The Supreme Court of India is the premier judicial court under the Constitution of India. It is the highest constitutional court, and has the power of judicial review.

1. SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

2. • The Supreme Court in India was established through an enactment
passed in pre-independent India with an introduction of the
regulating acts 1773.
• The 1st Supreme Court started its function as a court of record at
Calcutta and the 1st Chief Justice was Sir. E.Impey was appointed.
The court was established to result in the disputes in Bengal,
Orissa, & Patna.
• Consequently, in 1800 & 1834 the King Geroge-3 established the
other 2 Supreme Court in Bombay and Madras.
• However soon after the enactment of the Indian High Court 1861,
the Supreme Court in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras were
consequently abolished and the court followed in Calcutta,
Bombay, Madras resume functioning as High Court.

3. • In 1935, the British parliament enacted the Government of India
Act,1935. After a resolution was passed by the joint select
committee which was headed by Lord Linlithgow.
• The Government of India Act, 1935 lead to the establishment of
the federal court in India.
• Which has vested more judicial power than the High Court with
original appellate and advisory jurisdiction?
• After independence, the Constitution Of India was adopted on
26th January 1950.
• And the federal court of India resumed functioning as the Supreme
Court of India on 28th January 1950 which was resided by
Honorable Mister Justice. Harilal J. Kania

4. • As per Article-124(1) of the Constitution Of India, there should be a
Supreme Court in India that resided by the Chief Justice of India with
additional 7 Judges until the parliament passes President for
increasing the number of Judges.
• However, currently, there are 34 Judges in the Supreme Court and
the current Chief Justice of India is Justice Mr. Sharad Arvind
Bobde.

5. • IMPORTANCE OF SUPREME COURT:
• In the constitution Of India, Part-5 (chapter-6) deals with the powers,
functions, appointment, retirement, jurisdiction, etc. From Article -
(124 to 147).
• The following are important of the establishment of the Supreme
Court:
• 1. The Supreme Court is the highest appeal court that is also known
as the apex court of India and even the last resource was the citizens
of India can seek Justice if they are not satisfied with the judgment of
the High Court.
• 2. The citizens of India as per Article-32 of court can even directly
fought for remedy through writs if the Fundamental Rights are violated.
• 3. The Supreme Court has judicial review powers(ie) being vested
through Article-13 of the Constitution Of India. This means the
Supreme Court has the powers to strike down any legislation and
executive with the Constitution Of India.

6. • FUNCTIONS OF SUPREME COURT:
• 1. The Supreme Court gives the final verdict against the appeal
from other subsidiary courts (ie) High Court.
• 2. It acts as an institution issues from the different governmental
bodies, central government and the state government matters are
resolved.
• 3. As per Article-141 of Constitution Of India laws passed by the
Supreme Court apply to all courts within the Indian Territory.
• 4. It matters of the Supreme Court also acts on its own and can
pass Suo Moto.

7. •POWERS OF SUPREME COURT:
• The Supreme Court has the following Powers, that are Jurisdiction.
• 1. ORIGINAL JURISDICTION:
• • As per Article-131 of the Constitution Of India. The Supreme
Court functions the original jurisdiction over matters in which the
disputes are either between the central government and the state
government or between 2 or more state governments.
• • As per Article-139 of the Constitution Of India. The Supreme
Court has the power to issue Jurists, Order, or direction.
• • As per Article-32 of the Constitution Of India. The Supreme
Court has the authority to enforce Fundamental Rights

8. • •As per Article-139(A) of the Constitution Of India.
• The Supreme Court or its discretion or the advice of the Attorney
General of India can take up the cases during the pendency of the
matter from High Court.
• If the same issues are deposed of the Supreme Court(ie) related to
the question of law.
• And it can also transfer the pending cases, appeal or other
proceedings to give Justice from one High Court to another High
Court.

9. • 2.APPELLATE JURISDICTION:
• • As per Article-132,133,134 of Constitution Of India. The
Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction in matters that are related
to civil, criminal, or constitutional.
• • As per Article-136 of Constitution. The Supreme Court has the
power to issue special leave (ie) being by any tribunal courts in India.
But it does not apply to any courts.
• 3.ADVISORY JURISDICTION:
• • As per Article-143 of the Constitution Of India. The Supreme
Court can advise the President Of India that is related to the
question of Law and Nature of the resources associated with public
importance. And the President Of India can seek the opinion in the
matters that are related to Article-131 of the Constitution Of India.

10. •4.REVIEW JURISDICTION:
• As per Article-137 of the Constitution Of India. The Supreme Court
has the power to review any laws that are being passed by the
legislature.
•CONCLUSION:
• The Supreme Court is the highest appealing body in our jurisdiction
with its establishment Justice is being proclaimed by the citizen of
India. The powers that are rested upon the Supreme Court are to
ensure the fairytale in matters that are about the Constitution Of
India. Hence it also protects the world's largest democratic statute.