This Slide includes: #. Meaning of System Development Life Cycle Process of SDLC 1. System Planning, 2. System Analysis, 3. System Design and Development, 4. System Implementation, 5. System Operation and Support Types or Models of SDLC 1. Waterfall Model 1.1. Process of Waterfall Model 1.2. Advantages and Disadvantages of Waterfall Model 2. Spiral Model 2.1. Process of Spiral Method 2.2. Spiral Model For System Development 2.3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Spiral Model

1. BY:
YADAV PRASAI
YAMUNA RAYAMAJHI
YOUG MAYA GURUNG
UTTAR TAMANG
SUYASHA SIWAKOTI
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2. Meaning of System Development
Life Cycle(SDLC)
 According to Dennis, Wixom, and Tegarden(2009),
”SDLC is the process of understanding how an
information system can support business needs by
designing a system, building it, and delivering it to
users.”(p.2)
 SDLC is a systematic method for organizations to
successfully implement change.
 A systematic strategy for large scale development
projects.
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3. Process of SDLC
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4. System Planning
Do a feasibility study and look at options
Do a project plan
Review project requests
Prioritize project requests
Allocate resources
Identify project development team
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5. System Analysis
Analyze by breaking down into parts(diagram)
Conduct preliminary investigation
Perform detailed analysis activities:
 Study current system
 Determine user requirements
 Recommend solution
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6. System Design and Development
Decide if the system will be created in house or outside.
Identify how will it operate and how it will be used by end
users.
Re examine the feasibility study done in analysis phase
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7. System Implementation
System is built purchased and tested
Training is implemented to end users.
A technical support plan is put into place.
Convert to new system
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8. System Operation and Support
Conduct post-implementation system review
Identify errors and enhancements
Monitor system performance
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9. 1. Waterfall Model 2. Spiral model
Waterfall Model:
 First published model of the SDLC
 The waterfall Model is a linear sequential flow.
 The waterfall approach does not define the process to
go back to the previous
phase to handle changes in requirement

10. Waterfall Model:
 First published model of the SDLC
The waterfall Model is a linear sequential flow.
 The waterfall approach does not define the
process to go back to the previous phase to
handle changes in requirement

11. Process of Waterfall
Model:
Requirement
Definition
System and Software
Design
Implementation and
unit testing
Integration and
System Checking
I
Operation

12. Process of waterfall model
Requirements analysis and definitions:
 Goals and constrains are established
 Defined in-details and serve as a system
System and software design:
 Partition of hardware and software
 Establishes overall system architecture
Implementation and unit testing:
 Realized as a set of programs
 Verify the unit
Integration and system testing:
 Programs are integrated and tested
 Software system is delivered
Operation and maintenance:
 System is installed and put into practical use

13. Advantages and Disadvantages Of Waterfall
Model
Advantages Disadvantages
 Easy to explain to the users.
 Structures approach.
 Stages and activities are well
defined.
 Helps to plan and schedule the
project
 Assumes that the requirements
of a system can be frozen.
 Very difficult to go back to any
stage after it finished.
 A little flexibility and adjusting
scope is difficult and expensive.

14. Spiral Model:
 Proposed by Boohm (1988).
 Combination of both design and prototyping-in-stage.
 It is like a waterfall model, in essentially the same order,
separated by planning, risk assessment, and the building
of prototypes and simulations.

15. Process of Spiral Method:

16. Spiral Model For System
Development
Determine objective ,alternatives and constraints:
 Project are defined
 Product are identified and detailed arrangement plan is drawn
up
 Risk are identified alternative strategies
Evaluate alternatives, identify and resolve risk:
 Risk assessment and reduction for each of the identified
project risk.
 System are developed
Development and validation after risk evaluation:
 Development model is chosen for system
Plan next phases:
 Decision made and plans are drawn

17. Advantages and disadvantages of
Spiral model
Advantages
Disadvantages
 Provides checkpoints.
 Early involvement of
developers.
 Manages risks and develops the
system into phases.
 High cost and time to reach the
final product.
 Needs special skills to evaluate
the risks and assumptions.
 Highly customized limiting re-
usability

18. Thank
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