Performance Pulsation Control specializes in the engineering, design, and manufacture of pulsation control devices. This presentation outlines the benefits of suction stabilizers in pulsation control.
This document provides an overview of mechanical seal piping plans used by Flowserve's Flow Solutions Division. It summarizes 14 single seal plans and 8 dual/quench/gas seal plans. Each plan page shows a seal end view diagram, description of what the plan is, why it is used, where it is applicable, and tips for preventative maintenance. The plans provide ways to keep mechanical seals running cleanly and cool through circulation of barrier fluids.
The document discusses various issues encountered with rod pump systems in Agiba oil fields and the remedial actions taken. It covers problems like gas interference, fluid pounding, scale deposition, sucker rod failures, sand production, stuck pumps, and tubing wear. Tests of techniques like gas anchors, variable slippage pumps, hollow sucker rods, and roller guides are summarized. Common troubleshooting indicators and techniques are also outlined, along with practices to avoid.
Wellhead and Christmas tree products are used to monitor well pressure, adjust oil/gas well flow and prevent the release of hazardous liquid and gas from entering into air or water
The document discusses various components used in surface wellhead systems, including casing heads, casing spools, tubing heads, tubing hangers, valves, and trees. It describes the purpose and features of different types of casing hangers, casing spools, tubing heads, tubing head adapters, valves, and trees. The document is a presentation about surface wellhead components provided by Amr Haggag.
Pumps are machines that use mechanical action to move fluids by increasing pressure or lifting them against gravity. There are two main types of pumps: positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps. Positive displacement pumps work by trapping a fixed amount of fluid and forcing it into the discharge pipe with a piston, plunger, gears, lobes or diaphragm. Centrifugal pumps use centrifugal force from an impeller to accelerate and direct fluid outwards into a discharge pipe. Proper maintenance is important for pump efficiency and performance.
Valves are mechanical devices that regulate fluid flow by stopping, starting, throttling, and directing fluid movement. The main components of a valve include the body, bonnet, stem, disc, seat, and actuator. Valves are classified by their function as on/off, regulating, or protective. Common industrial valves include ball, gate, globe, butterfly, check, and diaphragm valves. Selection depends on the fluid, pressure, temperature, flow characteristics, and other criteria. Valve standards are set by organizations like API, ASME, and ANSI.
The document discusses well intervention pressure control and completion equipment. It provides information on:
- Well control considerations for wireline, coiled tubing, and snubbing unit operations.
- Characteristics and density ranges of common completion fluids like brines, oils, and how their density changes with temperature.
- Types of wellhead and Christmas tree configurations including conventional, solid block, and horizontal trees.
- Downhole tools used in completions like tubing hangers, safety valves, packers, and nipples.
- Surface controlled subsurface safety valves (SCSSV) that can be remotely closed from the surface in an emergency.
This document provides an overview of mechanical seal piping plans used by Flowserve's Flow Solutions Division. It summarizes 14 single seal plans and 8 dual/quench/gas seal plans. Each plan page shows a seal end view diagram, description of what the plan is, why it is used, where it is applicable, and tips for preventative maintenance. The plans provide ways to keep mechanical seals running cleanly and cool through circulation of barrier fluids.
The document discusses various issues encountered with rod pump systems in Agiba oil fields and the remedial actions taken. It covers problems like gas interference, fluid pounding, scale deposition, sucker rod failures, sand production, stuck pumps, and tubing wear. Tests of techniques like gas anchors, variable slippage pumps, hollow sucker rods, and roller guides are summarized. Common troubleshooting indicators and techniques are also outlined, along with practices to avoid.
Wellhead and Christmas tree products are used to monitor well pressure, adjust oil/gas well flow and prevent the release of hazardous liquid and gas from entering into air or water
The document discusses various components used in surface wellhead systems, including casing heads, casing spools, tubing heads, tubing hangers, valves, and trees. It describes the purpose and features of different types of casing hangers, casing spools, tubing heads, tubing head adapters, valves, and trees. The document is a presentation about surface wellhead components provided by Amr Haggag.
Pumps are machines that use mechanical action to move fluids by increasing pressure or lifting them against gravity. There are two main types of pumps: positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps. Positive displacement pumps work by trapping a fixed amount of fluid and forcing it into the discharge pipe with a piston, plunger, gears, lobes or diaphragm. Centrifugal pumps use centrifugal force from an impeller to accelerate and direct fluid outwards into a discharge pipe. Proper maintenance is important for pump efficiency and performance.
Valves are mechanical devices that regulate fluid flow by stopping, starting, throttling, and directing fluid movement. The main components of a valve include the body, bonnet, stem, disc, seat, and actuator. Valves are classified by their function as on/off, regulating, or protective. Common industrial valves include ball, gate, globe, butterfly, check, and diaphragm valves. Selection depends on the fluid, pressure, temperature, flow characteristics, and other criteria. Valve standards are set by organizations like API, ASME, and ANSI.
The document discusses well intervention pressure control and completion equipment. It provides information on:
- Well control considerations for wireline, coiled tubing, and snubbing unit operations.
- Characteristics and density ranges of common completion fluids like brines, oils, and how their density changes with temperature.
- Types of wellhead and Christmas tree configurations including conventional, solid block, and horizontal trees.
- Downhole tools used in completions like tubing hangers, safety valves, packers, and nipples.
- Surface controlled subsurface safety valves (SCSSV) that can be remotely closed from the surface in an emergency.
Steam traps are automatic valves that drain condensate and non-condensable gases from steam systems without allowing steam to escape. There are several types of steam traps that operate using different mechanisms: mechanical traps use float devices or inverted buckets, thermostatic traps detect temperature differences, and thermodynamic traps use pressure changes from steam flashing to condensate. Proper steam trap selection depends on the application needs such as venting air, operating pressure, load size, and resistance to freezing or dirt.
introduction to ESP (electrical submersible pump), working principle of ESP (electrical submersible pump), Application of ESP (electrical submersible pump), Uses of ESP in Oil Well, Specification of ESP (electrical submersible pump), New varieties of ESP (electrical submersible pump).
The document discusses various artificial lift technologies used in oil production, including reciprocating rod lift systems, progressing cavity pumps, gas lift systems, plunger lift systems, hydraulic lift systems, and electric submersible pumps. It provides details on the advantages and limitations of each system, as well as parameters for determining appropriate applications, such as operating depth, volume, temperature, and wellbore characteristics. Selection of the optimal artificial lift method involves a systematic evaluation process to maximize return on investment.
CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR SETTLE OUT CONDITIONS TUTORIALVijay Sarathy
Centrifugal Compressors are a preferred choice in gas transportation industry, mainly due to their ability to cater to varying loads. In the event of a compressor shutdown as a planned event, i.e., normal shutdown (NSD), the anti-surge valve is opened to recycle gas from the discharge back to the suction (thereby moving the operating point away from the surge line) and the compressor is tripped via the driver (electric motor or Gas turbine / Steam Turbine). In the case of an unplanned event, i.e., emergency shutdown such as power failure, the compressor trips first followed by the anti-surge valve opening. In doing so, the gas content in the suction side & discharge side mix.
Therefore, settle out conditions is explained as the equilibrium pressure and temperature reached in the compressor piping and equipment volume following a compressor shutdown
This presentation is a course a bout wellheads which includes the basic components of the well head and the advanced techniques.
helping students who are cared about petroleum industry to increase their knowledge about this tool that is important for both drilling and production.
For Further information, use the following LinkedIn account:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/mohamed-abdelshafy-abozeima-9b7589119/
Mechanical seals are key components in centrifugal pumps that prevent fluid from leaking out of the pump casing. They consist of two faces, one stationary and one rotating, located between the impeller and rear casing. Pumps in harsh environments require more abrasion-resistant seals than regular pumps. Mechanical seals reduce leakage compared to gland packings, saving power. Proper flushing plans are needed to lubricate, cool, and clean the seal while removing particles to minimize abrasion and extend seal life. Common operational and maintenance errors that reduce seal life include dry running, suction choking, foreign materials, improper flushing plans, misalignment, stuffing box issues, and failed bearings.
Centrifugal pumps are machines which use centrifugal force to move liquids. In this program, you will learn the principles, parts, and general operation of these pumps, what pump efficiency is, and how head and pressure are calculated.
Performance Pulsation Control specializes in the engineering, design, and manufacture of maintenance free and gas charged pulsation control devices for oil and gas, well service and industrial applications. This presentation explains the benefits of discharge dampeners for pulsation control.
A pilot operated pressure relief valve uses a small pilot valve to control a larger main valve. The pilot valve opens when system pressure reaches the set pressure, reducing pressure in the main valve dome area and allowing the main valve to fully open and relieve pressure from the system. Below the set pressure, sensing pressure from the pilot valve acts to keep the main valve sealed closed. When system pressure exceeds the set point, the pilot valve opens, reducing pressure on the main valve and causing it to lift fully and open, relieving pressure from the system.
Valves operation and functions complete guideElsayed Amer
Eng. El Sayed Amer is a senior process and production engineer at Suez Oil Co. He has worked as a drilling and completion engineer for Weatherford drilling international. He is also an instructor for oil and gas courses. He is a member of several professional engineering organizations and certified in process modeling and reservoir simulation software. He has expertise in valves technology and operations in the process industry.
This document provides information about different types of valves, their components, and testing procedures. It discusses the main types of valves including gate valves, globe valves, ball valves, butterfly valves, and check valves. For each type it provides details on their design, advantages, and disadvantages. It also covers common valve components, connections, materials, and how to read a trim chart. Finally, it describes the various testing methods for valves outlined in API 598 including shell tests, backseat tests, and high and low pressure closure tests. It provides guidelines for test pressures, fluids, durations, and acceptable leakage rates.
Manual de serviço turuna (1979) informacThiago Huari
Este manual fornece instruções para manutenção e reparos da motocicleta Honda 125 Turuna, dividido em capítulos sobre partes gerais e específicas. Inclui especificações técnicas, diagramas elétricos, tabela de manutenção periódica e ferramentas recomendadas.
This document provides an overview and user guide for PIPESIM 2000 software. It describes the hardware and software requirements for setup, additional documentation available, and an overview of the software modules for pipeline and facilities modeling, well performance analysis, network analysis, production optimization, and field planning. The document also covers file management, security features, new features in PIPESIM 2000, and Baker Jardine support services.
This document provides information about valves technology and operations. It defines what a valve is, discusses common valve components like the body, bonnet, stem, disc and seat. It also covers different types of valves like globe valves, ball valves, gate valves, check valves and butterfly valves. The document classifies valves according to their function, application, motion and port size. It provides details on each valve type including their working principles, advantages and disadvantages.
1. The document discusses procedures for calculating pressure safety valve (PSV) sizes for various scenarios that could lead to overpressure. It covers scenarios like closed outlets, external fires, control valve failures, hydraulic expansion, heat exchanger tube ruptures, and power or cooling failures.
2. Calculation methods include enthalpy balances for fractionating columns and the use of relief equations specified in codes like API 521. Worst cases are chosen from all possible scenarios to determine the required PSV size.
3. Key scenarios discussed in detail include closed outlets on vessels, external fires, failures of automatic controls, hydraulic expansion, heat exchanger tube ruptures, total and partial power failures, reflux losses,
perforated joint, flow coupling and blast jointElsayed Amer
This document discusses perforated joints, flow couplings, and blast joints used in downhole equipment. A perforated joint is installed above a no-go and provides flow bypass when gauges are installed. It must have a total cross-sectional area of holes equivalent to the tubing internal diameter. Flow couplings are installed where turbulence is expected, such as above and below crossovers or nipples, and have thicker walls to prevent early erosion failures. Blast joints are placed near perforations and have heavy, blast-resistant coatings to protect from extreme erosional forces opposite open perforations.
Based on my 8 years of experience in Oil & Gas industry I can claim that you can find here All what you need to know about Valves. This is an introduction to understand more about their:-
- Classification.
- Selection
- Most common Types.
You can find also more at:
http://hassanelbanhawi.com/staticequipment/valves
All the data and the illustrative figures presented here can be found through two reference books:-
ENGINEERING DATA BOOK by Gas Processors Suppliers Association
Process Technology - Equipment and Systems by Charles E. Thomas
Thank you.
Gas Lift Optimization and Troubleshooting Bailey LeRoux
This document provides an overview of gas-lift optimization and troubleshooting. It discusses identifying underperforming wells using metrics like the well performance factor and target injection differential. It then covers optimizing wells by adjusting injection gas rates, removing surface restrictions, redesigning the system, and adding secondary lift. Common inlet, outlet, and downhole problems are outlined along with tests and adjustments to address issues. Tuning the well for continuous flow is also described. Finally, tools for surface and subsurface data collection to aid in troubleshooting are listed.
This document provides information on gas lift valve mechanics, including the three basic types of gas lift valves, how they operate, and the forces involved in opening and closing them. It discusses unloading valves, orifice valves, and how gas lift valves close in sequence from the bottom of the well upward. Diagrams show the components of different gas lift valve designs and the formulas used to calculate valve opening and closing pressures.
Performance Pulsation Control specializes in the engineering, design, and manufacture of maintenance free and gas charge pulsation control devices. This presentation outlines basic pulsation control terminology.
Centrifugal pumps are best suited for large volume applications or smaller volumes with a high volume to pressure ratio. The selection of a centrifugal pump depends on system throughput, viscosity, specific gravity, and head requirements. Key parameters that impact applications are pump performance curves showing differential head and capacity. It is important to ensure sufficient net positive suction head to avoid cavitation. Centrifugal pumps can be operated singly, in series, or in parallel to achieve desired throughput and pressure conditions.
Steam traps are automatic valves that drain condensate and non-condensable gases from steam systems without allowing steam to escape. There are several types of steam traps that operate using different mechanisms: mechanical traps use float devices or inverted buckets, thermostatic traps detect temperature differences, and thermodynamic traps use pressure changes from steam flashing to condensate. Proper steam trap selection depends on the application needs such as venting air, operating pressure, load size, and resistance to freezing or dirt.
introduction to ESP (electrical submersible pump), working principle of ESP (electrical submersible pump), Application of ESP (electrical submersible pump), Uses of ESP in Oil Well, Specification of ESP (electrical submersible pump), New varieties of ESP (electrical submersible pump).
The document discusses various artificial lift technologies used in oil production, including reciprocating rod lift systems, progressing cavity pumps, gas lift systems, plunger lift systems, hydraulic lift systems, and electric submersible pumps. It provides details on the advantages and limitations of each system, as well as parameters for determining appropriate applications, such as operating depth, volume, temperature, and wellbore characteristics. Selection of the optimal artificial lift method involves a systematic evaluation process to maximize return on investment.
CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR SETTLE OUT CONDITIONS TUTORIALVijay Sarathy
Centrifugal Compressors are a preferred choice in gas transportation industry, mainly due to their ability to cater to varying loads. In the event of a compressor shutdown as a planned event, i.e., normal shutdown (NSD), the anti-surge valve is opened to recycle gas from the discharge back to the suction (thereby moving the operating point away from the surge line) and the compressor is tripped via the driver (electric motor or Gas turbine / Steam Turbine). In the case of an unplanned event, i.e., emergency shutdown such as power failure, the compressor trips first followed by the anti-surge valve opening. In doing so, the gas content in the suction side & discharge side mix.
Therefore, settle out conditions is explained as the equilibrium pressure and temperature reached in the compressor piping and equipment volume following a compressor shutdown
This presentation is a course a bout wellheads which includes the basic components of the well head and the advanced techniques.
helping students who are cared about petroleum industry to increase their knowledge about this tool that is important for both drilling and production.
For Further information, use the following LinkedIn account:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/mohamed-abdelshafy-abozeima-9b7589119/
Mechanical seals are key components in centrifugal pumps that prevent fluid from leaking out of the pump casing. They consist of two faces, one stationary and one rotating, located between the impeller and rear casing. Pumps in harsh environments require more abrasion-resistant seals than regular pumps. Mechanical seals reduce leakage compared to gland packings, saving power. Proper flushing plans are needed to lubricate, cool, and clean the seal while removing particles to minimize abrasion and extend seal life. Common operational and maintenance errors that reduce seal life include dry running, suction choking, foreign materials, improper flushing plans, misalignment, stuffing box issues, and failed bearings.
Centrifugal pumps are machines which use centrifugal force to move liquids. In this program, you will learn the principles, parts, and general operation of these pumps, what pump efficiency is, and how head and pressure are calculated.
Performance Pulsation Control specializes in the engineering, design, and manufacture of maintenance free and gas charged pulsation control devices for oil and gas, well service and industrial applications. This presentation explains the benefits of discharge dampeners for pulsation control.
A pilot operated pressure relief valve uses a small pilot valve to control a larger main valve. The pilot valve opens when system pressure reaches the set pressure, reducing pressure in the main valve dome area and allowing the main valve to fully open and relieve pressure from the system. Below the set pressure, sensing pressure from the pilot valve acts to keep the main valve sealed closed. When system pressure exceeds the set point, the pilot valve opens, reducing pressure on the main valve and causing it to lift fully and open, relieving pressure from the system.
Valves operation and functions complete guideElsayed Amer
Eng. El Sayed Amer is a senior process and production engineer at Suez Oil Co. He has worked as a drilling and completion engineer for Weatherford drilling international. He is also an instructor for oil and gas courses. He is a member of several professional engineering organizations and certified in process modeling and reservoir simulation software. He has expertise in valves technology and operations in the process industry.
This document provides information about different types of valves, their components, and testing procedures. It discusses the main types of valves including gate valves, globe valves, ball valves, butterfly valves, and check valves. For each type it provides details on their design, advantages, and disadvantages. It also covers common valve components, connections, materials, and how to read a trim chart. Finally, it describes the various testing methods for valves outlined in API 598 including shell tests, backseat tests, and high and low pressure closure tests. It provides guidelines for test pressures, fluids, durations, and acceptable leakage rates.
Manual de serviço turuna (1979) informacThiago Huari
Este manual fornece instruções para manutenção e reparos da motocicleta Honda 125 Turuna, dividido em capítulos sobre partes gerais e específicas. Inclui especificações técnicas, diagramas elétricos, tabela de manutenção periódica e ferramentas recomendadas.
This document provides an overview and user guide for PIPESIM 2000 software. It describes the hardware and software requirements for setup, additional documentation available, and an overview of the software modules for pipeline and facilities modeling, well performance analysis, network analysis, production optimization, and field planning. The document also covers file management, security features, new features in PIPESIM 2000, and Baker Jardine support services.
This document provides information about valves technology and operations. It defines what a valve is, discusses common valve components like the body, bonnet, stem, disc and seat. It also covers different types of valves like globe valves, ball valves, gate valves, check valves and butterfly valves. The document classifies valves according to their function, application, motion and port size. It provides details on each valve type including their working principles, advantages and disadvantages.
1. The document discusses procedures for calculating pressure safety valve (PSV) sizes for various scenarios that could lead to overpressure. It covers scenarios like closed outlets, external fires, control valve failures, hydraulic expansion, heat exchanger tube ruptures, and power or cooling failures.
2. Calculation methods include enthalpy balances for fractionating columns and the use of relief equations specified in codes like API 521. Worst cases are chosen from all possible scenarios to determine the required PSV size.
3. Key scenarios discussed in detail include closed outlets on vessels, external fires, failures of automatic controls, hydraulic expansion, heat exchanger tube ruptures, total and partial power failures, reflux losses,
perforated joint, flow coupling and blast jointElsayed Amer
This document discusses perforated joints, flow couplings, and blast joints used in downhole equipment. A perforated joint is installed above a no-go and provides flow bypass when gauges are installed. It must have a total cross-sectional area of holes equivalent to the tubing internal diameter. Flow couplings are installed where turbulence is expected, such as above and below crossovers or nipples, and have thicker walls to prevent early erosion failures. Blast joints are placed near perforations and have heavy, blast-resistant coatings to protect from extreme erosional forces opposite open perforations.
Based on my 8 years of experience in Oil & Gas industry I can claim that you can find here All what you need to know about Valves. This is an introduction to understand more about their:-
- Classification.
- Selection
- Most common Types.
You can find also more at:
http://hassanelbanhawi.com/staticequipment/valves
All the data and the illustrative figures presented here can be found through two reference books:-
ENGINEERING DATA BOOK by Gas Processors Suppliers Association
Process Technology - Equipment and Systems by Charles E. Thomas
Thank you.
Gas Lift Optimization and Troubleshooting Bailey LeRoux
This document provides an overview of gas-lift optimization and troubleshooting. It discusses identifying underperforming wells using metrics like the well performance factor and target injection differential. It then covers optimizing wells by adjusting injection gas rates, removing surface restrictions, redesigning the system, and adding secondary lift. Common inlet, outlet, and downhole problems are outlined along with tests and adjustments to address issues. Tuning the well for continuous flow is also described. Finally, tools for surface and subsurface data collection to aid in troubleshooting are listed.
This document provides information on gas lift valve mechanics, including the three basic types of gas lift valves, how they operate, and the forces involved in opening and closing them. It discusses unloading valves, orifice valves, and how gas lift valves close in sequence from the bottom of the well upward. Diagrams show the components of different gas lift valve designs and the formulas used to calculate valve opening and closing pressures.
Performance Pulsation Control specializes in the engineering, design, and manufacture of maintenance free and gas charge pulsation control devices. This presentation outlines basic pulsation control terminology.
Centrifugal pumps are best suited for large volume applications or smaller volumes with a high volume to pressure ratio. The selection of a centrifugal pump depends on system throughput, viscosity, specific gravity, and head requirements. Key parameters that impact applications are pump performance curves showing differential head and capacity. It is important to ensure sufficient net positive suction head to avoid cavitation. Centrifugal pumps can be operated singly, in series, or in parallel to achieve desired throughput and pressure conditions.
Wanner Engineering manufactures diaphragm pumps and accessories like pulsation dampeners. Pulsation dampeners protect pump components from wear by reducing pressure fluctuations inside the pump structure by up to 99% caused by the compression wave created when fluid contacts restrictions. This helps extend the life of positive displacement pumps that use a reciprocating mechanism and are susceptible to damaging pulsation levels.
ACI Services, Inc. is an expert in reciprocating compressor products and services located in Cambridge, Ohio. They offer custom compressor cylinder design and manufacturing, performance control devices, mechanical field services, spare parts, and compressor performance software. Their products and services are designed to improve compressor performance, minimize costs, and solve operational problems for customers.
We specialize in engineering, design and manufacture of maintenance free and gas charged pulsation control devices for oil and gas and industrial applications.
Performance Pulsation Control provides pulsation control products to improve pump performance and prolong pump life. Pulsation in reciprocating pumps negatively impacts efficiency and can cause piping vibration. Their dampeners and stabilizers reduce pulsation by 72% in some cases. Suction pulsation is a major problem that can increase cavitation 10x and reduce pump part life. Their suction stabilizers isolate the pump from pulsations in the suction line, reducing acceleration head loss and improving net positive suction head.
4th International Conference Advanced Suspension SystemsAshleyRowe
The document summarizes an upcoming conference focused on advanced suspension systems for future cars and recuperative damping. The three-day conference will include presentations and workshops on integrating suspension systems, lightweight solutions, challenges in damping systems, suspension systems for electric vehicles and hybrid cars, and more. Experts from automakers like Renault, Volvo Cars, and suppliers like Continental, TRW, and Meritor will discuss the latest technologies and strategies. Attendees can learn how suspension systems improve safety, comfort and reduce fuel consumption and emissions.
This document provides information on diagnosing and testing steering systems. It describes the components of a typical power steering system and procedures for testing flow and pressure. It discusses common steering issues like noise, binding, and insufficient assistance. The document also covers diagnosing the ignition switch, removing and installing the steering column, intermediate shaft, and steering wheel.
Autonomous Ground Vehicles The Darpa Grand Challengexzhou
The document summarizes the DARPA Grand Challenge autonomous vehicle competition. It discusses the challenges of rough terrain, sensor fusion, localization, and obstacle avoidance. It describes how the 2005 winner, Stanley, used laser rangefinders, radar sensors, and machine learning to map its environment and navigate the course probabilistically. The future of autonomous vehicles for civilian use is also briefly mentioned.
Electro mechanical steering system- most advance technologyPept Yadav
This document provides an overview of electro-mechanical steering systems. It discusses the history of steering mechanisms, including the transition from tillers to steering wheels. It then describes the basic components and functions of modern electro-mechanical power steering (EPS) systems, including sensors, motors, and control modules. EPS systems are said to be more efficient than hydraulic systems, with lower energy consumption and easier maintenance. The document concludes that EPS will become the dominant steering technology in future vehicles due to its accuracy, response time, and programmability.
This document discusses vehicle aerodynamics and the various road loads that affect a vehicle's performance and fuel efficiency. It covers topics such as aerodynamic drag, lift forces, pressure distributions, rolling resistance, and how factors like air density, drag coefficients, tire design and crosswinds influence a vehicle's handling and energy usage. The goal of vehicle aerodynamics is to optimize these elements to reduce wind resistance, improve stability, and minimize fuel consumption during driving.
The document discusses advances in electric power steering mechanisms. It provides an overview of electric power steering systems, describing the main components and five modes of operation. It also discusses control strategies for electric power steering that use effort level control based on torque sensing and assistance level control based on vehicle speed. Some benefits of electric power steering over hydraulic power steering systems are also summarized, such as reduced complexity, weight, and fuel consumption.
This presentation discusses pressure measurement and pressure transducers. It begins by defining pressure units and types. It then describes various mechanical pressure transducer technologies including Bourdon tubes, diaphragms, and manometers. It also covers various electrical pressure transducer technologies such as strain gauges, vibrating wire, piezoelectric, capacitance, and optical. The presentation concludes with discussions on installing pressure transducers, how the transducer impacts the overall control loop, and selecting the appropriate transducer type.
Vehicles to travel from one place to another are among the greatest gifts of science to mankind. Of course, man has not stopped at mere wheeled contraptions to travel upon from one place to another. They developed the modern cars that are nothing short of great wonders, so much so that they have their own movies made. One of the most famous movies about cars is Fast and Furious. The seventh movie of the series has been released on 26 March, 2015, and features some of the best cars the series has shown so far. Let us take a look at The Cars In Fast And Furious 7. Shared by: http://revol.com.sg/
Centrifugal pumps use centrifugal action to increase the mechanical energy of a liquid. The key components of a centrifugal pump are the impeller, casing, shaft, and diffuser. The impeller rotates and imparts momentum and pressure increases to the fluid. The casing, or volute, features a gradually increasing space to reduce turbulence as fluid leaves the impeller. A double volute pump design separates the impeller section with a partition to reduce radial loads and vibration compared to a single volute pump. Properly priming a pump removes air from the suction line to prevent performance reductions.
The document provides definitions and descriptions of key components and concepts related to control valves. It discusses:
- What a control valve is and its main components like the valve body, trim, actuator, and accessories.
- Definitions of terms like bonnet, seat, cage, port, packing, and their functions.
- The inherent flow characteristics of control valves like linear, equal percentage, and quick opening.
- Additional concepts covered include vena contracta, cavitation, flashing, and noise in control valves. Diagrams are provided to illustrate cage shapes, plug shapes, and characterized cages for globe-style valves.
This document discusses automatic recirculation valves (ARVs), which are multi-functional valves installed in centrifugal pump lines. ARVs ensure a minimum flow through pumps to prevent overheating and damage. They incorporate a check valve, bypass valve, and pressure control in one body. The document describes the operating principles of ARVs and provides an overview of common scenarios where ARVs protect centrifugal pumps. It also outlines SchuF Fetterolf's product ranges for ARVs, including standard and custom designs, and provides technical details.
This document provides information on various types of pumps and piping systems. It describes the main types of pumps as centrifugal, rotary, reciprocating, and deep well pumps. It also discusses the classification and basic operating principles of centrifugal and reciprocating pumps. Additionally, it covers topics such as pipe sizes, fittings, valves, head losses, cavitation, affinity laws, and equations for calculating pump parameters.
In this day and age of automated computer control valve sizing, the logic and theories behind it are invisible. In his presentation, Al Holton of Allagash Valve & Controls will look at the basic principles that apply and how they affect the application and installation of a wide range of control valve types. He will also review the reasoning behind valve type selection.
The document discusses production systems and their components for transporting reservoir fluids to the surface. It describes how a production system separates oil, gas, and water and prepares them for transport or disposal. The key components include wells, flowlines, manifolds, separators, meters, and storage vessels. Separators use gravity and other mechanisms to separate fluids into gas and liquid phases, with additional fine separation needed to remove liquid carryover in the gas. Horizontal and vertical separators are discussed as well as factors considered in their sizing based on gas and liquid capacities.
The document provides information about pool pumps and pool systems, including:
- Components of centrifugal pumps and their characteristics.
- How to size pumps properly by determining flow rate, total volume of water, and turnover rate.
- Factors that contribute to friction head loss for different system components and how to calculate total dynamic head.
- Information on troubleshooting pumps.
The document discusses accumulator systems which are used to operate blowout preventers (BOPs) in the event of a power failure. It defines accumulators as pressure vessels that store hydraulic fluid energy. The main types are gas-charged bladders, diaphragms, and pistons. Accumulator systems have multiple independent power sources like hydraulic bottles, pneumatics, and electricity. They maintain sufficient pressure to operate all BOP rams. The document provides examples of sizing calculations to ensure accumulators provide adequate fluid volume to close BOP components based on their specific pressures and volumes.
An accumulator is a pressure vessel used to store hydraulic energy for operating blowout preventers and other downhole equipment in the event of an emergency, such as power failure. The three main types are bladder accumulators, diaphragm accumulators, and piston accumulators. An accumulator system consists of accumulators, pumps to pressurize the accumulators, manifolds to distribute hydraulic fluid, and control panels to operate blowout preventers remotely. Properly sizing accumulator systems ensures they can provide adequate pressure, volume, and emergency response to safely operate downhole equipment.
Artificial lift systems are used to increase production from oil wells that can no longer produce on their own. The main types discussed are rod pumping, progressing cavity pumping, electric submersible pumping, gas lifting, and plunger lift. Key factors in selecting a system include the well's production rate, depth, fluid properties, and economic considerations such as capital and operating costs. Performance is evaluated using productivity index curves, decline curves, and analyzing the impact of gas injection on flowing bottomhole pressure.
The document summarizes different types of refrigeration system components including evaporators, compressors, and condensers. It describes the basic refrigeration cycle and explains the functions of evaporators, compressors, condensers, and expansion valves. It then provides more detailed descriptions and diagrams of common compressor types, including reciprocating, rotary, scroll, and screw compressors. For each compressor type, it explains the basic operation and highlights advantages and disadvantages.
The document provides an overview of control valves, including their purpose, key parts, types, flow characteristics, materials of construction, and common accessories. Control valves play an important role in automatically controlling processes by regulating fluid flow. They function as a variable resistance and provide a pressure drop by changing fluid turbulence. Common types include globe, butterfly, ball, and pinch valves. Accessories like positioners, converters, and relays help interface control valves with other system components and controllers.
This document provides an overview of compressors used in various industries. It begins by defining compression as boosting gas pressure and listing common applications in oil and gas, refineries, petrochemical plants, fertilizer production, and refrigeration. The main types of compressors - centrifugal and positive displacement - are described along with subtypes like reciprocating, screw, and liquid ring. Key concepts covered include compression processes, surge control, drives, seals, lubrication systems, performance calculations, control strategies, protection methods, and potential operational issues.
This document discusses the importance of properly selecting check valves for pumped systems to avoid issues like check valve slam. It notes that check valves are sometimes selected without considering their dynamic response under transient flow conditions. The key factors that affect a check valve's performance like mass, travel distance, and spring assistance are discussed. The document provides guidelines for selecting a check valve through modeling reverse flow velocities and decelerations and comparing valves based on dimensionless criteria. Different types of check valves are described and factors like installation location that can cause instability are covered. The importance of obtaining performance data from suppliers is also emphasized.
This document provides an overview of different types of mechanical pumps, including:
- Positive displacement pumps like gear pumps, vane pumps, piston pumps, and diaphragm pumps.
- Dynamic pumps like centrifugal pumps and axial pumps.
- Details are given on pump components, design considerations for suction piping, and characteristics of specific pump types like centrifugal pumps, screw pumps, and membrane pumps.
Valves are devices that regulate the flow of fluids by opening, closing, or partially obstructing passageways. They perform functions like starting and stopping flow, varying the flow amount, and controlling flow direction. Valves are classified based on their mechanical motion as either linear motion valves where the closure member moves in a straight line, or rotary motion valves where the closure member moves in an angular or circular path. Basic valve parts include the body, bonnet, trim (internal elements), actuator, and packing. Common valve types include gate valves, globe valves, ball valves, butterfly valves, plug valves, diaphragm valves, and angle valves. Each type has distinct characteristics regarding flow control, maintenance requirements, and applications.
Positive displacement pumps work by trapping a fixed amount of fluid and forcing it into the discharge pipe. There are two main types: reciprocating pumps which use pistons and rotary motion to pump fluid, and linear pumps which use diaphragms or plungers to linearly displace fluid. Reciprocating pumps can vary the flow within each revolution while linear pumps provide nearly constant flow over a wide pressure range. Common applications of positive displacement pumps include agriculture, chemical processes, desalination, mining, and oil and gas industries.
The document discusses the components and operation of condensate extraction pumps, boiler feed pumps, and turbine driven boiler feed pumps. It describes how condensate extraction pumps extract condensate from the condenser hotwell and pump it to the deaerator. It outlines the multi-stage design and sealing of boiler feed pumps used to pressurize feedwater before entering the boiler. It also provides details on the oil, feedwater, gland seal steam, and extraction steam systems involved in starting up a turbine driven boiler feed pump.
This document discusses the selection and use of check valves in pumped systems. It notes that check valves are commonly selected without considering their dynamic behavior, which can lead to check valve slam and damage. The document recommends performing a surge analysis to determine the maximum reverse velocity and fluid deceleration acceptable for a system. It provides data on the dynamic behavior of different check valve designs to help select a valve less likely to slam. The document emphasizes matching the selected check valve to the characteristics of the system to avoid issues from pressure transients.
This document discusses different types of fans, blowers, and compressors used to generate airflow. It begins by covering the basics of fans, including centrifugal fans, axial fans, and fan laws. It then discusses compressors in more detail. The main types covered are centrifugal compressors and axial compressors. For each, it describes the basic operation and components, provides examples, and discusses performance characteristics like pressure ratio and efficiency. It also covers multi-stage designs, control methods, and current design practices for axial compressors.
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2. Why Suction Stabilizers?
• Pulsation Problems Start on the Suction Side!
• Appendage and Flow-Through Available
• Minimize pump cavitation
• Increase useful life of fluid-end parts
• Reduce cost of system ownership
Cavitation can cause 10X the standard pulsations normally produced = less pump life!
Operators look for discharge dampener failure, but unstable suction is typically the root
cause
Suction Stabilizer
3. Why Suction Stabilizers?
Definitions
Ha = (LVNC)/gxk
= Acceleration head
= Actual length of suction line
= Average liquid velocity in suction line
= Speed of pump crankshaft
= Constant depending on pump type
= Gravitational constant
= Constant depending on fluid compressibility
Ha
L
V
N
C
g
k
Acceleration Head Loss Formula
Flow-Through suction stabilizers
isolate the pump from the
remainder of the suction line =
dramatic reduction of “L” line
impact and overall less
Acceleration Head Loss
4. Why Suction Stabilizers?
= Atmospheric Pressure
= Vertical distance from liquid surface to the
pump centerline
= Friction losses in suction piping
= Acceleration head at pump suction
= Absolute vapor pressure of liquid at pumping
temperature
Pt
Hz
Hf
Ha
Pvp
Definitions
NPSHa = Pt + Hz – Hf – Ha + Pvp
NPSH improved through
reduction of Acceleration
Head Loss
6. Common Stabilizer Solutions
• Simple Gas Cap Tanks – Gas pocket above fluid column
• Gas Charged – Stabilizer with gas cartridge requiring maintenance or
replacement upon failure.
• Maintenance-Free Flow-Through – Virtually no maintenance
required.
• Suction Cellular Stabilizer
• Reactive Stabilizer
7. Suction Stabilizers – Gas Cap
Gas Cap or “Stand Pipe” or “Air Tank”
designs are seldom maintained
Gas cap rapidly absorbed by fluid =
Elimination of effect and cavitation
introduced
8. Suction Stabilizers – Gas Charged
Gas-Charged units separate the gas
from the fluid via a cartridge,
bladder, or cellular membrane = No
gas absorption; More stable
performance; Improved pump
efficiency
Requires cartridge charging and
replacement
11. Flow Through Suction Reactive Stabilizer
• Virtually eliminates Acceleration
Head/Pressure Loss
• Applicable to harsher fluids and higher
temperatures
• Promotes acoustic isolation
• Consistent performance over a broad
range of pressures
Maintenance Free
12. Flow Through Suction Reactive Stabilizer
Maintenance Free
Maintenance Free
Vertical Tank Suction
Reactive
13. Things to Remember
• Suction Stabilizers - Critical to your fluid delivery and ultimate
discharge performance
• Discharge Dampeners – Reduction of acceleration and flow-induced
pulsations
• Maintenance Free Options – Initially more expensive, but long-term
costs lower
• PPC Value – “Worry-Free Customer Experience”
• Durable, High-Performance Solutions
• Engineering expertise to customize designs and predict pulsation
performance
• Expert project management for a “worry-free customer experience”