19. พื้นที่อนุรักษ์หมายความว่าอย่างไร
มีความสำคัญกับการท่องเที่ยวอย่างไร
“A clearly defined geographical space, recognised, dedicated and
managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the longterm
conservation of nature with associated ecosystem services and cultural
values”
IUCN (2008)
Category Ia: strict nature reserve
Category Ib: wilderness area
Category II: national park
Category III: natural monument or feature
Category IV: habitats/species management area
CategoryV: protected landscape/seascape
CategoryVI: protected area with sustainable use or natural
resources
IUCN (2008)
20. พื้นที่อนุรักษ์หมายความว่าอย่างไร
มีความสำคัญกับการท่องเที่ยวอย่างไร
“A clearly defined geographical space, recognised, dedicated and
managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the longterm
conservation of nature with associated ecosystem services and cultural
values”
IUCN (2008)
Category Ia: strict nature reserve
Category Ib: wilderness area
Category II: national park
Category III: natural monument or feature
Category IV: habitats/species management area
CategoryV: protected landscape/seascape
CategoryVI: protected area with sustainable use or natural
resources
IUCN (2008)
IUCN (2008)
26. พื้นที่อนุรักษ์หมายความว่าอย่างไร
มีความสำคัญกับการท่องเที่ยวอย่างไร
“Protected areas are very attractive settings for the growing demand for
outdoor, appreciative activities in natural environment. Challenges for
protected area managers are to ensure that while visitors have
opportunities to participate in desired activities, they are aware of and
maintain the values.”
Eagles, McCool and Haynes (2002)
38. การจัดการการท่องเที่ยวในพื้นที่อนุรักษ์มี
หลักหรือแนวคิดอย่างไร
Tourism management strategy
Tourism management plan
Step 1: assess the current tourism situation
Step 2: determine the desirable tourism scenario
Step 3: strategic planning to decide on the level and type of tourism desired
Step 4: draft a formal tourism strategy document
•The natural and cultural environment within the protected area should form the basis for all
other uses and values affecting the park and its management.These fundamental assets must
not be put at risk
• Protected area tourism depends on maintaining a high quality environment and cultural
conditions within the area.This is essential to sustaining the economic and quality of life
benefits brought by tourism
• The protected area management organisation exists to protect the values for which the area
was originally established through, among other things: active management of tourism and
tourists; sharing of responsibility for management with tourism operatives, local communities
and visitors; and providing potential economic opportunities for tourism
• Protected area visitors expect to find facilities, programmes, and recreational and learning
opportunities within the park, but not all demands can be met, as some of these expectations
may be inconsistent with park goals and objectives
• Visitors actively seek the best service quality they can afford for the money they have
available.They do not necessarily seek the cheapest opportunities available
• Visitors desire diversity in the recreational opportunities afforded, but not all parks can or
should set out to provide for every demand
• Planning should occur within, and acknowledge, the regional context of a particular protected
area.This means that the types of tourism opportunities afforded in other protected areas
should be inventoried as part of the planning process; and that the planning of tourism within
a protected area should take account of tourism demands and provisions in nearby areas
• Managing expectations is jointly the responsibility of park managers and other tourism
operators
53. การท่องเที่ยวเชิงนิเวศหมายความว่าอย่างไร
มีความสำคัญอย่างไร มีลักษณะอย่างไร
1 All nature-based forms of tourism in which the main motivation of the tourists
is the observation and appreciation of nature as well as the traditional cultures
prevailing in natural areas.
2 It contains educational and interpretation features.
3 It is generally, but not exclusively organised by specialised tour operators for
small groups. Service provider partners at the destinations tend to be small, locally
owned businesses.
4 It minimises negative impacts upon the natural and socio-cultural environment.
5 It supports the maintenance of natural areas which are used as ecotourism
attractions by:
• Generating economic benefits for host communities, organisations and
authorities managing natural areas with conservation purposes;
• Providing alternative employment and income opportunities for local
communities;
• Increasing awareness towards the conservation of natural and cultural
assets, both among locals and tourists.
UNWTO
UN World Tourism Organisation
Source: http://sdt.unwto.org/content/ecotourism-and-protected-areas
55. การท่องเที่ยวเชิงนิเวศหมายความว่าอย่างไร
มีความสำคัญอย่างไร มีลักษณะอย่างไร
“responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains
the well-being of the local people and involves interpretation and education”
Ecotourism is about uniting conservation, communities, and sustainable travel.This
means that those who implement, participate in, and market ecotourism activities should
adopt the following ecotourism principles:
• Minimize physical, social, behavioral, and psychological impacts.
• Build environmental and cultural awareness, and respect.
• Provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts.
• Produce direct financial benefits for conservation.
• Generate financial benefits for both local people and private industry.
• Deliver memorable interpretative experiences to visitors that help raise
sensitivity to host countries' political, environmental, and social climates.
• Design, construct and operate low-impact facilities.
• Recognize the rights and spiritual beliefs of the Indigenous People in your
community and work in partnership with them to create empowerment.
TIES
The International Ecotourism Society
Source: https://www.ecotourism.org/what-is-ecotourism
67. ECOTOURISM OR ECOTERRORISM?
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68. ECOTOURISM OR ECOTERRORISM?
The choice is ours!
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