Software Quality Attributes are the benchmarks that describe system’s intended behavior. These slides go through an overview of what some of these attributes are and how to evaluate them.
The quality of software systems may be expressed as a collection of Software Quality Attributes. When the system requirements are defined, it is essential also to define what is expected regarding these quality attributes, since these expectations will guide the planning of the system architecture and design.
Software quality attributes may be classified into two main categories: static and dynamic. Static quality attributes are the ones that reflect the system’s structure and organization. Examples of static attributes are coupling, cohesion, complexity, maintainability and extensibility. Dynamic attributes are the ones that reflect the behavior of the system during its execution. Examples of dynamic attributes are memory usage, latency, throughput, scalability, robustness and fault-tolerance.
Following the definitions of expectations regarding the quality attributes, it is essential to devise ways to measure them and verify that the implemented system satisfies the requirements. Some static attributes may be measured through static code analysis tools, while others require effective design and code reviews. The measuring and verification of dynamic attributes requires the usage of special non-functional testing tools such as profilers and simulators.
In this talk I will discuss the main Software Quality attributes, both static and dynamic, examples of requirements, and practical guidelines on how to measure and verify these attributes.
Quality Attributes In Software Architecture & Design PatternsGatte Ravindranath
Quality Attributes Topic from Software Architecture $ Design patterns in the relation to software product or any engineering architecture development process needs required by an architect.
This document discusses software quality assurance (SQA). It defines SQA as a planned set of activities to provide confidence that software meets requirements and specifications. The document outlines important software quality factors like correctness, reliability, and maintainability. It describes SQA objectives in development and maintenance. Key principles of SQA involve understanding the development process, requirements, and how to measure conformance. Typical SQA activities include validation, verification, defect prevention and detection, and metrics. SQA can occur at different levels like testing, validation, and certification.
This document discusses functional and non-functional requirements. Functional requirements describe the behavior of a system and support user goals, while non-functional requirements describe how the system works and make it more usable. Functional requirements should include data descriptions, screen operations, workflows, and access controls. Non-functional requirements should cover usability, reliability, performance, and supportability. Non-functional requirements are further classified into categories like process, delivery, implementation, and external constraints.
Software testing is an important phase of the software development process that evaluates the functionality and quality of a software application. It involves executing a program or system with the intent of finding errors. Some key points:
- Software testing is needed to identify defects, ensure customer satisfaction, and deliver high quality products with lower maintenance costs.
- It is important for different stakeholders like developers, testers, managers, and end users to work together throughout the testing process.
- There are various types of testing like unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and different methodologies like manual and automated testing. Proper documentation is also important.
- Testing helps improve the overall quality of software but can never prove that there
What is Quality ||
Software Quality Metrics ||
Types of Software Quality Metrics ||
Three groups of Software Quality Metrics ||
Customer Satisfaction Metrics ||
Tools used for Quality Metrics/Measurements ||
PERT and CPM ||
This document discusses software quality assurance. It defines software quality and describes two types - quality of design and quality of conformance. It discusses quality concepts at the organizational, project, and process levels. It also describes software reviews, their types and purposes. Software quality assurance aims to establish organizational procedures and standards to achieve high quality software. Key SQA activities include applying technical methods, reviews, testing, enforcing standards and measurement.
System testing involves testing the entire integrated software system to evaluate whether it meets its required specifications. This includes recovery testing to ensure the system can recover from failures, security testing to check protection mechanisms against unauthorized access, stress testing to evaluate performance under abnormal stressful situations, and performance testing to determine if the system meets non-functional requirements for runtime performance.
The quality of software systems may be expressed as a collection of Software Quality Attributes. When the system requirements are defined, it is essential also to define what is expected regarding these quality attributes, since these expectations will guide the planning of the system architecture and design.
Software quality attributes may be classified into two main categories: static and dynamic. Static quality attributes are the ones that reflect the system’s structure and organization. Examples of static attributes are coupling, cohesion, complexity, maintainability and extensibility. Dynamic attributes are the ones that reflect the behavior of the system during its execution. Examples of dynamic attributes are memory usage, latency, throughput, scalability, robustness and fault-tolerance.
Following the definitions of expectations regarding the quality attributes, it is essential to devise ways to measure them and verify that the implemented system satisfies the requirements. Some static attributes may be measured through static code analysis tools, while others require effective design and code reviews. The measuring and verification of dynamic attributes requires the usage of special non-functional testing tools such as profilers and simulators.
In this talk I will discuss the main Software Quality attributes, both static and dynamic, examples of requirements, and practical guidelines on how to measure and verify these attributes.
Quality Attributes In Software Architecture & Design PatternsGatte Ravindranath
Quality Attributes Topic from Software Architecture $ Design patterns in the relation to software product or any engineering architecture development process needs required by an architect.
This document discusses software quality assurance (SQA). It defines SQA as a planned set of activities to provide confidence that software meets requirements and specifications. The document outlines important software quality factors like correctness, reliability, and maintainability. It describes SQA objectives in development and maintenance. Key principles of SQA involve understanding the development process, requirements, and how to measure conformance. Typical SQA activities include validation, verification, defect prevention and detection, and metrics. SQA can occur at different levels like testing, validation, and certification.
This document discusses functional and non-functional requirements. Functional requirements describe the behavior of a system and support user goals, while non-functional requirements describe how the system works and make it more usable. Functional requirements should include data descriptions, screen operations, workflows, and access controls. Non-functional requirements should cover usability, reliability, performance, and supportability. Non-functional requirements are further classified into categories like process, delivery, implementation, and external constraints.
Software testing is an important phase of the software development process that evaluates the functionality and quality of a software application. It involves executing a program or system with the intent of finding errors. Some key points:
- Software testing is needed to identify defects, ensure customer satisfaction, and deliver high quality products with lower maintenance costs.
- It is important for different stakeholders like developers, testers, managers, and end users to work together throughout the testing process.
- There are various types of testing like unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and different methodologies like manual and automated testing. Proper documentation is also important.
- Testing helps improve the overall quality of software but can never prove that there
What is Quality ||
Software Quality Metrics ||
Types of Software Quality Metrics ||
Three groups of Software Quality Metrics ||
Customer Satisfaction Metrics ||
Tools used for Quality Metrics/Measurements ||
PERT and CPM ||
This document discusses software quality assurance. It defines software quality and describes two types - quality of design and quality of conformance. It discusses quality concepts at the organizational, project, and process levels. It also describes software reviews, their types and purposes. Software quality assurance aims to establish organizational procedures and standards to achieve high quality software. Key SQA activities include applying technical methods, reviews, testing, enforcing standards and measurement.
System testing involves testing the entire integrated software system to evaluate whether it meets its required specifications. This includes recovery testing to ensure the system can recover from failures, security testing to check protection mechanisms against unauthorized access, stress testing to evaluate performance under abnormal stressful situations, and performance testing to determine if the system meets non-functional requirements for runtime performance.
This document provides an overview of software configuration management (SCM). It defines SCM as a way to manage evolving software by controlling changes to configuration items. The key activities of SCM include identifying configuration items, establishing baselines, controlling changes through a change management process, and auditing changes. Roles in SCM include developers who implement changes and a configuration management team that manages the SCM process.
The document discusses requirements analysis and specification in software engineering. It defines what requirements are and explains the typical activities involved - requirements gathering, analysis, and specification. The importance of documenting requirements in a Software Requirements Specification (SRS) document is explained. Key sections of an SRS like stakeholders, types of requirements (functional and non-functional), and examples are covered. Special attention is given to requirements for critical systems and importance of non-functional requirements.
Software Engineering- Requirement Elicitation and SpecificationNishu Rastogi
The document discusses the process of requirements engineering for software development. It involves four main steps:
1) Feasibility study to determine if the project is possible.
2) Requirements gathering by communicating with clients and users to understand what the software should do.
3) Creating a software requirements specification (SRS) document that defines system functions and constraints.
4) Validating requirements to ensure they are clear, consistent, and can be implemented.
Quality, quality concepts
Software Quality Assurance
Software Reviews
Formal Technical Reviews
SQA Group Plan
ISO 9000, 9001
Example
Internal and external attributes
Objectives:
1. To understand the different processes in the realm of ‘Requirements Engineering’.
2. To see the challenges in requirements development and the importance of getting requirements right in an IT project.
3. To understand the different techniques used in different phases and processes of requirements development and management.
The document discusses software architecture design. It defines software architecture as the structure of components, relationships between components, and properties of components. An architectural design model can be applied to other systems and represents predictable ways to describe architecture. The architecture represents a system and enables analysis of effectiveness in meeting requirements and reducing risks. Key aspects of architectural design include communication between stakeholders, controlling complexity, consistency, reducing risks, and enabling reuse. Common architectural styles discussed include data-centered, data flow, call-and-return, object-oriented, and layered architectures.
CASE tools and their effects on software qualityUtkarsh Agarwal
CASE tools can significantly improve software quality by automating tasks, reducing errors, and standardizing development processes. They provide functionality for data modeling, code generation, refactoring, documentation and more. While some aspects like requirements gathering require human input, overall CASE tools improve design, catch issues early, and allow developers to focus on other important work. Proper use of modeling languages and automation can dramatically enhance software quality across all stages of development.
SQA activities involve formulating quality plans, applying software engineering techniques, conducting reviews, implementing multi-tiered testing, enforcing process adherence, controlling changes, measuring change impact, performing audits, and keeping records. The key goals are to evaluate software quality, monitor adherence to standards and procedures throughout the development lifecycle, and ensure quality is maintained.
In software engineering and software architecture design, design decisions address architecturally significant requirements; they are perceived as hard to make and/or costly to change. It is called also architecture strategies and tactics.
Maintenance involves keeping software or assets in working condition. There are four main types of maintenance: corrective, adaptive, preventive, and perfective. Maintenance is needed to fix problems, adapt to new environments, prevent issues, and improve performance. While necessary, maintenance is costly due to the work required to modify existing software. Efforts like designing for change and documentation can help reduce these costs. Overall, maintenance plays a critical role in maximizing the usefulness of software over its lifetime.
This document discusses various software engineering concepts related to software design. It begins by outlining basic design principles and the software design process, which involves three levels: interface design, architectural design, and detailed design. It then covers topics like modularization, coupling and cohesion, function-oriented design using tools like data flow diagrams and structure charts, software measurement and metrics including function point analysis and cyclomatic complexity, and concludes with Halstead's software science for measuring program length and volume.
The document discusses agile software development methods. It covers topics like agile methods, techniques, and project management. Agile development aims to rapidly develop and deliver working software through iterative processes, customer collaboration, and responding to changing requirements. Extreme programming (XP) is an influential agile method that uses practices like test-driven development, pair programming, frequent refactoring, and user stories for requirements specification. The key principles of agile methods are also outlined.
The document discusses software quality assurance (SQA) and defines key terms related to quality. It describes SQA as encompassing quality management, software engineering processes, formal reviews, testing strategies, documentation control, and compliance with standards. Specific SQA activities mentioned include developing an SQA plan, participating in process development, auditing work products, and ensuring deviations are addressed. The document also discusses software reviews, inspections, reliability, and the reliability specification process.
The term process model is used in various contexts. For example, in business process modeling the enterprise process model is often referred to as the business process model.
Quality attributes in software architectureHimanshu
The document discusses software quality attributes and how they relate to software architecture. It defines quality attributes as factors that affect runtime behavior, system design, and user experience. It outlines common quality attributes including design qualities, runtime qualities, system qualities, and more. For each category, it provides examples of specific attributes like reliability, performance, usability, and maintainability. It includes diagrams to illustrate how quality attributes are defined in scenarios and how they can be measured. The document aims to explain how architecture should support and enable achieving various quality goals.
The document outlines the software requirements engineering process, which includes gathering requirements from stakeholders, documenting them in a software requirements specification (SRS), and validating the requirements. It discusses the different types of requirements like functional, non-functional, and domain requirements. It also describes various techniques used for eliciting requirements, such as interviews, surveys, questionnaires, task analysis, domain analysis, brainstorming, and prototyping.
This document provides an overview of software configuration management (SCM). SCM is an umbrella activity that manages changes to software deliverables throughout the development process. It identifies work products that may change, establishes relationships between them, defines version control mechanisms, controls changes, and audits and reports on changes made. The key aspects of SCM covered are baselines, the SCM process, software configuration items, version control, change control, configuration auditing, and status reporting.
This document discusses software quality factors and McCall's quality factor model. It describes McCall's three main quality factor categories: product operation factors, product revision factors, and product transition factors. Under product operation factors, it outlines reliability, correctness, integrity, efficiency, and usability requirements. It then discusses product revision factors of maintainability, flexibility, and testability. Finally, it covers product transition factors including portability, reusability, and interoperability. The document provides details on the specific requirements for each quality factor.
The document discusses various topics related to software quality assurance including:
1) It defines key terms like correctness, reliability, testing, failure, error, fault, debugging, verification, and validation.
2) It describes the differences between quality assurance (focusing on processes) and quality control (focusing on products), and lists some common quality assurance/control activities like testing, inspections, and reviews.
3) It provides an overview of a software development lifecycle including requirements, planning, design, coding, testing phases.
The document discusses the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), including its objectives, common phases and models. The key models described are waterfall, prototyping, spiral, RAD and agile. Waterfall is the classical sequential model but is inflexible. Prototyping and spiral address changing requirements through iterative cycles. RAD focuses on rapid development through reuse, workshops and early user testing. Agile methods emphasize speed, reduced formal processes and adaptability. The conclusion recommends RAD for mashup projects due to its support for iterative requirements changes and modular development.
Non-functional requirements specify system quality attributes such as performance, security, business considerations, configuration, operations, and enhancement capabilities. Performance attributes include efficiency, throughput, and scalability. Security attributes include security, privacy, and accountability. Business attributes include cost, adaptability, extensibility, and replaceability. Configuration attributes include configurability, integrability, portability, and deployability. Operations attributes include availability, fault tolerance, maintainability, monitorability, and alerting. Enhancement attributes include understandability, analyzability, and learnability.
System testing evaluates a complete integrated system to determine if it meets specified requirements. It tests both functional and non-functional requirements. Functional requirements include business rules, transactions, authentication, and external interfaces. Non-functional requirements include performance, reliability, security, and usability. There are different types of system testing, including black box testing which tests functionality without knowledge of internal structure, white box testing which tests internal structures, and gray box testing which is a combination. Input, installation, graphical user interface, and regression testing are examples of different types of system testing.
This document provides an overview of software configuration management (SCM). It defines SCM as a way to manage evolving software by controlling changes to configuration items. The key activities of SCM include identifying configuration items, establishing baselines, controlling changes through a change management process, and auditing changes. Roles in SCM include developers who implement changes and a configuration management team that manages the SCM process.
The document discusses requirements analysis and specification in software engineering. It defines what requirements are and explains the typical activities involved - requirements gathering, analysis, and specification. The importance of documenting requirements in a Software Requirements Specification (SRS) document is explained. Key sections of an SRS like stakeholders, types of requirements (functional and non-functional), and examples are covered. Special attention is given to requirements for critical systems and importance of non-functional requirements.
Software Engineering- Requirement Elicitation and SpecificationNishu Rastogi
The document discusses the process of requirements engineering for software development. It involves four main steps:
1) Feasibility study to determine if the project is possible.
2) Requirements gathering by communicating with clients and users to understand what the software should do.
3) Creating a software requirements specification (SRS) document that defines system functions and constraints.
4) Validating requirements to ensure they are clear, consistent, and can be implemented.
Quality, quality concepts
Software Quality Assurance
Software Reviews
Formal Technical Reviews
SQA Group Plan
ISO 9000, 9001
Example
Internal and external attributes
Objectives:
1. To understand the different processes in the realm of ‘Requirements Engineering’.
2. To see the challenges in requirements development and the importance of getting requirements right in an IT project.
3. To understand the different techniques used in different phases and processes of requirements development and management.
The document discusses software architecture design. It defines software architecture as the structure of components, relationships between components, and properties of components. An architectural design model can be applied to other systems and represents predictable ways to describe architecture. The architecture represents a system and enables analysis of effectiveness in meeting requirements and reducing risks. Key aspects of architectural design include communication between stakeholders, controlling complexity, consistency, reducing risks, and enabling reuse. Common architectural styles discussed include data-centered, data flow, call-and-return, object-oriented, and layered architectures.
CASE tools and their effects on software qualityUtkarsh Agarwal
CASE tools can significantly improve software quality by automating tasks, reducing errors, and standardizing development processes. They provide functionality for data modeling, code generation, refactoring, documentation and more. While some aspects like requirements gathering require human input, overall CASE tools improve design, catch issues early, and allow developers to focus on other important work. Proper use of modeling languages and automation can dramatically enhance software quality across all stages of development.
SQA activities involve formulating quality plans, applying software engineering techniques, conducting reviews, implementing multi-tiered testing, enforcing process adherence, controlling changes, measuring change impact, performing audits, and keeping records. The key goals are to evaluate software quality, monitor adherence to standards and procedures throughout the development lifecycle, and ensure quality is maintained.
In software engineering and software architecture design, design decisions address architecturally significant requirements; they are perceived as hard to make and/or costly to change. It is called also architecture strategies and tactics.
Maintenance involves keeping software or assets in working condition. There are four main types of maintenance: corrective, adaptive, preventive, and perfective. Maintenance is needed to fix problems, adapt to new environments, prevent issues, and improve performance. While necessary, maintenance is costly due to the work required to modify existing software. Efforts like designing for change and documentation can help reduce these costs. Overall, maintenance plays a critical role in maximizing the usefulness of software over its lifetime.
This document discusses various software engineering concepts related to software design. It begins by outlining basic design principles and the software design process, which involves three levels: interface design, architectural design, and detailed design. It then covers topics like modularization, coupling and cohesion, function-oriented design using tools like data flow diagrams and structure charts, software measurement and metrics including function point analysis and cyclomatic complexity, and concludes with Halstead's software science for measuring program length and volume.
The document discusses agile software development methods. It covers topics like agile methods, techniques, and project management. Agile development aims to rapidly develop and deliver working software through iterative processes, customer collaboration, and responding to changing requirements. Extreme programming (XP) is an influential agile method that uses practices like test-driven development, pair programming, frequent refactoring, and user stories for requirements specification. The key principles of agile methods are also outlined.
The document discusses software quality assurance (SQA) and defines key terms related to quality. It describes SQA as encompassing quality management, software engineering processes, formal reviews, testing strategies, documentation control, and compliance with standards. Specific SQA activities mentioned include developing an SQA plan, participating in process development, auditing work products, and ensuring deviations are addressed. The document also discusses software reviews, inspections, reliability, and the reliability specification process.
The term process model is used in various contexts. For example, in business process modeling the enterprise process model is often referred to as the business process model.
Quality attributes in software architectureHimanshu
The document discusses software quality attributes and how they relate to software architecture. It defines quality attributes as factors that affect runtime behavior, system design, and user experience. It outlines common quality attributes including design qualities, runtime qualities, system qualities, and more. For each category, it provides examples of specific attributes like reliability, performance, usability, and maintainability. It includes diagrams to illustrate how quality attributes are defined in scenarios and how they can be measured. The document aims to explain how architecture should support and enable achieving various quality goals.
The document outlines the software requirements engineering process, which includes gathering requirements from stakeholders, documenting them in a software requirements specification (SRS), and validating the requirements. It discusses the different types of requirements like functional, non-functional, and domain requirements. It also describes various techniques used for eliciting requirements, such as interviews, surveys, questionnaires, task analysis, domain analysis, brainstorming, and prototyping.
This document provides an overview of software configuration management (SCM). SCM is an umbrella activity that manages changes to software deliverables throughout the development process. It identifies work products that may change, establishes relationships between them, defines version control mechanisms, controls changes, and audits and reports on changes made. The key aspects of SCM covered are baselines, the SCM process, software configuration items, version control, change control, configuration auditing, and status reporting.
This document discusses software quality factors and McCall's quality factor model. It describes McCall's three main quality factor categories: product operation factors, product revision factors, and product transition factors. Under product operation factors, it outlines reliability, correctness, integrity, efficiency, and usability requirements. It then discusses product revision factors of maintainability, flexibility, and testability. Finally, it covers product transition factors including portability, reusability, and interoperability. The document provides details on the specific requirements for each quality factor.
The document discusses various topics related to software quality assurance including:
1) It defines key terms like correctness, reliability, testing, failure, error, fault, debugging, verification, and validation.
2) It describes the differences between quality assurance (focusing on processes) and quality control (focusing on products), and lists some common quality assurance/control activities like testing, inspections, and reviews.
3) It provides an overview of a software development lifecycle including requirements, planning, design, coding, testing phases.
The document discusses the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), including its objectives, common phases and models. The key models described are waterfall, prototyping, spiral, RAD and agile. Waterfall is the classical sequential model but is inflexible. Prototyping and spiral address changing requirements through iterative cycles. RAD focuses on rapid development through reuse, workshops and early user testing. Agile methods emphasize speed, reduced formal processes and adaptability. The conclusion recommends RAD for mashup projects due to its support for iterative requirements changes and modular development.
Non-functional requirements specify system quality attributes such as performance, security, business considerations, configuration, operations, and enhancement capabilities. Performance attributes include efficiency, throughput, and scalability. Security attributes include security, privacy, and accountability. Business attributes include cost, adaptability, extensibility, and replaceability. Configuration attributes include configurability, integrability, portability, and deployability. Operations attributes include availability, fault tolerance, maintainability, monitorability, and alerting. Enhancement attributes include understandability, analyzability, and learnability.
System testing evaluates a complete integrated system to determine if it meets specified requirements. It tests both functional and non-functional requirements. Functional requirements include business rules, transactions, authentication, and external interfaces. Non-functional requirements include performance, reliability, security, and usability. There are different types of system testing, including black box testing which tests functionality without knowledge of internal structure, white box testing which tests internal structures, and gray box testing which is a combination. Input, installation, graphical user interface, and regression testing are examples of different types of system testing.
Software Architecture and Design IntroductionUsman Khan
The document discusses software architecture and design. It defines software architecture as describing a system's major components, their relationships, and how they interact. Software design provides a plan for how system elements fit and work together. An important role of architecture is to identify requirements that affect structure and reduce risks. Quality attributes, both static and dynamic, are important non-functional properties like maintainability, performance, and security. Architects must consider these attributes and deliver solutions that technical teams can implement.
Reliability is a measure of how well a system performs its intended function under stated conditions for a specified period of time. It is dependent on factors like the operational profile, fault consequences, and perceived by different users. Various metrics can be used to measure reliability including probability of failure-free operation, mean time between failures, and availability. Reliability models help predict how reliability changes as faults are removed through testing, but no single model is universally applicable.
The document discusses requirements engineering for software systems. It introduces concepts like user requirements, system requirements, functional requirements and non-functional requirements. It explains the process of requirements analysis and specification. Requirements can be organized in a requirements document and must be specified precisely to avoid ambiguity. Both functional and non-functional requirements are important to define the key aspects of the system.
The most important characteristics that comprise the software qualit.pdfannapurnnatextailes
The most important characteristics that comprise the software quality are:
• Functionality
• Reliability
• Usability
• Efficiency
• Maintainability
• Portability
Functionality:
Functionality is the essential characteristic of any product or the service that refers to the
specification of the functions of the software and to the correctness of the functions. As the
system does not typically function in isolation, it helps the system to interact with the other
components. This relates to the unauthorized access to the software functions.
Reliability:
This characteristic concerns the frequency of failure of the software and has the capacity of
software to withstand and recover from components or environment and failure. It is also capable
of bringing back the failed system to the full operation, including data and network connections.
Usability:
It is used to determine the simplicity of the systems function, relate the user models to computer
interaction methods and has the ability of software to be easily operated by the user.
Efficiency:
This characteristic is concerned with the system resources used when providing the required
functionality. The amount of disk space, memory, network etc provides a good indication of this
characteristic.
Maintainability:
This characteristic has the ability to identify the root cause of a failure within the software, the
amount of effort to change a system and the effort needed to test the system changes.
Portability:
The ability of the system to change to new specifications or operating environments.
To achieve the software of high quality it is necessary to understand the ways how the software
system fails. The challenges are:
Solution
The most important characteristics that comprise the software quality are:
• Functionality
• Reliability
• Usability
• Efficiency
• Maintainability
• Portability
Functionality:
Functionality is the essential characteristic of any product or the service that refers to the
specification of the functions of the software and to the correctness of the functions. As the
system does not typically function in isolation, it helps the system to interact with the other
components. This relates to the unauthorized access to the software functions.
Reliability:
This characteristic concerns the frequency of failure of the software and has the capacity of
software to withstand and recover from components or environment and failure. It is also capable
of bringing back the failed system to the full operation, including data and network connections.
Usability:
It is used to determine the simplicity of the systems function, relate the user models to computer
interaction methods and has the ability of software to be easily operated by the user.
Efficiency:
This characteristic is concerned with the system resources used when providing the required
functionality. The amount of disk space, memory, network etc provides a good indication of this
characteristic.
Maintainability:
This characteristic has .
A socio-technical system is a system that includes both technical components like hardware and software as well as human and organizational elements. Socio-technical systems exhibit emergent properties that depend on the relationships between components and how the system operates within an organizational context. The design and evolution of socio-technical systems involves multiple disciplines working together using systems engineering processes to define requirements, design system architecture, develop subsystems, integrate the overall system, and support ongoing operation and maintenance.
1. A socio-technical system includes technical components like hardware and software as well as people and organizational processes. It has emergent properties that depend on the relationships between components and cannot be understood by examining individual parts alone.
2. Systems engineering involves specifying, designing, developing, and testing socio-technical systems through processes like requirements definition, system design, sub-system development, and integration. It must account for human and organizational factors.
3. Legacy systems refer to existing socio-technical systems that are crucial but use outdated technology. They constrain business processes and are costly to maintain.
This document outlines the syllabus for a course on Software Engineering and Project Management. It discusses various software development process models including the waterfall model, incremental process models, evolutionary process models, and agile development approaches. Specific models covered include the unified process, extreme programming, and scrum methodology. The document provides details on each model's phases and approach to software development. It also discusses topics like critical systems, system dependability, and reliability.
Need for System Analysis
Stages in System Analysis
Structured SAD and tools :
DFD
Context Diagram
Decision Table
Structured Diagram.
System Development Models:
Water Flow
Prototype
Spiral
RAD
Roles and responsibilities of
System Analyst,
Database Administrator
Database Designer
The document discusses software requirements including functional and non-functional requirements, user requirements, system requirements, and the software requirements document. It describes the requirement engineering process, types of requirements, and issues with requirements. It also provides details on how to specify and document requirements.
The document discusses software engineering requirements analysis and specification. It covers topics like software requirements types (functional and non-functional), requirement engineering process, feasibility studies, requirements elicitation and analysis. The requirement engineering process involves activities like requirements discovery, analysis, specification, validation and management. It also discusses preparing a software requirements document that defines system specifications.
The document summarizes a tutorial on requirements engineering for dependable systems. It discusses the nature of dependability and requirements, how to develop requirements, important quality factors for requirements, and common pitfalls. Dependability refers to the trustworthiness of a system to deliver its services and must be defined in the system specification. There are different types of requirements, including behavioral, quality, programmatic, and implementation requirements. Behavioral requirements specify the externally visible functions of a system. Quality requirements relate to attributes like maintainability. Programmatic requirements address contractual aspects of development. Implementation requirements constrain the design space.
Document defect tracking for improving product quality and productivitych_tabitha7
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How to choose the best IT infrastructure monitoring tool for your businessDevLabs Global
Infrastructure monitoring refers to a set of practices, tools, and technologies used to monitor and manage the performance, availability, and health of an organization’s IT infrastructure. It involves the continuous monitoring of various components within an infrastructure, such as servers, networks, databases, applications, and other critical systems. A typical IT infrastructure monitoring tools offers a range of features and functionalities to ensure the smooth operation and optimal performance of an organization’s IT systems.
Platform Observability “is when you infer the internal state of a system only by observing the data it generates, such as logs, metrics, and traces”. When observability is implemented well, a system will not require operations teams to spend much effort on understanding its internal state.
The document discusses various types of non-functional testing including performance, reliability, maintainability, availability, recovery, usability, configuration, and security testing. It provides definitions and examples of how to test each type of non-functional requirement. Performance testing aims to evaluate how well a system performs under different loads, and involves measuring response times, throughput, and resource utilization. Non-functional requirements are as important as functional requirements in building quality software.
This document provides an overview of software design and architecture topics including quality attributes, scenarios, and specific attributes like availability, modifiability, performance, security, testability, and usability. It discusses how quality attributes are considered during design, implementation, and deployment phases and how architecture impacts many non-functional qualities. General scenarios are presented for various quality attributes.
The document discusses quality attributes of embedded systems. There are two types of attributes: operational and non-operational. Operational attributes relate to how the system functions and includes response, throughput, reliability, and maintainability. Response measures how fast the system tracks inputs. Throughput measures production efficiency. Reliability measures how often the system works properly. Maintainability measures support for issues and maintenance. Non-operational attributes do not relate to function and includes testability, debug-ability, evolvability, and portability. Testability measures how easily a system can be tested. Debug-ability measures how issues can be identified. Evolvability measures how easily a system can be modified with new technologies. Portability measures
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System Quality Attributes for Software Architecture
1. F U N C T I O N A L / N O N F U N C T I O N A L R E Q U I R E M E N T S A N D
S O F T W A R E A R C H I T E C T U R E M E A S U R E O F T E A M
E M P H A S I S O N T R A D E O F F D E C I S I O N S
A D N A N M A S O O D
S R . S O F T W A R E A R C H I T E C T & D O C T O R A L C A N D I D A T E
B L O G . A D N A N M A S O O D . C O M
A D N A N . M A S O O D @ O W A S P . O R G
System Quality Attributes
about software engineering
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architecture software
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2. Definition
“Software Quality Attributes are the benchmarks that
describe system’s intended behavior within the
environment for which it was built. The quality
attributes provide the means for measuring the
fitness and suitability of a product. Software
architecture has a profound affect on most qualities
in one way or another, and software quality
attributes affect architecture.”
3. Functional Requirements
In general, functional requirements define what a
system is supposed to do
usually in the form of "system shall do <requirement>“
Functional requirements define specific behavior or
functions.
The plan for implementing functional requirements
is detailed in the system design.
4. Non-Functional Requirements
Non-functional requirements define how a system is
supposed to be.
Non-functional requirements specify criteria that
can be used to judge the operation of a
system, rather than specific behaviors.
The plan for implementing non-functional
requirements is detailed in the system
architecture.
5. System Quality Attributes
Non-functional requirements specify system
quality attributes.
Other terms for non-functional requirements are:
Constraints
Quality attributes
Quality goals
Quality-of-service (QoS) requirements
Non-behavioral requirements
Informally, these are known as the “-ilities"
6. System Quality Attributes
Business Perspective
Suitability: Functionality is suitable to all end users
Compliance: Functionality is compliant with applicable regulatory
guideline
Certifiability: System is able to be certified to some standard by an
independent third party
• Conformance: Conformance to industry and operational
standards
Accessibility: The user interface can be accessed and utilized by differently
abled users
Adaptability: Ability to change the system components to meet
new business needs
Extensibility & Modifiability: Ability to easily add new features
and customizations
Replaceability: Ability to replace system in the future
Reporting: The system supports generating various reports
7. System Quality Attributes
Security Perspective
Security: System is secure:
confidentiality, integrity, availability, accountability and
assurance
Privacy: System does not reveal (or allow revealing) of
information to improper parties
Non-exploitability: The system, its components, and its
configurations are hardened against known and
unknown security vulnerabilities
Accountability: The system records all user interactions
and data changes
Auditability: The system makes accountability
information available to managers and operators
8. System Quality Attributes
Performance Perspective
Efficiency: System does not waste valuable resources
Performance: Perceived response is immediate
Scalability: Able to handle increased usage on the
appropriate amount of resources, able to add resources
quickly and easily to handle increases in demand
Responsiveness: The system responds to interactions
with minimal delay and/or latency
Capacity: The system can handle sudden peaks and
surges in demand
Throughput: The system can handle a specified number
of interactions or transactions within a specified duration
without undesirable degradation in terms of other
qualities
9. System Quality Attributes
Configuration Perspective
Configurability: Ease of making configuration changes
Integrity: The system, its configuration, and its data
cannot be changed by unauthorized
parties(including accidental or deliberate
misconfiguration)
• Deployability: Ease of
installation, reinstallation, and updating
Portability: System supports changes in choice of
underlying technologies and architectures (such as
database platform, operating system platform, etc.)
Interoperability & Compatibility: Functionality
interoperates with other systems easily
10. System Quality Attributes
Operations Perspective
Availability & Fault Tolerance: System continues operating properly in the event of failure by
one or more of its components
Isolation: System survives and gracefully handles situations in which dependent “downstream”
systems become unavailable
Continuity: System recovers from failures in surrounding environment
Disaster Recoverability: The system, its data, and its configuration can be completely and
quickly recovered from backups and configuration management repositories, even in the event
of a catastrophic loss of a data center
Operability: System can readily be kept in a functioning and operating
condition by manual or automated means
• Maintainability: System upgrades can quickly and safely be performed with a
minimum of downtime
• Monitorability: Ability for operators to easily see how the system is operating
• Alerting: The system notifies operators of faults and exceptional conditions
• Maturity: System components are proven stable by others
• Stability and Reliability: The system exhibits infrequent failures
11. System Quality Attributes
Data Perspective
Durability: The system does not lose critical operational data, whether “in-
flight” or “at-rest”
Reversibility: Undesirable system and data changes can be reversed quickly
and easily with minimal disruption to the business
Cacheability: The data is structured with appropriate separation of volatile
(changing) and non-volatile data to support caching
Archivability: Older data can be relocated to separate data stores
Partitionability: The system supports splitting like-kind data across
multiple databases (for scalability, risk mitigation, etc.)
Idempotency: Interactions performed twice result in same change as if
performed once
Concurrency: The system supports a high degree of simultaneous
interactions with the database without degrading in performance or
sacrificing data integrity (ex: optimistic locking, snapshot isolation)
Backup : The database and message queues support being backed up
without the system being taken offline
12. System Quality Attributes
Diagnostics Perspective
Supportability: System operators can quickly and easily
identify faults and perform root cause analysis within an
environment of controlled access to information and
restricted privileges
Instrumentability: System is capable of recording various
operational metrics that can be analyzed and reported
on
Traceability: System can be configured to record its own
interactions with itself in order to aid support personnel
in diagnosing problems
• Logging: The system logs external and
interactions with configurable degrees of detail
13. System Quality Attributes
Enhancement Perspective
Analyzability: Ability to figure out how the
system functions
Documentability: Ability to communicate
about the system in writing
Understandability: Able to use system with little
training
Learnability: Supports learning of system functionality
with little external interfacing
• Testability: Ability to create repeatable and
specific tests of the system and potential for
some to be automated
14. Software Quality Attributes Ratings Tool
http://www.gettingagile.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/softwarequalityattributes-ratingtool.xls OR
http://bit.ly/1aIPeU1
15. References
Getting Agile
http://www.gettingagile.com/2009/05/17/survey-for-
software-quality-attributes-where-should-we-focus/
MSDN – Quality Attributes
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee658094.aspx
Implementing System Quality Attributes
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb402962.aspx
Operational Aspects of a System – ACM Queue
http://queue.acm.org/blogposting.cfm?id=56822
about software engineering
about software industry
architect software
architecture software
architecture software programs
design and software
design and user experience
design for user experience
design user experience
enterprise architect
enterprise architects
enterprise it architect
it quality assurance
management quality system
program quality
quality assurance
quality assurance for software
quality assurance in software
quality assurance software
quality in software
quality program
quality software
quality system
quality systems management
requirements software
software architect
software architect software
software architects
software architectural
software architecture software
software business
software development cycle
software engineering
software engineering by
software for quality assurance
software for software engineering
software metrics
software quality
software quality assurance
software quality assurance software
system architect
systems quality
systems quality management