Syncope.pptx
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Syncope, commonly known as fainting, or passing out, is a loss of consciousness and muscle strength characterized by a fast onset, short duration, and spontaneous recovery
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![Syncope
Syncope, commonly known as fainting, or
passing out, is a loss of consciousness and
muscle strength characterized by a fast
onset, short duration, and spontaneous
recovery.[1] It is caused by a decrease in
blood flow to the brain, typically from low
blood pressure.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/syncope-230913160452-8206d12e/85/Syncope-pptx-1-320.jpg)
![ There are sometimes symptoms before the loss of
consciousness such as lightheadedness, sweating, pale skin,
blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, or feeling warm.
Syncope may also be associated with a short episode of
muscle twitching.[1][3] Psychiatric causes can also be
determined when a patient experiences fear, anxiety, or
panic; particularly before a stressful event, usually medical
in nature.
When consciousness and muscle strength are not completely
lost, it is called presyncope.[1] It is recommended that
presyncope be treated the same as syncope.](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Vasovagal syncope is a common cause of fainting triggered by events that cause a sudden drop in heart rate and blood pressure. This can result from an overactive parasympathetic nervous system and underactive sympathetic nervous system. Symptoms include feeling faint or dizzy before losing consciousness for a brief period. Treatment focuses on addressing the triggers and using medications like midodrine to constrict blood vessels and prevent drops in blood pressure.
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This document provides an overview of syncope (fainting), including definitions, causes, diagnostic approaches, and management. The main points are:
1. Syncope is defined as a brief loss of consciousness due to reduced blood flow to the brain. It has many potential causes including cardiac arrhythmias, orthostatic hypotension, and vasovagal responses.
2. The diagnostic approach involves taking a medical history and conducting tests like an ECG, tilt table test, or Holter monitor depending on the situation.
3. Syncope has both cardiac and reflex causes. Cardiac causes are more serious and require prompt treatment, while reflex syncope often has identifiable triggers and presentations.
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This document provides an overview of syncope (fainting), including definitions, causes, diagnostic approaches, and management. The main points are:
1. Syncope is defined as a brief loss of consciousness due to reduced blood flow to the brain. It has many potential causes including cardiac arrhythmias, orthostatic hypotension, vasovagal reactions, and structural heart issues.
2. The diagnostic approach involves taking a medical history, physical exam, ECG, and sometimes additional tests like tilt table testing, Holter monitoring, or insertable cardiac monitors.
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Sinus bradycardia is a condition where the sinus node in the heart beats slower than the normal range of 60-100 beats per minute. Some common causes of sinus bradycardia include:
Vagal stimulation: This occurs due to an increased activity of the vagus nerve, which is responsible for slowing down the heart rate.
Medications: Certain medications like beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and digoxin can cause sinus bradycardia.
Hypothyroidism: Inadequate production of thyroid hormones can cause a decrease in metabolic rate and lead to bradycardia.
Increased intracranial pressure: High pressure within the skull due to conditions like head injury, brain tumors or bleeding can affect the autonomic nervous system and cause bradycardia.
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Other causes of sinus bradycardia include viral infections, genetic disorders, and certain electrolyte imbalances.
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History taking: Obtain a detailed history of the patient's symptoms, including the onset, duration, and frequency of palpitations, associated symptoms, and any relevant medical history.
Physical examination: Conduct a thorough physical examination, including a cardiovascular examination, to assess the patient's heart sounds, rhythm, and rate. Check for any signs of heart failure or underlying heart disease.
Electrocardiogram (ECG): Perform an ECG to confirm the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation and to determine the heart rate and rhythm. An ECG will also help rule out other arrhythmias or underlying heart conditions.
Blood tests: Check the patient's thyroid function, electrolyte levels, and other relevant blood tests to identify any underlying conditions that may be causing the arrhythmia.
Echocardiography: Perform an echocardiogram to assess the structure and function of the heart and to identify any underlying heart disease.
Holter monitor: Use a Holter monitor to monitor the patient's heart rate and rhythm over a 24-hour period to identify any episodes of atrial fibrillation that may not be captured during a routine ECG.
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Neurological emergencies affect the nervous system of the body including the brain, spinal cord and all the associated nerves. Prompt recognition of neurological emergencies is a must for getting timely treatment, avoiding minimal damage to the nervous system and reducing readmission of patients in the hospital.
Vasovagal shock clinical features and management
Vasovagal syncope is a common cause of fainting triggered by events that cause a sudden drop in heart rate and blood pressure. This can result from an overactive parasympathetic nervous system and underactive sympathetic nervous system. Symptoms include feeling faint or dizzy before losing consciousness for a brief period. Treatment focuses on addressing the triggers and using medications like midodrine to constrict blood vessels and prevent drops in blood pressure.
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This document provides an overview of syncope (fainting), including definitions, causes, diagnostic approaches, and management. The main points are:
1. Syncope is defined as a brief loss of consciousness due to reduced blood flow to the brain. It has many potential causes including cardiac arrhythmias, orthostatic hypotension, and vasovagal responses.
2. The diagnostic approach involves taking a medical history and conducting tests like an ECG, tilt table test, or Holter monitor depending on the situation.
3. Syncope has both cardiac and reflex causes. Cardiac causes are more serious and require prompt treatment, while reflex syncope often has identifiable triggers and presentations.
Syncope
This document provides an overview of syncope (fainting), including definitions, causes, diagnostic approaches, and management. The main points are:
1. Syncope is defined as a brief loss of consciousness due to reduced blood flow to the brain. It has many potential causes including cardiac arrhythmias, orthostatic hypotension, vasovagal reactions, and structural heart issues.
2. The diagnostic approach involves taking a medical history, physical exam, ECG, and sometimes additional tests like tilt table testing, Holter monitoring, or insertable cardiac monitors.
3. The two broad categories of syncope are cardiogenic (heart-related) and reflex-mediated. Cardiogenic
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Professor DR Md . TOUFIQUR RAHMAN , FCPS, MD
Professor & Head, Cardiology, CMMC, Manikganj
drtoufiq19711@yahoo.com; drtoufiq1971@gmail.com
What are the causes of sinus bradycardia? (DU-04Ja)
Sinus bradycardia is a condition where the sinus node in the heart beats slower than the normal range of 60-100 beats per minute. Some common causes of sinus bradycardia include:
Vagal stimulation: This occurs due to an increased activity of the vagus nerve, which is responsible for slowing down the heart rate.
Medications: Certain medications like beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and digoxin can cause sinus bradycardia.
Hypothyroidism: Inadequate production of thyroid hormones can cause a decrease in metabolic rate and lead to bradycardia.
Increased intracranial pressure: High pressure within the skull due to conditions like head injury, brain tumors or bleeding can affect the autonomic nervous system and cause bradycardia.
Obstructive sleep apnea: Repeated episodes of apnea during sleep can cause bradycardia due to decreased oxygen supply to the body.
Aging: As the body ages, the electrical activity of the heart can slow down, leading to sinus bradycardia.
Other causes of sinus bradycardia include viral infections, genetic disorders, and certain electrolyte imbalances.
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The patient's presentation suggests the possibility of atrial fibrillation, which is a common arrhythmia characterized by an irregularly irregular pulse. The following are the steps that can be taken to assess and investigate the patient:
History taking: Obtain a detailed history of the patient's symptoms, including the onset, duration, and frequency of palpitations, associated symptoms, and any relevant medical history.
Physical examination: Conduct a thorough physical examination, including a cardiovascular examination, to assess the patient's heart sounds, rhythm, and rate. Check for any signs of heart failure or underlying heart disease.
Electrocardiogram (ECG): Perform an ECG to confirm the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation and to determine the heart rate and rhythm. An ECG will also help rule out other arrhythmias or underlying heart conditions.
Blood tests: Check the patient's thyroid function, electrolyte levels, and other relevant blood tests to identify any underlying conditions that may be causing the arrhythmia.
Echocardiography: Perform an echocardiogram to assess the structure and function of the heart and to identify any underlying heart disease.
Holter monitor: Use a Holter monitor to monitor the patient's heart rate and rhythm over a 24-hour period to identify any episodes of atrial fibrillation that may not be captured during a routine ECG.
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3. Treatment for dissociative seizures focuses on psychotherapy to help understand triggers and reduce stress, as medication alone is usually not effective for psychogenic NES.
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E-mail: b.chinun@gmail.com
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The second season of the American television drama series Empire premiered on...
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Kelendria Trene Rowland[3] (born February 11, 1981)
Kelly Rowland is an American singer, songwriter, actress and television personality who first rose to fame as a member of the best-selling girl group Destiny's Child. As a solo artist, she has released four studio albums that have all reached the top ten of the US Billboard 200 chart. Rowland has gone on to host several television shows and serve as a coach on singing competition shows like The X Factor UK and The Voice Australia. Throughout her career with Destiny's Child and as a solo artist, Rowland has sold over 100 million records worldwide and earned several awards and nominations, including five Grammy Awards.
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Dubai started as a small fishing village in the 18th century but grew into a regional trading hub in the early 20th century. It experienced rapid growth in the late 20th and early 21st centuries focused on tourism and luxury, and now has the second most five-star hotels in the world and the tallest building, the Burj Khalifa. Located on the Persian Gulf, Dubai is a major global transport hub and center for regional and international trade since the early 1900s. While oil revenue initially helped development, the economy now relies more on trade, tourism, aviation, real estate and financial services.
International Cricket Council CRICK.pptx
The International Cricket Council (ICC) is the global governing body for cricket, founded in 1909. It has 108 member nations and is responsible for organizing major international cricket tournaments like the Cricket World Cup. The ICC sets standards for professional conduct in international cricket and works to combat corruption. However, it does not control bilateral matches between countries or govern domestic cricket within nations.
The England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB
The England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB) is the national governing body for cricket in England and Wales. It was formed in 1997 by combining the roles of the Test and County Cricket Board, the National Cricket Association, and the Cricket Council. The ECB oversees all levels of cricket in England and Wales, including the men's, women's, disability, and age-group national teams. It is run by an executive management team that reports to the chief executive officer, with its headquarters located at Lord's Cricket Ground in London.
he Indian Premier League (IPL) TATA IPL
The Indian Premier League (IPL) is a popular Twenty20 cricket league held annually in India between March and May. It features ten city-based franchise teams. The IPL is the most popular cricket league in the world and has been broadcast live on YouTube. In 2023, the league sold its media rights for $6.4 billion, valuing each match at $13.4 million. The current champions are the Chennai Super Kings.
Neonatal jaundice hyperbilirubinemia
The document outlines key aspects of neonatal jaundice including epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, management, and complications. It discusses the different types of jaundice, common causes in newborns, methods for evaluating jaundice, and treatments such as phototherapy and exchange blood transfusion. Neonatal jaundice, while common, requires monitoring and treatment if bilirubin levels rise dangerously high to prevent potential neurological problems.
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A South Korean crime thriller television series called "My Name" follows a woman who joins a gang to avenge her father's death. She then becomes a mole in the police force to help the gang uncover what happened to her father while working as a detective. The series was released on Netflix and had episodes screened at a film festival, starring Han So-hee as the woman seeking revenge.
GAMETOGENESIShhdhdhdhdhdhhdfhddhdhdhhdhd
Gametogenesis is the process by which haploid gametes are formed from diploid precursor cells. In oogenesis, primary oocytes undergo cell division and differentiation through the phases of multiplication, growth, and maturation to form a single mature ovum. In spermatogenesis, spermatogonia undergo cell division and differentiation through the phases of multiplication, growth, and maturation to form mature sperm. Both processes involve meiotic cell division to halve the number of chromosomes and produce haploid gametes.
Benjamin Netanyahu Israeli politician
Benjamin Netanyahu is an Israeli politician who has served as prime minister of Israel since 2022. He previously held the office from 1996 to 1999 and from 2009 to 2021. Netanyahu is the longest-serving prime minister in Israel's history, having served over 16 years total. He is chairman of the right-wing Likud party and was born in Israel after its establishment.
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The Ottoman Empire,[j] historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire
The Ottoman Empire,[j] historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire
The second season of the American television drama series Empire premiered on...
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Visit : https://massagespaajman.com/
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This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is the summary of hypotension:
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is when the pressure of blood circulating in the body is lower than normal or expected. It's only a problem if it negatively impacts the body and causes symptoms. Normal blood pressure is usually between 90/60 mmHg and 120/80 mmHg, but pressures below 90/60 are generally considered hypotensive.
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Syncope.pptx
- 1. Syncope Syncope, commonly known as fainting, or passing out, is a loss of consciousness and muscle strength characterized by a fast onset, short duration, and spontaneous recovery.[1] It is caused by a decrease in blood flow to the brain, typically from low blood pressure.
- 2. There are sometimes symptoms before the loss of consciousness such as lightheadedness, sweating, pale skin, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, or feeling warm. Syncope may also be associated with a short episode of muscle twitching.[1][3] Psychiatric causes can also be determined when a patient experiences fear, anxiety, or panic; particularly before a stressful event, usually medical in nature. When consciousness and muscle strength are not completely lost, it is called presyncope.[1] It is recommended that presyncope be treated the same as syncope.
- 3. Causes range from non-serious to potentially fatal.[1] There are three broad categories of causes: heart or blood vessel related; reflex, also known as neurally mediated; and orthostatic hypotension.[1][3] Issues with the heart and blood vessels are the cause in about 10% and typically the most serious while neurally mediated is the most common.
- 4. Heart related causes may include an abnormal heart rhythm, problems with the heart valves or heart muscle and blockages of blood vessels from a pulmonary embolism or aortic dissection among others.