The document discusses strategies for developing listening skills, including top-down, bottom-up, and metacognitive strategies. Top-down strategies involve using background knowledge to understand messages by activities like sequencing pictures or identifying locations in conversations. Bottom-up strategies are text-based and involve focusing on specific details, words, and grammar patterns through activities like dictation exercises. Teachers can help students become better listeners by activating their prior knowledge, assessing comprehension, using questions to focus attention, encouraging predicting, and using visual aids.

1. STRATEGIES FOR
DEVELOPING
LISTENING
SKILLS
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2. Let’s find
out!
Have you had any
problems dealing with
listening exercises?
How much do you know
about listening?
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3. Do you agree with this?
 Language learning depends on
listening.
 When you listen to a
conversation in English, you
try to understand every word.
 Listening to songs and radio
programs in English are two of
the best ways to learn the
language.FAZMIC (J/SEC) Mushaf Base Sargodha 3

4. When you disagree with a
speaker's message, you usually stop
paying attention.
When you agree with a speaker's
message you usually nod.
Your role as a listener is to show
interest.
As you listen to someone speak
you take notes to help yourself
understand the message.FAZMIC (J/SEC) Mushaf Base Sargodha 4

5. How much do learners retain from
the listening input?
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6. Why is
listening an
important
skill to
develop in
your
language
learners?FAZMIC (J/SEC) Mushaf Base Sargodha 6

7. Because language learners need
it:
To obtain information
To understand
For enjoyment
To learn
To communicate
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8. Listening is the language
modality^ that is used most
frequently but…
…why is listening in
English so hard?
^is the way or mode in which something exists or is done; shares its root with the word mode,
meaning "the way in which something happens or is experienced."
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9. Because…
Students have to process the
messages as they come, cope with the
speaker’s choice of vocabulary,
structure, and rate of delivery.
The complexity of the listening
process is magnified in second
language context where the listener
also has an incomplete control of the
language.
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10. It is essential for language
teachers to help our students
become effective active
listeners.
How can we do so?
By modeling listening
strategies
By providing active
listening practiceNext slide>>TEACHING STRATEGIES
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11. What are listening
strategies?
are techniques or activities that
contribute directly to the
comprehension and recall of
listening input.
can be classified by how the
listener processes the input.
These are:
Top down, Bottom up and
Metacognitive
*STRATEGY -Is a high level plan to achieve one or more goals under
conditions of uncertainty.
--an elaborate and systematic plan of action
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12. Top-Down Listening Activities
• putting a series of pictures or sequence of
events in order.
• Listening to conversation and identify
where they take place
• Reading information about a topic then
listening to find whether or not the same
points are mentioned.
• Inferring the relationship between the
people involved.FAZMIC (J/SEC) Mushaf Base Sargodha 12

13. Bottom – up Listening
Strategies
They are text based. The listener
relies on the language in the
message (sounds, words, and
grammar that creates meaning)
Bottom-up strategies include:
•listening for specific details
•Recognizing cognates
•Recognizing word-order patterns>>CONDUCT AN ACTIVITY USING THE BOTTOM UP LISTENING
STRATEGY
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14. Tongue Twister
How much dew does a dewdrop drop
If dewdrops do drop dew?
They do drop, they do
As do dewdrops drop
If dewdrops do drop dew.
Can you imagine an imaginary menagerie
manager
imagining managing an imaginary
menagerie?
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15. Successful listening depends on the
ability to combine top-down and
bottom-up processing.
Activities which work separately
should help students to combine top-
down and bottom-up processes to
become more effective listeners in
real-life or longer classroom listening.
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16. Tips for Helping our Students
Become Active Listeners
Activate your students’ prior
knowledge before any listening
activity in order to predict or
anticipate content.
Assess your students' background
knowledge on the topic and
linguistic content of the text.
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17. Tips for Helping our Students
Become Active Listeners
If students are to complete a
written task during or
immediately after listening,
allow them to read through it
before listening.
Use questions to focus students'
attention on the elements of the
text crucial to comprehension of
the whole.
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18. Use predicting to encourage
students to monitor their
comprehension as they listen
Remind students to review what
they are hearing to see if it
makes sense in the context of
their prior knowledge and what
they already know of the topic
or events of the passage.
Use visual aids such as maps,
diagrams, pictures, or the
images on the video to help
contextualize the input and>>NEXT SLIDE-SUMMARY
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19. To sum it up….
The three
strategies for
developing
Listening Skills
Top down -refers to
the use of
background
knowledge in
understanding the
meaning of the
message.
putting a series of pictures
or sequence of events in
order.
 Listening to conversation
and identify where they
take place
 Reading information
about a topic then listening
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20. To sum it up….
The three
strategies for
developing
Listening Skills
Bottom up - know
about details and
segments. It
concentrates on forms
and structure. Thus, this
strategy is more related
with academic study.
English learning
students use this activity
to enhance their
listening ability.
•Dictation and listening tests are
included in this.
•In class, ‘fill in the blank/s’
activity can increase students’
awareness of forms.
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21. THANK YOU
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