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Summer Internship Report
Name: Waqar ahmed javed
Institute: UET, Lahore
Subject: City and regional planning
Program: Bachelor Degree
Contact: +923414012190
Email: waqarjaved10@yahoo.com
Internship: From 18-august-2105 to 18-september-2105 at Descon
Engineering Limited
Business Area (BA): Plant Construction and Services (PC&S)
Supervisor Name:
Syed Bilal Hassan Gillani and Aqeel ahmed
Incharge Project Controls:
Shahzad Hussain Qureshi

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1. Preface:
In day the need of humans increases with a large amount. Because of this reason we always
require new technique.
And if we want to build up new technology everyone should be educated. Our first aim as
engineers is educate ourselves in the fast growing technology in the world. We need enough
theoretical education more experience and more practice.
By this summer course we get some practice and see an engineer’s life in company, in other
words these us to look from an engineers and planners eye.
Currently I’m completing a Bachelor’s degree in City and regional planning at the University of
Engineering and Technology, Lahore. I am in my 3rd year and therefore I have to conduct a 4
weeks internship. The reason I choose to do my internship in Descon is because I wanted to
benefit from the experience
In this internship report I will describe my experiences during my internship period. The
internship report contains an overview of the internship company and the activities, tasks and
projects that I have worked on during my internship. Writing this report, I also will describe and
reflect my learning objects and personal goals that I have set during my internship period.

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Table of Content:
1. Preface…………………………………………………………………………Page 2
2. Acknowledgment ……………………………………………………………..Page 4
3. Abstract ……………………………………………………………………….Page 5
4. Internship Objectives ………………………………………..………………...Page 6
4.1. Overview about planning & execution…………………………………...Page 6
4.2. Overview of Primavera P6……………………………………………….Page 12
4.2.1. Project: Planning of Bahria Apartments through P6……… ……Page 12
5. Recommendation and Conclusion…………………………………………….Page 13

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2. Acknowledgment:
I would like to thank to my Supervisor and their team for their guidance and support. They gave
me worthy knowledge about organization’s operations, gave me orientation about company
which was very useful , helped me whenever I asked or didn’t ask , assigned me different tasks
that enhance my knowledge about Descon Engineering Limited (DEL).
“Nothing can stop the man
With the right mental attitude
From achieving his goal.
Nothing on Earth
Can help the man
With the wrong mental attitude.”

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3. Abstract:
The project management decides the project engineering and project leader for the project. It
approve the design and resources required for the project. Manufacturing is started in the 4th
phase of the project. First three phases belongs to acquiring a project, planning, allocating
resources and acquisition of raw material. Clients themselves arrange the raw material or there
concerned project.
In the 4 week, we learned how every is thing is planned even before starting a Project. How plan
is converted in Latest Forecast Plan (LF). We decide target for 3 months and this target is break
down into single week target. Why we need to level the resources to make an executable plan?
How we are using P6 for scheduling a project? At the back end, Forward and Backward Pass are
used for scheduling.
How we are using In-House softwares for monitoring the progress, efficiency and updating the
P6 plan.

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4.1 Internship Objectives:
I am working in the Planning and Control department. So our objectives are to plan and monitor
the progress and efficiency of Project using P6 and PCS (In-house Software’s).
It covers activities from the time a construction job is awarded to the company, planning and
mobilization stages, scheduling execution and monitoring of activities, interaction with the
client, work completion stage, demobilization and finally incorporation of feedback from
projects as they are completed.
4.1.1Overview of Planning and Execution:
Project planning involves breaking down the entire project into smaller manageable activities,
determining the durations, interrelationship, and resource requirements of each activity. Once
this has been completed then the application of resources is scheduled in a planned manner.
Arrangements are made to monitor progress and costs. When work has started progress and
resource utilization are monitored closely.
Corrective actions are taken wherever required in order to be able to meet the agreed objectives
for the project.
4.1.1.1Planning Techniques:
I. Work break down structure
II. Organization break down structure
III. Mapping of WBS and OBS
IV. Cost Centre and mapping with BOQ
I. Work Break DownStructure (WBS):
This is a convenient way of breaking down a long and complex package into work packages of
smaller duration and complexity so that the project becomes cost effectively manageable and
executable. A properly planned WBS delivers the following benefits
 The project can be planned systematically
 Resources can be effectively scheduled
 Work teams can be assigned responsibilities
 Costs and budget elements can be compared
In construction projects the division of the overall construction work can start on the basis of
discipline and then proceed down into areas, zones. Typical WBS in DESCON environment is as
follows:
1. Project
1.1 Construction
1.1.1 Discipline

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1.1.1.1 Zone/Area
1.1.1.1.1 Cost Center/Activity
II. Organizationbreak down structure:
OBS represents a project organization structure that matches with WBS to give effective control
over the project. Typical OBS in DESCON environment is as follows:
1. Site Manager
1.1 Construction Manager
1.1.1 Discipline In-charge
1.1.1.1 Discipline Engineer
1.1.1.1.1 Discipline Supervisor
III. Mapping of WBS and OBS:
Mapping of WBS on OBS is a process of forming “Work Packages” for each chain of command
in an organization for the successful achievement of goals. At Descon projects WBS are mapped
with OBS as follows:
WBS OBS
Project Site Manager
Construction Construction Manager
Discipline Discipline In-charge
Zone/Area Discipline Engineer
Cost Center/Activity Discipline Supervisor
IV. CostCentre and mapping with BOQ
A Cost Center (CCTR) is the smallest measurable unit of work / activity to which costs can be
booked. In Descon, standardized cost centers have been identified and listed for most of the
construction activities. These are used at the estimation stage and the same cost centers are used
during scheduling and monitoring of progress and for assimilation of costs.
5.1.1.1 Developing the master plan:
It includes the following:
I. Identifying activities
II. Allocating durations
III. Assigning relationships
IV. Scheduling
Critical path method and determining the critical path
V. Resource loading
VI. Consolidated resource requirement
VII. Smoothing resource requirements

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VIII. Trimming of peaks
IX. Filling up a trough
X. Assigning responsibility
I. Identifying activities:
During the process of preparing the work break down structure the overall scope has been broken
down into individual activities. Activities are of many types but the main type is a task, which
has the following characteristics.
 Consumes time
 Consumes resources
 Has a definite start and finish
 Is assignable
 Is measurable
Other types of activities are milestones which represent an event or a phase.
II. Allocating durations:
The next phase of the overall scheduling process is allocation of duration to each activity.
Duration may be allocated on the basis of nature/quantum of work, availability of resources and
the past experience.
III. Assigning relationships:
The activities should be linked together in a logical way as these are supposed to be executed.
These relationships are to be decided by the Planning Team.
The four possible relationships may be as follows:
a. FS
b. SF
c. SS
d. FF
IV. Scheduling:
Scheduled start and finish dates for each activity and ultimately the entire project are calculated
based on the estimated duration of the activities, the relationships between the activities and any
applicable constraint.
This process is done in two steps
In the first step called Forward Pass early start and finish dates of each activity are calculated
starting from the project start date.
In the next step called Backward Pass late start and finish dates of each activity are calculated
starting from the project finish date.

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V. Critical path method and determining the critical path:
Critical path is the continuous chain of activities with the longest accumulative duration and nil
Total Float. It determines the project duration.
Extra care should be given to activities that fall on critical path, as delay in any of these will
result in delay of the whole project. Forward planning should be done to make sure nothing
hinders critical activities. Resource requirement for critical activities should be met on priority.
VI. Resource loading:
Resources must be consumed to complete an activity. The resources required may include
manpower, tools and plants, cranes and heavy machinery, direct materials, consumables, special
jigs and fixtures etc.
Resource loading is to be carried out by the proposals department using their estimation
software Win Bid. In Win Bid each BOQ item is assigned a cost center and required resources
are also assigned. The data is then exported to Primavera or P3 from Win Bid on any of the
following basis:
a) Area as activities
b) BOQ items as activities
c) Area / CCTR as activities
Following resource data can also be exported to P3 from Win Bid:
a) Direct man-hours
b) Craft wise man-hour breakup
c) Direct material
d) Direct Consumables
e) Equipment (from Packages)
VII. Consolidatedresource requirement:
After resources allocation to each activity is finalized, a time based requirement of each resource
is generated for the entire project life span. This gives the consolidated requirement of each
resource for each time interval.
VIII. Smoothing resource requirements:
Ideally, resource requirement should be a smooth curve, i.e. gradual increase
till it reaches its peak, maintains peak for required period and then gradually decreases till project
is complete.

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IX. Trimming of peaks:
There are ways and means to smoothen resource requirement to the possible extent. The
activities should be rescheduled, keeping the logic intact, so that peaks should be trimmed off
and more resource requirement is generated to fill up the troughs. Employing the following
techniques can help a lot in doing this
 Look for activities that fall in that period especially the one starting in the peak period or
the one finishing in that period.
 Among these activities, concentrate more on the activities with large requirement for that
resource and with bigger free floats.
 Increase the duration of activities with large requirement of that resource and with large
free float lying in the peak period.
X. Filling up a trough
 Look for the activities that are either finishing immediately before the trough period or
starting immediately after that period.
 Among these activities, concentrate more on the activities with large requirement for that
resource and with bigger free floats.
 Try to drag such activities, keeping the logic intact, into the trough period either by
delaying its finish date or by starting it early.
XI. Assigning responsibility:
 Activities should be defined so that the responsibility for activity completion is clear and
assignable to a single party.
 If the activity is to be completed by the contractor's own force then it should be assigned
to a proper supervisor.
 If the activity is to be completed by the subcontractor or the vendor, responsibility should
be assigned accordingly.
4.1.1.2Levels of Plan:
There are various levels of planning depending upon the extent to which the activities have been
broken down and the details provided therein.
In DESCON generally four levels of plans are prepared.
 Level - 1 Plan:
This is the basic contractual plan that defines start and end dates for each of the major activities
like design, procurement and construction.

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 Level - 2 Plan:
In this level, the discipline-wise schedule for each of the above major activities is prepared. For
example the schedule for civil, mechanical and E&I construction activities is defined separately.
 Level - 3 Plan:
In this level, the level – 2 plan is broken down into various Zones/Areas. The activities of Level-
2 plan are further divided into smaller activities (up-to
Cost Centers level) and schedule for each Cost center is provided. For example Mechanical
discipline is further broken down to rotary equipment, stationary equipment, CS piping
fabrication etc.
 Level - 4 Plan:
This plan is prepared at site. In this plan the activities of the level – 3 plan are broken down to
Drawing/Isometric level. In Descon working this exercise is done at supervisor level.

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Overviewof Primavera P6:
This session was held with Sir Aqeel ahmed . We learn how the Project requirement is
identified. When the need for a Project is identified, there will be series of feasibility studies for
fulfilling that need. For example, Power (need) is identified then there will be feasibility study.
In feasibility study, we study hydropower, wind power and power plant. And see how much
efficiency we can achieve without spending much cost.
Project is awarded to the construction company.
He also told me to which level we are using P6 for planning purposes.
Primavera Project Planner is an Off-the-Shelf package meant for planning and monitoring
purposes on small, medium and large-scale projects.
In the pre-mobilization stage it is used for revising the level 3 plan and for drawing up the 3 month
and 4 week look ahead plans.
The allocation of resources and their smoothing is carried out in P6.
During the project execution phase it is used for updating the project master schedule and for
generating the3 month and 4 week look ahead plans.
For practicing P6, We are assigned to do a Project
Project: Planning of Bahria Apartments:
We planned apartments of bahria in which we define the project, identify activities and assigned
duration to each activity and then assign relationship to each activity . After this, we schedule the
project.

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5. ConclusionsAnd Recommendations:
5.1.1. Conclusions:
While the 4weeks training, I learned too many things that I hadn’t ever heard. I found myself in a
quiet working environment. Because the system used in DEL (Descon Engineering Limited) is
processing almost faultless. I got too many things in this course for the name of planning in
engineering.
I came to know as nothing happen unplanned in world of Almighty Allah. So we as human try to
plan different thing before we are going to perform that work. I am quite happy to be a part of
PC&S BA.
This training showed me the possibility of processing of a system which is too important and is
used to intensive. In sum, the work I performed helped me in gaining practical experience that
served as complementary knowledge to my theoretical background. It was challenging and fun.
Finally, I completed my summer practice with good impressions and experiences.
5.1.2. Recommendations:
Descon is doing well in giving opportunities for engineers to gain experience in a well-established
organization during their education.
This year, Descon started an officially Intern-ship Program for students doing their Bachelor
Degree. That’s why I am sitting here and saying thanks to this Organization. I think as in our
department we have plan for 4-week internship, there should be same plan for other department.