The document discusses stress-strain curves, shear force, and bending moments. It defines stress as the force per unit area and strain as the extension or reduction per unit length. Stress-strain curves show the elastic region, yielding, strain hardening, and failure points for brittle and ductile materials. Beams are horizontal structural elements that resist loads through bending. Shear force is the sum of forces to the left or right of a cut section, while bending moment is the sum of the moments. Shear force and bending moment diagrams are used to analyze the reactions, shear forces, and bending moments in beams under different load types.

1. STRESS-STRAIN CURVE,
SHEAR FORCE AND
BENDING MOMENT
PRESENTED BY:
HAMZA KHAN (015)
UMER BIN KHALID (014)
HARIS RAFIQ (035)
Department OF Civil Engineering
COMSATS Institute Of Information Technology,

2. Table of Contents
 Stress-Strain Curve
• Stress
• Strain
• Ductile and Brittle Curve
 Shear Force and Bending Moment
• Beams
• Supports and Reactions
• SFD and BMD

3. What Is Stress?
 Stress is defined as
the force per unit area
of a material.
 i.e. stress = force /
cross sectional area
 A tension or
compression stress
created in a structural
member by the
application of a
lengthwise load.

4. What Is Strain?
 Strain is defined as
extension or reduction per
unit length.
 Strain = extension /
original length
 Increase (or decrease) in
length resulting from a
stress acting parallel to the
longitudinal axis of the
specimen.

5. Stress-Strain Curve
Typical regions that
can be observed in a
stress-strain curve
are:
 Elastic region
 Yielding
 Strain Hardening
 Necking and
Failure

6. Stress-Strain Curve
BRITTLE MATERIAL DUCTILE MATERIAL

7. Beams
 The beams are
defined as:
“A structural element
that is capable of
withstanding load
primarily by resisting
against bending.”
 Beams are
horizontal members

8. Supports and Reactions

9. TYPES OF LOADS THAT ACTS
ON BEAM
There are primarily three types of loads acting
on the beam
 Point load
 Uniformly distributed load
 Uniformly varying load

10. Shear Force and Bending
Moment
 Shear Force:
It is the algebraic sum of the left or right of
the cut section.
 Bending Moment:
It is the algebraic sum of the moment of the
forces to the left or to the right of the cut
section.

11.  Reactions
 Shear Force Diagram
 Bending Moment Diagram

12.  Reactions
 Shear Force Diagram
 Bending Moment Diagram

13.  Reactions
 Shear Force Diagram
 Bending Moment Diagram

14. SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING
MOMENT DIAGRAM