This presentation is related to biological topic stem cell technology. stem cell technology plays an important role in life science. stem cell technology is most important for future researchers on personal genomics, personal drug and Complex Disease Research...

1. PRESENTED BY-
PRANJALI VISHWANATH BHADANE
(BTN-2014/08)

2.  what is stem cell?
 Classification of stem cells
1. On the basis of potency
2. On the basis of their sources
 Stem cell culture
 Stem cell line
 Applications of stem cells
 Disadvantages of stem cells
 Study of stem cells for cardiac disease
 Scientists and stem cell research
 Conclusion

3.  Unspecialized cells that developed into the
specialized cell that make up the different type of
tissue in the human
 Ability to renew themselves and totipotency
 Prove useful for medical research
 Find new way to treating the health problems
 Developed of novel therapies for many serious
diseases and injures

5. ❑ Classification on the basis of potency : Classified by
they can differentiate into different cell type
❖ Totipotent cells: Ability to differentiate into possible
cell type
ex. Zygote formed after egg fertilization and first few
cells that results formation of zygote
❖ Plauripotent cells: Ability to differentiate into most of
cell types

6. cont...
ex. Embryonic stem cells and cells derived from the
mesoderm, endoderm, ectoderm in germ layer
❖ Multipotent cells: Differentiate into a closely related
family of cells
ex. Hematopotic (adult) stem cells
❖ Oligopotent cells : Differentiate into only cell of their
own type, but
✓ They have property of self renewal required to be
labeled a stem cells ex. Muscle stem cells

7. Cont...
✓ Primary role to repair and maintain tissue where
they are found
✓ origin of adult stem cells in some mature tissue is
still under investigation

8. Two types : 1)Embryonic stem cells
2) Adult stem cells/mature stem cells
1. Embryonic stem cells:
❖ Self replicating plaripotent cells
❖ potentially immortal
❖ Derived from embryos at development stage hollow
microscopic ball of cells called the blastocyst.

9. 2. Adult stem cells/mature stem cells:
 Undifferentiated totipotent cells
 Found throughout body after embryonic development
 multiply by cell division to regenerate damage tissues
3. Pluripotent stem cells:
 Recently a third type of stem cells, which properties similar
to embryonic stem cells

11.  Growing stem cells in lab under a controlled
conditions known as stem cell culture
 hESCs are generated by transferring cells from a
embryos into a plastic Petri dish in nutrient medium
 The cells grow on culture then passage it
 Subcultureing regularly throughout month
 Cell line is established original cells yields millions
of embryonic stem cells

12. Skin cells iPS cells
❖Genetically engineering new stem cells

13.  Generation from human fibroblasts
 Generation from additional cell types
 Genes used to produce iPSCs
 Oct-3/4 and products of the Sox gene family (Sox1,
Sox2, Sox3, and Sox15)

14.  Adv. : Genetically identical to patient or donor of
skin cells (no immune rejection!)
 Do not need to use an embryo
 Disadv. : Cells may have genetic defects

15.  Once stem cells have been allowed propagate in controlled
culture collection of healthy and undifferentiated cells is called
stem cell line
 It is family of constantly dividing cells, product of single parent
group of cells
 Obtained from human or animal tissue and replicate for long
period of time in vitro (cultural condition)
 Used for cloning entire organ or cell mass

16.  The collection and preservation of stem cells for use in
research, drug discovery or therapy.
 Hemopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and Mesenchymal stem
cells ( MSCs) are most commonly researched
 Umbilical cord stem cell banking: They are preserve
for use in future for medical therapy
 Umbilical stem cells are :
▪ Easily found
▪ Easily collected
▪ Easily stored

17.  Better and quicker at dividing
and differentiating
 Free from infection
 More than 80 diseases can be
treated by umbilical stem
cells

18.  Stem cells allow us to study how organisms grow and
develop over time
 Stem cells can replace diseased or damaged cells
 We can get a better understanding of our “genetic
machinery.”
 By using stem cells we can stops hereditary diseases
 Its new way to treat may serious diseases permanently

19.  Stem Cell Therapy has the Potential to : Regenerate
tissues/organs
 Cure diseases like diabetes, multiple sclerosis, etc

20. ❑ Possible treatments of stem cells:
✓ A number of stem cell therapies are available
✓ Bone marrow transplantation
✓ Able to treat Type1 diabetes mellitus, cardiac failure
, neurological disorder etc.
❑ Skin transplantation
❑ Brain cells transplantation

21. ❑ Treatment for diabetes
✓ Recently insulin expressing cells from mouse stem
cells have been generated
✓ Having similar structure as human insulin
❑ Anti ageing stem cell treatment
❑ For treating to multiple site cancer

25.  Pluripotency in certain stem cells could also make it
difficult to obtain a specific cell type
 Difficult to obtain the exact cell type needed, because
not all cells in a population differentiate uniformly
 Differentiated cells can create tissues other than
desired types
 Some stem cells form tumors after transplantation

26.  Scientists believe that stem research helps to cure serious
diseases
 But some religions groups says that using stem cells from
embryos is immoral
 “Stem cells are ray of hope. They will provide answer to
many untreatable diseases in the future”
- Dr. Anant E Bagul ,MS orthopedics specialist
in stem cell transplant

27.  Ongoing research on stem cells gives hopes to
patients to cure from diseases
 Stem cells have bright future for therapeutic world
 Hope on to see new modified technology used in
stem cell treatments

28. “In the mIddle of dIffIculty lIes great opportunIty”