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SUMMARIZATION
      We all require it.
    So who is teaching it?




    Sean P. Nash - compiled April, 2009
+AGREE or DISAGREE-
•   Summarization if one of the nine most effective teaching
    strategies in the history of education.

•   Summarization is restating the essence of text or an
    experience in as few words as possible or in a new, yet
    efficient manner.

•   Information student take in during a 45 min. lecture rarely
    makes it to long-term memory.

•   Summarization must be taught with an awareness that it is a
    strategy for making content “stick.”
Do you require
    students to
     summarize
within your course?
ASSIGN
  vs.
TEACH
SUMMARIZATION
     is...
“...restating the essence
       of text or an
  experience in as few
words as possible or in
    a new, yet efficient
         manner.”
                      Wormeli, 2005
“...and can be done in
     writing, orally,
dramatically, artistically,
   visually, physically,
musically, in groups or
      individually.”
                       Wormeli, 2005
WHY
   all the
ATTENTION?
“Summarization is
  among the top nine
most effective teaching
strategies in the history
     of education.”
                     Marzano, 2001
FOUND
WHERE?
“summarizing
     &
 notetaking”
           Marzano, 2001
“nonlinguistic
representations”
              Marzano, 2001
“cues, questions
  & advanced
  organizers”
              Marzano, 2001
“LECTURE”
  isn’t evil.
...but in 2009, perhaps
   45 minute lectures
           are.
“CHUNKING”
   works.
15 minutes of “lecture”
 followed by an active
     summarization
       experience
                     Souza, 2001
SO WHAT
  DOES IT
LOOK LIKE?
MANY STRATEGIES:

• ACTIVATE STUDENT’S PERSONAL
  BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE
• PRIME STUDENT’S BRAINS
• TEACH TEXT STRUCTURE...

                                Wormeli, 2005
TEACH UNDERLYING
 TEXT STRUCTURE:
             *PS- a solid “test taking”
                 strategy as well!



 • enumeration
 • chronological order
 • compare & contrast
 • cause & effect
 • problem & solution
                                          Wormeli, 2005
MORE STRATEGIES:
• INTRODUCE STUDENTS TO
 ANALOGIES
• CHUNK TEXT AND LEARNING
 EXPERIENCES
• TEACH ACTIVE READING TOOLS
• STRESS SCHOLARLY OBJECTIVITY
• TEACH STUDENTS TO EVALUATE THEIR
 OWN SUMMARIES
                               Wormeli, 2005

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Summarization - We all require it... who is teaching it?

  • 1. SUMMARIZATION We all require it. So who is teaching it? Sean P. Nash - compiled April, 2009
  • 2. +AGREE or DISAGREE- • Summarization if one of the nine most effective teaching strategies in the history of education. • Summarization is restating the essence of text or an experience in as few words as possible or in a new, yet efficient manner. • Information student take in during a 45 min. lecture rarely makes it to long-term memory. • Summarization must be taught with an awareness that it is a strategy for making content “stick.”
  • 3. Do you require students to summarize within your course?
  • 6. “...restating the essence of text or an experience in as few words as possible or in a new, yet efficient manner.” Wormeli, 2005
  • 7. “...and can be done in writing, orally, dramatically, artistically, visually, physically, musically, in groups or individually.” Wormeli, 2005
  • 8. WHY all the ATTENTION?
  • 9. “Summarization is among the top nine most effective teaching strategies in the history of education.” Marzano, 2001
  • 11. “summarizing & notetaking” Marzano, 2001
  • 13. “cues, questions & advanced organizers” Marzano, 2001
  • 15. ...but in 2009, perhaps 45 minute lectures are.
  • 16. “CHUNKING” works.
  • 17. 15 minutes of “lecture” followed by an active summarization experience Souza, 2001
  • 18. SO WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE?
  • 19. MANY STRATEGIES: • ACTIVATE STUDENT’S PERSONAL BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE • PRIME STUDENT’S BRAINS • TEACH TEXT STRUCTURE... Wormeli, 2005
  • 20. TEACH UNDERLYING TEXT STRUCTURE: *PS- a solid “test taking” strategy as well! • enumeration • chronological order • compare & contrast • cause & effect • problem & solution Wormeli, 2005
  • 21. MORE STRATEGIES: • INTRODUCE STUDENTS TO ANALOGIES • CHUNK TEXT AND LEARNING EXPERIENCES • TEACH ACTIVE READING TOOLS • STRESS SCHOLARLY OBJECTIVITY • TEACH STUDENTS TO EVALUATE THEIR OWN SUMMARIES Wormeli, 2005