virtualized system, we recommend the following minimum requirments:
• MacBook Pro 13" or larger (early 2011 models and newer)
• 8gb RAM
• 75gb of disk space
T-Scan can also run on an iMac or Mac Mini, similarly configured.
T-Scan Component List
T-Scan Novus Handpiece (DH-1) System T-Scan Evolution Handle (EH-2) System
The following is a list of all components that ship with your T-Scan 9 System:
• (1) Novus Handpiece (DH-1) or (1) Evolution Handle (EH-2)
• (1) Novus Handpiece Holder and 3M Command adhesive strip (Novus System only).
• (10) Small Sensors (#2502 or #2501)
• (10) Large Sensors (#2002 or #2001)
• (2) Small Sensor Supports
• (2) Large Sensor Supports
• (1) Software CD with included PDF User Manual and Electronic Help File

Optional:
USB Cable length can be extended to 30 or 45 ft. with the following optional components:
• (1) 4-Port USB 2.0 Powered Slim Hub for PC
• (1) or (2) additional 15 ft. USB Cable(s)
Touch-free Sensor Supports can also be ordered.
The Novus Handpiece (DH-1)
The Novus Handpiece (DH-1) gathers the data from the sensor and processes it so that it can be sent to
the computer. The buttons on the sensor handle may also be used to start or stop a scan.
The Novus Handpiece (DH-1)
The Novus Handpiece (DH-1) label with compliancy, model number, warnings and
parameters.
• Power On LED Indicator: A green light here indicates that the Handpiece is powered on.
• Sensor OK LED Indicator: A green light here indicates that the Handpiece is initialized, the
sensor is correctly inserted into the Handpiece, and a new scan can be opened.
• Sensitivity +/- Buttons: Use these buttons to increase / decrease the sensitivity of the sensor.
• Scan Mode LED Indicator: A green light here indicates that the sensor is scanning force data
and transferring that data to your computer.
• Record Button: This is a multi-function button. Use this button to open a new scan. Once open,
this button is used to start recording a scan or stop recording a scan.

Novus Handpiece (DH-1) Specifications
COMMUNICATION/DATA ACQUISITION:
COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL TO HOST COMPUTER USB 1.1 OR 2.0 COMPATIBLE, 12 Mbps
SCAN SPEED UP TO 175 Hz (UP TO 500 Hz with Turbo Mode)
DIGITAL PRESSURE RESOLUTION 8 BIT
ELECTRICAL:
POWER SOURCE HOST COMPUTER’S USB BUS
POWER CONSUMPTION 200mA MAX AT 5V
USB CABLE:
LENGTH in (mm) 120 (3048)
HANDPIECE ENCLOSURE:
SIZE L x W x H in (mm) 7.20 x 2.25 x 1.20 (182.9 x 57.2 x 30.5)
WEIGHT lbs (kgs) 0.50 (0.23) (INCLUDING CABLE)
AMBIENT OPERATING CONDITIONS:
TEMPERATURE: o
F (o
C) 41 TO 95 (5 TO 35)
HUMIDITY: % 20 TO 80 (NON-CONDENSING)
PRESSURE: psi (kPa) 14.7 TO 10.1 (101.3 TO 69.7) (SEA LEVEL TO 10,000 ft)
STORAGE AND TRANSPORT CONDITIONS:
TEMPERATURE: o
F (o
C)
-4 TO 140 (-20 TO 60) (SHORT-TERM < 72 HRS)
41 TO 104 (5 TO 40) (LONG-TERM 72 HRS +)
HUMIDITY: % 5 TO 95 (NON-CONDENSING)
PRESSURE: psi (kPa) 14.7 TO 1.7 (101.3 TO 11.1) (SEA LEVEL TO 50,000 ft)

The Evolution Handle (EH-2)
The Evolution Handle (EH-2) gathers the data from the sensor and processes it so that it can be sent to
the computer. The buttons on the sensor handle may also be used to start or stop a scan.
The Evolution Handle (EH-2)
buttons and their functionality.
The Evolution Handle (EH-2) with
attached USB cable.
The Evolution (EH-2) label with
compliancy, model number,
warnings and parameters.
• Sensor OK Green LED Indicator: A green light here indicates that the sensor is correctly
inserted into the handle and a new scan can be opened.
• Scan Mode Green LED Indicator: A green light here indicates that the sensor is scanning force
data and transferring that data to your computer.
• New Scan Button: This will open a new scan window in the software, so that you can begin
scanning force data.
• Scan Start & Stop Button: Use this button to start a scan or stop a scan that is in progress.
• Power Green & Yellow LED Indicator: When yellow, this light indicates that the handle is
receiving power, but is not yet initialized. When Green, this light indicates that the handle is
receiving power and has been initialized by the computer (i.e.: the device shows up under the
Windows device manager).

Evolution Handle (EH-2) Specifications
COMMUNICATION/DATA ACQUISITION:
COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL TO HOST COMPUTER USB 1.1 or 2.0 Compatible, 12 Mbps
SCAN SPEED Up to 100 Hz (Up to 500 Hz with Turbo Mode).
DIGITAL PRESSURE RESOLUTION 8 BIT
ELECTRICAL:
POWER SOURCE Host Computer’s USB BUS
POWER CONSUMPTION 200mA MAX at 5V
USB CABLE:
LENGTH in (mm) 180 (4572)
WEIGHT lbs (kgs) 0.40 (0.18)
HANDLE ENCLOSURE:
SIZE LxWxH in (mm) 5.38 x 2.25 x 1.30 (137 x 57 x 33)
OPEN LEVER HEIGHT in (mm) 4.30 (109.2)
WEIGHT lbs (kgs) 0.77 (0.35)
AMBIENT OPERATING CONDITIONS:
TEMPERATURE: o
F (o
C)
14 to 131 (-10 to 55) Prolonged use at high Temperatures
should be avoided
HUMIDITY: % 0 to 90 (non condensing)
PRESSURE: psi (kPa) 1.7 to 14.7 (11.6 to 101.3) (sea level to 50,000 ft.)
STORAGE AND TRANSPORT CONDITIONS:
TEMPERATURE: o
F (o
C)
-4 to 131 (-20 to 55) Short-Term
41 to 104 (5 to 40) Long-Term
HUMIDITY: % 0 to 90 (non condensing)
PRESSURE: psi (kPa) 1.7 to 14.7 (11.6 to 101.3) (sea level to 50,000 ft.)

Sensors & Sensor Supports
The T-Scan sensor is an ultra-thin (.004", 0.1 mm), flexible printed circuit that detects your patient’s
occlusal forces. These sensors are made up of 1370 active pressure sensing locations for the large
sensor (#2002 for the Novus Handpiece, and #2001 for the Evolution Handle), and 1122 pressure
sensing locations for the small sensor (#2502 for the Novus Handpiece, and #2501 for the Evolution
Handle). These sensing locations are referred to as ‘sensing elements’, or ‘sensels’. The ‘sensels’ are
arranged in rows and columns on the sensor. Each sensel can be seen as an individual square on the
computer screen by selecting the 2D display mode.
Note: The T-Scan sensor should not be cut. Cutting the sensor would expose the
patient to the sensor's interior, and would allow saliva, other liquids and foreign
material to enter the sensor.
Note: Sensor Supports are not interchangeable. The small Sensor Support must be
used with the small Sensor, and the large Sensor Support with the large Sensor.
Likewise, the Novus Sensors and Sensor Supports cannot be used with the
Evolution system, and Evolution Sensors and Sensor Supports cannot be used
with the Novus system.
The Novus Sensors & Sensor Supports
The Novus Handpiece with small support and sensor (left) and large support and
sensor (right).

Sensor Specifications
Small Sensor (#2502) for use with the Novus Handpiece

Large Sensor (#2002) for use with the Novus Handpiece

The Evolution Sensors & Sensor Supports
The Evolution Handle with small support and sensor (left) and large support and
sensor (right).
Small Sensor (#2501) for use with the Evolution Handle

Large Sensor (#2001) for use with the Evolution Handle

Installing the T-Scan Software
Follow the procedure below to install the T-Scan Software on your computer.
Before installing the software, close all other applications. If you have any older
versions of the software on your system, you do not need to uninstall the older
version.
1. To install the software, place
the installation CD in your CD-
ROM drive. If the installation
menu does not open
automatically, click Start at the
bottom left of the screen, then
click Run. Type
D:autoplay.exe in the
Command Line field of the Run
dialog box (assuming “D” is the
letter for your CD-Rom drive).
The software setup program will
prepare your computer for the
installation (shown at right).
2. There are two installation paths
that can be followed at this
point:
a. If this is a brand new installation, The installation Wizard opens (shown below left). Click the
Next button and proceed to Step 3.
b. If you have an older version of the software already installed on your system, the "Modify,
Repair, or Remove" screen appears (shown below right). Click the Repair radio button, and
then click the Next button. Proceed to Step 6.

3. The "T-Scan Licensing Agreement" screen opens. If you agree with the licensing agreement, click
the "I accept the terms of the license agreement" radio button and then click the Next button
(shown below).
4. The "Destination Location" screen opens. This allows you to select a location where the T-Scan
software will be installed on your computer. It is recommended that you use the default location,
however, you can click the Change button to select a new location if you wish. Click the Next
button.

5. The "Installation" screen opens. Click the Install button to install the software on your computer
(shown below).
6. The installation process begins (shown below right). Be patient, as this can take several minutes
to install on your computer. Click the Cancel button if you wish to halt the installation process at
any point in time.

7. When the installation is completed, the final screen will indicate that the software installation was
successful. Click the Finish button at the bottom of the screen (shown below).
Note that the T-Scan User Manual (T-Scan User Manual.pdf) and Help File (tscan.chm) are also
installed on your computer automatically, along with the main software installation. Both these files can
be found under C:TekscanTScan folder (shown below). You can double-click on either of them to open
them up and view them on-screen.
Installing the T-Scan Software on a Network
An additional licensing fee is associated with running the software on multiple computers linked to a
network. Please contact Tekscan for more information.

Setting up the T-Scan Novus Hardware
1. Connect the Handpiece's attached USB Cable connector to the USB port
on your computer (see image at right). Your computer will automatically
detect the new hardware and configure it for your system.
2. Clean the Sensor and Sensor Supports, following the T-Scan Components
Maintenance and Care guidelines.
3. Select a sensor support (either large or small to match the
sensor to be used with the patient). Insert the sensor support into the
Handpiece, with the sensor support's central incisor pointer facing in the
"up" position (see image at left).
4. The Handpiece has a latch
on its underside. When the latch is
pushed in the “down” (open)
position, the latch retracts to allow
insertion of the sensor tab. Ensure
that the Handpiece latch is in this
“down” (open) position. Slide the
sensor tab (with "This Side UP"
facing upwards) under the central
pointer on the support, through the
middle of the support, and into the
Handpiece. Slide the sensor in
until it reaches its mechanical stop
(see image above right). Do not force the sensor into the
Handpiece! Close the latch by pushing it upward (into the
closed position). This locks the sensor in place.
The underside of the Handpiece, showing the latch open (left) and closed (right).

Caution! If a sensor is inserted into the Handpiece, do not hold the device from the
sensor only; thereby allowing the Handpiece to hang from the sensor. It may
become damaged, resulting in a misaligned sensor.
Note: Always store the Handpiece with the latch in the down (open) position.
Removing / Replacing the Novus Handpiece Cable
The Novus Handpiece uses a custom Tekscan USB (computer end) to Micro-B USB (Handpiece
end) Cable, with built-in strain relief features designed to prevent accidental disengagement. Contact
Tekscan for a replacement USB cable.
Warning! Using a non-Tekscan USB cable will void your warranty.
To remove or replace the cable, unscrew the cable covering from the underside of the Handpiece (shown
below left). Remove the cable covering by swinging the cover up from the screw end, and set aside
(shown below middle). Disconnect the Micro-B USB cable and pull it out straight; parallel to the length of
the Handpiece. You can then reinsert the new Tekscan cable with the trident symbol on the cable visible
(facing you). Do not insert the Micro-B USB cable upside down, as this could potentially break the
connector on the Handpiece and/or cable. Reattach the cable cover by placing the cover’s bottom end in
first and folding down to the screw end. Place the screw back in and tighten it with a screwdriver.
Installing the Novus Handpiece Holder
Find a location on the wall to install the Handpiece Holder. Note that you may wish to insert the
Handpiece and Handpiece Cable into the Handpiece Holder for measurement purposes, and to ensure
there is enough clearance for the Handpiece and Handpiece Cable to sit comfortably in the Handpiece
Holder while hanging on the wall. When finished, remove the Handpiece and Handpiece cable from the
Handpiece Holder.
1. Clean the wall surface with isopropyl rubbing alcohol by wiping the wall gently, then letting it dry.

2. Remove the red liner from the 3M Command strip (shown below left), and press the adhesive to
the back of the Handpiece Holder along the middle length of the holder (shown below right).
3. Remove the black liner from the adhesive strip (shown below left), and press the Handpiece
Holder’s back to the wall surface for 10-20 seconds (shown below right). Wait one full hour before
reinserting the Handpiece and Cable into the Handpiece Holder.
4. To remove the strip, hold the Handpiece Holder with one hand
gently. Do not press the holder against the wall. With the other
hand, pull straight down on the protruding tab (shown at right). It
will stretch about 12 inches before becoming fully dislodged from
between the wall and holder.
Note: Always store the Handpiece in the holder, with the latch
in the down (open) position.

Setting up the T-Scan Evolution Hardware
1. Connect the Handle's attached USB Cable connector to the USB port on your computer (see
image at right). Your computer will automatically detect the new hardware and configure it for
your system.
2. Clean the Sensor and Sensor Supports, following the T-Scan Components Maintenance and
Care guidelines.
3. Select a sensor support (either large or small to match the sensor
to be used wi th the patient). Insert the sensor support into the Handle, with
the sensor support's central incisor pointer facing in the "up" position (see
image at left).
4. The Handle has a latch on its topside. In the "up" position, the latch
retracts the contact pins inside the
handle to allow insertion of the sensor
tab. Ensure that the Handle latch is
lifted to the upward position. Slide the
sensor tab (with "This Side UP" facing
upwards) under the central pointer on
the support, through the middle of the support, and into the
handle. Slide the sensor in until it reaches its mechanical stop.
Do not force the sensor into the handle! Close the latch
completely to its downward position; flush with the Handle
(see image at right).
Caution! If a sensor is inserted into the Handle, do not
hold the device from the sensor only; thereby allowing the Handle to hang from the
sensor. It may become damaged, resulting in a misaligned sensor.
T-Scan Components Maintenance and Care
Novus Handpiece and Evolution Handle
Cleaning: Remove gross contamination from all surfaces of the Handpiece with an EPA-registered
hospital cleaning and disinfecting wipe such as CaviWipes (Metrex Research). Use as many wipes as
necessary until visibly clean. Discard wipe(s) in accordance with Federal, State, and local regulations for
infectious materials disposal.
Disinfection: After proper cleaning is performed, apply an additional EPA-registered hospital cleaning
and disinfecting wipe to all surfaces of the Novus Handpiece. Follow wipe manufacturer’s instructions for
appropriate contact duration. Discard wipe.
Note: Novus Handpiece cleaning and disinfection instructions were validated using CaviWipes
manufactured by Metrex Research, using manufacturer’s recommended visibly wet contact
time of 30 seconds for cleaning and 3 minutes for disinfecting, both at room temperature.

Storage: The Novus Handpiece should be stored with the underside latch in the open (downward)
position when not in use.
Sensors and Sensor Supports
Cleaning: Remove gross contamination from all surfaces of the Sensors and Sensor Supports, including
all hard-to-reach areas, with an EPA-registered hospital cleaning and disinfecting wipe such as
CaviWipes (Metrex Research). Use as many wipes as necessary until visibly clean. Discard wipe(s) in
accordance with Federal, State, and local regulations for infectious materials disposal.
Sensor Support Disinfection: After proper cleaning is performed, place the sensor support in a
standard sterilization pouch suitable for steam sterilization. Place in Gravity Steam Sterilizer validated
according to ANSI AAMI (EN) ISO 17665, making sure you do not exceed sterilizer’s maximum load
when sterilizing multiple devices in one autoclave cycle. Run sterilization cycle of 132°C for 15 minutes,
with a 30 minute drying cycle following the sterilization phase.
Sensor Disinfection: After proper cleaning is performed, place the sensor into disinfection solution at
the manufacturer’s specified dilution for the manufacturer’s specified application time, ensuring that the
sensor is fully immersed and not contacting any other products in disinfection bath. An EPA-registered
hospital disinfectant containing o-phthalaldehyde is recommended, such as Cidex OPA (Johnson &
Johnson). Remove sensor from the solution and rinse disinfected sensor in a large volume (e.g. 1 gallon)
of tap water for at least 1 minute. Replace water and repeat immersion for 1 minute two more times,
replacing rinse water each time. Note: three (3) separate large volume water immersion rinses are
required. Dry with a clean, soft cloth.
Note: Novus Sensors / Sensor Supports cleaning and disinfection instructions were
validated using CaviWipes manufactured by Metrex Research, using
manufacturer’s recommended visibly wet contact time of 30 seconds for cleaning
and 3 minutes for disinfecting, both at room temperature.
Note: Novus Sensor disinfecting instructions were validated using Cidex OPA
manufactured by Johnson & Johnson, immersed for 12 minutes at room temperature.
Note: Novus Sensor Support disinfecting instructions were validated with the Steris
AMSCO Lab 250 Steam Sterilizer at 132°C for 7.5 minutes, with a 30 minute dying
cycle.
Note: Beacoup by Ecolab Healthcare, Wescodyne by Steris Corp, and 1 Stroke
Environ by Steris Corp are not recommended for cleaning or disinfecting the Novus
Handpiece, Sensors, and Sensor Supports. In tests, when used in concentrated
quantities, they can discolor or possibly crack the housing material for the
Handpiece and Sensor Supports.

T-SCAN WORKFLOW
This section explains how to use the T-Scan software to set up the Patient, Take a Scan, and Review a
Scan.
Opening T-Scan software & Setting up the Patient
1. Double-click the T-Scan program icon on your desktop (shown below left), or go to Start >
Programs > Tekscan > T-Scan to launch the software. The Splash screen appears briefly
(shown below right), before the software opens on-screen.
When the software first opens up, you will notice that your cursor is changed from the default
Windows cursor to an enlarged black cursor (the difference is shown below). This was done to
improve visualization when working in the T-Scan software. You can change back to the default
Windows cursor by going into Edit > User Settings (Advanced tab) and selecting the Use
Windows default cursor option.
The enlarged T-Scan cursor. The default Windows cursor.
2. The "Patient List" is the first window that opens (shown below left). Click the New Patient button.
The "New Patient Record" window opens (shown below right). Fill out the "Patient Information"
tab (mandatory fields are marked with an asterisk *) and Tooth Charts (optional). You can also
associate Upper and Lower Arch Scan (.stl) files to the Patient.

When finished, click the Create button. Note also that the Date of Birth field format is governed
by the Short date format under your computer's "Region and Language" settings. Refer to the
“My Date Format is Incorrect” section for more information.
3. (Optional): Click the “Upper” and/or “Lower Arch” tabs and set the Patient's Central Incisor Width,
Tooth Widths, and Tooth Statuses. This can be done now, or later after the Patient's Scan has
been taken. For more information about these tabs, refer to the "Patient Record" Window section.

Main Software Views
The Main Window consists of the Title Bar, Main Menu, Toolbar, Active Scan Pane, 2D and 3D
ForceView, Timing Pane, Graph, and Navigation Bar. The Main Window, and its components, is
shown in the figure below.
• Title Bar: Each window has a Title Bar along the top, which displays the name (Title) of that
window. Each Title Bar has the usual MS Windows control button at the left end, and Minimize,
Maximize and Close buttons at the right end (see figure above). Only one window may be active
at any one time.
• Main Menu: The Main Menu provides the pull-down menus used to control the T-Scan program.
Each Main Menu Bar option is described in detail in the Main Menu section. Some menu items
contain shortcuts that can be used on the keyboard. Refer to the Keyboard Shortcuts section for
a complete list of shortcuts.
• Toolbar: The Toolbar is where you will find easy access to most of the common tasks performed
in the software. Refer to the Toolbar section for more information.
• Active Scan Pane: Provides a thumbnail view of all open Scans on-screen. Refer to the Active
Scan Pane section for more information.
• ForceView: The software window area where you can view the 2D ForceView and 3D
ForceView. This area is the main display showing the patient's bite mark pressure over time in a
2D and 3D visual perspective. Refer to the ForceView section for further information.
• Timing Pane: The Timing Pane allows you to view the measurements of the bite timing, as well
as each individual tooth’s timing, and the Force Outliers. For more information, refer to the Timing
Pane section.

• Graph: Displays the force versus time for the patient's overall bite, individual teeth, or Force
Outliers. Each graph line is color coded to provide an easy visual reference to areas of the Arch
Model or individual teeth. Refer to the Graph section for more information.
• Navigation Bar: The Navigation Bar allows you to perform key operations for a new scan or
review operations for an existing scan. Refer to the Navigation Bar section for more information.
Performing A Scan
The T-Scan system is designed to be easy to operate and ready to scan occlusal data from start up. You
may take a recording using the buttons on the Handle, or using the buttons in the software Navigation
Bar. Both of these methods are described in this procedure. Follow the steps below to begin recording:
1. Ensure the T-Scan software has been correctly installed on your system, and the sensor support
and sensor are correctly inserted into the Evolution Handle (EH-2). The Handle must be plugged
into the computer via USB in order for it to be recognized. Refer to the Setting up the T-Scan
Hardware section for further instructions.
2. Open the Software and Set up the Patient, as outlined in the Opening T-Scan software & Setting
up the Patient section.
3. Click the New Scan button in the Patient Record. A new recording opens in the main window. By
default, the 2D ForceView is shown on the left, with the 3D ForceView shown on the right. These
views show the patient's bite in real-time, as it is occurring. Below this window is the navigation
bar, where you can set the Sensitivity of the sensor, so that the sensor aligns correctly with the
patient's bite. If this is your first time taking a scan with this patient, leave the Sensitivity at its
default. If, after taking the scan, you receive a warning message suggesting to lower or raise the
sensitivity, you can do so.
The navigation bar also contains the circular red "Scan" button, which can be used to start and
stop the scan. It is recommended, however, that you use the scan button located on the Handle,
which performs the same function.
Note: If the “Sensor” status in the Navigation Bar is green (shown below), then you are
ready to perform a scan. If instead it is red, try readjusting the sensor and sensor support in
the Handle and ensure the Handle is properly connected to the Computer's USB port.

4. Place the sensor in the patient’s mouth, with the sensor support's position guide between the
central incisors (see below left). Keep the handle as parallel to the occlusal plane as possible
(shown below right).
You have two options at this point:
a. Manually adjust Sensitivity: Have the patient close firmly on the Sensor and adjust the
Sensitivity selection by clicking on one of the 14 available Sensitivity blocks from Lowest
(on the left) to Highest (on the right) until 1-3 pink contacts are visible.
b. Use the Sensitivity Wizard: The Wizard lets the software adjust the Sensitivity for you.
Refer to the Sensitivity Wizard section for detailed information.
Each patient has a more or less forceful bite. The Sensitivity setting aligns the sensor’s output
with the biting force of the patient. Allowing the operator to change sensitivity leads to a more
useful scan with less saturated sensels. Select a lower setting if too many saturated sensels are
obtained in your scans. Select a higher setting if the force is too low for a scan. Then re-scan the
patient. The effective sensitivity range is 1 (lowest) to 14 (highest), as represented by the 14
square blocks. It is advised that when taking
any recording, there are no more than 3 pink
sensels displayed at MA (Maximum Area
Frame). This is the frame of the movie that has
the most area covered by pressure data.
5. Press the Record button on the Handle. You can
also press the Record button on-screen in the
Navigation Bar (shown at right).
6. Have the patient bite down firmly on the sensor on
their back teeth.. The system records a scan. You
will see the frame progression on the right side of the
navigation bar (shown at right). Have the patient bite
down normally on the sensor. After the patient has
concluded their bite, press the Record button again to
stop the scan. By default, scans are 6000 frames and last approximately 1 minute (100 frames
per second), giving you plenty of time to obtain the patient scan.

7. As soon as the scan is completed, it is displayed on-screen (shown at right), and the scan is
positioned at the point of initial contact. The 2D ForceView is divided into two equal colored boxes
(one green for the left side and one red for the right side) around the mid-sagittal plane. In
addition, the "Occlusal Time Table" appears on the right side of the screen, and the Graph is
displayed below the ForceView area. The Navigation Bar also changes to provide playback
options below the Graph. Refer to the Reviewing a Scan section for further information.
8. To save your scan as a file that can be opened later, press the Save icon on the main Toolbar.
The scan is saved under the current Patient Record. The scans are numerically sequenced and
stored by date under the Patient Record. Notes and Scan Types should be used to provide some
distinction between scans for the same patient. In this way, you can create a categorical system
of scans under the same patient. This will also make it easier to find the correct scans to review
and analyze later.
9. To create a report from the current scan, go to File > Create Report. This allows you to export
the content of the current scan's 2D and 3D ForceView, as well as the Graph view and any
associated Notes, to an Adobe Acrobat (.pdf) file. From there, you can print the file or send the
file out through email. The window is printed exactly as it appears on-screen.
Sensitivity Wizard
Each patient has a more or less forceful bite. The Sensitivity setting aligns the sensor’s output with the
biting force of the patient. Allowing the operator to change sensitivity leads to a more useful scan with
less saturated sensels. Select a lower setting if too many saturated sensels are obtained in your scans.
Select a higher setting if the force is too low for a scan. Then re-scan the patient. The effective sensitivity
range is 1 (lowest) to 14 (highest), as represented by the 14 square blocks. It is advised that when
taking any recording, there are no more than 3 pink sensels displayed at MA (Maximum Area Frame).
This is the frame of the movie that has the most area covered by pressure data.

Before performing a Scan on a new patient, or when using a new Sensor, it is a good idea to adjust the
Sensitivity of the sensor.
The Sensitivity Wizard lets the software adjust the sensitivity for you. Follow the procedure below.
1. Click the Run the sensitivity wizard icon (shown below).
2. The first step is to place the sensor in the patient's mouth (shown below left). If it is a new sensor,
instruct the patient to bite on the sensor normally 2-3 times. This will condition the sensor and
acclimate the patient to biting on the sensor. Click the Next button to continue. The second step
is to instruct the patient to bite and hold as the system sets the sensitivity (shown below middle).
Once that is done, click the Next button.
3. When the procedure is completed, Step three is opened (shown below). At this point, you can
remove the sensor from your patient's mouth. Click the OK button to exit the Sensitivity Wizard.

The Sensitivity setting is shown on the Sensitivity slider (shown below).
Reviewing a Scan
Once you have performed a scan, it is available for your review. Your scan consists of a number of
frames of occlusal and disclusal force data that is "captured" during the scan period. This section reviews
the basics of scan playback.
Playing back the recording
1. Either perform a scan, or open an existing patient scan.
2. Use the Navigation bar to review the scan. Refer to the Navigation Bar section. You can also use
the available Keyboard Shortcuts to help navigate your Scan.
Comparison View
You can view two Scans top to bottom within the Main
Window. To do this, ensure you have two Scans from the
same Patient open. Then drag one Scan thumbnail over the
other, and let go of the mouse (see image below left). The
two Scans are combined into a new Scan window, where
both Scans can be compared to each other, and the Scan
Thumbnails are highlighted in yellow, and labeled
numerically in the tab list and to the left of the scan. This
helps to distinguish them from any other Scans that might be
open at the time (see image at right).
Note: You cannot compare scans from one
patient to scans of another.

In this mode, the Graphs for both Scans are proportional. The longest length Scan is used as the
reference, and the Time (sec) X-axis of the shortest Scan is increased to line up with this longer Scan.
This means that the timing (X-axis) is correlated between both Graphs on-screen.
In this mode, the Graph Timeline will move all Scans together simultaneously. Likewise, using the
Keyboard Shortcuts "A," "B," "C," and "D" will move the Timeline to that point in both Scans. If you then
press the Play icon on the Navigation Bar, both scans are played forward in tandem.
Viewing a Digital Impression Overlay
If you have an intraoral scanner, and wish to view the output as a layer beneath the digital Scan provided
by T-Scan, you can do so by loading the Digital Impression Overlay into the Patient Record. Refer to the
Creating a Digital Impression Overlay section for more information on using this scan review feature.

SOFTWARE REFERENCE
This section explains the various Screens, Panes, Navigation Bar, Toolbar, Icons and Buttons that are
found in the software.
Main Menu
The Main Menu provides most command operations within the T-
Scan system. The most frequently used items in the Main Menu
also have an icon on the Toolbar.
File Menu
• Patient List: Opens the "Patient List" dialog, where you can create a
new patient, edit an existing patient, create a new scan under any
existing patient, and open or delete a scan from any existing patient.
Refer to the "Patient List" Window for more information.
• New Scan: Opens a new scan for the current patient.
• Save Scan: Saves the current scan to your patient record.
• Export Scan: Clicking the Export Scan command opens the "Save"
dialog (shown below), where you can export the scan to any place you
like on your computer. The scan is saved in Tekscan's proprietary .fsx
file format.

• Save Video File: Allows you to save the current scan as a compressed video (.mp4) file Refer to
the Converting a Scan to a Video section for more information.
• Save ASCII (Optional): Allows you to save the current Scan window data as an ASCII (text) file,
with the file name and location of your choice , which can then be placed in tabular software, such
as Microsoft Excel. Refer to the Saving ASCII Data section for more information.
• Create Report: Allows you to export the contents of the currently active scan, including
comments and graphs, to an Adobe Acrobat (.pdf) file. Refer to the Creating a Report section for
more information.
• Exit: Closes the T-Scan application. If you have any unsaved
scans open, you will be prompted with a message asking if
you wish to save the recording(s) to the database (shown at
right).
Edit Menu
• Scan Notes: Opens the "Notes" dialog, where comments can be entered for the current scan.
Refer to the Including Notes with a Scan section for further information.
• Movie Photographs: Opens the "Scan Images" dialog, where you
can associate Images to the scan. Refer to the Attaching an Image
to a Scan section for further information.
• User Settings: Opens the "User Settings" dialog, where the user
can adjust several global software parameters. Click on a specific
tab to access associated settings. The "User Settings" dialog is broken down into the following
tabs. Note that all images for the tabs below show the default settings. The Close button is
universal on all tabs and closes the dialog while also accepting any changes that were made in
the tabs. In other words, you do not need to explicitly Save any changes. You can make all your
changes to all tabs and press the Close button to accept these changes.
o Force Outliers: This tab allows you to
increase or decrease the relative force
between teeth during closure. This
helps to detect teeth that might have
irregular force and timing
characteristics. Decreasing the relative
force results in more Force Outliers
detected. Increasing the relative force
results in less Force Outliers detected.
The "High Force Outliers" slider adjusts
the high force range, while the "Low
Force Outliers" adjusts the lower force
range. Press the Defaults button if you
wish to return to the default "Force
Occlusal Time Outliers" which is a
setting of 3, as shown below. For more
information, refer to the Force Outliers
section.
o Sort force outliers by deviation: When selected, the Force outliers in the Occlusal Time
Table are adjusted by order of deviation (the deviation column) from lowest deviation value at
the top to the highest deviation value at the bottom.

o Tooth Numbers: This tab lists the
tooth parameters that are displayed on
the 2D ForceView Arch. Selecting the
"Hide tooth numbers on arch" option
removes them from view. Tooth
numbering System provides three
selections as follows. Note only one
Tooth Numbering System can be
selected at a given time. Note also that
the Tooth Numbers system is
automatically selected, based on
where the user is located
geographically (via the "System
Language" for the software, which is
found on the Advanced tab -- outlined
below). Even with this automatic
setting, the Tooth Numbers system can
always be changed by the user after it is automatically selected.
 Universal: Displays the "Universal"
numbering system (2-15 from right
to left, on-screen).
 FDI/ISO: Displays the "FDI/ISO"
numbering system (11-17 from the
center to right; 21-27 from the
center to left, on-screen).
 Palmer: Displays the "Palmer"
numbering system (1-7 from the
center to the right; 1-7 from the
center to left, on-screen).
 Haderup: Displays the "Haderup"
numbering system (+1 to +8 from
the center to the right; +1 to +8
from the center to the left, on-
screen).
o Graphs and Timing: The three
checkbox options found on this tab
allow you to show or hide elements
within the Force vs. Time Graph. Refer
to the Graph section for more
information on this tab.
o Warning Messages: This tab contains
settings allowing you to enable or
disable warning messages in the
software. You can enable or disable the
warning that opens alerting you to the
number of saturated sensels in the
software, and you can set the number
of sensels that need to be saturated
(threshold) before the warning opens.

There is also an option to enable or disable the warning that opens when a scan contains low
data output (too few sensels or too little force exerted on the sensor).
Set the Implant Warning Threshold: Sets the implant warning threshold via the color slider.
The lower this slider is set (blue colors), the more warnings you will receive. The higher this
slider is set (red colors), the less warnings you will receive, because the forces on the implant
must reach a higher threshold before being displayed. There are 3 different warnings,
depending on which of the following criterion is met:
i. The contact point on an implant is loading too quickly (early loading). With this criteria,
the rate of loading is looked at, and a warning is generated if it is greater than the rate of
change for any natural tooth, or if the rate of change is equal to any natural tooth and
the Implant is a Force Outlier.
ii. The contact point on an implant is sustaining a high rate of force relative to its natural
surrounding teeth.
iii. The contact point on an implant is sustaining a high rate of force, which is two color
levels higher than its bilateral matching tooth.
An example of an Implant warning on the I-6 tooth. Note that hovering over the
warning will display the rationale for the warning. This can help guide you to
beware of potential issues when evaluating a patient.
Implants that have multiple conditions met will show the earliest warning first. This means that
the "early loading" warning will be displayed before any other.
To turn off all Implant Warnings, deselect the “Show implant warnings” checkmark. To reset
the Implant Warning Threshold to the default location, press the Reset Default button.

o Advanced: Advanced: The advanced
tab contains additional settings (shown
at right). Most times, you will not need
to change these settings.
Use "Turbo" scanning speed &
Scanning Time: Allows you to scan at
a faster speed than normal. Turbo
Mode allows you to maximize the
number of frames that can be captured
per second. This can be beneficial for
high-speed applications, when trying to
achieve the maximum frame rate. The
frame rate depends on the amount of
load on the sensor. Typical occlusion
will be about 300 Hz (300 frames per
second). Turbo mode captures data at
approximately 500 Hz (500 frames per
second). With turbo mode enabled,
rapid, transitory events can be captured at the sacrifice of consistent frame rate. Scans
captured using turbo mode will have many more frames than scans captured at slower
speeds.
Use Triggered Scan Start: Placing a checkmark in this checkbox (default), the system will
arm the recording when the "Record" button is pressed. Then, when the user bites down on
the sensor, the pressure on the sensor triggers the recording to begin. If this box is
unchecked, the recording starts immediately when the "Record" button is pressed.
Show all excursions in quadrant View: With this option is selected, if a scan is listed as an
excursion (R or L Lateral, Protrusion), the Arch is automatically displayed in quadrants when
the scan is opened. This is the same option as found under View > Arch in Quadrants (see
under "View" menu further below). Note: When this option is selected, you cannot toggle the
View option off. All arches will be shown in Quadrant view until you deselect this option on the
"Advanced" tab.
Active scan pane displays when T-Scan opens: When selected, each time the T-Scan
software is opened, the Active Scan pane on the left side of the software screen is also
opened. Refer to the Active Scan Pane section for more information.
Timing pane displays when opening a scan: When selected, each time a scan is opened,
the Timing Pane on the right side of the software screen is also opened. When deselected,
the Timing pane is not opened. Refer to the Timing Pane section for more information.
Display COF by closure: By default (when selected), the COF for each bite in a multi-bite
movie will be displayed independantly (not overlapped). When deselected, the COF for each
bite in a multi-bite movie will be displayed cummulatively (overlapped), as the scan
progresses.
Only display scans for a single patient at a time: You can also elect to only open one
patient's scans at a time. Selecting this option means that you can open any number of scans,
but only for one patient. If you attempt to open the scans of another patient while a current
patient is already open, the other patient's scans are closed in favor of the new patient.

Warn me before loading scans for another
patient: Placing a checkmark in this checkbox
means that a warning will open if you attempt to
open a new patient's scan (see the warning at
right).
Use Windows default cursor: By default, a larger cursor is used within the T-Scan software,
for easier visualization. Selecting this option will revert the cursor to the one set up under the
Windows default.
Select a Language: This option lets you select a language for the software. Selecting a
language ensures that the software Views, Windows, Dialogs, Menus, and Toolbars are
displayed in the appropriate language.
o Dentrix G5: Allows you to integrate the
Dentrix G5 software with T-Scan by
syncing the two software databases
together (see image at right). Refer to the
Dentrix G5 Integration Functionality section
for more information.
View Menu
The view options are essential in the analysis of occlusal data. These
options are designed to enable the clinician to summarize the occlusal
contacts in useful formats, with the force and time relationships of the
contacts displayed as color images. Features, such as Maximum Bite
Force and Maximum Intercuspation, assist the dentist in the diagnosis
and treatment planning of occlusal disease, such as trauma caused by
transient forces and interceptive contacts. Center of Force Trajectory
analysis allows the dentist to examine the total effect of restorative dentistry
on the patient’s maximum closure and excursions, and is as easy as the
click of a mouse.
• Center of Force Trajectory: Illustrates the balance of the occlusion in the 2D ForceView, using a
graphic Center of Force (COF) target and Center of Force (COF) Trajectory line. This command
is a toggle which shows or hides the COF and COF Trajectory on-screen. The default is set to
show the COF and COF Trajectory. Refer to the Center of Force Trajectory section for more
information.
• First Contact (1): This brings the 2D ForceView, 3D ForceView, and Graph to the first frame of
the scan where initial contact force appears.

• Maximum Bite Force: Moves all views to the frame in the scan which contains the maximum bite
force for the entire scan. The Graph Timeline moves to this location in the graph so you can see
the maximum force exerted on the sensor during the scan. This is useful to quickly access the
frame with the most force.
• Maximum Intercuspation: Moves all views to the frame in which maximum intercuspation
occurs, or the largest area of tooth contact. This can also be referred to as MA (Max Area). It is a
useful reference for a number of common dental procedures.
2D Contours: Displays a 2D Contours view of the scan in the 2D ForceView, with differences in occlusal
force represented by colors ranging from red (greatest) to blue (lowest). When enabled, the scan is
shown as Contours (default), where the force is smoothed out. In this mode, each sensel element is
represented by one square. This display looks the closest to the actual raw output of the sensor.
2D Contours enabled (default) 2D Contours disabled
• Arch in Quadrants: Further splits the Anterior
and Posterior of the Arch Model on-screen. The
Arch Quadrants view divides the Arch model into
four quadrants, as shown in the example at right:
Left: 45.9%
Left Anterior: 39.3%
Left Posterior: 6.6%
Right: 54.1%
Right Anterior: 31.4%
Right Posterior: 22.7%
• Flip Arch Horizontally: This is used to invert the
view on-screen. Both the 2D and 3DForceViews
are affected by this View menu option, and their views are flipped to the opposite sides on-
screen. This option is a "toggle."

By default, the arch is not flipped, meaning that the left side of the patient's arch is located on the
left side of the ForceView, and the right side of the patient's arch is located on the right side of the
ForceView.
Default View of Arch View of Arch when flipped horizontally.
Window Menu
• 2D Display Window: Toggles to show or hide the 2D ForceView.
• 3D Display Window: Toggles to show or hide the 3D ForceView.
• Force vs. Time Graph: Toggles to show or hide the Graph
window.
• Tooth Chart: Displays the Tooth Chart. Note that with the Tooth
Chart enabled, it will take the place of the 3D ForceView on-
screen (see below). The Tooth Chart is also only available as
long as the 2D ForceView is displayed.

This is the same Tooth Chart found on the "Edit Patient" dialog
(at the bottom of this dialog). Here, you can optionally adjust
the Central Incisor Width to be representative of the patient’s
bite by entering a numerical width in the "Central Incisor Width"
field. You can also adjust the patient’s tooth positions by
clicking and dragging the tooth numbers from the top row
either left or right. Each individual tooth width can be assigned
by entering a numerical width just beneath each tooth number.
Lastly, you can indicate each tooth’s status by using the drop-
down selection list next to each Tooth Number (shown right).
• Force vs. Time Graph: Shows or hides the Graph window. This is a toggle button.
• Show All: Toggles to show or hide all views. These views are the 2D ForceView, 3D ForceView,
Force vs. Time Graph, and Occlusal Time Analysis.
Help Menu
• About T-Scan 8: Displays a dialog box that provides basic
information about the T-Scan software (see image below left).
• Technical Support: Provides information on how to contact
Tekscan for technical assistance and product feedback (see image
below right).
• Contents: Opens the Help File, where you can
get T-Scan Hardware and Software information.
• Update: The Software Update feature is an
automatic notification system that lets you know
when there is an update for the T-Scan software.
You can also schedule how often the system
checks for updates using the "Available Updates"
dialog. See the Software Updates section for
more information about this dialog.

Toolbar
The Toolbar is where you will find easy access to most of the common tasks performed in the software.
Not all Toolbar functions are available at all times. For example, if you've already saved a scan, the
"Save" icon is unavailable and is "grayed out" (as shown below).
Toolbar icons also have "Tool Tips" associated with them. When the
cursor remains over an icon for a brief period, the "Tool Tip" will appear
under the cursor location (shown right).
The following provides an explanation of the options found on the
Toolbar:
• Patient List: Opens the Patient List dialog, where you can add, edit, and delete patient records,
and open or delete patient scans.
• Patient Name, Patient ID, and Scan Date: The patient's full name is listed on the top, and if they
have an ID associated with their record, the ID is listed on the middle row. Lastly, the Scan Date
is listed on the bottom row.
• Save Scan: If a scan has been taken, this icon becomes visible. To save the scan, press this
button. Scans are automatically saved under the Patient Record.
• Scan Type: Associate a procedure to the scan. Refer to the Scan Types section for further
information.
• Add Images: Allows you to attach Images to the scan. Refer to the Attaching an Image to a Scan
section for further information.
• Add Notes: Use this option to add notes that are associated to the scan. Refer to the Including
Notes with a Scan section for further information.
• Graph: This toggle button allows you to show or hide the Graph on-screen. By default, the Graph
is visible.
• Digital Impression Overlay: The Digital Impression Overlay feature allows you to import Upper
and Lower Arch Scan (.stl) files into the Patient Record. Refer to the Creating a Digital
Impression Overlay section for more information.
• Arch Selection: Allows you to select which arch of the patient is viewed on-screen: Upper,
Lower, or both simultaneously.
• Tooth Chart: This opens the Tooth chart for the patient. The Tooth Chart provides detailed
settings for the Patient's tooth and Arch. Refer to the "Patient Record" Window section for more
information.

• Force Eraser: The Force Eraser helps eliminate artifacts created by Class II occlusions and
other dentitions that cause excessive crinkling of the sensor. The Force Eraser feature can be
used to selectively discard areas of data that might be throwing the overall force percentages and
Center of Force (COF) off from their real values. Refer to the Force Eraser section for more
information.
• BioPAK: If BioPAK is installed on your computer, this button opens the BioEMG software module
to allow for a connection between the scan within T-Scan and BioEMG. Refer to the BioEMG
Integration Module section.
• Display the T-Scan Help File: Opens the software Help File, which provides hardware and
software documentation for your T-Scan system.
• Close Scan: If a Scan has been taken or is opened on-
screen, you can close it using this button. Likewise, if you
have taken a scan and do not wish to save it, press this
button. The system will prompt you to either save or
discard the scan (see image at right).
Active Scan Pane
The Active Scan Pane displays a thumbnail of all open Scans on-screen. By default the Pane is hidden,
however, you can have this Pane open each time T-Scan is opened, if you wish. This is adjustable under
the Edit > User Settings (Advanced Tab). When the Scan pane is displayed, if you have multiple scans
open on-screen, you will see each scan represented as a scan thumbnail along the left side of the main
window. The thumbnail contains the Patient's name, Scan Type, and Date the Scan was taken. Click the
thumbnail to select and view it within the main window. If you have multiple scans from different patients
open, a Title bar above the Thumbnails indicate patient name. Each Patient's thumbnails are grouped
together.
The Active Scan Pane icon (shown below) toggles the Active Scan Pane on (open) and off (closed).

ForceView
The ForceView is the software window area where you can view the 2D ForceView and 3D ForceView.
This area is the main display showing the patient's bite mark pressure over time in a 2D and 3D visual
perspective.
2D ForceView
The 2D ForceView displays the bite
mark in two dimensions; left and
right, as well as anterior and
posterior. As the patient bites down,
the sensor's color-coded tooth force
data is displayed in real-time with
lowest force (blue) to highest force
(red or saturated pink). The
resolution of the pressure is 255
levels of raw data, which is
translated into these colors. The T-
Scan software provides numerous
options for displaying, recording and
analyzing this real-time data.
As you play the scan back, you can
view the patient's bite over time, and
hone in on any time during the bite
to view the amount of force on the
left or right sides of the Arch. In the example below, the left side shows 68.7% of the force while the right
side shows 31.3% of the overall force. You can also view the force placed on each tooth as a
percentage, which is written on the inside of the Arch Outline. Tooth numbers are written on the outside
of the Arch Outline. In the example above right, we can see that 13.4% of the bite force is attributed to
tooth number 12. Each of the straight edge lines that divide the teeth are called "Embrasure" lines, and
the circular green line that encompasses the teeth and Arch is called the Arch Outline.
The 2D ForceView is displayed by pressing the New Scan button on the Handle. Alternately, clicking the
New Scan button on the “Patient List” window initiates a new scan.
If you hover your mouse over the embrasure line between two teeth, the tooth width is shown in a Tool
Tip (shown below left). You can click and drag the line to move it, thereby extending or contracting the
space between the two teeth adjacent to the embrasure line.
In addition, you can right-click over the 2D ViewForce and select Copy from the context menu (shown
below right). This copies the 2D ViewForce as an image that can be pasted into other programs, such as
Microsoft Word or Excel, for example.

3D ForceView
The 3D ForceView displays the bite mark in three dimensions (shown below left). Force data is
displayed as force columns in three-dimensional space.
You can move the 3D Forceview in all three dimensions by clicking and dragging on any position over
the 3D ForceView area. In this way, you can hone in on a specific area of the Arch Model and locate
specific areas of the patient's bite force (shown below right).
As you play the scan back, the 3D ForceView is updated along with the 2D ForceView. In this way, you
can view the patient's bite in 3-dimensional space over time, and hone in on any time during the bite to
view the amount of force on the left or right sides of the Arch Model.
Center of Force Trajectory
The "Center of Force (COF)" and "Center of Force (COF) Trajectory" illustrates the "balance" of the
occlusion in the active window using a graphic COF "marker" and "trajectory." The COF marker pinpoints
the location of the sum of the total force of the occlusal contacts. This is done by calculating the sum of
the medio-lateral and antero-posterior force moments of the recorded contacts, and presenting this data
by superimposing the COF marker on the tooth contact data.
The COF is represented on-screen by a red and white diamond in the 2D ForceView. The COF
Trajectory displays the history of the path of the Center of Force from the beginning of the scan to the
current frame, in relation to the COF target. The movement of the COF as the patient closes his/her teeth
together can be tracked by playing a scan one frame at a time with "Center of Force Trajectory" checked
(under the "View" menu). The COF Trajectory is represented on-screen by a colored line that "trails" the
COF marker within the 2D ForceView. Both the COF and COF Trajectory are powerful analysis tools that
can be used to determine the influence of interceptive contacts, estimate the stability of a closure, and
track the trajectory of an excursive movement.
Center of Force Trajectories with Multi-Bite Scans
When viewing a Multi-bite Scans, each bite will have its own unique Center of Force Trajectory, and you
will view this trajectory in isolation from all other (previous) bites. The Trajectories are also displayed with
different colors for each subsequent bite. As the Scan progresses forward, the Trajectory for the first bite
is displayed in red, then the Trajectory for the second bite is displayed in blue, the third is displayed in
green, and so on.

If you wish to see all the Trajectories in a single frame, you can do so by advancing to the end of the
Scan. On the last frame of the Scan, all Trajectories are shown simultaneously. In this way, you can view
the Trajectories alone as the Scan progresses along the Timeline, or all at once at the very end of the
Scan.
In the image at left, the Scan is progressing through the first bite (as seen in the
graph below the Arch). The COF Trajectory is marked in red. In the second image in
the middle, the Scan is progressing through the second bite. The COF Trajectory is
marked in blue. In the third image at right, the Scan is progressing thorugh the third
bite. The COF Trajectory is marked in green.
In the above image above left, you can see all the COF Trajectories for all bites
within the Multi-bite Scan simultaneously. This view can be seen when the Timeline
is at the end (final frame) of the Scan (shown above right).

How the Center of Force is Calculated
The location of the Center of Force marker is determined by calculating the sum of the medio-lateral
force moment of the tooth contacts about the mid-sagittal axis, and the mean of the left and right
leverage arms in relation to the incisive
plane, according to the following formulas:
Left-Right Moment = Sum (contact force x
contact distance right) - (contact force x
contact distance left) and is displayed in
Newton-millimeters (N-mm).
The anterior-posterior location of the COF
marker is found by calculating the left lever
and right lever statistics from the incisal plane
as follows:
Left Lever = Sum (force at contact x distance from the incisal plane) / Sum (left contacts), displayed in
millimeters.
Similarly the right lever is calculated, and the mean of the left and right leverage arms gives the average
anterior-posterior distance of the marker from the incisive plane, which is described by the following
formula:
Mean L-R lever = Right lever + Left lever / 2
These statistics allow the practitioner to identify the location of the Center of Force for any bite
automatically by selecting the COF option from the View menu.
Center of Force Target
The COF marker is shown in relation to a dual elliptical target, which represents the ideal location of the
center of force for any maximum intercuspation closure, and acts as a guide with respect to a normal
occlusion. The inner ellipse shows the area within which the COF of 68% of a normal population is found,
and the outer ellipse shows the area within which the COF of 95% of a normal population is found.
The COF target is displayed on-screen by two "target" circles and a crosshair to denote the center
"target."
The relationship between the Center of Force marker and target is not intended to be an absolute
measure of normal occlusion, but to serve as a guide for the dentist to compare the patient’s occlusion to
that of a group of normal subjects.
The rationale for the center of force target came from the work of Maness et al, who described the mean
location of the distribution of occlusal contacts in maximum intercuspation; and from Mizui, et al, who
quantified occlusal force in the intercuspal position (see Appendix. Background for COF Analysis).

Rationale for Center of Force Target
The rationale for the COF target came from the work of Maness, et al, who described the mean location
of the distribution of occlusal contacts in maximum intercuspation; and from Mizui, et al, who quantified
occlusal force in the intercuspal position. Both investigators described a left-right balance of occlusal
contacts about the mid-sagittal plane with the center of the COF target located approximately in the
region representing the mesial aspect of the first molar. Maness, et al, identified the anterior-posterior
center of the distribution of contacts in maximum intercuspation as 28 mm. distal to the incisal plane and
Mizui, et al found the center at approximately 34 mm. The mean of these measures, 31 mm., represents
the center of the target on the mid-sagittal plane and is used as an approximation of the ideal location of
the Center of Force in a normal subject.
The size of the target is taken from the standard deviation of the anterior-posterior and medio-lateral
measure of the distribution of occlusal contacts described by Maness, and is 7.65 mm. and 6.48 mm.,
respectively. These dimensions describe an ellipse with a radius represented by two standard deviations,
which describes 68% and 95% of normal subjects. The center of the target lies approximately 31
millimeters distal from the incisal plane. This is the location of the Center of Force target and is used as
an approximation of the ideal location of the center of force in a normal subject.
It must be emphasized that this analysis is provided to the dentist as an estimate of normal and the
dentist must determine the significance of the data in relation to other pertinent facts.
Footnotes:
Article #30 - Maness, W.L., Podoloff, R.: Distribution of Occlusal Contacts in Maximum Intercuspation,
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, August 1989, Vol. 62, No. 2,pp 238 - 242.
Article #32 - Mizui, M., Nabeshima, F., Tosa, J., Tanaka, M., Kawazoe, T.: Quantitative Analysis of
Occlusal Balance in Intercuspal Position Using the T-Scan System, The International Journal of
Prosthodontics, 1994 Vol. 7, No. 1, pp 62-71.
Timing Pane
The Timing Pane allows you to view the measurements of the bite timing (shown below left), as well as
each individual tooth’s timing (Tooth Selection -- shown below middle), and the Force Outliers (shown
below right). The Timing Pane has a direct relation to what you are viewing in the Graph below. Whereas
the graph displays the visual lines, the timing provides the numerical values or measurements. The two;
however, are providing the same data.
The Timing Pane toggle button allows you to show or hide the Timing Pane on-screen. By default, the
Pane is hidden. The visibility of the Pane is remembered even after you exit and reopen the program. For
instance, if you make the Pane visible, then close and reopen the program, the Pane remains visible.

Following are the three tabs associated with the Timing Pane.
Timing Table Tab
To view the patient's total occlusal bite timing, ensure the Timing Table is displayed (above left). This
should be the default position. In this position, you can view the following:
• Line: the A, B, C, and D lines. These lines are used to mark two separate sets of positions
(frames) of the scan. The A-B Increment/Differential lines can be used to denote the start and end
of the Occlusion Time (OT-A and OT-B) and the C-D Increment/Differential lines can be used to
denote the start and end of the Disclusion Time (DT-C and DT-D). Refer to the Occlusion &
Disclusion Time section for more information.
• Time: The time at which these Occlusion and Disclusion lines occur in the patient's bite, from the
start of the scan.
• Force %: The force exerted on the sensor at these Occlusion and Disclusion points, as it relates
to the scan's overall force (as a percentage).
• Differentials: The time differential from Line A to B (Occlusion) and C to D (Disclusion).
You may also see indicator icons next to each of the Lines. This shows:
• Green checkmark: The green checkmark indicates that OT or DT is within an acceptable, user-
defined range.
• Yellow caution indicator: The yellow caution sign indicates that OT or DT is on the borderline of
an acceptable, user-defined range.
• Red warning indicator: The red warning sign indicates that OT or DT is not within an
acceptable, user-defined range.

Tooth Selection Tab
To view the patient's individual tooth timing, ensure the Tooth Selection tab is displayed. Select the
tooth you wish to view. You will notice that each tooth has its own color. As soon as a tooth is selected,
the 2D ForceView updates to show the corresponding tooth color outline surrounding the embrasure
lines on that specific tooth, and the Timing of the tooth is displayed in the graph using a graph line of the
same color. Using this same method, you can select multiple teeth to view multiple tooth force and timing
within the Graph. In this way, you can also compare teeth together in the same Graph. To remove a
tooth, click it once again to deselect it. It will also be removed from the Graph.
Force Outliers Tab
The Force Outliers are individual tooth contacts with much higher relative force than others during
closure; or an entire tooth with very low force at maximum area (MA). To view the Force Outliers, ensure
the Force Outliers tab is pressed. As soon as you do this, you will notice that the 2D ForceView updates
to show the corresponding tooth color outline surrounding the embrasure lines on any teeth considered
to have Force Outliers. These teeth are also displayed in the Graph so you can instantly see their force
and timing. In this way, you can also compare these teeth together in the same Graph. For more
information, refer to the Force Outliers section.
Graph
The Graph displays the force versus time for the patient's overall bite, individual teeth, or Force Outliers.
Each graph line is color coded to provide an easy visual reference to areas of the Arch Model or
individual teeth.
Timeline
A thick grey line acts as a time indicator, and this can be moved to any location within the graph, allowing
you to jump to any point in time during the patient's bite, and view the force at that time. The 2D and 3D
ForceView also updates dynamically, depending on where the time indicator is located. Alternately, you
can click at any point within the graph to have the time indicator jump to that cursor point.
As with the A, B, C, and D lines, when selecting the Time indicator the cursor will change to a "hand"
icon. Clicking with the hand icon changes the cursor to a double-sided arrow. You can then drag the line
to the new position and let go of the mouse.
A-B (Occlusion) and C-D (Disclusion) Lines
The A, B, C, and D lines are used to mark two separate sets of positions (frames) of the scan. The A-B
Increment/Differential lines can be used to denote the start and end of the Occlusion Time (OT-A and
OT-B) and the C-D Increment/Differential lines can be used to denote the start and end of the Disclusion
Time (DT-C and DT-D). The A and D lines are based on Relative Force (maximum scan force), while the
B and C lines are based on tooth position, or Center of Force Trajectory (COF Trajectory).
When a scan is taken, the computer calculates the OT and DT for the scan. This is the "Computer
Default Display" for the A-B and C-D lines. The majority of the time, this default will be correct; however,
this may not always be the case. As different patients may have different conditions, the computer may
not always find the optimal settings for Occlusion and Disclusion times. In this case, you may wish to
move the lines into a more appropriate position. When selecting any of the A, B, C, or D lines, the cursor
will change to a "hand" icon. Clicking with the hand icon changes the cursor to a double-sided arrow.
Drag the line to the new position and let go of the mouse.

Following are some rules to keep in mind when working with the A, B, C, and D lines:
• The A/B/C/D lines work in a very different way from the main Time Line. The A/B lines and C/D
lines work in distinct pairs. Both A and B lines can never go beyond the C or D lines. Put another
way, the Occlusion start and end times (A and B) cannot be placed after the Disclusion Times (C
and D). If you attempt to move the A or B line beyond C or D, the A or B line will bounce back
and be placed at a point before (to the left of) the C or D line on the graph. The reverse of this
rule is also true. You cannot move the C and D lines (Disclusion Time) before the A and B lines
(Occlusion Time).
• When speaking of a single pair of lines (for example the A and B lines), the A line can never go
beyond the B line. Put another way, the Occlusion start time (A line) cannot come after the
Occlusion end time (B line). When moving the A line past the B line, both A and B lines are
switched (A becomes B and B becomes A). The same is true for the C and D line pair (noting
Disclusion Time). The C line cannot cross past the D line, and if this is attempted, the lines are
switched. In the same way, moving the B line before the A line, or the C line before the D line will
also switch the lettering for the line pair. What's important to remember here is that these lines all
stand for Occlusion and Disclusion start and end times, and these lines occur in a logical
sequence of events.
A, B, C, and D Line Calculations
• A Line: The A line is placed >1% of Maximum Scan Force. Default is 1% of Maximum Scan
Force.
• B Line: The B line is found before Maximum Intercuspation. First the range of motion for the
Center of Force Trajectory is determined. Center of Force Trajectory begins at 10% of Maximum
Scan Force (total relative force for the scan), and ends when it reaches the "Resting Point" or
Maximum Intercuspation. This resting place equals 100% of the Center of Force Trajectory range
(where the B line is concerned). The B line is then placed at the 95% point along this range (or
5% prior to Maximum Intercuspation). Default is 5% of Center of Force Trajectory motion.
• C Line: The C line is found after Maximum Intercuspation. It can be thought of as the opposite to
the B line. First the range of motion for the Center of Force Trajectory is determined, as it moves
away from Maximum Intercuspation.. 0% is when the Center of Force Trajectory is at Maximum
Intercuspation and exiting. 100% of Center of Force Trajectory is when the Center of Force
Trajectory is at 10% of Maximum Scan Force as it exits (the ending point for the Center of Force
Trajectory). Once this range is determined, the C line is then placed at the 5% point along this
range (or 5% away from Maximum Intercuspation). Default is 5% of Center of Force Trajectory
motion.
• D Line: The D line is placed at the point when Relative Force on the Posterior area of the arch
equals zero (when there is no force on the posterior teeth). The posterior area of the arch is
determined as posterior to tooth numbers 5 and 11 (when using the Universal Numbering
System) or greater than row 13 on the sensor. Note that this calculation is not tied to the position
of the posterior line on the 2D ForceView. It is worth noting, however, that the default position for
the Anterior/Posterior Line corresponds with the D Line calculation inasmuch as it crosses the
arch plane at tooth numbers 5 and 11 (greater than row 13 on the sensor). If the
Anterior/Posterior line is not moved from this default position, it can act as a guide to indicate
where the D line is placed (and where Disclusion ends). When you see no more contacts in the
posterior quadrants of the scan, this is where the D line is placed in the graph. The default for the
D line is 0% of Maximum Scan Force.
Refer to the Occlusion & Disclusion Time section for more information.

Graph Zoom & Graph Reset
Using the Zoom magnifying glass icon, you can select a region of the Graph and zoom into that location.
To do this, first click on the magnifying glass icon. Your cursor will change to a crosshair. Click and drag
to select a square region of the graph. The graph will zoom into that region. To reset the Graph back to
its full view, press the reset icon located below the magnifying glass icon.
Graph Zoom icon: Allows you to zoom
into a specific region of the Graph
Graph Reset icon: Resets the Graph to
the default full-view.
In the image above left, the Graph Zoom icon was selected, and a region is being
outlined. The image above right shows the resultant Graph for this region.
When viewing the patient's overall bite, a black line maps the whole bite (Total Force), the green line
maps the left side of the arch, and a red line maps the right side of the arch.
The Total Force is relative. When a scan is taken, the software determines the point at which highest
force was achieved and this is measured to be 100% of the total force. This measurement is then used
for the Total Force line. On the other hand, the left and right lines are absolute, measuring the absolute
force at any point during the scan. For this reason, you will often see the Total Force line lower than the
left or right side force lines (as in the graph image below).
Graph displaying the Arch Model force vs. time for the patient's overall bite.
If you select View > Arch in Quadrants, the left (green) and right (red) side of the patient's bite are
replaced by four quadrant lines that outline the patient's left anterior (dark blue), left posterior (light blue),
right anterior (dark red), and right posterior (light red) quadrants.
Graph displaying the Arch Model force vs. time for the patient's overall bite,
mapped in quadrants.
To view the individual tooth force and timing within the graph, select them from the Occlusal Time Table
(Tooth Selection tab -- discussed previously).

Graph displaying individual tooth force vs. time for five teeth (9, 10, 11, 12, and 13)
from the left side of the same patient shown previously.
When you select individual teeth, a Sigma symbol is displayed in the bottom right corner of the graph
(outlined in red below). This icon is used as a toggle switch to show teeth forces relative to each other
(as shown in the graph above – when the Sigma icon is disabled or "off"), or to display teeth forces
relative to the Total Scan Force Line (as shown in the graph below -- when the Sigma icon is enabled or
"on"). When enabled, The Total Scan Force Line is displayed in black (also seen below).
To view the teeth with Force Outliers within the graph, select them from the Occlusal Time Table (Force
Outliers tab -- discussed previously). Note that when an Outlier is clicked in the Occlusal Timing Table,
the Timeline of the graph (and the Scan as a whole) moves to the point where the Outlier occurs. In this
way, you can better and more immediately assess what caused the condition for the Outlier.
Graph displaying the Force Outliers for teeth numbers 11, 12, and 15 (force vs.
time) of the same patient above.
There are two options available if you right-click over the Graph view:
Copy allows you to copy the Graph as an image that can be pasted into
other programs, such as Microsoft Word or Excel, for example. Reset
A/B/C/D Lines allows you to reset the position of these lines to their
default, in the event you have moved them to a new location within the
Graph.
Graphs and Timing Settings
There are a few graph options available under the Edit > User Settings dialog that allow you to show /
hide elements of the graph and calculate the timing of the Occlusion and Disclusion. You can show or
hide the "Total Force" Curve (black curve when viewing the arch), the A / B Lines (Occlusion), or the C /
D Lines (Disclusion).
Pressing the Timing Settings button opens the "Timing Settings" dialog (shown below right). There are
two sliders for the Occlusal Time Range and two sliders for the Disclusal Time Range. Adjusting these
sliders allows you to set the range for the Occlusal and Disclusal algorithm that the software uses to
calculate the timing in the graph.

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