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This document provides an example structure for a technical engineering report. It includes sections for an abstract, acknowledgments, table of contents, introduction reviewing background, literature and aims, a methods section outlining the equipment and procedures for two tests, a results section with numerical and qualitative findings for each test, and sections for discussion, conclusions, references, and appendices. The introduction previews what each of the main body sections will cover.
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![“[A] quotation is a handy thing to have about, saving one the trouble of think-
ing for oneself, always a laborious business.”
– A.A. Milne, If I May
ii](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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ContentsPreface vii1 Introduction 11.1 What .docx
Contents
Preface vii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 What Is Data Mining? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 Motivating Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3 The Origins of Data Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4 Data Mining Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.5 Scope and Organization of the Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.6 Bibliographic Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.7 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2 Data 19
2.1 Types of Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.1.1 Attributes and Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.1.2 Types of Data Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.2 Data Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2.2.1 Measurement and Data Collection Issues . . . . . . . . . 37
2.2.2 Issues Related to Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
2.3 Data Preprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
2.3.1 Aggregation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
2.3.2 Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
2.3.3 Dimensionality Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
2.3.4 Feature Subset Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
2.3.5 Feature Creation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
2.3.6 Discretization and Binarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
2.3.7 Variable Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
2.4 Measures of Similarity and Dissimilarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
2.4.1 Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
2.4.2 Similarity and Dissimilarity between Simple Attributes . 67
2.4.3 Dissimilarities between Data Objects . . . . . . . . . . . 69
2.4.4 Similarities between Data Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
xiv Contents
2.4.5 Examples of Proximity Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
2.4.6 Issues in Proximity Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
2.4.7 Selecting the Right Proximity Measure . . . . . . . . . . 83
2.5 Bibliographic Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
2.6 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
3 Exploring Data 97
3.1 The Iris Data Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
3.2 Summary Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
3.2.1 Frequencies and the Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
3.2.2 Percentiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
3.2.3 Measures of Location: Mean and Median . . . . . . . . 101
3.2.4 Measures of Spread: Range and Variance . . . . . . . . 102
3.2.5 Multivariate Summary Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
3.2.6 Other Ways to Summarize the Data . . . . . . . . . . . 105
3.3 Visualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
3.3.1 Motivations for Visualization . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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ContentsPreface vii1 Introduction 11.1 What .docx
Contents
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1 Introduction 1
1.1 What Is Data Mining? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 Motivating Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3 The Origins of Data Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4 Data Mining Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.5 Scope and Organization of the Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.6 Bibliographic Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.7 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2 Data 19
2.1 Types of Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.1.1 Attributes and Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
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2.3.6 Discretization and Binarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
2.3.7 Variable Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
2.4 Measures of Similarity and Dissimilarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
2.4.1 Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
2.4.2 Similarity and Dissimilarity between Simple Attributes . 67
2.4.3 Dissimilarities between Data Objects . . . . . . . . . . . 69
2.4.4 Similarities between Data Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
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2.4.6 Issues in Proximity Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
2.4.7 Selecting the Right Proximity Measure . . . . . . . . . . 83
2.5 Bibliographic Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
2.6 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
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3.2.2 Percentiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
3.2.3 Measures of Location: Mean and Median . . . . . . . . 101
3.2.4 Measures of Spread: Range and Variance . . . . . . . . 102
3.2.5 Multivariate Summary Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
3.2.6 Other Ways to Summarize the Data . . . . . . . . . . . 105
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A B. TECH PROJECT REPORT on “STEGANOGRAPHY” Submitted in partial ... STEGANOGRAPHY Dept. of Information Technology 4.1.2 Image Steganography Hiding t
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Nightmare bangla version (1)
Nightmare bangla version (1)..Dushopno
kono Bangladeshi publisher ba newspaper jodi amar Nightmare er bangla version publish korte chan tahole amar shathe proper channel e kotha bolte paren.
If any Bangladeshi publisher or newspaper is interested in this story (bangla version) , he can contact me in proper channel.
Attention,red alert .
Attention please , red alert.
Ami Muslim.Amar kache Al Quran Ache.Al Quran er A to Z amar pora ache .ami hafez na normal Telawat kari tarpor o akta edik shedik amar sense e dhora pore jai.kajei eishob faizlami tackle korte Ami akai jotheshto Alhamdulillah. Kintu ami aka Muslim na amar moto ashonkhon Muslim er kache choto bala thekei Al Quran ache tara amar chaite aro anek anek bhalo telawat kari Hafez der kotha bad i dilam ,kajei eishob faizlami jara korte chahco labh hobe na atit e jara eishob faizlami korte cheache labh hoina i Muslim 2% na got it ? Al Quran nie khelte jeona .
Amader protteker kache Quran shorif ache amra jani Quran ki ,so, becareful Mosad/Terrorist/Qadiani whatever.
Alem shomaj ,kora hate(logically) Islamic law anujai er protibad koro etake bartho procheshta proman koro .Ameeeen
NB Dhormio anubhutite aghat korar dae eder birudhe mamle koro.dunia jure er protibad koro je er (ei google play er nokol book er)pokhe kotha bolbe Islamic law anujai take terrorist ghoshona kora hobe ebong she Mosad agent naki khotie dakha hobe .
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SEALS Whitepaper
This document provides an overview of the first five evaluation campaigns conducted by the SEALS project. It summarizes the results of evaluating ontology engineering tools, storage and reasoning systems, ontology matching tools, and semantic search tools. Key findings include varying levels of support for standards compliance among ontology tools, differences in performance between reasoners on classification and satisfiability tests, and usability issues identified for semantic search tools based on user questionnaires. The document also discusses lessons learned from executing the campaigns and drawing comparative analyses of tool results.
NP problems
The document is an abstract for a PhD dissertation titled "Approximation Schemes for Euclidean Vehicle Routing Problems" by Aparna Das from Brown University in 2011. The dissertation studies two vehicle routing problems: the unit demand problem and the unsplittable demand problem. For the unit demand problem in constant dimensions, the dissertation provides a quasi-polynomial time approximation scheme. For the unsplittable demand problem in one dimension, it provides asymptotic polynomial time approximation schemes. The techniques involve exploiting the Euclidean structure of the input to design approximation algorithms with arbitrarily good approximations.
dissertation
This document describes a project to develop an expert search system that mines academic expertise from funded research in Scottish universities. The system aims to integrate data on funded projects from external sources with an existing academic search engine to improve its search results. It will extract expertise information from publications and funded projects to generate expert profiles. Learning to rank algorithms will then be used to rank experts based on their profiles for specific queries. The goal is to enhance the current search engine that identifies experts based on publications by incorporating additional evidence of expertise from funded research projects.
An Optical Character Recognition Engine For Graphical Processing Units
This dissertation investigates building an optical character recognition (OCR) engine for graphical processing units (GPUs). It describes Jeremy Reed's doctoral dissertation from the University of Kentucky in 2016. The dissertation introduces basic OCR and GPU concepts. It then describes in detail the SegRec algorithm developed by the author for segmenting and recognizing characters on a GPU. Evaluation results comparing SegRec to other OCR engines are provided. The dissertation concludes by discussing limitations and opportunities for improving SegRec and developing it into a full-featured OCR system.
The gage block handbook
This document provides a summary of the NIST gauge block calibration process. It begins with an introduction and preface describing the history of NIST's involvement with gauge block calibration. It then discusses the key aspects of the calibration process including measurement assurance programs, mechanical comparisons using gauge block comparators, and gauge block interferometry. The goal is to completely describe the current NIST gauge block calibration process which has been developed and refined over many years of research.
Student Database Management System
An organized and systematic office solution is essential for all universities and organizations. There are many departments of administration for the maintenance of college information and student databases in any institution. All these departments provide various records regarding students. Most of these track records need to maintain information about the students. This information could be the general details like student name, address, performance, attendance etc or specific information related to departments like collection of data. All the modules in college administration are interdependent. They are maintained manually. So they need to be automated and centralized as, Information from one module will be needed by other modules. For example when a student needs his course completion certificate it needs to check many details about the student like his name, reg number, year of study, exams he attended and many other details. So it needs to contact all the modules that are office, department and examination and result of students.
Student db-mgmt-system
The document describes a student database management system created by Ajay Shankar Bidyarthy and Abhishek Kumar. The system aims to streamline processes related to recording, retrieving, and managing student information for administrators. It enhances efficiency while maintaining accurate information. Key features include an easy user interface, utilizing database management capabilities for data retrieval and manipulation, and reducing paperwork. The system provides a more organized solution than manual records and allows information sharing between departments.
Masters Thesis: A reuse repository with automated synonym support and cluster...
Having a code reuse repository available can be a great asset for a programmer. But locating components can be difficult if only static documentation is available, due to vocabulary mismatch. Identifying informal synonyms used in documentation can help alleviate this mismatch. The cost of creating a reuse support system is usually fairly high, as much manual effort goes into its construction.
This project has resulted in a fully functional reuse support sys- tem with clustering of search results. By automating the construc- tion of a reuse support system from an existing code reuse repository, and giving the end user a familiar interface, the reuse support system constructed in this project makes the desired functionality available. The constructed system has an easy to use interface, due to a fa- miliar browser-based front-end. An automated method called LSI is used to handle synonyms, and to some degree polysemous words in indexed components.
In the course of this project, the reuse support system has been tested using components from two sources, the retrieval performance measured, and found acceptable. Clustering usability is evaluated and clusters are found to be generally helpful, even though some fine-tuning still has to be done.
1026332_Master_Thesis_Eef_Lemmens_BIS_269.pdf
A B. TECH PROJECT REPORT on “STEGANOGRAPHY” Submitted in partial ... STEGANOGRAPHY Dept. of Information Technology 4.1.2 Image Steganography Hiding t
Thesis
The document is a thesis submitted by Maliththa S. S. Bulathwela for the degree of Master of Science in Computational Statistics and Machine Learning at University College London. The thesis explores building a self-adaptive topic engine to extract insights from customer feedback data. Initial work uses supervised support vector machines for topic classification and adapts trust modeling techniques to enhance the reliability of crowd-sourced labeled data. Latent Dirichlet allocation is then used to detect emerging topics from unlabeled data. The results were promising, suggesting further work could build self-adapting topic engines using techniques from the thesis.
Nguyễn Nho Vĩnh - Problem solvingwithalgorithmsanddatastructures
This document is a textbook about problem solving with algorithms and data structures. It is divided into multiple chapters that cover topics such as algorithm analysis, basic data structures, recursion, sorting and searching algorithms, trees and tree algorithms, and JSON. The introduction chapter discusses the objectives of the book, which are to review concepts in computer science, programming, and problem solving and to understand abstraction and abstract data types. It also provides an overview of the Python programming language.
St104a vle statistics.
This subject guide provides information for a 100-level statistics course offered through the University of London's International Programmes. It was prepared by James S. Abdey and covers an introduction to the subject area, presenting the aims, learning outcomes, syllabus, and resources for the course. The guide also offers advice on how to study statistics effectively and prepare for examinations.
Lakhotia09
This document summarizes Kiran Lakhotia's PhD thesis on search-based testing. The thesis aims to advance automated test data generation using search-based techniques by addressing challenges like pointers, dynamic data structures, and loop-assigned flags. It presents a tool called AUSTIN for generating test data for C programs. AUSTIN combines a hill climber search algorithm with a custom constraint solver for pointers. The thesis also introduces a testability transformation to handle loop-assigned flags and a multi-objective approach to optimize for branch coverage and memory usage. Empirical studies compare AUSTIN to other tools on large open source programs and embedded software.
Quentative research method
This document provides an overview of the textbook Quantitative Business Research Methods by Rob J Hyndman. The textbook covers quantitative research methods for business administration, including research design, data collection and processing, data summary, significance testing, regression analysis, and presenting quantitative research. It provides examples using SPSS and discusses topics such as sampling, questionnaire design, and other statistical techniques.
IBM Watson Content Analytics Redbook
This document provides an overview of IBM Watson Content Analytics and how it can be used to gain insights from unstructured content. It discusses the architecture of Content Analytics, which includes ingesting and processing unstructured data using natural language processing techniques. It then provides several use case examples where Content Analytics has been applied, such as for customer insights, healthcare, and investigations. The document also covers best practices for designing Content Analytics solutions and understanding the types of analysis that can be performed.
Ibm watson analytics
This document provides an overview of IBM Watson Content Analytics and describes how it can be used to gain insights from unstructured content. It discusses the product's history and key features in version 3.0. Some main capabilities include performing automated content analysis, discovering patterns and correlations in data, and gaining insights to improve products and services. The document also provides examples of how Content Analytics has been applied in various use cases, such as customer service, healthcare, and investigations.
Undergrad Thesis | Information Science and Engineering
The document describes a project to build an anonymous question and answer platform called QA-Zen. It aims to provide an intellectual space for students and others to engage in knowledge sharing and connect with like-minded individuals. The project uses technologies like data mining, machine learning and distributed databases. It allows users to anonymously post and answer questions on topics they are interested in.
Similar to Structure example (20)
From sound to grammar: theory, representations and a computational model
From sound to grammar: theory, representations and a computational model
An Optical Character Recognition Engine For Graphical Processing Units
An Optical Character Recognition Engine For Graphical Processing Units
Masters Thesis: A reuse repository with automated synonym support and cluster...
Masters Thesis: A reuse repository with automated synonym support and cluster...
Nguyễn Nho Vĩnh - Problem solvingwithalgorithmsanddatastructures
Nguyễn Nho Vĩnh - Problem solvingwithalgorithmsanddatastructures
Undergrad Thesis | Information Science and Engineering
Undergrad Thesis | Information Science and Engineering
More from Nadiya Mahjabin
Nightmare bangla version (1)
Nightmare bangla version (1)..Dushopno
kono Bangladeshi publisher ba newspaper jodi amar Nightmare er bangla version publish korte chan tahole amar shathe proper channel e kotha bolte paren.
If any Bangladeshi publisher or newspaper is interested in this story (bangla version) , he can contact me in proper channel.
Attention,red alert .
Attention please , red alert.
Ami Muslim.Amar kache Al Quran Ache.Al Quran er A to Z amar pora ache .ami hafez na normal Telawat kari tarpor o akta edik shedik amar sense e dhora pore jai.kajei eishob faizlami tackle korte Ami akai jotheshto Alhamdulillah. Kintu ami aka Muslim na amar moto ashonkhon Muslim er kache choto bala thekei Al Quran ache tara amar chaite aro anek anek bhalo telawat kari Hafez der kotha bad i dilam ,kajei eishob faizlami jara korte chahco labh hobe na atit e jara eishob faizlami korte cheache labh hoina i Muslim 2% na got it ? Al Quran nie khelte jeona .
Amader protteker kache Quran shorif ache amra jani Quran ki ,so, becareful Mosad/Terrorist/Qadiani whatever.
Alem shomaj ,kora hate(logically) Islamic law anujai er protibad koro etake bartho procheshta proman koro .Ameeeen
NB Dhormio anubhutite aghat korar dae eder birudhe mamle koro.dunia jure er protibad koro je er (ei google play er nokol book er)pokhe kotha bolbe Islamic law anujai take terrorist ghoshona kora hobe ebong she Mosad agent naki khotie dakha hobe .
BGP
This document provides a business growth plan for Be Healthy, a website that aims to provide a single platform for weight loss solutions. The plan outlines the company's vision, leadership, customers, operations, financing needs, and tactical action steps. Key points include organizing existing weight loss information and solutions in one place to save customers' time, initially targeting the local market before expanding internationally, and financing growth through self-funding, friends/family, and investors. The overall goal is for the business to become a popular weight loss resource and sustain long-term in a competitive market by adapting to new technologies and marketing trends.
negotiation-preparation-plan
The document outlines a plan for negotiating with a business counterpart. It identifies the negotiator's interests in achieving a profitable outcome that also benefits the counterpart. Potential positions are discussed, with an ideal goal of a win-win agreement. Realistically, some opposition is expected. A minimum/maximum price range and alternative proposals are identified as bottom lines and BATNA in case an agreement cannot be reached. Lessons on preparing properly and using different techniques to convince counterparts of mutual benefits are noted for future negotiations.
performance-evaluation-form
performance-evaluation-form
I need to add dateline for second and fourth segments for example 1 month each.
induction-checklist
The document discusses onboarding a new hire. It notes that accepting an offer is not the end of the hiring process and that inducting the new employee is important to smooth their transition. A checklist is provided to consider how to communicate key areas like company culture, logistics, the new hire's experience, their responsibilities, and how they will benefit the organization. These areas will be communicated through methods like one-on-one meetings, email, and an employee handbook.
interview-scorecard
This document provides an example of a candidate interview scorecard template to evaluate candidates. It includes an example scorecard for a candidate interview that rates the candidate's responses to questions on a scale of 1 to 4 based on their importance. The example candidate scores highly in most areas but is noted to need development in business acumen and driving projects to meet deadlines. The summary concludes the candidate appears well-suited overall but these two areas should be explored further. The document then provides a blank scorecard for the reviewer to complete for subsequent candidates.
defining-a-job-description
The document provides guidance on defining a job description for a new role in one's organization. It instructs the user to complete a table defining the job title, main duties, required competencies, qualifications, and required values for the role of Community Manager. An effective job description clearly defines the role so that someone unfamiliar with the business can understand what is required. The user is also advised to have others review the draft job description to ensure it accurately portrays the ideal candidate.
Organizational development-plan (1)
The document outlines steps for developing an organizational plan to achieve growth opportunities. It instructs the user to identify vacant or future vacant roles, consider the impact and cost of filling each role, and prioritize which to address first. A table is provided to list roles, whether they will be new hires, developed internally, or outsourced, along with impact, cost, timeline, and risks. The user is asked to evaluate which roles will have the most impact on growth and consider accelerating timelines.
organizational-structure (1)
organizational-structure.I have forgot to include operation team ,I am confused it with technical team .
We tb 49f_eeis2q5gsyrzdg_c20c1fd08f4511e8b2970f8a053dcd16_information-require...
This document provides information about calculating key financial ratios that will help evaluate future funding applications. It instructs the user to calculate ratios using last year's financial data and estimates for future needs. The user will then estimate details of a potential new funding request, such as the interest on a loan. Typical funding rates can be researched online or discussed with advisors. The document concludes by explaining that an accountant can complete the ratios using business financial data if needed.
Calculate your key financial ratios (exercise 5) coursera
This is an exercise .The data are based on this
https://www.slideshare.net/NadiyaMahjabin/we-tb-49feeis2q5gsyrzdgc20c1fd08f4511e8b2970f8a053dcd16informationrequiredformodule9-1
these data are an estimate or guess or future projection not real data.
visualizing-business-model-innovation (2)
The document discusses potential business model innovations that could impact a business and its customers. It provides a matrix listing different business models and the benefits they provide to businesses and customers. Some examples included are freemium models, early payment discounts, and pay online options. The document asks the reader to consider how a competitor implementing these models could affect their business. It prompts selecting three models and reflecting on their impacts and whether elements could be adopted.
potential-acquisition-targets (2)
The document discusses how to identify potential acquisition targets by considering different business categories and ranking businesses within those categories based on location, size, and growth impact. It instructs the reader to add example businesses to each category in a table, then score them on a scale of 1 to 5 for the three criteria. The highest overall scoring businesses would be closest to the center of a diagram and worth pursuing further. The exercise is meant to help develop a list of potential acquisition targets to evaluate in more depth.
Future Funding Requirements (exercise)
This document discusses exploring the financial implications of different rates of business growth. It outlines three growth scenarios: growth as planned, double the planned growth, and five times the planned growth. It provides a table to consider how funding needs may vary across common business areas like staff, premises, locations, products, equipment, and marketing depending on the growth scenario. The purpose is to help reflect on potential future funding needs to support growth and determine whether external or internal financing would be most suitable.
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The document provides a template for reflecting on needed changes to a business's culture in the future. It includes tables to consider changes needed in the business's practices, shared values, and shared assumptions. For each category, the template lists different aspects of the business culture to evaluate and determine if changes are required. The goal is to complete this reflection and include it in the Business Growth Plan.
Improving your financial profile (exercise 4) coursera
The document provides feedback on a business's financial profile in three key areas: financial performance, managing accounts, and managing profile. For each item assessed, the feedback is marked green (G) if it is likely to improve the profile, amber (A) if it could be improved, or red (R) if it could negatively impact the profile. Some items flagged for improvement include not knowing current ratio details, accounts not being prepared by a professional, and only occasionally checking for negative publicity about the business. The document recommends addressing any red or amber items by exploring ways to improve numbers, ensuring accounts are easily understood, and being more proactive in monitoring factors that could affect the profile.
What is your bargaining style (exercise 2) coursera
Your bargaining style is Relating, which is a cooperative style focused on meeting the other party's interests to build relationships. Those with a Relating style have a desire to understand the other side, can pick up emotional cues, and are committed to long-term reciprocity. However, Relators may abandon their own interests for the other side's, making them vulnerable when negotiating with aggressive counterparts as it can devalue their self-worth and skills over time. This document provides an overview of the Relating bargaining style based on an assessment the reader completed.
Demystifying negotiation-assumptions
This document discusses common assumptions in negotiation and their likely impact. It provides actions that can be taken to challenge restrictive assumptions and maximize the benefits of supportive assumptions. Some key assumptions discussed include: the purpose of negotiation is to win at any cost, which risks damaging relationships; open communication allows understanding of different perspectives; negotiation does not need to be adversarial as win-win solutions are possible; and a counterpart's first offer is not necessarily their best or final offer. The document recommends considering the interests of both parties, building rapport, and taking a collaborative, long-term approach to find mutually beneficial outcomes.
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Class 10 human eye notes physics
Handwritten best quality
Compositions of iron-meteorite parent bodies constrainthe structure of the pr...
Magmatic iron-meteorite parent bodies are the earliest planetesimals in the Solar System,and they preserve information about conditions and planet-forming processes in thesolar nebula. In this study, we include comprehensive elemental compositions andfractional-crystallization modeling for iron meteorites from the cores of five differenti-ated asteroids from the inner Solar System. Together with previous results of metalliccores from the outer Solar System, we conclude that asteroidal cores from the outerSolar System have smaller sizes, elevated siderophile-element abundances, and simplercrystallization processes than those from the inner Solar System. These differences arerelated to the formation locations of the parent asteroids because the solar protoplane-tary disk varied in redox conditions, elemental distributions, and dynamics at differentheliocentric distances. Using highly siderophile-element data from iron meteorites, wereconstruct the distribution of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) across theprotoplanetary disk within the first million years of Solar-System history. CAIs, the firstsolids to condense in the Solar System, formed close to the Sun. They were, however,concentrated within the outer disk and depleted within the inner disk. Future modelsof the structure and evolution of the protoplanetary disk should account for this dis-tribution pattern of CAIs.
BIRDS DIVERSITY OF SOOTEA BISWANATH ASSAM.ppt.pptx
Ahota Beel, nestled in Sootea Biswanath Assam , is celebrated for its extraordinary diversity of bird species. This wetland sanctuary supports a myriad of avian residents and migrants alike. Visitors can admire the elegant flights of migratory species such as the Northern Pintail and Eurasian Wigeon, alongside resident birds including the Asian Openbill and Pheasant-tailed Jacana. With its tranquil scenery and varied habitats, Ahota Beel offers a perfect haven for birdwatchers to appreciate and study the vibrant birdlife that thrives in this natural refuge.
fermented food science of sauerkraut.pptx
This ppt contains the production of a fermented food name - sauerkraut
Male reproduction physiology by Suyash Garg .pptx
Physiology of Male reproduction.
Video mentioned at page no. 23 as summary for better understanding
SDSS1335+0728: The awakening of a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole⋆
Context. The early-type galaxy SDSS J133519.91+072807.4 (hereafter SDSS1335+0728), which had exhibited no prior optical variations during the preceding two decades, began showing significant nuclear variability in the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) alert stream from December 2019 (as ZTF19acnskyy). This variability behaviour, coupled with the host-galaxy properties, suggests that SDSS1335+0728 hosts a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole (BH) that is currently in the process of ‘turning on’. Aims. We present a multi-wavelength photometric analysis and spectroscopic follow-up performed with the aim of better understanding the origin of the nuclear variations detected in SDSS1335+0728. Methods. We used archival photometry (from WISE, 2MASS, SDSS, GALEX, eROSITA) and spectroscopic data (from SDSS and LAMOST) to study the state of SDSS1335+0728 prior to December 2019, and new observations from Swift, SOAR/Goodman, VLT/X-shooter, and Keck/LRIS taken after its turn-on to characterise its current state. We analysed the variability of SDSS1335+0728 in the X-ray/UV/optical/mid-infrared range, modelled its spectral energy distribution prior to and after December 2019, and studied the evolution of its UV/optical spectra. Results. From our multi-wavelength photometric analysis, we find that: (a) since 2021, the UV flux (from Swift/UVOT observations) is four times brighter than the flux reported by GALEX in 2004; (b) since June 2022, the mid-infrared flux has risen more than two times, and the W1−W2 WISE colour has become redder; and (c) since February 2024, the source has begun showing X-ray emission. From our spectroscopic follow-up, we see that (i) the narrow emission line ratios are now consistent with a more energetic ionising continuum; (ii) broad emission lines are not detected; and (iii) the [OIII] line increased its flux ∼ 3.6 years after the first ZTF alert, which implies a relatively compact narrow-line-emitting region. Conclusions. We conclude that the variations observed in SDSS1335+0728 could be either explained by a ∼ 106M⊙ AGN that is just turning on or by an exotic tidal disruption event (TDE). If the former is true, SDSS1335+0728 is one of the strongest cases of an AGNobserved in the process of activating. If the latter were found to be the case, it would correspond to the longest and faintest TDE ever observed (or another class of still unknown nuclear transient). Future observations of SDSS1335+0728 are crucial to further understand its behaviour. Key words. galaxies: active– accretion, accretion discs– galaxies: individual: SDSS J133519.91+072807.4
Pests of Storage_Identification_Dr.UPR.pdf
InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
About600speciesofinsectshavebeenassociatedwithstoredgrainproducts
100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
快速办理(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Post translation modification by Suyash Garg
overview of PTM helps to the students who wants to clear their basics about it.
Sustainable Land Management - Climate Smart Agriculture
Sustainable Land Management - Climate Smart AgricultureInternational Food Policy Research Institute- South Asia Office
PPT on Sustainable Land Management presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
TOPIC OF DISCUSSION: CENTRIFUGATION SLIDESHARE.pptx
Centrifugation is a powerful technique used in laboratories to separate components of a heterogeneous mixture based on their density. This process utilizes centrifugal force to rapidly spin samples, causing denser particles to migrate outward more quickly than lighter ones. As a result, distinct layers form within the sample tube, allowing for easy isolation and purification of target substances.
Signatures of wave erosion in Titan’s coasts
The shorelines of Titan’s hydrocarbon seas trace flooded erosional landforms such as river valleys; however, it isunclear whether coastal erosion has subsequently altered these shorelines. Spacecraft observations and theo-retical models suggest that wind may cause waves to form on Titan’s seas, potentially driving coastal erosion,but the observational evidence of waves is indirect, and the processes affecting shoreline evolution on Titanremain unknown. No widely accepted framework exists for using shoreline morphology to quantitatively dis-cern coastal erosion mechanisms, even on Earth, where the dominant mechanisms are known. We combinelandscape evolution models with measurements of shoreline shape on Earth to characterize how differentcoastal erosion mechanisms affect shoreline morphology. Applying this framework to Titan, we find that theshorelines of Titan’s seas are most consistent with flooded landscapes that subsequently have been eroded bywaves, rather than a uniform erosional process or no coastal erosion, particularly if wave growth saturates atfetch lengths of tens of kilometers.
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and ReplicabilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Abstract: Reproducibility (aka determinism in some cases) constitutes a fundamental aspect in various fields of computer science, such as floating-point computations in numerical analysis and simulation, concurrency models in parallelism, reproducible builds for third parties integration and packaging, and containerization for execution environments. These concepts, while pervasive across diverse concerns, often exhibit intricate inter-dependencies, making it challenging to achieve a comprehensive understanding. In this short and vision paper we delve into the application of software engineering techniques, specifically variability management, to systematically identify and explicit points of variability that may give rise to reproducibility issues (eg language, libraries, compiler, virtual machine, OS, environment variables, etc). The primary objectives are: i) gaining insights into the variability layers and their possible interactions, ii) capturing and documenting configurations for the sake of reproducibility, and iii) exploring diverse configurations to replicate, and hence validate and ensure the robustness of results. By adopting these methodologies, we aim to address the complexities associated with reproducibility and replicability in modern software systems and environments, facilitating a more comprehensive and nuanced perspective on these critical aspects.
https://hal.science/hal-04582287
Summary Of transcription and Translation.pdf
Hello Everyone Here We are Sharing You with The process of protien Synthesis in very short points you will be Able to understand It Very well
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Context. The observation of several L-band emission sources in the S cluster has led to a rich discussion of their nature. However, a definitive answer to the classification of the dusty objects requires an explanation for the detection of compact Doppler-shifted Brγ emission. The ionized hydrogen in combination with the observation of mid-infrared L-band continuum emission suggests that most of these sources are embedded in a dusty envelope. These embedded sources are part of the S-cluster, and their relationship to the S-stars is still under debate. To date, the question of the origin of these two populations has been vague, although all explanations favor migration processes for the individual cluster members. Aims. This work revisits the S-cluster and its dusty members orbiting the supermassive black hole SgrA* on bound Keplerian orbits from a kinematic perspective. The aim is to explore the Keplerian parameters for patterns that might imply a nonrandom distribution of the sample. Additionally, various analytical aspects are considered to address the nature of the dusty sources. Methods. Based on the photometric analysis, we estimated the individual H−K and K−L colors for the source sample and compared the results to known cluster members. The classification revealed a noticeable contrast between the S-stars and the dusty sources. To fit the flux-density distribution, we utilized the radiative transfer code HYPERION and implemented a young stellar object Class I model. We obtained the position angle from the Keplerian fit results; additionally, we analyzed the distribution of the inclinations and the longitudes of the ascending node. Results. The colors of the dusty sources suggest a stellar nature consistent with the spectral energy distribution in the near and midinfrared domains. Furthermore, the evaporation timescales of dusty and gaseous clumps in the vicinity of SgrA* are much shorter ( 2yr) than the epochs covered by the observations (≈15yr). In addition to the strong evidence for the stellar classification of the D-sources, we also find a clear disk-like pattern following the arrangements of S-stars proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we find a global intrinsic inclination for all dusty sources of 60 ± 20◦, implying a common formation process. Conclusions. The pattern of the dusty sources manifested in the distribution of the position angles, inclinations, and longitudes of the ascending node strongly suggests two different scenarios: the main-sequence stars and the dusty stellar S-cluster sources share a common formation history or migrated with a similar formation channel in the vicinity of SgrA*. Alternatively, the gravitational influence of SgrA* in combination with a massive perturber, such as a putative intermediate mass black hole in the IRS 13 cluster, forces the dusty objects and S-stars to follow a particular orbital arrangement. Key words. stars: black holes– stars: formation– Galaxy: center– galaxies: star formation
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Structure example
- 1. An Example of How to Structure a Technical Engineering Report Dr Andrew Garrard August 17, 2017 i
- 2. “[A] quotation is a handy thing to have about, saving one the trouble of think- ing for oneself, always a laborious business.” – A.A. Milne, If I May ii
- 3. Foreword This is where you would add the forword text iii
- 4. Abstract iv
- 5. Acknowledgments Here you would thank people that have not contributed directly as authors,but v
- 6. Lists of Tables, Figures or Equations vi
- 8. Contents Foreword iii Abstract iv Acknowledgments v Lists of Tables, Figures or Equations vi Nomenclature vii Contents viii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Literature Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.3 Aims and Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.4 Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 Method 2 2.1 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.2 Procedure for Test 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.3 Procedure for Test 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3 Results 3 3.1 Test 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3.1.1 Test 1 Numerical Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3.1.2 Test 1 Qualitative Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3.2 Test 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3.2.1 Test 2 Numerical Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3.2.2 Test 2 Qualitative Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4 Discussion 4 5 Conclusions 5 6 References 6 7 Appendices 7 viii
- 9. 1 Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2 Literature Review 1.3 Aims and Objectives 1.4 Theory 1
- 10. 2 Method 2.1 Equipment 2.2 Procedure for Test 1 2.3 Procedure for Test 2 2
- 11. 3 Results 3.1 Test 1 3.1.1 Test 1 Numerical Results 3.1.2 Test 1 Qualitative Results 3.2 Test 2 3.2.1 Test 2 Numerical Results 3.2.2 Test 2 Qualitative Results 3
- 12. 4 Discussion 4
- 13. 5 Conclusions 5
- 14. 6 References 6
- 15. 7 Appendices here is some text 7