This document discusses pharmaceutical syrups. It defines syrup as a single-phase liquid dosage form made of concentrated aqueous preparations of sugar with flavorings and active ingredients. It describes the main components of syrups including sweeteners, preservatives, thickeners, flavors, and solvents. Various types and methods of preparation are outlined. Factors to be considered in formulation like dissolving sugars and blending ingredients are also highlighted. Problems with conventional processing and how high shear mixing can help are noted. Advantages and disadvantages of the syrup dosage form are provided.

1. MOST CONVENIENT DOSAGE
FORM
PHARMACEUTICAL
SYRUP

2. 12203058 Mst. Annita Amin
12203061 Ferdous Alam (Papry)
12203082 Md.Ahsanul Haque Chowdhury
12203089 Sadia Rahman
12203103 Md. Mahade Hashan
GROUP MEMBERS

3. It is a liquid dosage form existing in single phase
which is made of concentrated aqueous
preparations of 85% sugar or sugar substitute with
or without flavoring agents and medicinal
substances in a homogenous mixture.
WHAT IS SYRUP

4. Aromatic Or Medicinal syrups
Adjuvant syrup
Extractive drugs Chemical
TYPES OF SYRUP

5. Syrups contain the following components:
 Sweetening Agent
 Antimicrobial Preservatives
 Viscosity Modifier
 Flavoring Agent
 Colorants
OTHERS
 Solvents
 Solubilizing Agents,
 Thickeners or Stabilizers.
COMPONENTS OF SYRUP

6. Pharmaceutical syrups are produced by mixing
purified water, sweeteners, active ingredients (API),
aromas, flavors and other ingredients (thickeners) etc.
PREPARATION OF SYRUP

7. There are four methods. Based on the physical and
chemical properties of the ingredients;the method is
selected-
 Solution with heat
 Agitation without heat
 Addition of sucrose to liquid medicament
 Percolation method
METHODS OF PREPARATION

8. Formulation

9. The manufacturing process must achieve the
following factors:
 Dissolving of the sugars to form a syrup
 Hydration of powdered ingredients
 Blending ingredients of widely different
viscosity
 Suspension or dissolving of active ingredients
 The end product must be smooth, agglomerate-free
and homogeneous.
FACTORS TO BE TAKEN INTO
CONSIDERATION

10. Using conventional mixers and agitators for this
process leads to several potential problems:
 Conventional agitators cannot dissolve high
concentrations of sugars at ambient temperature.
Heating of the mixture will be required to aid
solution. This is energy inefficient.
The cooling process after this further adds to costs
and process time.
Crystallization of the syrup can occur during
heating/cooling.
Active ingredients can be damaged by heat.
problems

11. solution
These problems can be overcome by using a Silverson
High Shear mixer. It has a few advantages. They
are:
A Silverson high shear mixer can produce 66%
sucrose syrup at ambient temperature.
 Consistent product quality and repeatability is
obtained.
 An agglomerate free mixture is produced

12.  Appropriate for any patient, whatever the age is
 The most natural and easiest route of
administration
 Economical and safe to the patient
 No nursing is required, which means the patient
can take it with no help
 The liquid dosage form is expected for certain
types of products like cough medicines
ADVANTAGES OF SYRUP

13.  Delayed onset of action because absorption takes
time
 Not suitable in emergency and for unconscious
patients
 Not convenient for a patient with a gastrointestinal
disorder such as diarrhea, constipation, ulceration,
and hyperacidity in stomach
 Can’t avoid first pass metabolism
DISADVANTAGES OF SYRUP

14. Syrup, as a pharmaceutical product requires safe, secure and
tamper-proof handling while packaging. Packaging of syrups
needs to ensure complete protection from contamination and
microbial growth. Our inevitable packaging support assures the
safe and secure packaging of syrups so as to ensure their
extended shelf life.
The general processes are:
 Filling
 Sealing
 Capping
 Coding & labeling
 Wrapping
Packaging of Syrup

15. Flow chart for Oral liquid packaging
Bottle washing Filling Cap sealing Inspection Turn table
Outer labeling Inkjet print Checking Cap printing Labeling
Checking & Stacking

16. The ideal container should be:
 Strong enough to protect the contents against
crushing during handling & transport.
 Convenient to use in order to promote good
patient compliance (i.e. encourage the patient).
 Easy to open & close.
 Sufficiently transparent to allow for inspection of
the contents in the case of liquid preparations.

17. Brand Name Company Active Ingredient Therapeutic Class Use Dose and Dosages
Ambrox Square Pharmaceutical Ltd. Ambroxol Hydrochloride Cough & Cold Remedies Productive cough, Acute and chronic inflammatory disorders
of upper and lower respiratory tracts associated with viscid
mucus including acute and chronic bronchitis
2 -5 years old - 2.5 ml, 2-3 times a
day, 5 - 10 years old - 5 ml, 2-3
times a day, 10 years old and adults
- 10 ml, 3 times a day.
Brofex Square Pharmaceutical Ltd. Dextromethorphan Cough & Cold Remedies Chronic dry cough/unproductive cough & acute dry cough
which is interfering with normal function or sleep.
Adults mg 3-4. Children between 6-
12: 5-15 mg up to 4 times per day.
Children between 2 to 6: 2.5-5 mg 4
times per day.
Tusca Square Pharmaceutical Ltd. Guaiphenesin+
Pseudoephedrine +
Triprolidine HCl
Cough & Cold Remedies Symptomatic relief of upper respiratory tract disorders
accompanied by productive cough.
Adults: 2 teaspoonful Children: Over
12 years: 2 teaspoonful 3. 6-12
years: 1 teaspoonful. 2-6 years: 1/2
tspn 3 times a day.
DuolaxTM Square Pharmaceutical Ltd. Magnesium Hydroxide &
Liquid Paraffin
Laxative Constipation, Hyperacidity with constipation, Anorectal
disorder.
Adults and over12 5-30 ml daily,
Children over 7 7.5 ml - 15 ml daily,
Children over 3-7 5-10 ml
Unilin® Opsonin Pharma Ltd. Theophylline sodium glycinate Antiasthmatics Theophylline is used in reversible airflow obstruction
associated with chronic asthma.
Adult- 1/2 -1, 6-12 years- 1-11/2
tspn, >12 years- 2-4 every 6 hours
after meal.
Purilin® Opsonin Pharma Ltd. Levosalbutamol Sulphate Antiasthmatics Levosalbutamol is indicated for the treatment and
prevention of bronchospasm in adults, adolescents.
Children aged 6-11 years:5 ml
Adults and Above 12 yrs 10 ml three
times daily.
XINC Eskayef Bangladesh Ltd. Zinc sulfate monohydrate Vitamins & Minerals Oral zinc therapy is indicated in zinc deficiency and/or zinc
loosing conditions.
Child under 10 kg: 22.5 mg
Child between 10-30 kg:22.5 mg 1-3
times.
Adults and child over 30 kg: 45 mg
1-3 times daily.
SOLVITONE Eskayef Bangladesh Ltd Vitamin B-complex Vitamins & Minerals Prevention and treatment of vitamin B-complex deficiency
states. It may be used in pregnancy, Lactation and in other
conditions where B-vitamin supplementation is useful.
Adults & Children: 1-2 teaspoonfuls
thrice daily.
Infants: 1 teaspoonful daily or as
recommended by the physician.
Kofen Opsonin Pharma Ltd. Ketotifen Fumarate Antiasthmatics It is effective in prophylaxis of bronchial asthma, allergic
rhinitis and conjunctivitis.
Adult: 1-2 mg two times daily with
food. Child: Over 2 years of age, 1
mg two times daily with food.
Pulmolin Opsonin Pharma Ltd. Salbutamol Sulphate Antiasthmatics Acute and chronic bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis,
bronchospasm, reversible airways obstruction.
Adults: 5 ml 3-4 times daily;
maximum single dose 8 ml.
Children: 2-6, 1-2 ml 3-4 times daily.
Some SYRUPS PRESENT IN MARKET

18. I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to our course instructor Ms. Irin
Dewan, who provided us with the opportunity to do this project on “Syrups” which made us
do a lot of research and we came to know a lot about many new things, and acquired
knowledge which we otherwise might not have gained. We are really thankful to her".