This document discusses surgical instruments and provides examples. It is presented by Mr. Vijayreddy Vandali and introduces five classes of surgical instruments: cutting instruments and dissecting tools like scalpels and scissors; grasping tools like forceps; hemostatic instruments that control bleeding; retractors; and tools that unite tissues. Scalpels, specifically, are then described in more detail as the basic surgical knife that comes with detachable blades in various sizes for different procedures.

1. SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS
PRESENTED BY:
MR.VIJAYREDDY VANDALI
M.SC(N),PGDHA,PGCDE,.
VICE-PRINCIPAL CUM ASSO.PROF
S.N.D. COLLEGE OF NURSING
BABHULGAON, YEOLA, MAHARASHTRA.

2. INTRODUCTION
• Surgical instruments can be generally divided into five classes by function. These
classes are:
• Cutting instruments and dissecting: Scalpels, Scissors, Saws.
• Grasping or holding instruments: Smooth [anatomical] and Toothed [surgical]
Forceps, Towel Clamps, vascular clamps, and organ holders.
• Hemostatic instruments: Kocher’s and Bill Roth's clamps, hemostatic “mosquito”
forceps, a traumatic hemostatic forceps, Duchamp's needle, Heffner's hemostatic
forceps.
• Retractors:Farabef’s C-shaped laminar hook, blunt-toothed hook, sharp-toothed
hook, grooved probe, tamp forceps.
• tissue unifying instruments and materials: needle holders, surgical needles,
staplers, clips, adhesive tapes.

3. Scalpel
• This is a surgical knife that comes with a sharp stainless steel blade.
Whether it is a minor or a major surgery, a correct surgical incision is
a must, which is not possible without a scalpel. Each and every
surgery has its own specific needs. For instance, a minor surgery will
require a small incision whereas a major surgery may demand an
incision deep into the skin tissues. So taking this into consideration,
scalpels are manufactured in a variety of sizes. The blades of scalpel
are detachable and many times this instrument is designed for one
time use only.

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