Reuse Learning objects Implementation Strategy leermiddelen arrangeren Standaarden Standards Specification SCORM LOM IEEE IMS VLE Curriculum Design Educational Onderwijskundig Ontwerpen Onderzoek

1. Hergebruik van leermaterialen Waarom we het wel doen, maar toch niet willen Dr. Allard Strijker, Universiteit Twente 14 december 2006

5. Exe Authoring tool

6. Standaarden

7. Vormgeving

8. Structuur

11. Projecten Universiteit Commercieel Defensie Resultaten onderzoek Project Project Project Project Project Project Project Project Project Project Resultaten Defensie Resultaten Universiteit Resultaten Commercieel

14. Voorbeeld van leerobjecten in Teletop

20. Dimensies voor hergebruik Locally Repository How learning objects are stored Personal Organizational Work processes Personal habits Formal workflow Incentives for reuse Participation Acquisition Learning scenarios The world of inspiration The Merchant world The world of Opinion The Civic world The Domestic world The industrial world Cultures within the context Personal Oriented Systems Oriented

26. Cultures within the context Competences, responsibility, professional qualifications, effort, discipline, obedience, seriousness, energy, dedication Progress, future, functionality, efficiency, optimality, performance, productivity, professionality, reliability, far-sightedness, system To master, to integrate, to organise, to control, to stabilise, to foresee, to implement, to detect, to adapt, to analyse, to measure, to formalise, to standardise, to solve, to optimise, to schedule, to sequence, to anticipate. The Industrial World Attractive, appealing, respectfulness to the customers, open-minded, obliging, willing to help, thoughtful, careful, reactive, opportunist Wealth, money, luxury; business, fair deals, good deals, bargain; interest, attentions to others; contract; competition, rivalry, opportunism, freedom, To desire, to possess, to bet, to win and to loose, to gamble and to play, to buy, to sell, to negotiate, to deal, to pay, to rival, to conclude, to accumulate, to keep one's distance. The Merchant World Concerned with the general will, altruism, giving collective interest a higher rank than personnel Interests. The general will, the common interest, generosity, self-abnegation, sacrifice, pride, the group, collective action, collective entities (ideas, values, symbols and institutions). To debate, to voice, to mobilise, to gather, to adhere, to exclude, to inform, to codify, to delegate, to represent and to be represented, to show solidarity, to share. The Civic World Being an actor, contributive, communicative, participative, personality, celebrity Image, reputation, fame, success, honour, acknowledgement, visibility, audience, credibility, Identification. To influence, to convince, to persuade, to seduce, to promote, to advertise, to orientate, to catch the attention, to compare. The World of Opinion Honest, decent, respectful, common sense, savoir-vivre, repetitive, reproductive, cautious, reliable Confidence, responsibility, merit, respectability, convention, dignity, tradition, hierarchy, rank; parents, children, generation; rules and confidence, principles; harmony; the "natural"; the duty To behave, to give, receive and give back; to respect; to keep the convenient distance; to be polite (with both inferiors & superiors); to interact. The Domestic World Spontaneous, passionate, risk taking, open-minded, independent, intuitive Singularity, difference, innovation, originality, irrationality, imaginary, spirituality, unconscious, chance To create, to discover, to research, to share, to imagine, to dream, to explode, to be amazed, to perceive, to harness. The World of Inspiration Attitudes Value features Verbs

31. Acquisition vs Participation Belonging, participating, communicating Having, possessing Nature of knowing Facilitator, mentor, "Expert participant, preserver of practice/discourse" (p. 7) Delivering, conveying, facilitating, clarifying Role of instructor Mutuality; community building Individualized learning Ideal "The evolving bonds between the individual and others" (p. 6); "the dialectic nature of the learning interaction: The whole and the parts affect and inform each other" (p. 6) "The individual mind and what goes into it" (Sfard, p. 6); the "inward movement of knowledge" (p. 6) Stress on… Apprenticeship, situatedness, contextuality, cultural embeddedness, discourse, communication, social constructivism, cooperative learning Knowledge, concept, misconception, meaning, fact, contents; acquisition, construction, internalization, transmission, attainment, accumulation; Key words: Learning as participation, the process of becoming a member of a community, "the ability to communicate in the language of this community and act according to its norms" (Sfard, p. 6); "the permanence of having gives way to the constant flux of doing " (p. 6) Learning as knowledge acquisition and concept development; having obtained knowledge and made it one's own; individualised Key definition of learning: Participation Acquisition

32. Learning objectives (Bloom, 1956) assess, decide, rank, grade, test, measure, recommend, convince, select, judge, explain, discriminate, support, conclude, compare, summarize - compare and discriminate between ideas - assess value of theories, presentations - make choices based on reasoned argument - verify value of evidence - recognize subjectivity Evaluation combine, integrate, modify, rearrange, substitute, plan, create, design, invent, what if?, compose, formulate, prepare, generalize, rewrite - use old ideas to create new ones - generalize from given facts - relate knowledge from several areas - predict, draw conclusions Synthesis analyze, separate, order, explain, connect, classify, arrange, divide, compare, select, explain, infer - seeing patterns - organisation of parts - recognition of hidden meanings - identification of components Analysis apply, demonstrate, calculate, complete, illustrate, show, solve, examine, modify, relate, change, classify, experiment, discover - use information - use methods, concepts, theories in new situations - solve problems using required skills or knowledge Application summarize, describe, interpret, contrast, predict, associate, distinguish, estimate, differentiate, discuss, extend - understanding information - grasp meaning - translate knowledge into new context - interpret facts, compare, contrast - order, group, infer causes - predict consequences Comprehension list, define, tell, describe, identify, show, label, collect, examine, tabulate, quote, name, who, when, where, etc. - observation and recall of information - knowledge of dates, events, places - knowledge of major ideas - mastery of subject matter Knowledge Question Cues Skills Demonstrated Competence

33. Pedagogies related to organisational setting Pedagogies related to organizational setting

38. Dimensions for Reuse Locally Repository How learning objects are stored Personal Formal workflow Work processes Personal habits Organizational Incentives for reuse Participation Acquisition Learning scenarios The world of inspiration The Merchant world The world of Opinion The Civic world The Domestic world The industrial world Cultures within the context Personal Oriented Systems Oriented