The document provides information on stock exchanges in India, including the major exchanges like the Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange. It discusses the key players in stock exchanges like brokers, jobbers, and investors. It also covers topics like speculation, causes of price fluctuations, the role of SEBI in regulating exchanges, and how companies are rated. The largest stock exchange is the Bombay Stock Exchange, located in Mumbai, which accounts for over two-thirds of trading in India.
This presentation covers Merchant Banking History; Categories; Services provided by them; Methods of placement; underwriting; Issue management & SEBI guidelines.
Capital Market is divided into two division; Primary Market and Secondary Market. Primary Market and its components are briefly described in this presentation.
This presentation covers Merchant Banking History; Categories; Services provided by them; Methods of placement; underwriting; Issue management & SEBI guidelines.
Capital Market is divided into two division; Primary Market and Secondary Market. Primary Market and its components are briefly described in this presentation.
This PPT covers all the details on how trading is done and what all are the major stock exchanges in India. The basic process and the technical aspects all are inclusive in this PPT.
This ppt is prepared to provide detailed information regarding Forwards and Futures contracts of Derivatives the topics covered under this are Meaning of Forwards contracts, Underlying Assets of Forwards contracts, FEATURES OF FORWARD CONTRACTS, Tailored made, Why Forwards contracts, FUTURES CONTRACT, What is A Futures Contract, Characteristics of Futures contracts, Mechanism of Trading in Futures Market, Margin requirement, Marking-to-market (M2M), SETTLING A FUTURE POSITION, OFFSETTING, CASH DELIVERY, by Sundar, Assistant Professor of commerce.
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This PPT covers all the details on how trading is done and what all are the major stock exchanges in India. The basic process and the technical aspects all are inclusive in this PPT.
This ppt is prepared to provide detailed information regarding Forwards and Futures contracts of Derivatives the topics covered under this are Meaning of Forwards contracts, Underlying Assets of Forwards contracts, FEATURES OF FORWARD CONTRACTS, Tailored made, Why Forwards contracts, FUTURES CONTRACT, What is A Futures Contract, Characteristics of Futures contracts, Mechanism of Trading in Futures Market, Margin requirement, Marking-to-market (M2M), SETTLING A FUTURE POSITION, OFFSETTING, CASH DELIVERY, by Sundar, Assistant Professor of commerce.
Subscribe to Vision Academy for Video assistance
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IABF Education Institute gives to you details about Stock Market details, How to know about stock markets, What is Stock Market, Who is broker, What is D/Mat A/C, Functions of Brokers, Know about NIFTY,
This presentation is about stock exchange.Stock exchange is an organisation and body of individuals whether incorporated or not established for the purpose of assisting,regulating,and controlling of business in buying ,selling and designing securities
Among all top 10 stock advisory company Indore Trade Nivesh is the best financial platform to get daily intraday stock market recommendations and market calls
Stock market and share market essentially mean the same thing. Both terms describe an exchange in which buyers and sellers of stock or shares may trade in a market with high liquidity
Exploring Abhay Bhutada’s Views After Poonawalla Fincorp’s Collaboration With...beulahfernandes8
The financial landscape in India has witnessed a significant development with the recent collaboration between Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank.
The launch of the co-branded credit card, the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card, marks a major milestone for both entities.
This strategic move aims to redefine and elevate the banking experience for customers.
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the telegram id of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Tele gram: @Pi_vendor_247
#pi #sell #nigeria #pinetwork #picoins #sellpi #Nigerian #tradepi #pinetworkcoins #sellmypi
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
What website can I sell pi coins securely.DOT TECH
Currently there are no website or exchange that allow buying or selling of pi coins..
But you can still easily sell pi coins, by reselling it to exchanges/crypto whales interested in holding thousands of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell to these crypto whales and holders of pi..
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners and pi merchants stands in between the miners and the exchanges.
How can I sell my pi coins?
Selling pi coins is really easy, but first you need to migrate to mainnet wallet before you can do that. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
Tele-gram.
@Pi_vendor_247
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
2. WHAT IS STOCK EXCHANGE
Stock exchange is that place where trading of
shares is done in terms of sale and purchase.
3. INTRODUCTION :
• There are 23 stock exchanges in the
India. Mumbai's (earlier known as
Bombay), Bombay Stock Exchange is the
largest, with over 6,000 stocks listed. The
BSE accounts for over two thirds of the
total trading volume in the country.
Established in 1875, the exchange is also
the oldest in Asia. Among the twenty-two
Stock Exchanges recognised by the
Government of India under the Securities
Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956, it was
the first one to be recognised and it is the
only one that had the privilege of getting
permanent recognition ab-initio.
8. CONT……
• 21.RANBAXY
• 22.RELIANCE COMMUNICATION
• 23.RELIANCE ENERGY
• 24.RIL
• 25.SATYAM
• 26.SBI
• 27.TCS
• 28.TATA MOTERS
• 29.TATA STEEL
• 30.WIPRO
9. THE TOP TEN SINGLE DAY FALLS
OF THE SENSEX HAS :
1. Jan 21, 2008 --- 1,408.35 points
2. Jan 22, 2008 --- 857 points
3. Feb 11, 2008 --- 833.98 points
4. May 18, 2006 --- 826 points
5. Dec 17, 2007 --- 769.48 points
6. Oct 17, 2007 --- 717.43 points
7. Jan 18, 2007 --- 687.82 points
8. Nov 21, 2007 --- 678.18 points
9. Aug 16, 2007 --- 642.70 points
10. Apr 2, 2007 --- 616.73 points
12. NSE
• The National Stock Exchange (NSE),
located in Bombay, is India's first debt
market. It was set up in 1993 to encourage
stock exchange reform through system
modernization and competition. It opened
for trading in mid-1994. It was recently
accorded recognition as a stock exchange
by the Department of Company Affairs.
The instruments traded are, treasury bills,
government security and bonds issued by
public sector companies
13. CONT……….
• The Organisation: The National
Stock Exchange of India Limited has
genesis in the report of the High
Powered Study Group on
Establishment of New Stock
Exchanges, which recommended
promotion of a National Stock
Exchange by financial institutions
(FIs) to provide access to investors
from all across the country on an
equal footing.
14. CONT………
• Based on the recommendations, NSE was promoted by
leading Financial Institutions at the behest of the Government
of India and was incorporated in November 1992 as a tax-
paying company unlike other stock exchanges in the country
15. CONT……………
• NSE Group:
1. India Index Services & Products Ltd. (IISL)
2. National Securities Clearing Corporation Ltd.
(NSCCL)
3. NSE.IT Ltd.
4. National Securities Depository Ltd. (NSDL)
5. DotEx International Limited
16. SPECULATION :
• Definition : it involves the buying,holding,selling,short-
term selling of
stocks,bonds.commodities,currencies,collectibles or any
valuable financial instrument to profit from fluctuations
in its price as opposed to buying it for use or for income
via method like dividends or interest.
17. Kinds of speculation
• Bull Market (Tejiwala): In case of that they purchase the
shares at current prices to sell at a higher price in the near
future and makes a profit if his expectations come true.he
is also called a long buyer.
• Bear Market (Mandiwala) : He sells security in the hope
that he will be able to buy them back at lesser price.It is
also called “short selling”.
18. Cont………………
• Lame duck : When a bear has made contracts to sell
securities,find it difficult to meet his commitment due to
non-availability of security,,they always struggling..
• Stag : He is that type of speculator who applies for a large
number of a shares in a new issue with the intention of
selling them at a premium.He is bullish and very
cautious.
19. FOREX MARKET
CURRENCY IN :
• US.DOLLAR
• 48.44
• EURO
• 68.99
• POUND
• 79.72
• JAPANESE YEN
• 0.513
• SINGAPORE DOLLAR
• 33.63
20. BENEFITS OF STOCK EXCHANGE
• FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF COMMUNITY:
• 1.It assist the economis development by providing a body
of interested investors.
• 2.it uploads the position of superior enterprises and assist
them in raising further funds.
• 3.It encourages capital formation
• 4.Government can undertake projects of national
importance and social value raising funds through the
sale of its securities on the stock exchange.
• 5.It is the stock exchanges that central bank of a country
can control credit by undertaking open market operations
(purchase and sale of securities)
21. FROM THE COMPANY POINT OF VIEW
• 1.A company whose shares quoted on stock
exchange they enjoy better reputation and credit.
• 2.The market for the shares of such a company is
naturally widened.
• 3.The market price of securities is likely to be
higher in relation to its earnings,dividends and
property values.This raises the bargaining power
of the company in the event of a takeover,merger
or amalgamation.
22. FROM THE INVESTORS POINT OF VIEW
• 1.Liquidity of the investment is increased
• 2.The securities dealt on a stock exchange are good
collateral security for loans.
• 3.The stock exchange safeguards interests of investors
through strict enforcement of rules and regulations.
• 4.The present net worth of investments can be easily
known by the daily quotations.
• 5.His risk is considerably less when he holds or purchases
listed securities.
24. SHAREHOLDER
• Shareholders are divided into two parts
• 1.Preference shareholder: Preference shareholder
are those which have preferential right to the
payment of dividend during the life time of the
company,and a preferential right to the return of
the capital when the company is wound up.
25. CHARACTERISTICS OF PREF.SHAREHOLDER
• 1.The dividend on them is fixed by the articles of
the company.
• 2.They get their fixed rate of dividend before any
dividend is distributed among the other class of
shareholders.
• 3.At the time of winding up of the company, the
preference shareholder must be paid back their
capital before anything is paid to the ordinary
shareholders.
26. KINDS OF PREF.SHAREHOLDER
• 1.Cumulative shareholder: These shares are
entitled to fixed dividends whether there are
profits or loss.If profits are not sufficient to pay
in a particular year then that will pay on next
year.
• 2.Non Cumulative pref.share: These shares
cannot claim arrears of dividends of any year (if
not paid due to insufficiency of profits ) out of
profits of subsequent year.
27. CONT…….
• 3.Participating pref. Shares: These shares
receives a fixed rate of dividend in priority to
ordinary shares and further,the right to participate
in balance of profits in an agreed proportion
together with ordinary shares.
• 4.Redeemable pref.shares: These are shares
which can be purchased back by the
company.The company reserves its rights to call
back or purchased these shares at any time .
28. EQUITY SHARES
• All shares which are not preference shares are
equity shares.These shares do not have a fixed
rate of dividend,they are always irredeemable and
their holders have normal voting rights.
• They are also the owners of the company.
• They take dividend
29. DEBENTURES
• A document under the company seal which
provides for the payment of a principal sum and
interest there on at regular intervals which is
usually secured by a fixed or floating charge on
the company’s property or undertaking which
acknowledges a loan to the company.
30. INTERNAL PLAYERS
• The members of the stock exchange can be
divided into two parts:
• A.Broker: He is a commission agent who
transacts business in securities on behalf of non-
members.They may have number of sub-brokers
to canvass and secure business for them.
• B.Jobber: He is an independent dealer
securities.He purchase and sells securities in his
own name. He is not allowed to deal with non-
members directly.He works for profit.
31. Tarawaniwala
• Non-members : The following categories of non
members are also permitted to enter trading hall
and transact business on the behalf of members.
• Authorized clerks: They are the assistant or
agents.They buy or sell on the behalf of
employers.They can not transact business on
their own account.
• Remisers: They are the sub-brokers. He is also
called the half commission men.
32. CAUSES OF PRICE FLUCTUATION
• 1.DEMAND AND SUPPLY
• 2.BANK RATE
• 3.SPECULATIVE PRESSURE
• 4.ACTIONS OF UNDERWRITERS AND
OTHER FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
• 5.CHANGE IN COMPANY’S BOARD OF
DIRECTORS
• 6.FINANCIAL POSITION OF THE COMPANY
33. CONT……..
• 7.TRADE CYCLE
• 8.POLITICAL FACTORS
• 9.SYMPATHETIC FLUCTUATIONS
• 10.OTHER FACTORS:
• A.EXPECTED MONSOON
• B.PERSONAL HEALTH OF HEAD OF
GOVERNMENT OR CHAIRMAN OF THE COMPANY
• C.OIL PRICES IN THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET.
34. CONT…….
• D.CHANGES IN EXCHANGE RATE
• E.BORDER TENSION
• F.STOCK BROKERS SCAM LIKE HARSHAD
MEHTA AND KETHAN PAREKH
• G.STRIKES AND LOCK-OUT OF THE
COMPANY.
• H.NEW BUDGET PROPOSALS
• I.LOBERLIZATION AND PRIVATIZATION
OF THE COMPANY.
35. SEBI
• It was constituted and made a statutory body by
SEBI act 1992.With the coming into effect of
SEBI, some of the powers and function exercised
by the central government,in respect of
regulation of stock exchanges were transferred to
the SEBI.
36. OBJECTIVES OF SEBI
• 1.Registring and regulating the working of stock
brokers,sub-brokers,share transfer
agents,underwriters……….who may be associated
securities market in any manner.
• 2.Registering and regulating the working of collective
investment scheme including mutual funds.
• 3.Prohibiting insider trading in securities.
• 4.Regulating substantial acquisition of shares and
takeovers of companies.
37. CONT……
• 5.Calling for information from,undertaking
inspection,conducting inquiries and audits of
stock exchanges and intermediaries and self
regulatory organizations in the securities market.
• 6.Performing such function and exercising such
powers under the provisions of the capital
issues(control) act 1947 and SCRA 1956,as may
be delegated to it by the central government.
• 7.Performing such other functions as may be
prescribed.
38. BUY BACK SHARES
• In simple term when company re-purchase of its
own shares that is called buy back shares.
39. HOW RATING IS GIVEN TO THE COMPANY?
• Basically rating is given after see the company
'image,management quality,assets quality,auditors
quality,accounting accuracy.Rating is not fixed, it may be
change. The rating grades are:
• AAA: HIGHEST SAFTY
• AA: HIGH SAFTY
• A: ADEQUATE SAFTY
• BBB: MODERATE SAFTY
• BB: IN ADEQUATE SAFTY
• BC&D: HIGH RISK AND DEFAULT