This document provides 73 slides summarizing aspects of Syrian history from the late 1800s to the early 1900s. It covers topics like daily life in Syria under Ottoman rule, the establishment of the Hejaz Railway, the Arab Revolt against the Ottomans during WWI, the rule of King Faysal I of Syria from 1918-1920, and the subsequent French Mandate over Syria. The slides include photos of people, places, and events during this pivotal period in early 20th century Syrian history.
La guerra civil siria comenzó en 2011 cuando los sirios se levantaron en protestas contra el gobierno, el cual respondió con violencia. Esto llevó a que sectores del ejército y la sociedad civil se unieran a los grupos rebeldes para derrocar al presidente Bashar al-Assad. Las Naciones Unidas han confirmado el uso de armas químicas en al menos cinco ocasiones, aunque no ha identificado a los responsables. Mientras tanto, la guerra se ha vuelto más compleja con la participación de grupos extremistas como Al
This document provides background information on Syria. It discusses Syria's population, languages spoken, and the Assad family's decades-long rule over Syria through a military dictatorship with no political or religious freedoms. In 2011, anti-government protests erupted in Syria inspired by the Arab Spring, leading to a violent crackdown and civil war that has continued for years and caused over 220,000 deaths. As the conflict drags on, the extremist group ISIS has gained control of territory in Syria, exacerbating the crisis, though most Syrians still hope for an end to the violence and their country to remain united.
Akhir masa pemerintahan khalifah ali bin abi thalibNSS Slide
Konflik antara Khalifah Ali bin Abi Thalib dan Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan diselesaikan melalui tahkim namun Ali kalah. Ini menyebabkan kelompok yang mendukung Ali terpecah dan muncul kelompok Khawarij yang menentang Ali dan Muawiyah. Pemerintahan Ali melemah akibat pemberontakan sementara Muawiyah semakin kuat dukungannya sehingga akhirnya memerintah Suriah.
The document summarizes the key parties in the ongoing Syrian civil war. It outlines that the war began in 2011 as popular protests against President Bashar al-Assad and Ba'ath party rule. It then describes the main factions supporting the Syrian government and opposition forces.
The document provides an overview of the politics and government of Syria. It discusses the country's semi-presidential republic system which is seen as dictatorial, with power concentrated in President Bashar al-Assad and his family. The ruling Ba'ath Party has dominated politics since seizing power in 1963. Key figures discussed include Assad, Prime Minister Wael Nader al-Hlqi, and Parliament Speaker Mohammed Jihad al-Laham. The legislative and judicial branches are also summarized.
La guerra civil siria comenzó en 2011 cuando los sirios se levantaron en protestas contra el gobierno, el cual respondió con violencia. Esto llevó a que sectores del ejército y la sociedad civil se unieran a los grupos rebeldes para derrocar al presidente Bashar al-Assad. Las Naciones Unidas han confirmado el uso de armas químicas en al menos cinco ocasiones, aunque no ha identificado a los responsables. Mientras tanto, la guerra se ha vuelto más compleja con la participación de grupos extremistas como Al
This document provides background information on Syria. It discusses Syria's population, languages spoken, and the Assad family's decades-long rule over Syria through a military dictatorship with no political or religious freedoms. In 2011, anti-government protests erupted in Syria inspired by the Arab Spring, leading to a violent crackdown and civil war that has continued for years and caused over 220,000 deaths. As the conflict drags on, the extremist group ISIS has gained control of territory in Syria, exacerbating the crisis, though most Syrians still hope for an end to the violence and their country to remain united.
Akhir masa pemerintahan khalifah ali bin abi thalibNSS Slide
Konflik antara Khalifah Ali bin Abi Thalib dan Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan diselesaikan melalui tahkim namun Ali kalah. Ini menyebabkan kelompok yang mendukung Ali terpecah dan muncul kelompok Khawarij yang menentang Ali dan Muawiyah. Pemerintahan Ali melemah akibat pemberontakan sementara Muawiyah semakin kuat dukungannya sehingga akhirnya memerintah Suriah.
The document summarizes the key parties in the ongoing Syrian civil war. It outlines that the war began in 2011 as popular protests against President Bashar al-Assad and Ba'ath party rule. It then describes the main factions supporting the Syrian government and opposition forces.
The document provides an overview of the politics and government of Syria. It discusses the country's semi-presidential republic system which is seen as dictatorial, with power concentrated in President Bashar al-Assad and his family. The ruling Ba'ath Party has dominated politics since seizing power in 1963. Key figures discussed include Assad, Prime Minister Wael Nader al-Hlqi, and Parliament Speaker Mohammed Jihad al-Laham. The legislative and judicial branches are also summarized.
1) Football was introduced to Damascus, Syria in 1910 and became very popular. The first official football match was held in 1919 between a Syrian team and British troops, with the Syrian team winning.
2) Nuri Ibish helped introduce football to Damascus in 1910 and the first Syrian national football team formed in 1947.
3) Along with introducing football, the document provides historical photographs and details on life in Syria under Ottoman rule in the late 19th/early 20th century, the establishment of King Faysal's rule after WW1, and the imposition of the French mandate over Syria in 1920.
Ottoman rule over Syria ended in 1918 and Emir Feisal briefly ruled as King of Syria until 1920 when France took control under a mandate. French rule faced nationalist uprisings and protests for independence which Syria achieved in 1946. However, political instability continued and Hafez al-Assad seized power in 1970, establishing an authoritarian Ba'athist regime that favored the Alawite minority. When Bashar al-Assad succeeded his father in 2000, he initially allowed some reforms but soon returned to the repressive status quo. Anti-government protests in 2011 demanding democratic change and end to emergency law sparked a violent crackdown and eventual civil war as the opposition took up arms.
VCE Business Management powerpoint from BeechworthCatherine Hill
Operations management involves all the activities managers undertake to produce goods and services based on business objectives such as improving efficiency, and it consists of defining operations, setting business and operational objectives, developing strategies around supply chain and technology, and asking questions to understand key concepts like tangibles and intangibles. The relationship between strategic and operational objectives is also examined, noting that objectives only become useful when translated between the two levels.
This document describes a television program on Zee Business and Zee International channels called "atOnePlace.com Presents Property Plus" that aims to educate prospective home buyers in India and internationally about real estate projects. The 13-episode program will feature 3 developers per episode discussing their projects. It will reach over 8 million viewers in India and 13 million internationally. The cost for a developer to participate is Rs. 4,50,000 for a 3-minute segment aired over 3 weeks.
Operations management involves transforming inputs into finished outputs through an organized production process. Key aspects of operations management include production planning and control, determining appropriate production systems based on factors like the product, market size, and resources, managing purchasing and materials, controlling stock levels using techniques like just-in-time production, and ensuring quality at all stages of production. Total quality management aims to involve all employees in continuously improving quality to meet customer needs.
The document provides information about the qualifications, personal qualities, skills, and job scope of a businessman. It notes that there are no rigid qualifications to be a businessman as anyone with a brilliant idea and capital can start a business. Key personal qualities of a businessman include tact, intelligence, courage, vision, imagination, organizing ability, attention to detail, punctuality, consistency, and the ability to be friendly towards employees and customers. Important skills include communication, planning, productivity, creativity, delegation, meeting with clients, and checking day-to-day operations. Income varies according to monthly sales but investing back into the company is important. While no formal education is required, an MBA would be beneficial for business knowledge and typically requires a
This document discusses social and ethical responsibility in business. It defines ethics and differentiates between morality and ethics. It also discusses factors that influence unethical behavior and how to manage ethical dilemmas. Maintaining ethical practices is important for businesses to keep customers, attract new customers, avoid lawsuits, and reduce employee turnover. The document also defines social responsibility and sustainable development, and explains the pyramid of corporate social responsibility which includes economic, legal, ethical and voluntary dimensions.
Este documento presenta la necesidad de un diccionario bilingüe de términos de seguridad y salud ocupacional en inglés y español debido al crecimiento de la población hispana en Oregon. La economía de Oregon depende de industrias como la agricultura y la construcción que emplean a trabajadores con dominio limitado del inglés. El diccionario tiene como objetivo mejorar la comunicación sobre seguridad entre empleadores angloparlantes y trabajadores hispanohablantes. Contiene términos básicos de
This document outlines the course schedule and content for a Business Management and Organization course. The course covers 4 chapters: 1) Business Management and Organization, 2) Objectives, Stakeholders and the External Environment, 3) Organizational Planning and Decision Making, and 4) Growth and the Impact of Globalization. Chapter 4 focuses on how businesses grow, the options for external growth through mergers or acquisitions, the reasons companies pursue globalization, managing change, and key elements to successfully managing change.
Michael confronts Franklin about stealing money from his business. Franklin refuses to return the money, claiming Michael obtained it through murder. Michael argues that successful people do what they must, whether they want to or not. Franklin then threatens Michael's wife and draws a gun. Michael draws a gun from the car as well. Franklin says he needs the money as much as a new life. Gunshots are heard and a body bag is later seen at the bottom of a lake.
Based on the information provided:
- Short-term rates increased to 11%
- Long-term rates remain at 13%
- Temporary current assets remain at $1,000,000
- Permanent current assets remain at $2,000,000
- Fixed assets remain at $1,200,000
- Earnings before interest and taxes remain at $996,000
- Tax rate remains at 40%
With the new short-term rate of 11%, short-term interest expense would be:
Temporary current assets of $1,000,000 at 11% = $110,000
Long-term interest expense and the calculation of earnings after taxes remains the same.
Therefore
Business Management System (BMS) SlidesLarry Saytee
The Business Management System (BMS) is a central portal for managing documents through various stages of approval. It allows users to upload, search, and share documents. Documents can be filtered by properties and status, which includes draft, pending, approved, and rejected. The document approval workflow involves authors publishing major versions to change the status to pending. Approvers are then notified to approve or reject documents via email.
The document discusses key aspects of human resource management including the importance of employees, functions of HR such as recruitment and training, motivation theories and methods, and processes such as identifying job vacancies, conducting interviews, and providing employee training and development. It also covers topics like employee relations, legislation, and industrial actions.
Bulgaria is a historically and culturally rich European country with ancient traditions. It has over 4,000 caves, 37 mountains, and 378 km of coastline. Bulgaria ranks third in Europe for archaeological sites after Greece and Italy. It has over 100 monasteries and was home to important medieval rulers like King Kaloyan who defeated crusaders. Bulgaria also contributed the Cyrillic alphabet and has a diverse landscape and mineral springs, making it a popular tourist destination known for its natural beauty.
An organization is a group of people working towards defined goals and objectives. Organizations typically have functional groupings where staff with similar skills and expertise perform similar jobs, such as marketing, finance, and human resources. There are two main types of organizational structures - hierarchical and flat. Hierarchical structures have many levels of management and narrow spans of control, while flat structures have few levels of management and wider spans of control. The optimal structure depends on factors like the organization's size, technology used, and staff skills.
The document is a letter from the Department of Management Studies at KITS engineering college requesting that reference books for MBA students be provided in the library according to the JNTU syllabus. It lists the recommended books for 6 subjects: 1) Management Theory and Practice 2) Managerial Economics 3) Research Methodology and Statistical Tools 4) Financial Accounting and Analysis 5) Business Law & Regulation 6) Business Environment. A total of 54 books are recommended across the 6 subjects to support MBA students' learning and studies. The letter is addressed to the Principal of KITS engineering college.
Information Security Risks Management Maturity Model (ISRM3)leolemes
This document describes a model called the Risk Management Maturity Model in Information Security (MMGRseg) to assess the maturity level of risk management processes in information security. The MMGRseg model includes three stages of maturity, five maturity levels, forty-three control objectives across six risk management activities, and tools to assess processes and identify improvement areas. A case study applying the MMGRseg model found that most companies could only achieve the initial maturity level, indicating deficiencies and opportunities for strengthening risk management practices. The MMGRseg provides a standardized approach to evaluating risk management processes and guiding organizations towards process improvements.
1) An article erroneously suggested that the dates for the zodiac signs had shifted by a month, causing confusion.
2) The dates are actually unchanged and your sign is still the same, but a 13th constellation called Ophiuchus was introduced.
3) The tilt of the Earth's axis has gradually shifted over thousands of years, causing the sun to be in a different constellation now than in ancient times, but this does not change your astrological sign.
King Faisal ibn Abdul Aziz was the third king of Saudi Arabia. He was born in 1906 in Riyadh and received a religious education as a child before joining his father King Abdul Aziz's military campaigns as a teenager. Faisal gained experience in politics and diplomacy through international visits beginning in 1919. He held several high-level government roles including viceroy of Hejaz, foreign minister, and vice prime minister. In 1964, Faisal became king after deposing his nephew King Saud. As king, Faisal introduced economic, social, and educational reforms while also supporting Arab causes like the Palestinian issue. He was assassinated in 1975 while meeting with foreign dignitaries.
1) Football was introduced to Damascus, Syria in 1910 and became very popular. The first official football match was held in 1919 between a Syrian team and British troops, with the Syrian team winning.
2) Nuri Ibish helped introduce football to Damascus in 1910 and the first Syrian national football team formed in 1947.
3) Along with introducing football, the document provides historical photographs and details on life in Syria under Ottoman rule in the late 19th/early 20th century, the establishment of King Faysal's rule after WW1, and the imposition of the French mandate over Syria in 1920.
Ottoman rule over Syria ended in 1918 and Emir Feisal briefly ruled as King of Syria until 1920 when France took control under a mandate. French rule faced nationalist uprisings and protests for independence which Syria achieved in 1946. However, political instability continued and Hafez al-Assad seized power in 1970, establishing an authoritarian Ba'athist regime that favored the Alawite minority. When Bashar al-Assad succeeded his father in 2000, he initially allowed some reforms but soon returned to the repressive status quo. Anti-government protests in 2011 demanding democratic change and end to emergency law sparked a violent crackdown and eventual civil war as the opposition took up arms.
VCE Business Management powerpoint from BeechworthCatherine Hill
Operations management involves all the activities managers undertake to produce goods and services based on business objectives such as improving efficiency, and it consists of defining operations, setting business and operational objectives, developing strategies around supply chain and technology, and asking questions to understand key concepts like tangibles and intangibles. The relationship between strategic and operational objectives is also examined, noting that objectives only become useful when translated between the two levels.
This document describes a television program on Zee Business and Zee International channels called "atOnePlace.com Presents Property Plus" that aims to educate prospective home buyers in India and internationally about real estate projects. The 13-episode program will feature 3 developers per episode discussing their projects. It will reach over 8 million viewers in India and 13 million internationally. The cost for a developer to participate is Rs. 4,50,000 for a 3-minute segment aired over 3 weeks.
Operations management involves transforming inputs into finished outputs through an organized production process. Key aspects of operations management include production planning and control, determining appropriate production systems based on factors like the product, market size, and resources, managing purchasing and materials, controlling stock levels using techniques like just-in-time production, and ensuring quality at all stages of production. Total quality management aims to involve all employees in continuously improving quality to meet customer needs.
The document provides information about the qualifications, personal qualities, skills, and job scope of a businessman. It notes that there are no rigid qualifications to be a businessman as anyone with a brilliant idea and capital can start a business. Key personal qualities of a businessman include tact, intelligence, courage, vision, imagination, organizing ability, attention to detail, punctuality, consistency, and the ability to be friendly towards employees and customers. Important skills include communication, planning, productivity, creativity, delegation, meeting with clients, and checking day-to-day operations. Income varies according to monthly sales but investing back into the company is important. While no formal education is required, an MBA would be beneficial for business knowledge and typically requires a
This document discusses social and ethical responsibility in business. It defines ethics and differentiates between morality and ethics. It also discusses factors that influence unethical behavior and how to manage ethical dilemmas. Maintaining ethical practices is important for businesses to keep customers, attract new customers, avoid lawsuits, and reduce employee turnover. The document also defines social responsibility and sustainable development, and explains the pyramid of corporate social responsibility which includes economic, legal, ethical and voluntary dimensions.
Este documento presenta la necesidad de un diccionario bilingüe de términos de seguridad y salud ocupacional en inglés y español debido al crecimiento de la población hispana en Oregon. La economía de Oregon depende de industrias como la agricultura y la construcción que emplean a trabajadores con dominio limitado del inglés. El diccionario tiene como objetivo mejorar la comunicación sobre seguridad entre empleadores angloparlantes y trabajadores hispanohablantes. Contiene términos básicos de
This document outlines the course schedule and content for a Business Management and Organization course. The course covers 4 chapters: 1) Business Management and Organization, 2) Objectives, Stakeholders and the External Environment, 3) Organizational Planning and Decision Making, and 4) Growth and the Impact of Globalization. Chapter 4 focuses on how businesses grow, the options for external growth through mergers or acquisitions, the reasons companies pursue globalization, managing change, and key elements to successfully managing change.
Michael confronts Franklin about stealing money from his business. Franklin refuses to return the money, claiming Michael obtained it through murder. Michael argues that successful people do what they must, whether they want to or not. Franklin then threatens Michael's wife and draws a gun. Michael draws a gun from the car as well. Franklin says he needs the money as much as a new life. Gunshots are heard and a body bag is later seen at the bottom of a lake.
Based on the information provided:
- Short-term rates increased to 11%
- Long-term rates remain at 13%
- Temporary current assets remain at $1,000,000
- Permanent current assets remain at $2,000,000
- Fixed assets remain at $1,200,000
- Earnings before interest and taxes remain at $996,000
- Tax rate remains at 40%
With the new short-term rate of 11%, short-term interest expense would be:
Temporary current assets of $1,000,000 at 11% = $110,000
Long-term interest expense and the calculation of earnings after taxes remains the same.
Therefore
Business Management System (BMS) SlidesLarry Saytee
The Business Management System (BMS) is a central portal for managing documents through various stages of approval. It allows users to upload, search, and share documents. Documents can be filtered by properties and status, which includes draft, pending, approved, and rejected. The document approval workflow involves authors publishing major versions to change the status to pending. Approvers are then notified to approve or reject documents via email.
The document discusses key aspects of human resource management including the importance of employees, functions of HR such as recruitment and training, motivation theories and methods, and processes such as identifying job vacancies, conducting interviews, and providing employee training and development. It also covers topics like employee relations, legislation, and industrial actions.
Bulgaria is a historically and culturally rich European country with ancient traditions. It has over 4,000 caves, 37 mountains, and 378 km of coastline. Bulgaria ranks third in Europe for archaeological sites after Greece and Italy. It has over 100 monasteries and was home to important medieval rulers like King Kaloyan who defeated crusaders. Bulgaria also contributed the Cyrillic alphabet and has a diverse landscape and mineral springs, making it a popular tourist destination known for its natural beauty.
An organization is a group of people working towards defined goals and objectives. Organizations typically have functional groupings where staff with similar skills and expertise perform similar jobs, such as marketing, finance, and human resources. There are two main types of organizational structures - hierarchical and flat. Hierarchical structures have many levels of management and narrow spans of control, while flat structures have few levels of management and wider spans of control. The optimal structure depends on factors like the organization's size, technology used, and staff skills.
The document is a letter from the Department of Management Studies at KITS engineering college requesting that reference books for MBA students be provided in the library according to the JNTU syllabus. It lists the recommended books for 6 subjects: 1) Management Theory and Practice 2) Managerial Economics 3) Research Methodology and Statistical Tools 4) Financial Accounting and Analysis 5) Business Law & Regulation 6) Business Environment. A total of 54 books are recommended across the 6 subjects to support MBA students' learning and studies. The letter is addressed to the Principal of KITS engineering college.
Information Security Risks Management Maturity Model (ISRM3)leolemes
This document describes a model called the Risk Management Maturity Model in Information Security (MMGRseg) to assess the maturity level of risk management processes in information security. The MMGRseg model includes three stages of maturity, five maturity levels, forty-three control objectives across six risk management activities, and tools to assess processes and identify improvement areas. A case study applying the MMGRseg model found that most companies could only achieve the initial maturity level, indicating deficiencies and opportunities for strengthening risk management practices. The MMGRseg provides a standardized approach to evaluating risk management processes and guiding organizations towards process improvements.
1) An article erroneously suggested that the dates for the zodiac signs had shifted by a month, causing confusion.
2) The dates are actually unchanged and your sign is still the same, but a 13th constellation called Ophiuchus was introduced.
3) The tilt of the Earth's axis has gradually shifted over thousands of years, causing the sun to be in a different constellation now than in ancient times, but this does not change your astrological sign.
King Faisal ibn Abdul Aziz was the third king of Saudi Arabia. He was born in 1906 in Riyadh and received a religious education as a child before joining his father King Abdul Aziz's military campaigns as a teenager. Faisal gained experience in politics and diplomacy through international visits beginning in 1919. He held several high-level government roles including viceroy of Hejaz, foreign minister, and vice prime minister. In 1964, Faisal became king after deposing his nephew King Saud. As king, Faisal introduced economic, social, and educational reforms while also supporting Arab causes like the Palestinian issue. He was assassinated in 1975 while meeting with foreign dignitaries.
Contributions of Indian Muslims to the Ottoman Caliphate and the Turkish NationKhalid Noor Mohammed
Postgraduate Student in the International Islamic University Malaysia, Noor Mohammed Khalid, presents his findings about the phenomenal sacrifices made by the Muslims of the Indian sub-continent to the Ottoman Caliphate, and the Turkish nation, subsequently. The period covered is from 1874-1924
The Creation of Iraq and Syria - Sunnis, Shiites, Alawites and Kurdsiakovosal
1. Syria and Iraq did not exist as unified states until after World War 1 when the Ottoman Empire collapsed. The British and French divided up the former Ottoman lands and established Iraq and Syria under their influence.
2. When establishing the new states, the British and French did not consider the religious and ethnic divisions between Sunnis, Shias, Kurds, and Alawites. This led to minority groups coming to power in both countries.
3. The current conflict has roots in the tensions between Sunni and Shia groups, as well as aspirations for autonomy among the Kurds. The rise of ISIS aims to establish a Sunni state incorporating parts of Syria and Iraq.
The document summarizes key military campaigns and political developments in the Middle East during and after World War 1. It discusses the Ottoman Empire joining the Central Powers in 1914 and various battles including Gallipoli, Mesopotamia, and Palestine. The Arab Revolt against the Ottomans from 1916-1918 is also mentioned. After the war, the Sykes-Picot agreement divided the Middle East between Britain and France, laying the groundwork for ongoing conflicts. The Balfour Declaration supported a Jewish homeland in Palestine without local consultation, further complicating the region's politics.
Abd al-Rahman al-Mahdi was a leading religious and political figure in Sudan during the colonial era. The document outlines his early life, political career, and leadership qualities. As a leader, he demonstrated courage in confronting the British, took initiative to end a general strike in 1931, maintained integrity which gained him respect, showed enthusiasm for Sudanese independence, and had strong communication skills to build relationships with followers. The presentation examines his life and contributions as an inspiration for aspiring leaders.
Sven Hedin was a Swedish explorer, geographer, and travel writer who conducted four major expeditions to Central Asia between 1893 and 1935. During these expeditions, he mapped and explored vast areas of Central Asia, including locating the sources of major rivers like the Brahmaputra, Indus, and Sutlej. He also mapped the Tarim Basin and Lop Nur lake. Hedin covered over 26,000 kilometers on his first expedition alone, mapping over 10,000 kilometers of previously uncharted areas. His expeditions helped make Central and Inner Asia known in the West. Later in life, Hedin expressed some support for Nazi Germany due to their nationalism, though he disagreed with some of their policies
The document contains a collection of images from India spanning from the 1920s to 1948 that depict various aspects of Indian culture, history and the transition to independence. Some of the images show a maharajah's daughter with a panther, the Grand Trunk Road, nautch girls performing, and Swami Vivekanand at the 1893 Parliament of Religions in Chicago. Others capture moments around the time of independence like the last Viceroy of India lowering the flag and the partition's impact shown through divided libraries and stunned crowds after Gandhi's assassination.
The Thiaroye Massacre occurred in 1944 in Thiaroye, Senegal when French forces massacred French West African troops known as Tirailleurs Sénégalais. The Tirailleurs Sénégalais were West African colonial troops who fought for France in World War I and World War II. In December 1944, after being demobilized from World War II service, the troops were protesting at a demobilization camp in Thiaroye over unpaid wages and benefits. The French forces opened fire on the protesting troops, killing 44 soldiers in what became known as the Thiaroye Massacre. The massacre underscored tensions and broken promises between France and the colonial troops from
The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD led to the rise of new powers, including the Islamic Empire. Islam originated in the 7th century in Arabia, founded by the prophet Muhammad who received revelations that became the Quran. He spread Islam from Mecca to Medina, and after his death the religion continued expanding under successive caliphates. The Umayyad Caliphate established the capital in Damascus and expanded the empire from Persia to Spain. The Abbasid Caliphate moved the capital to Baghdad and some territories became independent. The Ottoman Turks rose to power in the 13th century and conquered the Byzantine Empire, with their empire lasting into the 20th century. Islamic civilization was based
Desmond hansen the enigma of lawrence - journal of historical review volum...RareBooksnRecords
T.E. Lawrence, also known as Lawrence of Arabia, was a British military leader and strategist who helped plan and lead an Arab rebellion against the Ottoman Empire during World War I. However, his efforts were ultimately betrayed by British and French political interests that divided up the Arab territories between them. Lawrence died young in a motorcycle accident that some believe may not have been accidental, given his controversial views and connections. He remains an enigma whose legacy inspired both British and Arab nationalism.
An old & rare pictures of the indian historyAdvika Dwivedi
This document contains a collection of photographs from Indian history ranging from the 1920s to the late 1940s. The photos depict important historical figures and events like Swami Vivekanand at the 1893 Parliament of Religions in Chicago, the last Viceroy of India Lord Mountbatten overseeing Independence Day celebrations in 1947, and crowds mourning the assassination of Gandhi in 1948. Also included are photos showing everyday life in India like British and Indian people socializing, transportation innovations like the first passenger train, and cultural activities such as dancing performances. The photos provide a visual narrative of important political, social, and cultural moments from early Indian history.
An old & rare pictures of the indian historyAdvika Dwivedi
This document provides a collection of photographs from Indian history spanning from the 1920s to the country's independence in 1947. The photos show various aspects of Indian society over this period including royalty, British colonial rule, the development of infrastructure like railroads, important political and religious figures, the partition of India, and Gandhi's assassination. The photographs provide a visual glimpse into events and daily life in India during this transformative period.
Saddam Hussein : The Father of ISIS in Iraqiakovosal
1) In the 1970s, Saddam Hussein and Hafez al-Assad of Syria negotiated an agreement to unite Iraq and Syria, but Saddam feared losing power to Assad. Negotiations continued unsuccessfully.
2) Saddam Hussein rose to power in Iraq in 1979 as a Ba'ath Party member. He faced opposition from the Shi'ite majority in Iraq and used Islamism to counter this threat and unite Sunnis.
3) The networks and Islamist militants supported today in Iraq by Turkey and Gulf Arabs were originally formed and trained under Saddam Hussein.
Mammad Amin Rasulzade was an Azerbaijani statesman and scholar who was the first president of the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan from 1918 to 1920. He received his education in Baku and helped establish early socialist and nationalist political organizations in Azerbaijan. Rasulzade declared Azerbaijan's independence in 1918 and established Baku State University before fleeing into exile after the Sovietization of Azerbaijan in 1920. He spent the rest of his life in exile in various countries, expressing his hope for Azerbaijan's independence, before dying in Turkey in 1955.
HISTORY OF NEWSPAPERS IN SUB-CONTINENT.Mehwish Anwar
The document discusses the history of Urdu journalism in the subcontinent. It details how journalism began with handwritten news sheets under Muslim rule to provide information to rulers. The first printed newspapers appeared in 1780 in English. The first Urdu newspaper, Jam-e-Jahan Numa, was published in 1822 but switched to Persian due to low circulation. Urdu journalism expanded in the 1830s when Urdu became the official language and lithographic printing became more affordable. Important early Urdu newspapers included Delhi Urdu Akhbar and Syed-ul-Akhbar in Delhi as well as Koh-e-Noor in Lahore. Urdu journalism grew out of existing communication systems and
1312 13 Nationalism in Asia and the Middle EastDrew Burks
After World War 1, nationalism grew across Asia and the Middle East as people sought independence from European colonial rule. However, the mandate system gave European powers continued control over former Ottoman lands. Arab groups who aided Allies believed they would gain independence but Britain and France secretly planned to divide the region. Turkish nationalism led to conflict with other ethnic groups and the Armenian genocide. China underwent political turmoil until nationalist and communist groups united but later split. Japanese imperialism and ultranationalism grew through the 1930s.
The Turkish Genocide of the Armenians 1915Peter Hammond
This document summarizes the persecution and genocide of Christians throughout the history of the Ottoman Empire and modern-day Turkey, providing specific examples from the 15th century onwards. It details the massacres of Armenians in the early 20th century, culminating in the genocide of over 1.5 million Armenians in 1915. It also discusses the destruction of Smyrna and massacre of its Greek Christians in 1922, marking the end of Greek civilization in Asia Minor. The document argues this history of violence and persecution has been suppressed and ignored by many Western governments.
Decline Of European Colonial Power And Rise Of Nationalismshannon68
The document discusses the rise of militant nationalism and the corrosion of European colonial power from 1914-1939. It summarizes how World War I diminished the European empires' control over their colonies and global influence. The war shifted perceptions in the colonies and increased nationalist sentiment. Several independence movements emerged in places that had been European colonies, like India, Egypt, and Africa.
This document discusses Armenian-Turkish relations between 1895-1908 and the rise of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) movement in the Ottoman Empire. It questions whether the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) was to blame for souring relations and explores the non-separatist goals of Armenian revolutionary parties. Key figures and groups discussed include the Young Turks, Damad Mahmut Pasha, Prince Sabahattin, Behaeddin Shakir, and the ARF's alliance with the CUP in 1907 which paved the way for the 1908 coup.
1. Syria Pictures and Text by Unknown April 2008 Manual slide-Show 73 Slides
2. A picture of third - class train passengers in Syria in 1908 . This was on the Hejaz Railway connecting Damascus to Medina . The first train had reached Medina coming from Damascus on August 22, 1908.
3. A photograph of an American tourist in Syria in 1870 . The American Flag is hoisted over his caravan.
4. A Jewish family in Damascus, pictured in their ancient Damascene home, in Ottoman Syria in 1901.
5. A poster announcing the arrival of the Syrian Reverend Barakat to preach about Christianity in the United States in 1896 . It reads “A thrilling experience” and adds “the first as of yet the only minister preaching in this country from Damascus . ” The cost of attendance was 20 cents and the ceremony was held in Iowa .
6. Crowds gathered on Victoria Bridge in Damascus in the 1870s . They are picnicking on the banks of the River Barada, probably on a Friday . This bridge was removed in 1925 but the spot is still called Victoria Bridge . It was named after the nearby Victoria Hotel, which was also removed . The hotel was the largest tourist hotel in Syria, owned by Ahmad Izzat al - Abid, the private advisor to the Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamid II . The area seen in the picture is now completely covered in a broad avenue named Shukri al - Quwatli Street
7. A barber shop in old Damascus. This picture was taken in 1900.
8. The Hejaz Railway Station in Damascus during World War I . The station was not build until after 1912 but the Damascus - Medina railroad had been created in 1908 . The Hejaz Station has been designed by the Spanish architect Fernando de Aranda, who combined Western and Oriental elements . The building is still considered one of the most beautiful in Syria
9. The Russian Consul General is given a private tour of the Orontes River in Hama, a town in the Syrian interior, by the Syrian Greek Orthodox clergy of Hama . The picture was taken in Ottoman Syria at the turn of the 20th century . Tsar Nicolas II had strong influence in the Greek Orthodox Church under the Ottoman Empire . He continued to act as its protector until he was toppled by the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917.
11. A Syrian businessman in the United States decides to go back to " Damascus Turkey " after Sultan Abdul Hamid granted the Ottoman citizens a new constitution in 1908 . ( From the collection of Dr . Jean Otrakji)
12. Rushdi al - Shama, the deputy for Damascus in the Ottoman Parliament who was executed for his views on Arabism by Jamal Pasha, the Military Governor of Syria, on May 6, 1916 .
13. Abd al - Hamid al - Zahrawi, an Arab nationalist from Homs, who served as a deputy in the Ottoman Empire and chaired the first Arab Congress in Paris in 1913, calling for reforms in the Arab provinces of the Ottoman Empire . He was executed by Jamal Pasha, the Military Governor of Syria, on May 6, 1916.
14. Rafiq Sallum, a journalist and early advocate of Arab nationalism, who was executed by Jamal Pasha, the Military Governor of Syria, on May 6, 1916 .
15. Shukri al - Asali ( 1868-1916 ) , the editor of al - Qabas newspaper in Damascus . Asali became a deputy in the Ottoman Parliament, and supported the Committee for Union and Progress ( CUP ) when they revolted against Sultan Abdulhamid II in 1908 . He fell out with the CUP, joined al - Fatat, the leading underground movement in Ottoman Syria, and was executed in public in Damascus on May 6, 1916 by Jamal Pasha, the Military Governor of Syria
17. The pioneer journalist Mary Ajamy, a nursing student from AUB, who founded the first women s magazine in Syria in 1910 called al - Arus ( The Bride)
18. Abd al - Rahman Pasha al - Yusuf, a deputy for Damascus in the Ottoman Parliament who led the Muslim pilgrims from Damascus to Mecca every year on the annual pilgrimage . Yusuf was one of the most influential men in Ottoman Syria, due to his wealth and connections in Istanbul, and the religious duties bestowed upon him by Sultan Abdulhamid II .
19. Faris al - Khury, the Christian deputy in the Ottoman Parliament in 1913, who was to become prime minister of Syria in the 1940s and 1950s
20. Faris al - Khury, while serving as deputy in the Ottoman Parliament, was also an instructor at the Syrian Protestant College in Beirut, later renamed the American University of Beirut ( AUB ). He is pictured first from right in the third row, standing with the university faculty before Assembly Hall . Seated in the middle of the first row is AUB founder, Dr Daniel Bliss.
21. Syrian students at Maktab Anbar in 1904 . Anbar was the first school to offer a certified baccalaureate degree in Syria.
25. The coastal city of Lattakia in Ottoman Syria at the turn of the 20th century
26. An imperial envoy reading a royal declaration from Sultan Mohammad Rashad V, calling on the people of Damascus to enlist in the Ottoman Army at the outbreak of World War I in August 1914
30. Soldiers in the Arab Army during the Arab Revolt of 1916-1918 . They are carrying the Arab Flag of the Arab Revolt and pictured in the Arabian Desert
31. Prince Faysal with Colonel T . E . Lawrence , the British Officer who fought with the Arabs against the Ottoman Army during World War I
32. Ottoman troops in Damascus preparing for Prince Faysals meeting with Jamal Pasha, the Military Governor of Syria
33. The USS Pensacola Ship arriving in Syria on January 27, 1919 carrying food and assistance to the starving people of Syria, who were greatly reduced to poverty during World War I . War had ended two month ago, and the ship was sent to the Middle East by the American Committee for Relief in the Near East, with a cargo estimated worth more than 2.500.000 USD
34. Prince Faysal with Chaim Weizmann , President of the World Zionist Organization, on January 3, 1919
35. Prince Faysal in the Arabian Desert, living the life of an outlaw, during the Arab Revolt of 1916-1918
36. The Arab Army of Sharif Husayn entering Damascus on October 1, 1918, declaring the fall of the Ottoman Empire .
40. King Faysal of Syria in Homs in 1919 . From left to right : Mohammad Said Agha al - Fayyad, Taha Pasha al - Hashemi ( Faysal’s military advisor ) , a bodyguard, Omar al - Atasi, Ismail al - Harriri, the tribal head of Hawran, and Tahir al - Atasi, the Mufti of Homs
42. Prince Sa’id al - Jaza’iri, the Damascus - based Algerian notable who took over government affairs when the Ottomans evacuated on September 28, 1918 and stayed in office until the Arab Army entered Damascus on October 1, 1918
43. Prince Said al - Jazairi, the Algerian notable living in Damascus who declared himself ruler in the immediate aftermath of the Turkish evacuation . He ruled Damascus with a group of the city notables from September 26 to October 1, 1918 . He is pictured here before a portrait of his grandfather, Prince Abd al - Qadir al - Jazairi, the Algerian freedom fighter
44. The British Army stationed in Damascus after the fall of the Ottoman Empire in October 1918
45. Prince Faysal and Sir Edmond Allenby , commander of the British Army against the Ottoman Turks, in Damascus on October 1, 1918 . The photos is taken at the gates of Victoria Hotel, the grandest hotel in Damascus, which was closed then destroyed under the French Mandate
46. Prime Minister Rida Pasha al - Rikabi, the first post - Ottoman Prime Minister of Syria . He served as Faysalapos;s Prime Minister from 1918 to 1920, then went on to become the first prime minister of Jordan in 1921 . He nominated himself for president in Syria in 1932 but lost the elections
47. Faris al - Khury, the Minister of Finance in the cabinet of Prime Minister Rida al - Rikabi ( 1918-1920) ).
48. Rida al - Sulh, the Minister of Interior in the cabinet of Prime Minister Rida al - Rikabi ( 1918-1920 ). His son Riyad al - Sulh became Prime Minister of Lebanon in the 1940s
49. Sati al - Husari ( 1882-1968 ) , the Minister of Education in the cabinet of Prime Minister Rida al - Rikabi ( 1918-1920 ). Husari introduced the modern concept of Arab nationalism into the Syrian curriculum, which is still in place until today, nearly 90 years later
50. Prince Faysal in full military uniform, attending the graduation of high school students at Maktab Anbar in Damascus in 1919 .
51. Mohammad Kurd Ali ( 1876-1952 ) , founder and first president of the Arab Language Assemblage in 1919
52. Mohammad Kurd Ali with founders of the Arab Language Assemblage in 1919 . Front row ( left to right ): Abd al - Qadir Mubarak, Saleem Anhouri, Sulayman al - Joukhadar, Mohammad Kurd Ali, Abd al - Qadir al - Mughrabi, Anees Sallum, unidentified . Back row ( from left to right ): Murshed Khater, Arif al - Nakadi, three unidentified men, Faris al - Khury, Asaad al - Hakim, Elias Qudsi, Issa Iskandar Maaluf
53. Hashim al - Atasi, president of the Syrian National Congress ( modern parliament ) that crowned Faysal as king of Syria on March 8, 1920 . This is the earliest known photograph of Hashim al - Atasi, who became president of Syria in the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s
54. The Police Academy in Damascus under Faysal in 1918-1920 . Seated in the front row, fourth from left, is Hamdi al - Jallad, the Police Chief wearing Arab headgear, and next to him is Nicolas Shahine, the deputy Chief of Police
55. A hand - written letter from Rikabi to Faris al - Khury, the Minister of Finance, informing him of Faysalapos;s decision to appoint him a member of the Shura Council on October 10, 1918, ten days after the Ottoman evacuation from Damascus
56. The Royal Palace in Damascus during the reign of King Faysal in 1918-1920
57. General Henri Gouraud, the French High Commissioner to Syria and Lebanon, who defeated Faysal at the Battle of Maysaloun in July 1920
58. General Yusuf al - Azma ( 1883-1920 ) , the Minister of War and Chief - of - Staff under King Faysal in 1918-1920
59. General Yusuf al - Azma in military uniform as Minister of War in Syria . He was killed in battle, shortly after this photo was taken, at Maysaloun, on the Syrian - Beirut highway, while fighting the French Army, on July 24, 1920 .
60. Naziq al - Abid, the woman at the Battle of Maysaloun, on July 24, 1920 .
61. Naziq al - Abid, the pioneer woman activist in Syria, pictured in military uniform on the day of the Battle of Maysaloun on July 24, 1920 . Abid had spearheaded the women’s rights movements under the Ottoman Empire, and lobbying with King Faysal in 1919-1920 to grant women the right to vote . When the French advanced on Damascus in July 1920, she volunteered for service in the Syrian Army and unveiled for combat, causing uproar in conservative districts of the Syrian capital . She tried but failed to save the life of General Yusuf al - Azma in battle, and in reward for her heroism King Faysal made her an honorary general in the Syrian Army.
62. Subhi al - Omari, one of the officers in the Arab Army of Sharif Husayn in 1916-1918, who fought against the Ottoman Empire . He is pictured here in Arab uniform during the Arab Revolt . Omari was exiled after the French Mandate was imposed on Syria in 1920, and went on to become one of the founders of the Jordanian Army and Iraqi Army . He fought in the Battle of Maysaloun in 1920, and returned to Syria in 1943 and became Chief of Police under President Shukri al - Quwatli
63. Alaa al - Din Pasha al - Droubi, the last prime minister appointed by Faysal in July 1920, who allied himself with the French after the fall of Damascus and was killed for his alliance by allies of Faysal in August 1920
64. General Henri Gouraud inspecting the French Army that occupied Damascus on July 25, 1920
65. The French Army on the Syrian coast, proclaiming the French Mandate .
70. Ex - King Faysal of Syria in August 1920, pictured in Europe where he roamed for a throne after his expulsion from Syria in July 1920
71. Queen Hazima, wife of King Faysal I, the first and only queen in modern Syrian history.
72. Nuri Ibish, a youth leader and politician in Syria, during a football match in Damascus in 1910 . Along with some friends Ibish introduced football to Damascus in 1910 and by 1912 the game had become very popular in Syria . A Ottoman - Syrian football team was created called al - Helal . The first official football match was held on the outskirts of Damascus in the Mezzeh district in 1919, under the patronage of King Faysal I, the post - Ottoman ruler of Syria . It was between the Syrian team and troops from the British Army stationed in Syria after World War I . The Syrian team won by 4 points and Faysal rewarded each player with a gold watch
73. The first Syrian National Football Team, during the a qualifying game in Turkey in 1947