The document discusses using computational fluid dynamics to optimize the mixture design of slurry transported through pipelines by varying the concentrations of bottom ash, fly ash, additives, and water as well as the pipeline diameter and velocity. A series of simulations were run to analyze the pressure drop through the pipeline under different conditions. The results from the simulations are presented in a table showing the input parameters and resulting pressure drops for each run.
Minimum Bolt Thread Engagement with Respect to Various Material StrengthDmitry Danilevich
The document discusses bolt thread shear stripping and provides guidelines for determining minimum thread engagement to prevent stripping. It defines the loading mechanism in threads and provides design rules for thread engagement. Equations are given for calculating the shear area of internal and external threads based on tolerance class. Tables show thread tensile/shear areas and bolt/material shear strength ratios. An example calculation demonstrates how to determine the minimum thread engagement required to prevent stripping for a given bolt-material combination. Minimum engagements are provided for various sizes, materials and property classes.
This document provides information about TRUMPF's TruLaser fiber laser machines, including:
- The history of TRUMPF's fiber laser machines from 2008 to present, including models with 2kW, 3kW, 5kW, and 6kW power outputs.
- Details on how TRUMPF's TruDisk solid state laser source works, including its laser diode pumping modules, kaleidoscope, pumping cavity, and resonator components.
- Comparisons of cutting speeds, cycle times, power consumption, and gas consumption between TRUMPF's 3kW fiber laser and 3kW TruDisk laser source. The fiber laser provides higher speeds for
This document appears to be a catalog listing various tools including:
- Pipe cutters for cutting various materials like plastic, copper, steel pipes
- Tube flaring tools for flaring ends of copper and light alloy pipes
- Welding equipment like gas welding handles and burners
- Reamers and deburrers for prepping pipe ends
- Shears and snips for cutting plastic pipes
- Accessories and replacement parts for the tools listed
The document contains technical specifications like dimensions and part numbers for each tool or accessory.
This document provides specifications for different types and sizes of power cables, including their nominal dimensions, weights, current carrying capacities, and other technical specifications. It includes data on both aluminum and copper conductor cables that are either unarmored or armored, with XLPE insulation, and conform to certain industry standards. The specifications are presented in tables with the cable properties listed for various standard cable sizes ranging from 35 to 1000 square mm.
Wireline (WL) and Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) formation tester measurements provide a link between the static petrophysical measurements and dynamic rock-fluid properties for enhanced formation evaluation. However, despite the significant advancements in these services, there are still barriers. The analysis of Wireline (WL) and Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) formation testing has traditionally been performed by a skilled testing analyst using specialized software and theoretical models to generate results and assess the data vitality. This can be a time-consuming process involving analyzing over 100 pressure transients. In practice, the petrophysicists and geoscientists rarely have access to a detailed analysis in the time frame required and typically revert to other methods. Some of the methods are ad hoc, but there is a growing consensus that several convenient, simple, and effective real-time measurements can be used for an objective evaluation of the dynamic data. This talk demonstrates a straightforward automated process that has been developed by which real-time measurements, which are routinely recorded, are used to automatically generate the results. Basic principles are used to develop quality parameters and a test rating system that can guide the analyst in the objective determination of the vitality of the results for each test. In this way, the highest quality testing results are used for fluid gradients and log correlations to improve the integration of the dynamic data into the petrophysical analysis. This also enables standards to be established for real-time data acquisition that can save testing time while improving data and quality. This automated method is being applied routinely and several field examples are used to illustrate the utility and time savings of this new workflow.
This document provides information about Multibar pressure compensated coextruded dripline produced by SIPLAST. Multibar incorporates a dripper during extrusion, allowing for uniform water flow along branches of up to 800 meters even with varying pressure levels and terrain. It uses a silicone diaphragm and turbulent flow labyrinth to ensure pressure compensation and self-cleaning. Multibar is suitable for precise water delivery in fields with varying elevations. The document includes specifications for different dripper sizes, pipe characteristics, recommended branch lengths based on slope and pressure, and reel lengths for storage and transport.
The Vortex Flowmeter Model AVF7000 Series is a versatile flowmeter that uses the Von Karman vortex shedding principle to measure volumetric flow. It has no moving parts and comes in various sizes from 10mm to 500mm with either flange or wafer connections. It provides local flow rate and total flow displays as well as standard 4-20mA output and can be configured for various applications including gases, steam, and liquids.
Minimum Bolt Thread Engagement with Respect to Various Material StrengthDmitry Danilevich
The document discusses bolt thread shear stripping and provides guidelines for determining minimum thread engagement to prevent stripping. It defines the loading mechanism in threads and provides design rules for thread engagement. Equations are given for calculating the shear area of internal and external threads based on tolerance class. Tables show thread tensile/shear areas and bolt/material shear strength ratios. An example calculation demonstrates how to determine the minimum thread engagement required to prevent stripping for a given bolt-material combination. Minimum engagements are provided for various sizes, materials and property classes.
This document provides information about TRUMPF's TruLaser fiber laser machines, including:
- The history of TRUMPF's fiber laser machines from 2008 to present, including models with 2kW, 3kW, 5kW, and 6kW power outputs.
- Details on how TRUMPF's TruDisk solid state laser source works, including its laser diode pumping modules, kaleidoscope, pumping cavity, and resonator components.
- Comparisons of cutting speeds, cycle times, power consumption, and gas consumption between TRUMPF's 3kW fiber laser and 3kW TruDisk laser source. The fiber laser provides higher speeds for
This document appears to be a catalog listing various tools including:
- Pipe cutters for cutting various materials like plastic, copper, steel pipes
- Tube flaring tools for flaring ends of copper and light alloy pipes
- Welding equipment like gas welding handles and burners
- Reamers and deburrers for prepping pipe ends
- Shears and snips for cutting plastic pipes
- Accessories and replacement parts for the tools listed
The document contains technical specifications like dimensions and part numbers for each tool or accessory.
This document provides specifications for different types and sizes of power cables, including their nominal dimensions, weights, current carrying capacities, and other technical specifications. It includes data on both aluminum and copper conductor cables that are either unarmored or armored, with XLPE insulation, and conform to certain industry standards. The specifications are presented in tables with the cable properties listed for various standard cable sizes ranging from 35 to 1000 square mm.
Wireline (WL) and Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) formation tester measurements provide a link between the static petrophysical measurements and dynamic rock-fluid properties for enhanced formation evaluation. However, despite the significant advancements in these services, there are still barriers. The analysis of Wireline (WL) and Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) formation testing has traditionally been performed by a skilled testing analyst using specialized software and theoretical models to generate results and assess the data vitality. This can be a time-consuming process involving analyzing over 100 pressure transients. In practice, the petrophysicists and geoscientists rarely have access to a detailed analysis in the time frame required and typically revert to other methods. Some of the methods are ad hoc, but there is a growing consensus that several convenient, simple, and effective real-time measurements can be used for an objective evaluation of the dynamic data. This talk demonstrates a straightforward automated process that has been developed by which real-time measurements, which are routinely recorded, are used to automatically generate the results. Basic principles are used to develop quality parameters and a test rating system that can guide the analyst in the objective determination of the vitality of the results for each test. In this way, the highest quality testing results are used for fluid gradients and log correlations to improve the integration of the dynamic data into the petrophysical analysis. This also enables standards to be established for real-time data acquisition that can save testing time while improving data and quality. This automated method is being applied routinely and several field examples are used to illustrate the utility and time savings of this new workflow.
This document provides information about Multibar pressure compensated coextruded dripline produced by SIPLAST. Multibar incorporates a dripper during extrusion, allowing for uniform water flow along branches of up to 800 meters even with varying pressure levels and terrain. It uses a silicone diaphragm and turbulent flow labyrinth to ensure pressure compensation and self-cleaning. Multibar is suitable for precise water delivery in fields with varying elevations. The document includes specifications for different dripper sizes, pipe characteristics, recommended branch lengths based on slope and pressure, and reel lengths for storage and transport.
The Vortex Flowmeter Model AVF7000 Series is a versatile flowmeter that uses the Von Karman vortex shedding principle to measure volumetric flow. It has no moving parts and comes in various sizes from 10mm to 500mm with either flange or wafer connections. It provides local flow rate and total flow displays as well as standard 4-20mA output and can be configured for various applications including gases, steam, and liquids.
This document provides contact information for Ferrostaal Piping Supply B.V. and Ferrostaal Piping Supply GmbH, including addresses, phone numbers, fax numbers, and email addresses for locations in the Netherlands and Germany. It also lists various pipe dimensions, schedules, and material grades according to ASME standards for austenitic steel pipes.
This document provides contact information for Ferrostaal Piping Supply B.V. and Ferrostaal Piping Supply GmbH, including addresses, phone numbers, fax numbers, and email addresses for locations in the Netherlands and Germany. It also lists pipe dimension standards for various pipe schedules according to ASME B36.10 and B36.19, including nominal pipe size, outer diameter, volume per meter, and wall thickness. Material specifications are provided for seamless stainless steel tubes according to DIN, EN, ASTM, and ASME standards.
This document provides contact information for Ferrostaal Piping Supply B.V. and Ferrostaal Piping Supply GmbH, including addresses, phone numbers, fax numbers, and email addresses for locations in the Netherlands and Germany. It also lists pipe dimension standards for various ASME steel pipe schedules, including nominal pipe sizes, outside diameters, wall thicknesses, and weights.
The document discusses a study on improving the surface roughness of parts manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM). The study examines the effects of process parameters on surface roughness, including laser power, scan speed, hatch distance, and contour offset. Experiments were designed using Taguchi and full factorial methods with different parameter levels for the contour and upskin areas. Surface roughness was measured and statistical analysis was performed to identify significant factors and optimal parameters. The Taguchi method achieved a surface roughness of 3.5 μm for the upskin, while the full factorial method achieved 4.06 μm.
Gravity water supply design illustration using SW softwarePratap Bikram Shahi
By application of SW software different gravity based scheme can be designed and optimized. The software is especially used in Nepal for design of water supply projects in rural hilly areas of Nepal.
This document contains details for pre-stressed concrete elements including rebar schedules and placement details. It includes:
1. Sections and details at scales of 1:20 showing pre-stressed strands and rebar configurations for different parts of the concrete elements.
2. A rebar schedule listing rebar quantities, diameters, lengths, weights and shapes for the precast structure.
3. Notes indicating all dimensions are in mm and edges will have 15x15 mm chamfers.
Catalogue ENPOS
Công ty TNHH thiết bị kỹ thuật Đà Nẵng
Chuyên cung cấp kích thủy lực enpos, đột thủy lực enpos,....
Liên hệ: 0918.434.694 để đặt hàng và tư vấn một cách tốt nhất.
Intelligent Real-time Water Level Forecast Models for Pumping StationsYingray Lu
1) The document describes research on developing intelligent real-time water level forecast models for pumping stations using artificial neural networks.
2) Researchers analyzed water level and rainfall data from a pumping station to select input factors for different neural network models, including BPNN, Elman NN, and NARX.
3) The results showed that the NARX model provided the most accurate water level forecasts for lead times of 10, 30, and 50 minutes compared to observed data.
Performance investigation of conventional heat pipe with hydrocarbon as worki...eSAT Journals
Abstract
This work attempts to analyses the performance of conventional heat pipe with hydrocarbon as working fluid. The performance
investigation involves the determination of thermal resistance of conventional heat pipe at various heat input. And to determine
the best hydrocarbon working fluid out of the acetone and methanol. Conventional heat pipe is filled with acetone and methanol
with the filling ratio of 60 % with this filling ratio the performance of the device is investigated.
Keywords: Working Fluid, Heat Transfer, Thermal Resistance.
Banco Aluminium is a best Aluminium Architectural Section Profiles manufacturers & Suppliers in India & UK. Offering building products, Sections at affordable prices. Read More: http://www.bancoaluminium.com/
The document provides information about conveyor systems for transporting bulk materials. It describes the different conveyor sizes and their capacities, as well as options for gentle material handling, cleaning, and system layouts. Return on investment calculations are also presented to demonstrate potential savings from reducing product breakage during transport.
The document describes the ALIAVA Metal Tube Variable Area Flowmeter Model AVF250 series. It provides specifications for the flowmeter such as available sizes from 15mm to 200mm, materials including stainless steel 304 and 316, flow ranges from 1-200000 L/hr for liquids and 0.03-4000 m3/hr for gases, and accuracy of +/-1.6%. It also lists features such as a 4-digit display, totalizer, 4-20mA output, and explosion proof certification. Dimensions and pressure drops for each size are provided in tables.
This document provides specifications for the 59T-3 Triplex Plunger Pump including:
- Pump sizes and models that can achieve maximum discharge pressures ranging from 970 psi to 10,000 psi.
- Standard materials used for fluid end bodies including cast ductile iron, forged/plate carbon steel, and cast duplex stainless steel depending on the pump model.
- Dimensions, weights, oil capacities, and performance data at various speeds for each pump size and model.
- Accessory gear reduction units available from 3.00:1 to 5.17:1 ratio.
This chapter provides thermodynamic and transport property data for various refrigerants and other working fluids. It includes tables of saturated liquid and vapor properties for common refrigerants like R-11, as well as pressure-enthalpy diagrams. New for the 1997 edition are data for zeotropic blends R-404A, R-407C, and R-410A and the azeotropic blend R-507A. The data are intended to help engineers compare unfamiliar fluids and are supplemented by references for more detailed information.
The DM3 Density Meter provides accurate continuous in-line density measurement of slurries in pipes. It uses a patented transducer to continuously weigh slurry passing through a reinforced rubber-lined flow tube, measuring density 110 times per second. Key features include its obstruction-free design, accurate direct mass measurement, abrasion-resistant flow tube, and simple installation and maintenance.
The document provides specifications for various long stroke ball screw linear actuators including:
- Force ratings from 400 to 2,000 lbs
- Velocities up to 40 in/sec
- IP54 sealing from contamination
- Adjustable limit switch positions
- Pistons with rugged anti-rotation features
FP600S is a fire resistant armoured cable suitable for essential emergency systems. It has several key features including:
- Maintaining circuit integrity in the event of a fire for up to 120 minutes according to various British Standards.
- Carrying power and control for life safety and firefighting systems such as smoke barriers and fire pumps.
- Having a mineral ceramic insulation and galvanized steel wire armour for protection against heat and mechanical impacts.
- Providing current ratings from 42 to 787 amps depending on the cable size and installation method.
The document is a dissertation report submitted by Parmod Kumar that examines the behavioural analysis of P22 and P91 steels after TIG welding and post weld heat treatment (PWHT) processes. It includes an introduction to the materials, literature review on welding of P22 and P91 steels, identified research gaps, methodology adopted for the experimental plan, findings from the experiments, results and discussion, and plans for future work. The experimental plan involves TIG welding of P22 and P91 steel samples, analyzing hardness and microstructure after welding, conducting PWHT at varying hold times, and assessing the impact of PWHT on hardness and microstructure.
This document presents a SWOT analysis comparing the strengths and weaknesses of different quality strategies, including JIT, Lean, LSS, Six Sigma, TQM, and others. Tables of data on strengths and weaknesses are provided. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine if there are significant differences in the means for strengths and weaknesses among the different methods. Both analyses found significant differences, indicating at least one method has a mean strength or weakness that is different from the others.
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Similar to Synergizing mixture do e with cfd for ash slurry optimization
This document provides contact information for Ferrostaal Piping Supply B.V. and Ferrostaal Piping Supply GmbH, including addresses, phone numbers, fax numbers, and email addresses for locations in the Netherlands and Germany. It also lists various pipe dimensions, schedules, and material grades according to ASME standards for austenitic steel pipes.
This document provides contact information for Ferrostaal Piping Supply B.V. and Ferrostaal Piping Supply GmbH, including addresses, phone numbers, fax numbers, and email addresses for locations in the Netherlands and Germany. It also lists pipe dimension standards for various pipe schedules according to ASME B36.10 and B36.19, including nominal pipe size, outer diameter, volume per meter, and wall thickness. Material specifications are provided for seamless stainless steel tubes according to DIN, EN, ASTM, and ASME standards.
This document provides contact information for Ferrostaal Piping Supply B.V. and Ferrostaal Piping Supply GmbH, including addresses, phone numbers, fax numbers, and email addresses for locations in the Netherlands and Germany. It also lists pipe dimension standards for various ASME steel pipe schedules, including nominal pipe sizes, outside diameters, wall thicknesses, and weights.
The document discusses a study on improving the surface roughness of parts manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM). The study examines the effects of process parameters on surface roughness, including laser power, scan speed, hatch distance, and contour offset. Experiments were designed using Taguchi and full factorial methods with different parameter levels for the contour and upskin areas. Surface roughness was measured and statistical analysis was performed to identify significant factors and optimal parameters. The Taguchi method achieved a surface roughness of 3.5 μm for the upskin, while the full factorial method achieved 4.06 μm.
Gravity water supply design illustration using SW softwarePratap Bikram Shahi
By application of SW software different gravity based scheme can be designed and optimized. The software is especially used in Nepal for design of water supply projects in rural hilly areas of Nepal.
This document contains details for pre-stressed concrete elements including rebar schedules and placement details. It includes:
1. Sections and details at scales of 1:20 showing pre-stressed strands and rebar configurations for different parts of the concrete elements.
2. A rebar schedule listing rebar quantities, diameters, lengths, weights and shapes for the precast structure.
3. Notes indicating all dimensions are in mm and edges will have 15x15 mm chamfers.
Catalogue ENPOS
Công ty TNHH thiết bị kỹ thuật Đà Nẵng
Chuyên cung cấp kích thủy lực enpos, đột thủy lực enpos,....
Liên hệ: 0918.434.694 để đặt hàng và tư vấn một cách tốt nhất.
Intelligent Real-time Water Level Forecast Models for Pumping StationsYingray Lu
1) The document describes research on developing intelligent real-time water level forecast models for pumping stations using artificial neural networks.
2) Researchers analyzed water level and rainfall data from a pumping station to select input factors for different neural network models, including BPNN, Elman NN, and NARX.
3) The results showed that the NARX model provided the most accurate water level forecasts for lead times of 10, 30, and 50 minutes compared to observed data.
Performance investigation of conventional heat pipe with hydrocarbon as worki...eSAT Journals
Abstract
This work attempts to analyses the performance of conventional heat pipe with hydrocarbon as working fluid. The performance
investigation involves the determination of thermal resistance of conventional heat pipe at various heat input. And to determine
the best hydrocarbon working fluid out of the acetone and methanol. Conventional heat pipe is filled with acetone and methanol
with the filling ratio of 60 % with this filling ratio the performance of the device is investigated.
Keywords: Working Fluid, Heat Transfer, Thermal Resistance.
Banco Aluminium is a best Aluminium Architectural Section Profiles manufacturers & Suppliers in India & UK. Offering building products, Sections at affordable prices. Read More: http://www.bancoaluminium.com/
The document provides information about conveyor systems for transporting bulk materials. It describes the different conveyor sizes and their capacities, as well as options for gentle material handling, cleaning, and system layouts. Return on investment calculations are also presented to demonstrate potential savings from reducing product breakage during transport.
The document describes the ALIAVA Metal Tube Variable Area Flowmeter Model AVF250 series. It provides specifications for the flowmeter such as available sizes from 15mm to 200mm, materials including stainless steel 304 and 316, flow ranges from 1-200000 L/hr for liquids and 0.03-4000 m3/hr for gases, and accuracy of +/-1.6%. It also lists features such as a 4-digit display, totalizer, 4-20mA output, and explosion proof certification. Dimensions and pressure drops for each size are provided in tables.
This document provides specifications for the 59T-3 Triplex Plunger Pump including:
- Pump sizes and models that can achieve maximum discharge pressures ranging from 970 psi to 10,000 psi.
- Standard materials used for fluid end bodies including cast ductile iron, forged/plate carbon steel, and cast duplex stainless steel depending on the pump model.
- Dimensions, weights, oil capacities, and performance data at various speeds for each pump size and model.
- Accessory gear reduction units available from 3.00:1 to 5.17:1 ratio.
This chapter provides thermodynamic and transport property data for various refrigerants and other working fluids. It includes tables of saturated liquid and vapor properties for common refrigerants like R-11, as well as pressure-enthalpy diagrams. New for the 1997 edition are data for zeotropic blends R-404A, R-407C, and R-410A and the azeotropic blend R-507A. The data are intended to help engineers compare unfamiliar fluids and are supplemented by references for more detailed information.
The DM3 Density Meter provides accurate continuous in-line density measurement of slurries in pipes. It uses a patented transducer to continuously weigh slurry passing through a reinforced rubber-lined flow tube, measuring density 110 times per second. Key features include its obstruction-free design, accurate direct mass measurement, abrasion-resistant flow tube, and simple installation and maintenance.
The document provides specifications for various long stroke ball screw linear actuators including:
- Force ratings from 400 to 2,000 lbs
- Velocities up to 40 in/sec
- IP54 sealing from contamination
- Adjustable limit switch positions
- Pistons with rugged anti-rotation features
FP600S is a fire resistant armoured cable suitable for essential emergency systems. It has several key features including:
- Maintaining circuit integrity in the event of a fire for up to 120 minutes according to various British Standards.
- Carrying power and control for life safety and firefighting systems such as smoke barriers and fire pumps.
- Having a mineral ceramic insulation and galvanized steel wire armour for protection against heat and mechanical impacts.
- Providing current ratings from 42 to 787 amps depending on the cable size and installation method.
Similar to Synergizing mixture do e with cfd for ash slurry optimization (20)
The document is a dissertation report submitted by Parmod Kumar that examines the behavioural analysis of P22 and P91 steels after TIG welding and post weld heat treatment (PWHT) processes. It includes an introduction to the materials, literature review on welding of P22 and P91 steels, identified research gaps, methodology adopted for the experimental plan, findings from the experiments, results and discussion, and plans for future work. The experimental plan involves TIG welding of P22 and P91 steel samples, analyzing hardness and microstructure after welding, conducting PWHT at varying hold times, and assessing the impact of PWHT on hardness and microstructure.
This document presents a SWOT analysis comparing the strengths and weaknesses of different quality strategies, including JIT, Lean, LSS, Six Sigma, TQM, and others. Tables of data on strengths and weaknesses are provided. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine if there are significant differences in the means for strengths and weaknesses among the different methods. Both analyses found significant differences, indicating at least one method has a mean strength or weakness that is different from the others.
The document discusses multi response optimization of friction stir welding (FSW) parameters for aluminum alloy AA6105 using the Taguchi method. It first provides background on welding processes including FSW. It then discusses factors that affect FSW quality like rotational speed, welding speed, and tilt angle. The document proposes using an L9 orthogonal array experiment with three control factors and mechanical properties and microstructure as response variables. The methodology involves conducting experiments, applying Taguchi analysis and ANOVA to optimize parameters for properties like tensile strength and hardness. The research aims to minimize defects and improve joint quality of AA6105. Equipment for FSW and response testing is also detailed.
The document proposes optimizing the mechanical properties of AA1100 metal matrix composites (MMCs) through mixture design of experiments (DoE). AA1100 alloy will be reinforced with silicon, copper and magnesium particles via stir casting. Response variables like hardness and compressive strength will be measured. Mixture DoE will then be used to optimize compositional and process parameters like percentage of reinforcements, stirring speed and time to achieve the required mechanical property ranges for car bodies. The methodology involves preparing composite samples, testing them, and analyzing the results to optimize the formulation and processing of AA1100 MMCs.
This document provides a synopsis for a presentation on integrating Lean Six Sigma and Industry 4.0 tools to manage quality in the Indian textile industry. It includes an introduction, literature review, identified research gaps, problem formulation, research objectives, proposed methodology, and research plan. The proposed methodology involves developing an integrated Lean Six Sigma and Industry 4.0 model called LSS 4.0 to address limitations of existing quality management techniques and help textile SMEs improve operational performance. A case study would validate and test the LSS 4.0 model in an Indian textile company. The research is expected to take 38 months to complete.
This document describes a project to reduce scrap rates in piston casting at a foundry from 7% to 2% over 4 months using optimization techniques. The foundry casts pistons for Tata trucks. Testing of process parameters like cooling time, gate size, water temperature and metal temperature identified relationships to reduce scrap. Statistical modeling determined the optimal settings were a cooling time of 47 seconds, gate size of 132 mm^2, water temperature of 32°C and metal temperature of 792°C to minimize scrap to an estimated 5.28%. The document recommends applying fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms or artificial intelligence to further improve the optimization model.
This document describes a study conducted to analyze factors that affect student admission rates at engineering institutes. A quantitative strategy called Box-Behnken design was used to examine the effects of 9 factors and their interactions on student response percentage. Statistical analysis found that brand name, location, fees, placement percentage, and certifications had significant positive effects, while factors like location and fees had negative effects. Response surface methodology and contour plots are presented to show relationships between factors and student response. The analysis provides insights for engineering institutes to optimize admission rates.
0000. the blockchain-revolution-an-analysis-of-regulation-and-technoloDr. Bikram Jit Singh
This document provides an overview of blockchain technology and its potential applications and regulatory landscape. It defines key concepts like distributed ledger technology and differentiates digital currencies from blockchain. Blockchain allows for the decentralized verification and recording of transactions through a peer-to-peer network. The technology has applications beyond digital currencies, including for smart contracts that can automate transactions. Regulators globally are assessing how to oversee blockchain to support innovation while mitigating risks.
The document summarizes the application of Six Sigma's DMAIC approach to improve the process capability of PVC pipe extrusion. It analyzes critical process parameters like feeder RPM, barrel zone temperatures, die zone temperatures, and haul off RPM using tools like correlation, regression, ANOVA, and t-tests. Significant parameters identified are feeder RPM, BZ3T, DZ2T, and DZ3T. The document proposes using Taguchi's method of parametric optimization to improve the process by setting control factor levels for the significant parameters.
This document discusses measurement system analysis (MSA), which is used to evaluate statistical properties of process measurement systems. MSA determines if current measurement systems provide representative, unbiased and minimal variability measurements. The document outlines the MSA process, including preparing for a study, evaluating stability, accuracy, precision, linearity, and repeatability and reproducibility. Accuracy looks at bias while precision considers repeatability and reproducibility. MSA is required for certification and helps identify process variation sources and minimize defects.
The document discusses methods to enhance RAM (reliability, availability, maintainability) of systems. It provides a regression equation that models availability percentage as a function of reliability and maintainability percentages, based on analysis of data from different machines. Various graphs and statistical analyses are also presented to compare mean time between failures (MTBF) of the machines and identify differences between them.
Tensile strength and hardness tests were conducted on aluminum alloy welded specimens using a UTM and Vickers hardness tester located at CITCO, IDFC, Chandigarh. The tensile test used an UTM machine to apply loads to specimens based on ASTM standards and record the stress-strain curves to evaluate tensile strength and elongation. Hardness tests used a Vickers hardness tester to indent specimens with a 1 kgf load and record the impression values to determine material hardness. Test certificates in the appendices provide hardness and tensile strength data for the base aluminum alloys and welded samples tested.
This document discusses measurement system analysis (MSA) and gauge repeatability and reproducibility (R&R) studies. MSA is used to evaluate different aspects of a measurement system like bias, linearity, stability, repeatability and reproducibility. R&R studies focus specifically on repeatability and reproducibility. Key terms are defined, including bias, repeatability, reproducibility, stability, linearity, attribute R&R parameters like effectiveness, misses, false alarms, and bias, and how to analyze variable measurement data using analysis of variance. Guidelines for acceptable levels of R&R parameters are also provided.
Keywords: six sigma; foundry SMEs; small and medium-sized enterprises; design of experiments; DOE; measurement system analysis; MSA; failure mode and effects analysis; FMEA; non-conforming products; cost of poor quality; hypothesis testing; defects per million opportunities; DPMO; process capability; DMAICS; analysis of variance; ANOVA; India; make-to-order foundries; scrap reduction; productivity.
Keywords: six sigma, DMAIC project, scrap, rework, analysis of variance, ANOVA, design of experiments, DOE, process audit sheets, India, foundries, foundry industry, SMEs, small and medium–sized enterprises, die casting
The document summarizes research on optimizing machining parameters for CNC turning of aluminum alloy 7020 using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). It provides background on CNC turning, tool materials, workpiece material (Al 7020), and machining parameters to be optimized (cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut). The document also reviews previous literature on optimizing machining parameters for aluminum alloys and describes the methodology used in the present study.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
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Synergizing mixture do e with cfd for ash slurry optimization
1. By
Dr. Bikram Jit Singh
Professor
MMDU Mullana
OPTIMIZATION OF SLURRY CONTENT
ALONG WITH PIPE DIAMETER AND VELOCITY
FOR MINIMUM PRESSURE DROP
THROUGH MIXTURE DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
2. A B C D P1 P2
Levels Bottom Ash Fly Ash Additive Water Velocity Pipe Diameter
Lower 4% 6% 1.50% 40% 25m/s 350mm
Upper 40% 50% 3% 70% 40m/s 450mm
Factors with Levels
Linear Constraint
A + B ≤ 55%
3. COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATION OF PIPELINE
Computational Fluid Dynamic [CFD] is the analysis of system
involving fluid flow by means of computer based simulation.
Computers are used to perform the calculations required to
simulate the interaction of liquids with surfaces defined by
boundary conditions.
8. SOLUTION PARAMETERS
• Three-dimensional meshing with double-precision (3-ddp) solver is
extremely useful when dealing with very sensitive analysis like
aerodynamic drag prediction, multiphase flow systems. Meshing is
an important factor to obtain the better results.
• Standard K- € model is selected for pipeline flow simulation. This
model gives very useful results for turbulent flow.
• A convergence criterion in the simulation is 10-3. Advance
computers are required to increase the criteria of convergence for
simulation of fluid flow.
• Second-order scheme with limiters is one of the more popular
numerical schemes because of its combination of accuracy and
stability.
• In computational fluid dynamics (CFD), simple algorithm is a
widely used numerical procedure to solve the Navier-Stokes
equations. Since then it has been extensively used by many
researchers to solve different kinds of fluid flow and heat transfer
problems.
9. BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
• Velocity inlet: It is applied on inlet face of pipeline.
• Pressure outlet: It is applied on outlet face of delivery pipeline.
• Slurry is added in material list by giving soot conditions
density and molar mass. For bottom ash density and molar
mass is taken 2250 kg/m3 and 36.281g/mol. In case of fly ash
density is taken 1950kg/m3and 28.12 g/mol.
• Bottom ash specified diameter is taken as 162 micron and for
fly ash 57 micron.
• Simulations are done on 25 and 40m/s.
Differentconcentrations are taken for fly and bottom ash.
• 4 % turbulence intensity and turbulence viscosity ratio of 10 is
taken for inlet condition.
• 4% backflow turbulence intensity and backflow turbulence
viscosity ratio of 10 is taken for outlet condition.
13. Extreme Vertices Design
Components: 4 Design points: 100
Process variables: 2 Design degree: 1
Mixture total: 1.00000
Number of Boundaries for Each Dimension
Point Type 1 2 3 0
Dimension 0 1 2 3
Number 12 18 8 1
Number of Design Points for Each Type
Point Type 1 2 3 4 0 -1
Distinct 48 0 0 0 4 48
Replicates 1 0 0 0 1 1
Total number 48 0 0 0 4 48
Bounds of Mixture Components
Amount Proportion Pseudo component
Comp Lower Upper Lower Upper Lower Upper
A 0.040000 0.400000 0.040000 0.400000 0.000000 0.774194
B 0.060000 0.500000 0.060000 0.500000 0.000000 0.946237
C 0.015000 0.030000 0.015000 0.030000 0.000000 0.032258
D 0.420000 0.700000 0.420000 0.700000 0.000000 0.602151
* NOTE * Bounds were adjusted to accommodate specified constraints.
Linear Constraints of Mixture Components
Constraint Lower A B C D Upper
1 1.000000 1.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.550000
17. Regression for Mixtures: Pressure Drop versus Mixture Constituents &
Process Parameters
Estimated Regression Coefficients for Pressure Drop (component proportions)
Term Coef SE Coef T P VIF
Bottom Ash -9197 3811 * * 4.508
Fly Ash -10918 3772 * * 7.133
Additive 6008 68868 * * 15.309
Water 22605 4121 * * 29.948
Bottom Ash*Water*(-) 142848 34848 4.10 0.000 8.100
Water*Velocity 27694 12018 2.30 0.024 254.675
Additive*Water*(-)*Velocity 1362719 501408 2.72 0.008 72.720
1/Additive*Velocity -119 71 -1.69 0.094 72.633
Bottom Ash*Water*(-)2*Pipe Diameter 133896 63273 2.12 0.037 4.783
Additive*Water*(-)2*Pipe Diameter -730580 218899 -3.34 0.001 4.783
* NOTE * Coefficients are calculated for coded process variables.
S = 4090.14 PRESS = 2806387601
R-Sq = 37.22% R-Sq(pred) = 0.00% R-Sq(adj) = 30.94%
18. Analysis of Variance for Pressure Drop (component proportions)
Source DF Seq SS Adj SS Adj MS
Regression 9 892733445 892733445 99192605
Component Only
Linear 3 154468287 423716329 141238776
Full Cubic 1 281112490 281112490 281112490
Bottom A*Water*(-) 1 281112490 281112490 281112490
Component* Velocity
Linear 1 14967245 88835039 88835039
Water*Velocity 1 14967245 88835039 88835039
Full Cubic 1 149818160 123568498 123568498
Additive*Water*(-)*Velocity 1 149818160 123568498 123568498
Inverse 1 47930436 47930436 47930436
1/Additive*Velocity 1 47930436 47930436 47930436
Component* Pipe Diameter
Full Quartic1 2 244436827 244436827 122218413
Bottom A*Water*(-)2*Pipe Diameter 1 58088163 74915126 74915126
Additive*Water*(-)2*Pipe Diameter 1 186348664 186348664 186348664
Residual Error 90 1505634238 1505634238 16729269
Total 99 2398367683
Source F P
Regression 5.93 0.000
Component Only
Linear 8.44 0.000
Full Cubic 16.80 0.000
Bottom A*Water*(-) 16.80 0.000
Component* Velocity
Linear 5.31 0.024
Water*Velocity 5.31 0.024
Full Cubic 7.39 0.008
Additive*Water*(-)*Velocity 7.39 0.008
Inverse 2.87 0.094
1/Additive*Velocity 2.87 0.094
Component* Pipe Diameter
Full Quartic1 7.31 0.001
Bottom A*Water*(-)2*Pipe Diameter 4.48 0.037
Additive*Water*(-)2*Pipe Diameter 11.14 0.001
19. Pressure Drop = -9197 Bottom Ash – 10918 Fly Ash + 6008
Additive + 22605 Water + 142848 (Bottom
ash X Water) + 27694 (Water X Velocity) +
1362719 (Additive X Water X (-) Velocity)–
119 (1/Additive X Velocity) + 133896
Bottom Ash X Water X (-)2 X Pipe Diameter)
– 730580 (Additive X Water X (-) 2 X Pipe
Diameter)
Statistical Model
25. (1)
Bottom A sh
0.040
0.505
Fly A sh
0.525
0.060
A dditive
0.480
0.015
(2)
Bottom A sh
0.040
0.505
Fly A sh
0.525
0.060
A dditive
0.480
0.015
(3)
Bottom A sh
0.040
0.505
Fly A sh
0.525
0.060
A dditive
0.480
0.015
(4)
Bottom A sh
0.040
0.505
Fly A sh
0.525
0.060
A dditive
0.480
0.015
Water 0.42
Velocity 25
Pipe Diameter 450
Velocity 40
Pipe Diameter 450
Velocity 25
Pipe Diameter 350
Velocity 40
Pipe Diameter 350
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Hold Values
>
–
–
–
–
–
< 0
0 2000
2000 4000
4000 6000
6000 8000
8000 10000
10000
Pressure Drop
Multiple Mixture Contour Plot for Pressure Drop
(component amounts)
26. (1)
Fly A sh
0.060
0.525
A dditive
0.480
0.015
Water
0.885
0.420
(2)
Fly A sh
0.060
0.525
A dditive
0.480
0.015
Water
0.885
0.420
(3)
Fly A sh
0.060
0.525
A dditive
0.480
0.015
Water
0.885
0.420
(4)
Fly A sh
0.060
0.525
A dditive
0.480
0.015
Water
0.885
0.420
Bottom Ash 0.04
Velocity 25
Pipe Diameter 450
Velocity 40
Pipe Diameter 450
Velocity 25
Pipe Diameter 350
Velocity 40
Pipe Diameter 350
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Hold Values
>
–
–
–
–
–
< -10000
-10000 0
0 10000
10000 20000
20000 30000
30000 40000
40000
Pressure Drop
Multiple Mixture Contour Plot for Pressure Drop
(component amounts)
33. Bottom A sh
0.040
0.365
Fly A sh
0.385
0.060
A dditive
0.340
0.015
Bottom A sh
0.040
0.497
Fly A sh
0.517
0.060
Water
0.877
0.420
Bottom A sh
0.040
0.285
A dditive
0.260
0.015
Water
0.665
0.420
Fly A sh
0.060
0.345
A dditive
0.300
0.015
Water
0.705
0.420
Bottom Ash 0.22
Fly Ash 0.28
Additive 0.0225
Water 0.56
Velocity 40
Pipe Diameter 450
Hold Values
>
–
–
–
–
–
< -5000
-5000 -2500
-2500 0
0 2500
2500 5000
5000 7500
7500
Pressure Drop
(component amounts)
Matrix of Closed Mixture Contour Plots for Pressure Drop
34. Response Optimization
Parameters
Goal Lower Target Upper Weight Import
Pressure Drop Minimum 1000 1000 4473 1 1
Starting Point
Components
Bottom Ash = 0.04
Fly Ash = 0.06
Additive = 0.015
Water = 0.40
Process Variables
Velocity = 25
Pipe Diameter = 350
Global Solution
Components
Bottom Ash = 0.2199
Fly Ash = 0.320
Additive = 0.0178
Water = 0.4423
Process Variables
Velocity = 34
Pipe Diameter = 440
Predicted Responses
Pressure Drop = 1185.7543 ,
Desirability = 0.94651
35. Cur
High
Low0.94651
D
New
d = 0.94651
Minimum
Pressure
y = 1185.7543
0.94651
Desirability
Composite
350.0
450.0
25.0
40.0
0.420
0.70
0.0150
0.030
0.1148
0.50
0.040
0.40
[ ]:Fly Ash [ ]:Additive [ ]:Water Velocity Pipe Dia[ ]:Bottom A
[0.2199] [0.320] [0.0178] [0.4423] [34.0] [440.0]