Surrealism was a cultural movement in the 1920s that aimed to free the mind and senses through artworks that used real objects as metaphors for freedom. Officially founded in 1924 in Paris by poet André Breton, surrealism was influenced by Freudian psychoanalytic theory and sought to uncover hidden parts of the unconscious mind through techniques like automatic writing, dream analysis, and the exquisite corpse exercise. Key surrealist artists included Salvador Dalí, René Magritte, and Joan Miró, whose paintings employed techniques like juxtaposition and transparency to challenge rational thought.

1. SURREALISM

2. Surrealism Cultural movement in the early 20s Main interest, the question HOW CAN I BE FREE? artworks: real metaphors of freedom A free game between mind and senses Goal: to change life

3. Founded officially in 1924, Paris André Breton –French Poet Served in medicine and psychiatry in a neurological hospital during the WWI he used Sigmund Freud 's psychoanalytic methods

4. Sigmund Freud Based theory of the surrealism movement Freud did not take them seriously, he did not accept it. Breton visited him in 1921 Refused patronage for the movement (Freud to Breton,1933) He said about Dali´s pictures:”I did not try to find the unconscious in his paintings, but the conscious”

5. Art and life may renew if having contact with the forbidden zones of the mind : the unconscious Uncover hidden relations: Memory Desire Conscious A new reality

6. The dream Instrument to uncover ourselves Id main actor in dreams Dreamy mind = the true

7. At the beginning  a literature project After mid-20s  focused on visual art

8. Pure Surrealist art Children´s art Considering their inocent eyes and non-repressed mind.

9. Insanity : Supreme form of rebellion , the Great NO of the mind to the intolerable world

10. Surrealist Writers

11. Andre Breton (1896 – 1966) Define surrealism as: Pure psychic automatism Dictation of thought Absence of control Personal freedom and social liberation lay in the unconscious mind

12. Member of the French Communist Party Committed to Marxism Wrote with Trotsky a Paper on the civil liberties of an artist

13. Constellations Last poetical work 1959 Series of poems Joan Miro gouaches

14. Paul Eluard (1895 – 1952) Born in Paris Son of a bookkeeper Became interested in poetry while in a Swiss sanatorium Injured by gas in WWI

15. 1917 Married Helena Diakonova (Gala) Was his inspiration

16. The Misfortunes of the Immortals Collage Novel Max Ernst pictures Made of scraps of illustrations cut out from old books

23. 1924 Mysterious disappearence Rumours of death… Reappearence Long jorney from Marseilles to Tahiti, Indonesia and Ceylan

24. Journey later connected with Loss of Gala Fall in love with Salvador Dali 1932 divorced

25. Surrealist Technics Exquisite Corpse Calligramme Automatic Writing Cut-up technique

26. Exquisite Corpse Favourite game 3 – 4 participants Ad things to the writing or drawing Without knowing what the others had done

28. Calligrame Guillaume Apollinaire Breaks with the logical and syntactic structure of the poem Drawing with words First in using the word SURREALISM

32. Automatic writing Used to liberate subconscious Breton’s favorite subject Cut-up Technique Used in the collage novel

33. PAINTING TECHNIQUES Levitation Transparency Repetition Juxtaposition

34. Example of the Object scale technique

35. Example of: Stages Curtains Juxtaposition

37. Magritte Used Symbols of: Mirrors Windows Eyes

38. The Lost Jockey 1926

39. The Lovers

40. The Son of the Man

41. The False Mirror 1928

42. ThE eNd