Political parties are groups that organize to acquire political power. They originated in modern form in the 19th century along with electoral systems. Parties contest elections by nominating candidates and seek to win popular support. They also facilitate access to government and welfare schemes for citizens and need to be responsive to people's needs. The document then lists the major national parties in India, including the BJP, Congress, and Communist parties. It notes some challenges facing parties like a lack of internal democracy and growing money and power. It concludes by suggesting reforms like regulating internal affairs, reserving seats for underrepresented groups, and state funding of elections.

1. Political Parties an
institution for the
Democarcy
By Group no. 2
SST
ASSIGNMENT

2. 2
Introduction
3
4
1
5
Functions of
Political Parties
National Parties of
India
State Parties of
India
Challenges to Political
Parties
6
Ways to reform
Political Parties
5

3. Political party is a group of persons organized to acquire and
exercise political power. Political parties originated in their
modern form in Europe and the United States in the 19th
century, along with the electoral and parliamentary systems,
whose development reflects the evolution of parties. The term
party has since come to be applied to all organized groups
seeking political power, whether by democratic elections or by
revolution.
1
Introduction

4. 2
Functions of Political Parties
i. Parties contest elections.They nominate their candidates
who then fight for popular support.
ii. Parties facilitate people, the access to government
machinery and welfare schemes.
iii. Parties needs to be responsive to people’s needs and
demands.

5. 3 National Parties of India
1. All India Trinamool Congress (AITC)
Formed By – Mamta Banerjee
Formed in - 1998
Current Head – Mamta Bannerjee
Symbol – Flower & Grass
2. Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP)
Formed By – Kanshi Ram
Formed in - 1984
Current Head- Mayawati
Symbol - Elephant

6. 3 National Parties of India
3. Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP)
Formed By – Syama Prasad Mukherjee
Formed in - 1980
Current Head – Jagat Prakash Nadda
Symbol – Lotus
4. Communist Party of India (CPI)
Formed By – M.N. Roy
Formed in - 1925
Current Head – D Raja
Symbol – Sickle & Hammer

7. 3 National Parties of India
5. Communist Party of India-Marxist (CPI-M)
Formed By – Jyoti Basu and others
Formed in - 1964
Current Head – Sitaram Yechury
Symbol – Sickle,Hammer & Star
6. Indian National Congress (INC)
Formed By – Allan Octavian Hume
Formed in- 1885
Current Head – Mallikrajun Kharge
Symbol – Palm

8. 3 National Parties of India
6. Nationalists Congress Party (NCP)
Formed By – Sharad Panwar
Formed in - 1999
Current Head – Sharad Panwar
Symbol – Alarm Clock

9. 4 State Parties in India

10. 5
Challenges to Political Parties
Lack of internal democracy within parties.
Dynastic succession is closely related to the first
challenge.
The growing of money and muscle power in parties.
Parties don’t seem to offer a meaningful offer to the
voters.

11. 5
Ways to reform Political Parties
Laws should be made to regulate the internal affairs of
parties.
Registration of each member and proper regulation of
membership.
Reservation of 1/3rd seats in political parties and
decision making bodies.
State funding of elections should be ensured.

12. THANK YOU
Credit By -
Tejasvi Singh,Ashutosh Tomar,Shivanshi Garg,Preeti Lokta,
Ananya Rohilla,Shourya Kanswal
Saksham