This document discusses steganography and steganalysis. It begins with an introduction and overview of steganography techniques, including encryption, decryption, least significant bit insertion, and discrete cosine transformation. It then covers steganalysis approaches like statistical, structural, and visual analysis. The document outlines experiments conducted with least significant bit insertion to hide images in audio and image files. It analyzes the output for changes to statistical characteristics to detect hidden information. In conclusion, the document examines steganography and steganalysis as techniques for covertly hiding and detecting hidden data in digital files.
Steganography (US Listeni/ˌstɛ.ɡʌnˈɔː.ɡrʌ.fi/, UK /ˌstɛɡ.ənˈɒɡ.rə.fi/) is the practice of concealing a file, message, image, or video within another file, message, image, or video. The word steganography combines the Greek words steganos (στεγανός), meaning "covered, concealed, or protected", and graphein (γράφειν) meaning "writing"
Steganography (US Listeni/ˌstɛ.ɡʌnˈɔː.ɡrʌ.fi/, UK /ˌstɛɡ.ənˈɒɡ.rə.fi/) is the practice of concealing a file, message, image, or video within another file, message, image, or video. The word steganography combines the Greek words steganos (στεγανός), meaning "covered, concealed, or protected", and graphein (γράφειν) meaning "writing"
Steganography is the practice of concealing a file, message, image, or video within another file, message, image, or video. The word steganography combines the Greek words steganos meaning "covered, concealed, or protected", and graphein meaning "writing".
The first recorded use of the term was in 1499 by Johannes Trithemius in his Steganographia, a treatise on cryptography and steganography, disguised as a book on magic. Generally, the hidden messages appear to be (or be part of) something else: images, articles, shopping lists, or some other cover text. For example, the hidden message may be in invisible ink between the visible lines of a private letter. Some implementations of steganography that lack a shared secret are forms of security through obscurity, whereas key-dependent steganographic schemes adhere to Kerckhoffs's principle.
The advantage of steganography over cryptography alone is that the intended secret message does not attract attention to itself as an object of scrutiny. Plainly visible encrypted messages—no matter how unbreakable—arouse interest, and may in themselves be incriminating in countries where encryption is illegal.Thus, whereas cryptography is the practice of protecting the contents of a message alone, steganography is concerned with concealing the fact that a secret message is being sent, as well as concealing the contents of the message.
Steganography includes the concealment of information within computer files. In digital steganography, electronic communications may include steganographic coding inside of a transport layer, such as a document file, image file, program or protocol. Media files are ideal for steganographic transmission because of their large size. For example, a sender might start with an innocuous image file and adjust the color of every 100th pixel to correspond to a letter in the alphabet, a change so subtle that someone not specifically looking for it is unlikely to notice it.
A brief over overview of steganographical security techniques and how it has been applied, is applied and will continue to be applied in maintaining confidentiality between two communication parties
This presentation provides an introduction to the Data hiding or Steganography topic, it also shows the types of Steganography, advantages and the related applications.
Steganography is the practice of concealing a file, message, image, or video within another file, message, image, or video. The word steganography combines the Greek words steganos meaning "covered, concealed, or protected", and graphein meaning "writing".
The first recorded use of the term was in 1499 by Johannes Trithemius in his Steganographia, a treatise on cryptography and steganography, disguised as a book on magic. Generally, the hidden messages appear to be (or be part of) something else: images, articles, shopping lists, or some other cover text. For example, the hidden message may be in invisible ink between the visible lines of a private letter. Some implementations of steganography that lack a shared secret are forms of security through obscurity, whereas key-dependent steganographic schemes adhere to Kerckhoffs's principle.
The advantage of steganography over cryptography alone is that the intended secret message does not attract attention to itself as an object of scrutiny. Plainly visible encrypted messages—no matter how unbreakable—arouse interest, and may in themselves be incriminating in countries where encryption is illegal.Thus, whereas cryptography is the practice of protecting the contents of a message alone, steganography is concerned with concealing the fact that a secret message is being sent, as well as concealing the contents of the message.
Steganography includes the concealment of information within computer files. In digital steganography, electronic communications may include steganographic coding inside of a transport layer, such as a document file, image file, program or protocol. Media files are ideal for steganographic transmission because of their large size. For example, a sender might start with an innocuous image file and adjust the color of every 100th pixel to correspond to a letter in the alphabet, a change so subtle that someone not specifically looking for it is unlikely to notice it.
A brief over overview of steganographical security techniques and how it has been applied, is applied and will continue to be applied in maintaining confidentiality between two communication parties
This presentation provides an introduction to the Data hiding or Steganography topic, it also shows the types of Steganography, advantages and the related applications.
This project figure out the pattern of the bytes in the stego file and how steganalysis tool can identify the bytes appended to the truck file by steganography tool. This analysis is based on basic theory of steganography and steganalysis, and using a hex editor in order to check what kind of bytes that the steganography tool appends to the truck file.
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Audio Steganography Coding Using the Discreet Wavelet TransformsCSCJournals
The performance of audio steganography compression system using discreet wavelet transform (DWT) is investigated. Audio steganography coding is the technology of transforming stego-speech into efficiently encoded version that can be decoded in the receiver side to produce a close representation of the initial signal (non compressed). Experimental results prove the efficiency of the used compression technique since the compressed stego-speech are perceptually intelligible and indistinguishable from the equivalent initial signal, while being able to recover the initial stego-speech with slight degradation in the quality .
Stephanie Shaffer is a an Art Facilitator to Pk, K, 4th and 5th grade artist. Her students are given problems professional artists face in regards to what and how to express themselves. They are practice decision making, collaboration, and communication skill they will need in our ever changing world.
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it is used for security purpose using two level dct and wavelet packet denoising .based on digital image processing.the software based on matlab.it is used for high security purpose.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
The major threat in cyber crime for digital forensic examiner is to identify, analyze and interpret the concealed information inside digital medium such as image, audio and video. There are strong indications that hiding information inside digital medium has been used for planning criminal activities. In this way, it is important to develop a steganalysis technique which detects the existence of hidden messages inside digital medium. This paper focuses on universal image steganalysis method which uses RGB to HSI colour model conversion. Any Universal Steganalysis algorithm developed should be tested with various stegoimages to prove its efficiency. The developed Universal Steganalysis algorithm is tested in stego-image database which is obtained by implementing various RGB Least Significant Bit Steganographic algorithms. Though there are many stego-image sources available on the internet it lacks in the information such as how many rows has been infected by the steganography algorithms, how many bits have been modified and which channel has been affected. These parameters are important for Steganalysis algorithms and it helps to rate its efficiency. Proposed Steganalysis using Colour Model has been tested with our Image Database and the results were affirmative.
In the present scenario the use of images increased extremely in the cyber world so that we can
easily transfer data with the help of these images in a secured way. Image steganography becomes
important in this manner. Steganography and cryptography are the two techniques that are often confused
with each other. The input and output of steganography looks alike, but for cryptography the output will be
in an encrypted form which always draws attraction to the attacker. This paper combines both
steganography and cryptography so that attacker doesn’t know about the existence of message and the
message itself is encrypted to ensure more security. The textual data entered by the user is encrypted using
AES algorithm. After encryption, the encrypted data is stored in the colour image by using a hash based
algorithm. Most of the steganographic algorithms available today is suitable for a specific image format
and these algorithms suffers from poor quality of the embedded image. The proposed work does not corrupt
the images quality in any form. The striking feature is that this algorithm is suitable for almost all image
formats e.g.: jpeg/jpg, Bitmap, TIFF and GIFF.
Enhancement of Payload Capacity for Image Steganography based on LSBEditor IJCATR
In this result paper we will show the implementation result of our proposed method. Steganography is an art and
science of Hide the data in a cover image using some techniques that it remains undetected by the unauthorized access. We hide
the data in a manner that the stego image looks like a single entry by any third person. No one has doubt that the image is the
stego image. We use some different methods that keep data to be secret. It is a powerful tool for security with which we can
keep the data secret behind an object. An object may be Text, Audio, Video, and Image. The factor that affects the steganography
methods are PSNR, MSE, Payload Capacity and BER. Security of data will be shown by the Histogram of picture.
post hoc to the implementation of the app; (2) a Unity toolkit that includes five additional tools requiring simple inputs from developers
post hoc to the implementation of the app; (2) a
Unity toolkit that includes five additional tools requiring
simple inputs from developers
In this study, we present how digital steganography can be analyzed in computer forensic. Computer forensics is a scientific study of computers in a manner consistent with the principles of the rules of evidence and court rules of procedure.
Steganography is a state of art that is used for hiding information within different media. In this paper, we will discuss how the criminal can use steganography to hide evidence and tracks, and how the steganalysis for computer forensic can be done. There are different types of steganography, such as image, text, video, and audio steganography, all will be discussed in detail. The paper will focus on how the investigator can detect the steganography in all its forms using several techniques. The main goal of this paper is to assist computer forensics investigators in knowing how the criminals can conduct their crimes and obscure evidence from computer systems using steganography techniques.
International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security,IJCSIS ISSN 1947-5500, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Email: ijcsiseditor@gmail.com
http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
https://google.academia.edu/JournalofComputerScience
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ijcsis-research-publications-8b916516/
http://www.researcherid.com/rid/E-1319-2016
Steganography is the technique of hiding any secret information like password, data andimage behind any cover file. This paper proposes a method which is an audio-video crypto steganography system which is the combination of audio steganography and video steganography using advanced chaotic algorithm as the secure encryption method. The aim is to hide secret information behind image and audio of video file. Since video is the application of many audio and video frames. We can select a particular frame for image hiding and audio for hiding our secret data.4LSB substitution can be used for image steganography and LSB substitution algorithm with location selection for audio steganography. Advanced chaotic algorithm can be used for encryption and decryption of data and images. Suitable parameter of security and authentication such as PSNR value, histograms are obtained at both the receiver side and transmitter sides which are found to be identical at both ends. Reversible data hiding methods for both video and audio are also being mentioned. Hence the security of the data and image can be enhanced. This method can be used in fields such as medical and defence which requires real time processing.
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7. Proposed research topic Steganography Data Protection & Encryption
through Information Security.
we are going to study detail observation of Steganography technology
and Steganalysis, definition of steganography technique, definition of
data and information detection (Steganalysis)
Introduction
20. Main Focus
Main focus of our research Steganography and Steganalysis, as define
in the introduction.
Steganography is scientific technique to hide and protect data and
information from unauthorized user and preforms specific modifications
on the object to protect and hide.
Research is divided into two parts; we can say start and end in starting
portion object or file is going to hide and ending portion the hidden file is
going to reshape into its original form and define as:
21. First Part:
What is Steganography?
How Steganography work?
What is the methodology of Steganography?
How algorithms use to perform Steganography?
During Steganography process which elements are
involve?
Second Part:
What is Steganalysis?
How Steganalysis work?
What is the methodology of Steganalysis?
How algorithms use to perform Steganalysis?
During Steganalysis process which elements are
involve?
22. Images Steganography
Classification of Images Steganography involves the following
Communication Algorithms
Insertion Technique Least Significant Bit (LSB)
Filtering & Masking
23. Communication Algorithms:
Data and information can embedded into undetected cover
There are three common communication techniques
1. Discrete wavelet transformation technique (DWT)
2. Fast Fourier transformation technique (FFT)
3. Discrete cosine transformation technique (DCT)
27. Insertion Technique Least Significant Bit (LSB)
• LSB used for transmission of data.
• digital signal processing images.
• Images are of two type 8 bit and 24 bit.
In 24 bit image 3 bit data embedded.
In 8 bit image 1 bit data embedded.
28. Filtering & Masking
• Many signals are mask and the first signal unmask,
• used in watermarking method.
44. Technical In Steganography and stegnalysis
• Detecting Steganography content on the Internet.
• Survey of Data mining Technique for stengalysis .
• Using Image quality Metrics in stegnalysis
• Using Image-adaption technique
• The investigation of hidden data/ info
50. Experiment & observations
There are number of research paper demonstrated on steganography in
different ways but our research focuses on core issue of our research
image steganography and one technique with LSB.
Data collection for steganography described different assumptions and
parities related to our topic (image steganography). Water marking and
least significant bit calculated that for image steganography these two
techniques are effective and used as common. In water marking if we
add one image with another image the output must be combination of
these images, it’s very simple phenomena and often observed.
52. Example-2
Two images are stored in memory locations one image worked as object
and other is host image.
Host image bits are selected for hide the object image as shown below.
Host image pixels 10110001
Secret image pixels0011111
And the output image pixels 10110011
Experiment & observations
53. Experiment & observations
One issue explored during experiment by comparing images it is difficult
to prevent attacks.
As 16 bit audio signals are
Audio bit Audio in Binary Audio with encode
output
1001 1000 0011 1100 0 1001 1000 0011 1100
1101 1011 0011 1000 1 1101 1011 0011 1001
1011 1100 0011 1101 1 1011 1100 0011 1101
1011 1111 0011 1100 0 1011 1111 0011 1100
1011 1111 0011 1100 0 1011 1010 0111 1110
1111 1000 0011 1100 1 1111 1000 0011 1101
1101 1100 0111 1000 0 1101 1100 0111 1000
1000 1000 0001 1111 1 1000 1000 0001 1111
54. Experiment & observations
In one 8 bit/channel image size is 1000x1400 pixels and compressed by
use Jseg, JPEG image file format used DCT (Discrete cosine transform )
to hide information of image size 8x8 pixel image block into coefficients
of 64 (Discrete cosine transform) and least significant bits of DCT no
longer used inside which the hidden information embedded.
Statistical analysis or test introduced if actual image has changed (alter)
in its original form statistical characteristics accepted.