Stimuli and response for dummies
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The document describes several different animals and their responses to stimuli in their environments. Cats have a reflex that allows them to land on their feet after falling due to their flexible spine and lack of clavicle. Sunflowers face the sun due to a muscle at their base called a pulvinus. Mother birds feed newly hatched babies that do not know how to hunt. Carnivorous plants trap insects in sticky mouths when hungry. Chameleons change color to camouflage and hunt prey or hide from predators. Crocodiles quickly drown their prey by rolling with it in their mouths. Dolphins breathe through a blowhole on their head due to being mammals. Spitting cobras spit venom at predators'
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Chameleon - Report
Chameleons are classified as reptiles in the order Squamata. They primarily eat insects but will also consume flowers and fruits. Chameleons prefer to live in cool, hidden places like under rocks, in caves, and under trees in the wild. Their predators include snakes, birds like hornbills, and certain types of Indonesian birds. Chameleons have several physical adaptations for camouflage and catching prey, such as the ability to change color, a long tongue, and clawed feet.
Subphylum myripoda
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A summary of Subphylum Myriapoda with illustrations.
Each class is described as well as the general characteristics of the subphylum.
Chapter 15.2 evidence of evolution
Multiple lines of evidence support the theory of evolution, including fossils, comparative anatomy, embryology, biochemistry, and the geographic distribution of organisms. Fossils show transitional forms and derived versus ancestral traits. Comparative anatomy reveals homologous and vestigial structures. Embryos of different species exhibit homologous structures early in development. Biochemistry demonstrates complex molecules shared across species. Geographic distribution patterns also provide evidence of evolution.
Darwin’s theory of evolution
Darwin proposed four main ideas about evolution: 1) Common descent - all organisms are related through descent from a common ancestor; 2) Gradualism - new species arise gradually through accumulation of small adaptations over time; 3) Multiplication of species - populations tend to increase in size, leading to new species; 4) Natural selection - individuals with traits better suited to the environment will leave more offspring, driving evolution.
MeetTheMammalsSlidesAndNotes.pdf
The platypus uses its sensitive snout to detect tiny movements of prey in rivers and streams, as its skin covers its eyes and ears when it dives. It is one of few mammals that lays eggs. Wallabies are marsupials where tiny babies live in their mother's pouch to feed and grow until around 10 months old. Dolphins are powerful swimmers that can reach speeds over 20 mph with their streamlined shape, strong tail flukes, and steering flippers, though they usually swim at 5 mph. Bats have built-in radar called echolocation that helps them fly and hunt in darkness by emitting high-pitched noises.
See How do animals kill their prey for food
In the animal kingdom, every animal has a different way of attacking, whether it is a lion or a snake, everyone knows how to control their prey in their own way. Their method of hunting is so precise that no one can escape from them even if they want to. Every animal can injure its prey in its own way and kill it. Even some animals hunt so brutally that you get stunned. The attacks of some animals are very painful and some kill you without giving any pain. And today we will tell you about such animals whose attacking methods will astonish you, so without delay let us know about our article Animals and Their Attacking Abilities.A Komodo dragon with a tongue moving in an open natural habitat.Among the dangerous animals, let us first talk about the Komodo dragon, which does not even allow its prey to move due to its attacking skills. The attack of Komodo dragon is so dangerous that even humans are forced to run away from it. Known as the largest living lizard, this animal is also known as Land Crocodile due to its attacks. They are only 3 meters long in size but weigh up to 70 kilograms.Talking about attacks, Komodo dragons mostly attack in groups. And by attacking the neck or lower part of their victim, they leave them half dead and when the victim does not have the strength to fight after losing more than half of the blood of their body, they leave them. In this attack they have sharp claws and sharp teeth help in killing the prey quickly.Apart from this, it is believed that there is poison present in their teeth and lower jaw which helps in killing the prey quickly.A golden eagle is looking towards the sky with its sharp eyes.After attacking, many animals are known to kill their prey and cook it, but today we will tell you one such thing about the Golden Eagle, knowing which you will also start wondering how birds are so intelligent. Normally, the method of attack of the Golden Eagle is simple. With the help of its powerful feet and sharp talons, it destroys all four sides of the enemy.It is common for them to catch their prey in their legs and fly away. They trap it and take it to a safe place and then kill it by biting it with the help of its beak. Although they often make squirrels, grouse partridges, reptiles and small birds their food, but in the past, they have eaten larger animals like goats. Their intelligence level was measured when they first threw a goat standing at a height to the ground with the help of their claws and beak and then when the goat died due to falling from a height, they easily killed it. Made it his food.There is an electrical eel hidden among the sea grass.We have seen animals that kill their prey by flying and swallowing them, but now let's talk about the electric eel, which God has sent to this earth by blessing it with electric current. Electric eels have electric current for their security.Which it mostly uses either to save its life or to arrange for its food.
chameleon
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Chameleon - Report
Chameleons are classified as reptiles in the order Squamata. They primarily eat insects but will also consume flowers and fruits. Chameleons prefer to live in cool, hidden places like under rocks, in caves, and under trees in the wild. Their predators include snakes, birds like hornbills, and certain types of Indonesian birds. Chameleons have several physical adaptations for camouflage and catching prey, such as the ability to change color, a long tongue, and clawed feet.
Subphylum myripoda
Subphyllum uniramia/Myriapoda; Class Chilopoda: centipedes; Class Diplopoda: Millipedes; Class Pauropoda: pauropods; Class Symphyla: garden centipedes; mandibulates
A summary of Subphylum Myriapoda with illustrations.
Each class is described as well as the general characteristics of the subphylum.
Chapter 15.2 evidence of evolution
Multiple lines of evidence support the theory of evolution, including fossils, comparative anatomy, embryology, biochemistry, and the geographic distribution of organisms. Fossils show transitional forms and derived versus ancestral traits. Comparative anatomy reveals homologous and vestigial structures. Embryos of different species exhibit homologous structures early in development. Biochemistry demonstrates complex molecules shared across species. Geographic distribution patterns also provide evidence of evolution.
Darwin’s theory of evolution
Darwin proposed four main ideas about evolution: 1) Common descent - all organisms are related through descent from a common ancestor; 2) Gradualism - new species arise gradually through accumulation of small adaptations over time; 3) Multiplication of species - populations tend to increase in size, leading to new species; 4) Natural selection - individuals with traits better suited to the environment will leave more offspring, driving evolution.
MeetTheMammalsSlidesAndNotes.pdf
The platypus uses its sensitive snout to detect tiny movements of prey in rivers and streams, as its skin covers its eyes and ears when it dives. It is one of few mammals that lays eggs. Wallabies are marsupials where tiny babies live in their mother's pouch to feed and grow until around 10 months old. Dolphins are powerful swimmers that can reach speeds over 20 mph with their streamlined shape, strong tail flukes, and steering flippers, though they usually swim at 5 mph. Bats have built-in radar called echolocation that helps them fly and hunt in darkness by emitting high-pitched noises.
See How do animals kill their prey for food
In the animal kingdom, every animal has a different way of attacking, whether it is a lion or a snake, everyone knows how to control their prey in their own way. Their method of hunting is so precise that no one can escape from them even if they want to. Every animal can injure its prey in its own way and kill it. Even some animals hunt so brutally that you get stunned. The attacks of some animals are very painful and some kill you without giving any pain. And today we will tell you about such animals whose attacking methods will astonish you, so without delay let us know about our article Animals and Their Attacking Abilities.A Komodo dragon with a tongue moving in an open natural habitat.Among the dangerous animals, let us first talk about the Komodo dragon, which does not even allow its prey to move due to its attacking skills. The attack of Komodo dragon is so dangerous that even humans are forced to run away from it. Known as the largest living lizard, this animal is also known as Land Crocodile due to its attacks. They are only 3 meters long in size but weigh up to 70 kilograms.Talking about attacks, Komodo dragons mostly attack in groups. And by attacking the neck or lower part of their victim, they leave them half dead and when the victim does not have the strength to fight after losing more than half of the blood of their body, they leave them. In this attack they have sharp claws and sharp teeth help in killing the prey quickly.Apart from this, it is believed that there is poison present in their teeth and lower jaw which helps in killing the prey quickly.A golden eagle is looking towards the sky with its sharp eyes.After attacking, many animals are known to kill their prey and cook it, but today we will tell you one such thing about the Golden Eagle, knowing which you will also start wondering how birds are so intelligent. Normally, the method of attack of the Golden Eagle is simple. With the help of its powerful feet and sharp talons, it destroys all four sides of the enemy.It is common for them to catch their prey in their legs and fly away. They trap it and take it to a safe place and then kill it by biting it with the help of its beak. Although they often make squirrels, grouse partridges, reptiles and small birds their food, but in the past, they have eaten larger animals like goats. Their intelligence level was measured when they first threw a goat standing at a height to the ground with the help of their claws and beak and then when the goat died due to falling from a height, they easily killed it. Made it his food.There is an electrical eel hidden among the sea grass.We have seen animals that kill their prey by flying and swallowing them, but now let's talk about the electric eel, which God has sent to this earth by blessing it with electric current. Electric eels have electric current for their security.Which it mostly uses either to save its life or to arrange for its food.
chameleon
The document summarizes the biology of the Indian chameleon (Chamaeleo zeylanicus). It discusses the chameleon's systematic position, origin around 65-45 million years ago, key physical characteristics including a prehensile tail and ability to change color, habitat in trees in southern parts of India and Sri Lanka, insectivorous diet, reproductive behaviors like laying 30 eggs, and conservation status of least concern due to its wide distribution. The document concludes the species requires reassessment if it faces regional threats in India and Sri Lanka that could lead to population declines.
Facts about chameleons
Chameleons are a famous lizard family known for their ability to change color. They are found primarily in Africa, Madagascar, and other tropical regions. Chameleons change color to regulate their body temperature, with darker colors absorbing more heat from the sun. They are ectothermic animals whose temperature depends on external heat sources. Chameleons have a long, sticky tongue that helps them catch prey and strong jaws to crush and consume their food.
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This document provides information about various animals and their abilities, as well as lessons about being grateful to God. It discusses how different birds fly, how ants farm fungus, and special adaptations of penguins, koalas and camels. It emphasizes that God created each species perfectly for their environment and needs. The document concludes with messages about loving God and expressing gratitude for His blessings, being honest, and complying with His moral teachings.
Carnivorous plants ppt les 3
Here is a drawing of my carnivorous plant using only plant parts:
[DRAWING OF A CARNIVOROUS PLANT USING LEAF SHAPES FOR THE TRAP AND STEM/VINES]
The trap is made of folded heart-shaped leaves. Smaller pointed leaves form the entrance. A long twisting stem holds the trap above the ground on a bed of flat round leaves.
Insectapages
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This document provides information on gardening to attract butterflies in Louisiana. It discusses the benefits of butterfly gardening, including that butterflies are pollinators and ecological indicators. It also outlines the basic requirements for a butterfly garden: food, water, shelter, and space to reproduce. The document then describes the life cycle of butterflies and lists common butterfly species found in Louisiana. It provides tips for planting locations and features to include like nectar plants, drinking water, basking spots, and fruit.
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An ecosystem refers to all the animals and plants that live together in one place and interact with each other. Different ecosystems can exist close together and some animals belong to multiple ecosystems. Every aspect of an animal's environment, including where it lives and the other organisms it interacts with, affects it. All living things are adapted to their environments in ways that help them survive, such as streamlined bodies that aid fish in swimming or thick layers of fat that keep seals warm. An animal's habitat is the place it lives and finds what it needs to survive, like food, water, shelter and mates. Living things depend on each other for food, with plants and some animals producing food (primary producers) and other animals consuming food (
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FOOD CHAINS UNIT 3 YEAR 3
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Concepts of Ethology
1. Innate behaviors are hardwired and occur without learning. They are performed through fixed action patterns (FAPs) triggered by sign stimuli.
2. FAPs are species-specific sequences of behaviors that are released and completed once started. Examples include nest building, courtship dances, and aggression displays.
3. Sign stimuli are simple cues that trigger FAPs. Exaggerated sign stimuli called supernormal stimuli can elicit exaggerated responses. Brood parasites use supernormal eggs/chicks to elicit more care from hosts.
Animal behavior
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Here is a drawing of my carnivorous plant using only plant parts:
[DRAWING OF A CARNIVOROUS PLANT USING LEAF SHAPES FOR THE TRAP AND STEM/VINES]
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Insectapages
Flies undergo complete metamorphosis, starting as eggs and developing into maggots and then adult flies. They have a mushroom-shaped body with multiple eyes and breathe through a tracheal system. Flies are important because they transmit diseases but typically only live 21 days, though some species in warmer areas live year-round.
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An ecosystem refers to all the animals and plants that live together in one place and interact with each other. Different ecosystems can exist close together and some animals belong to multiple ecosystems. Every aspect of an animal's environment, including where it lives and the other organisms it interacts with, affects it. Animals are adapted to their environments through traits that help them survive, such as streamlined bodies that aid fish in swimming or thick layers of fat that insulate seals. A habitat is the place where an animal lives and finds what it needs to survive, like food, water and shelter. All living things require food and organisms in an ecosystem depend on each other for nourishment, with some animals eating plants or other animals. Food chains illustrate pred
Habitats and foodchains
An ecosystem refers to all the animals and plants that live together in one place and interact with each other. Different ecosystems can exist close together and some animals belong to multiple ecosystems. Every aspect of an animal's environment, including where it lives and the other organisms it interacts with, affects it. Animals are adapted to their environments through traits that help them survive, such as streamlined bodies that aid fish in swimming or thick layers of fat that insulate seals. A habitat is the place where an animal lives and finds what it needs to survive, like food, water and shelter. All living things require food and organisms in an ecosystem depend on each other for nourishment, with some animals eating plants or other animals. Food chains illustrate pred
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FOOD CHAINS UNIT 3 YEAR 3
Food chains show how organisms within an ecosystem rely on each other for energy and nutrients. Plants are producers as they produce their own food through photosynthesis. Herbivores consume plants and carnivores consume herbivores or other carnivores. Lions are an example of an apex predator, occupying the top of some terrestrial food chains, as no other animals prey on them. Disruptions anywhere in a food chain can impact the entire ecosystem.
Plant and insect
This document provides information about dragonflies and Kopsia Blume plants. It discusses dragonflies' quick flight speeds, 360-degree vision enabled by their 28,000 lenses, and ability to avoid predators through hiding or quick flight. It also describes Kopsia Blume as a pink-flowering tree from Southeast Asia that relies on photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration for growth. Its flowers and seeds can be eaten but its dead leaves taste bitter. The document presents this information through text, diagrams, and labels on the natural surroundings of the observed area.
Diptera (Flies).pptx
The document discusses the order Diptera, or true flies. It notes that Diptera are characterized by having one pair of wings, with the hind wings reduced to knob-like structures called halteres. Flies range in size from less than 1mm to over 7cm. There are over 125,000 known fly species worldwide. Flies can be found in most habitats and play both beneficial and harmful roles in ecosystems.
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An ecosystem refers to all the animals and plants that live together in one place and interact with each other. Different ecosystems can exist close together and some animals belong to multiple ecosystems. Every aspect of an animal's environment, including where it lives and the other organisms it interacts with, affects it. Animals are adapted to their environments through traits that help them survive, such as streamlined bodies that aid fish in swimming or thick layers of fat that insulate seals. A habitat is the place where an animal lives and finds what it needs to survive, like food, water and shelter. All living things require food and organisms in an ecosystem depend on each other for nourishment, with some animals eating plants or other animals. Food chains illustrate pred
Concepts of Ethology
1. Innate behaviors are hardwired and occur without learning. They are performed through fixed action patterns (FAPs) triggered by sign stimuli.
2. FAPs are species-specific sequences of behaviors that are released and completed once started. Examples include nest building, courtship dances, and aggression displays.
3. Sign stimuli are simple cues that trigger FAPs. Exaggerated sign stimuli called supernormal stimuli can elicit exaggerated responses. Brood parasites use supernormal eggs/chicks to elicit more care from hosts.
Animal behavior
Animal behavior types can be categorized into several types including learning, habituation, imprinting, classical conditioning, trial and error learning, latent learning, insight, reasoning, and cognition. Learning is the modification of behavior based on experiences and can range from simple to complex. Habituation is the decrease in response to repeated stimuli over time. Imprinting occurs during a sensitive period where young animals learn recognition and attraction patterns. Classical conditioning pairs an innate response with a new stimulus. Trial and error and insight involve solving problems through testing or understanding relationships. Latent learning occurs without reinforcement. Animal cognition allows perception, processing, and use of information.
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The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
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Stimuli and response for dummies
- 1. By : Ricardo Colyer
- 2. Cats Cats have something called cat righting reflex which allows them to land on their feet (response) whenever they fall (stimuli). This happens because they have a flexible backbone and no functional clavicle.
- 3. Sunflowers Sunflowers need the greatest amount of sun radiation possible (stimuli) so they have the ability to move facing the sun’s position (response). This is possible thanks to something called pulvinus which is found at the base of the leaf and works like a muscle.
- 4. Birds Since newly born birds don’t know how to hunt (stimuli), the mother has to get food to her babies and feed them (response).
- 5. Carnivorous plants Carnivorus plants, unlike many plants is a consumer because it’s diet consists on insects. When this plant gets hungry (stimului) the top part of the plant opens and it catches insects with it’s sticky mouth that works as a trap (response).
- 6. Chameleons Chameleons as any other carnivore needs to hunt (stimuli)so he uses his ability to change it’s skin color to camoflage and hunt his prey without being seen (response). It also uses it’s camoflage to hide from larger predators.
- 7. Crocodriles Crocodriles, like many other carnivores have their own strategy to kill the’re prey(stimuli). The crocodrile’s strategy is to grab an animal, sumerge it then they roll with the prey on they mouth and it has a quick death(response).
- 8. Dolphins Dolphins, even though they look like a fish it is actually a mammal. Like all mammals, dolphins need to breathe fresh air(stimuli), that’s why they have a hole on the top of it’s head called blowhole, which they use to inhale and exhale air (response)
- 9. Spitting cobras Spitting cobras, unlike most snakes it has the ability tonspitting venom to the prey’s eyes(response) whenever it’s hungry or in danger(stimuli).
- 10. Bears Because of scarce food on the winter (stimuli) bears eat a lot on fall and when winter arrives bears go to a cave and sleep all winter (response) and wake up in spring . This is called hybernation