The presentation discusses the structure of a Database Management System (DBMS), highlighting its essential components such as application interfaces, users, and various compilers responsible for processing database commands. Key elements like the Data Definition Language (DDL) compiler, Data Manipulation Language (DML) compiler, query optimizer, data files, and data dictionary are explained, detailing their roles in managing data and ensuring efficient database operations. The stored data manager is emphasized for its critical functions in maintaining database integrity, handling concurrency, and providing backup solutions.

1. STRUCTURE OF
DATABASE
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

2. Welcome
In this Presentation we are going to discuss about the STRUCTURE OF DBMS.
So, first of all let’s understand what does STRUCTURE means

3. So A Question Arises in
our mind !
As we have saw how we can connect to the Database.
But how is the database laid to process all user
requests? Since it is responsible to store huge amount of
data and is capable of handling multiple requests from
users simultaneously, it should be arranged properly.
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4. These are the components responsible
of maintaining
The structure of DBMS :-
1) APPLICATION
2) END USER
3) DDL
4) DDL COMPILER
5) DML COMPILER
6) QUERY OPTIMIZER
7) DATA FILES
8) DATA DICTIONARY
9) DATA MANAGER

5. 01. Applications
It can be considered as a user
friendly web page where the user
enters the requests. Here he
simply enters the details that he
needs and presses buttons to get
the data.
02.End User
They are the real users of the
database. They can be developers,
designers, administrator or the
actual users of the database.
03. DDL
Data Definition Language (DDL) is a query fired to create database,
schema, tables, mappings etc in the database. These are the
commands used to create the objects like tables, indexes in the
database for the first time. In other words, they create structure of
the database.

6. 04. DDL Compiler
This part of database is
responsible for processing the
DDL commands. That means
these compiler actually breaks
down the command into machine
understandable codes. It is also
responsible for storing the
metadata information like table
name, space used by it, number
of columns in it, mapping
information etc.
05.DML Compiler
When the user inserts, deletes,
updates or retrieves the record
from the database, he will be
sending request which he
understands by pressing some
buttons. But for the database to
work/understand the request, it
should be broken down to object
code. This is done by this compiler.
One can imagine this as when a
person is asked some question,
how this is broken down into
waves to reach the brain!

7. 06. Query Optimizer
When user fires some request, he is
least bothered how it will be fired on the
database. He is not all aware of
database or its way of performance. But
whatever be the request, it should be
efficient enough to fetch, insert, update
or delete the data from the database.
The query optimizer decides the best
way to execute the user request which is
received from the DML compiler.
It has the real data stored in it.
It can be stored as magnetic
tapes, magnetic disks or
optical disks.
07. Data Files
It contains all the information about the
database. As the name suggests, it is
the dictionary of all the data items. It
contains description of all the tables,
view, materialized views, constraints,
indexes, triggers etc.
08. Data Dictionary

8. 8.1. Function of Data Dictionary
a) Defines the data element.
b) Helps in the scheduling.
c) Helps in the control.
d) Permits the various users who know which data is available and how can it be obtained.
e) Helps in the identification of the organizational data irregularity.
f) Acts as a very essential data management tool.
g) Provides with a good standardization mechanism.
h) Acts as the corporate glossary of the ever growing information resource.
i) Provides the report facility, the control facility along with the excerpt facility.

9. Stored Data
Manager
1) This is also known as Database Control System. It is one the main
central system of the database. It is responsible for various tasks.
2) It converts the requests received from query optimizer to machine
understandable form.
3) It makes actual request inside the database. It is like fetching the
exact part of the brain to answer.
4) It controls concurrent access.
5) If there is multiple users accessing the database at the same time,
it makes sure, all of them see correct data.

10. Stored Data
Manager
6) It helps to maintain consistency and integrity by applying the
constraints. That means, it does not allow inserting / updating / deleting
any data if it has child entry. Similarly it does not allow entering any
duplicate value into database tables.
7) It guarantees that there is no data loss or data mismatch happens
between the transactions of multiple users.
8) It helps to backup the database and recover data whenever required.
9) Since it is a huge database and when there is any unexpected
exploit of transaction, and reverting the changes are not easy, so
It maintains the backup of all data, so that it can be recovered.

11. End User
DML Compiler
Query Optimizer
DDL Compiler
Stored Data Manager
Data Files Compiled
DML
Data
Dictionary

12. THANK
YOU