The document provides information about the Steady State Theory and compares it to the Big Bang Theory. It discusses that the Steady State Theory proposes that the universe has always existed and is essentially the same at any point in time, with new matter constantly being created. In contrast, the Big Bang Theory suggests the universe began from an initial hot, dense state and has been expanding ever since. The document outlines similarities and differences between the two theories, such as their explanations for the cosmic microwave background. It also discusses evidence that emerged in the 1960s that contradicted the Steady State Theory, like observations of more radio sources in the early universe and the discovery of quasars.

1. INTRODUCTION FOR
THE
STEADY STATE THEORY
INTRODUCTION FOR
THE
STEADY STATE THEORY
The Steady State
Theory
Similarities Between The
Big Bang Theory & The
Steady State TheorySTART THE
REPORT
Differences Between The
Big Bang Theory & The Steady
State Theory
Evidences vs The Steady
State Theory
Comparison Between The Big
Bang Theory & The Steady
State Theory

2. The Steady State Theory
 Steady State Theory was first proposed by Sir James Jeans
(1920) and again revised from in by Sir Hermann Bondi and
Thomas Gold (1948).
 It was further developed by Sir Fred Hoyle to deal with
problems that had arisen in connection with the alternative
Big Bang hypothesis.
 The term 'steady state' means a stable condition that does
not change over time.

3.  The average density and arrangement of galaxies — is the same.
 Proposes that new stars are continually created at all time at the
rate needed to replace the stars which have used up their fuel and
have stopped shining.
 In cosmology, a view that the universe is always expanding but
maintaining a constant average density.

4.  A steady-state universe has no beginning or end in time.
 This theory acknowledge that ‘change’ takes place on a smaller
scale.
 Adhering to the perfect cosmological principle, a principle that
asserts that the observable universe is basically the same at any
time as at any place.
Presented as flipside to the Big Bang theory.

5. British scientists who pot forward Steady State Theory on 1948
Sir Hermann Bondi Thomas Gold Sir Fred Hoyle
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6. Comparison Between The Big Bang Theory & The Steady State Theory

7. Similarities Between The Big Bang Theory &
The Steady State Theory
 There are one similarity which is Steady State and Big Bang Theories
predict Cosmic Microwave Background. SS says CMB is redshifted
starlight in an eternally expanding universe (caused by creation
fields), whereas BB says the CMB is the redshifted temperature of
the early universe due to expansion caused by inflation.

8. Differences Between The Big Bang Theory &
The Steady State Theory
 Big bang theory suggests there is a beginning to the universe. The
steady state theory suggests there is no beginning and no end.
 Many observations agree with the big bang theory, but almost none
agrees with the steady state theory.
 Steady state theory suggests the universe is isotropic and
homogeneous in space and time, but the big bang theory suggests a
universe, which is isotropic and homogeneous in space but not in
time.

9.  In the big bang theory, the matter in the universe is conserved, but
in the steady state theory, mass is produced to keep the perfect
cosmological principle.

10. Evidences vs. The Steady State Theory
Evidence against the theory began to emerge during the early
1960's
1. Radio Telescope Observation
 this observation were saying that there were more cosmic radio
sources billion years ago than there are now. This would suggest
that the universe is changing over time which contradicted the
theory.

11. 2. Discovery of Quasars
 the fact that quasars are only found in the early Universe provides
strong evidence that the Universe has change over time.
bright objects but are very small, only found at great distances from
us. Light from them was emitted billions of light years ago.

12. 3. Cosmic Microwave Background
 this is a weak background radiation wich fills the whole space and is
the same in all directions.
 in the steady Steady State Theory it is almost impossible to explain
the origin of this radiation.

13. The End
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