The document discusses using a STATCOM and battery energy storage system to improve power quality from a grid-connected wind energy system. It proposes a control scheme where the STATCOM injects current to cancel out reactive and harmonic parts of current from the induction generator and nonlinear load. It presents the system topology, operation, bang-bang controller for the STATCOM, and simulation results showing the STATCOM reduces total harmonic distortion of source current from 4.06% to 0.40%, improving power quality. The document concludes that the STATCOM-BESS control system eliminates harmonic load current and maintains unity power factor and in-phase voltages and currents at the source.
This slide is an introductory part of the course Computer Application in Power system. it will describe the basic tasks of a computer and different computer application areas.
Voltage Stability Indices: Taxonomy, Formulation and Calculation algorithmcimran15
The document discusses voltage stability indices (VSIs) that are used to analyze voltage stability and predict voltage collapse in power systems. It provides a taxonomy and classification of common VSIs, including both Jacobian matrix-based and system variable-based indices. The document also presents the mathematical formulation and calculation algorithms for some example VSIs, including the Voltage Collapse Index, Stability Index, and Line Collapse Proximity Index. It describes testing some of these indices on the IEEE 14-bus test system using simulation tools to validate their theoretical behavior.
The document contains electrical parameters and power loss calculations for three different transmission line configurations transmitting 40 MW of power: a 33kV double circuit line, a 66kV line, and a 132kV line. It compares the current, conductor type, resistance, distance, power loss in Watts, and percentage power losses for each configuration using both 261 sqmm and 484 sqmm conductors over a 1 km distance. The percentage power losses are highest for the 33kV line at 0.375% and reduce progressively for the 66kV and 132kV lines.
The document discusses power flow analysis, which determines the voltage, current, real power, and reactive power at points in an electrical network under normal operating conditions. It provides three key points:
1. Power flow analysis is important for planning, operations, and future expansion of power systems by studying the effects of new loads, generators, or transmission lines.
2. The analysis involves classifying buses as slack, generator, or load buses and formulating the network equations based on the bus admittance matrix.
3. Solving the load flow problem involves determining the complex voltages across all buses given the network configuration and bus demands. This provides critical information for monitoring overloads and voltage deviations.
Frequency control in a microgrid including controllable loadIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a method for frequency control in microgrids that includes renewable energy sources, energy storage devices, and controllable loads. The microgrid model analyzed includes solar power, wind power, batteries, supercapacitors, and electric water heaters. The document describes the components of the microgrid, simulation parameters and assumptions. Frequency control is achieved by coordinating the energy storage devices and generators using optimized proportional-integral controllers. Electric water heaters can also help control frequency by adjusting their operating temperature setpoints in response to frequency deviations.
The document provides information about a training on CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machines conducted by the Mechanical Engineering department at GEETANJALI INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL STUDIES. It discusses the basics of CNC, including the classification of CNC machines, basic elements, programming and process. The training covered topics such as designing software, wheel balancing, CNC lathe machine operation, engine assembly and disassembly, welding and soft skills.
The document discusses using a STATCOM and battery energy storage system to improve power quality from a grid-connected wind energy system. It proposes a control scheme where the STATCOM injects current to cancel out reactive and harmonic parts of current from the induction generator and nonlinear load. It presents the system topology, operation, bang-bang controller for the STATCOM, and simulation results showing the STATCOM reduces total harmonic distortion of source current from 4.06% to 0.40%, improving power quality. The document concludes that the STATCOM-BESS control system eliminates harmonic load current and maintains unity power factor and in-phase voltages and currents at the source.
This slide is an introductory part of the course Computer Application in Power system. it will describe the basic tasks of a computer and different computer application areas.
Voltage Stability Indices: Taxonomy, Formulation and Calculation algorithmcimran15
The document discusses voltage stability indices (VSIs) that are used to analyze voltage stability and predict voltage collapse in power systems. It provides a taxonomy and classification of common VSIs, including both Jacobian matrix-based and system variable-based indices. The document also presents the mathematical formulation and calculation algorithms for some example VSIs, including the Voltage Collapse Index, Stability Index, and Line Collapse Proximity Index. It describes testing some of these indices on the IEEE 14-bus test system using simulation tools to validate their theoretical behavior.
The document contains electrical parameters and power loss calculations for three different transmission line configurations transmitting 40 MW of power: a 33kV double circuit line, a 66kV line, and a 132kV line. It compares the current, conductor type, resistance, distance, power loss in Watts, and percentage power losses for each configuration using both 261 sqmm and 484 sqmm conductors over a 1 km distance. The percentage power losses are highest for the 33kV line at 0.375% and reduce progressively for the 66kV and 132kV lines.
The document discusses power flow analysis, which determines the voltage, current, real power, and reactive power at points in an electrical network under normal operating conditions. It provides three key points:
1. Power flow analysis is important for planning, operations, and future expansion of power systems by studying the effects of new loads, generators, or transmission lines.
2. The analysis involves classifying buses as slack, generator, or load buses and formulating the network equations based on the bus admittance matrix.
3. Solving the load flow problem involves determining the complex voltages across all buses given the network configuration and bus demands. This provides critical information for monitoring overloads and voltage deviations.
Frequency control in a microgrid including controllable loadIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a method for frequency control in microgrids that includes renewable energy sources, energy storage devices, and controllable loads. The microgrid model analyzed includes solar power, wind power, batteries, supercapacitors, and electric water heaters. The document describes the components of the microgrid, simulation parameters and assumptions. Frequency control is achieved by coordinating the energy storage devices and generators using optimized proportional-integral controllers. Electric water heaters can also help control frequency by adjusting their operating temperature setpoints in response to frequency deviations.
The document provides information about a training on CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machines conducted by the Mechanical Engineering department at GEETANJALI INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL STUDIES. It discusses the basics of CNC, including the classification of CNC machines, basic elements, programming and process. The training covered topics such as designing software, wheel balancing, CNC lathe machine operation, engine assembly and disassembly, welding and soft skills.
This document provides an introduction and overview of a CAD/CAM course. The objectives are to familiarize students with CAD/CAM terminology, software, and basic tools. Students will learn how to apply CAD concepts to engineering design problems and integrate CAD and CAM systems by using CAD for modeling and converting designs to CAM for manufacturing. The course will cover topics like geometric modeling, solid modeling, numerical control, and computer integrated manufacturing systems. CAD is used in mechanical engineering applications like automotive, aerospace, tool and die making to create 2D and 3D designs for analysis, simulation, and prototyping.
The document discusses various topics related to product design including different forms of design, importance of product design for static and dynamic products, design projects, requirements for a good design, concurrent engineering, and computer-aided techniques. It defines concurrent engineering as a systematic approach involving cross-functional teams to concurrently design products and processes considering the entire lifecycle. The document also outlines the benefits of concurrent engineering such as reduced time to market and costs.
More and more, as utilities face decreasing margin between system load and system capacity, they are in need of innovative smart grid solutions that can help them effectively disperse and store energy and manage load to meet resource requirements. Many are incorporating Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) to help fill the gap while, at the same time, meet requirements for reduced emissions and energy independence; these utilities will require the capability to accurately forecast and control DER contribution to the network, to assure security and grid reliability.
Advanced smart grid software designed to support DER management and optimize grid operations and planning works with a real-time network model, based on an accurate geodatabase and incorporating data from operational systems such as a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system and outage management system (OMS). Along with real-time visualization and monitoring of network status, this Advanced Distribution Management System – ADMS – provides a host of analytical tools that recommend the most optimal device operations, or optionally automate device operations, to maximize network efficiency and reliability. For example, the utility can apply Volt/VAR control to reduce feeder voltage automatically with no effect on the consumer. Detailed load profiling and load forecasting based on integrated weather feeds yield network load forecasting for effective renewables integration. Network simulation helps forecast medium-term and long-term load and supports effective development and planning.
ADMS functionality and tools are demonstrating that utilities can effectively manage demand without building large-scale generation.
This specifications pack outlines the details of a portable power system including a battery pack that weighs 23kg, provides 800Wh of capacity, and charges in 10 hours. It connects to a 16kg docking station and a larger 2000W stack measuring 31 x 52 x 110cm that can provide 3200W of peak power at 74.3% efficiency when charged via a 220V source.
Numerical control (NC) refers to the automation of machine tools through programmed commands encoded in a storage medium. The first NC machines were built in the 1940s-1950s. These early systems were augmented with analog and digital computers, creating modern computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools. A key component of an NC system is the program of instructions, which is a detailed step-by-step set of directions that tells the machine tool what to do. NC has been widely applied to metal cutting industries like milling, drilling, boring, and turning, as well as other industries like cloth cutting and welding.
The document discusses optimal power flow analysis which is power flow analysis with an optimization objective such as minimizing fuel costs or transmission losses. It describes power flow analysis as determining the voltage magnitude and angle for each bus given load and generator conditions. Optimal power flow aims to satisfy nonlinear equality constraints from load flow equations and inequality constraints while optimizing an objective function such as fuel costs. Common solution methods include gradient, Newton-based, and linear programming approaches as well as intelligent methods like artificial neural networks.
Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) incorporates all manufacturing processes including CAD/CAM, business functions, and engineering functions. CIM aims to achieve lower costs, higher quality, and better responsiveness through techniques like group technology, flexible manufacturing systems, and shop floor control using concepts like CONWIP. Group technology groups similar parts into families to improve productivity. Flexible manufacturing systems are reprogrammable systems that can produce different product types automatically using components like machine tools and automated material handling.
This document discusses gas insulated substations (GIS) and their construction for different voltage levels. It describes the components and layout of 3-phase encapsulated and segregated GIS for 72.5-145kV applications. For 245-362kV applications, it outlines the components and layout of single-breaker and double-breaker GIS configurations. The document also mentions further topics for potential presentation work and lists references used.
This is a unique project of machine tools operations. Primarily it's working with Arduino programming. This machine is detected keen measurements in a solid surface, And also maintaining visual performance while its completed the deeds.
In today’s world, the basic requirement of any industry is to produce large quantity and quality products with low production and installation cost having a high surface finish and great dimensional accuracy. So this can be achieved by a machine which is controlled by Computer. They are basically known as CNC machines. This is the prototype of CNC machines.
This document summarizes the design of a constant current reference circuit. It includes a circuit schematic, HSPICE code, and analysis of the current output. The constant current reference uses a start-up circuit, cascode bias circuit, and current reference circuit to output a constant current of 25 microamps. Simulation results show the circuit operates as intended, maintaining the target output current.
This document is the preface to the second edition of the book "Vibration Problems in Engineering" by S. Timoshenko. It discusses revisions and additions made to the book for the second edition. Key points include:
- The first part of the book was entirely re-written and expanded, with examples, problems, and new material added.
- Principal additions include discussions on forced vibration with non-proportional damping, self-excited vibration, the method of successive approximations applied to non-linear systems, systems with variable spring characteristics, and expanded coverage of systems with multiple degrees of freedom.
- The author thanks those who assisted in preparing the revised manuscript, including suggestions from Professor L. S.
Assignment 1 170901 interconnected power systemVara Prasad
Planning and operation of a power system requires studies of load, faults, protection from surges and short circuits, and stability. A disturbance causes changes in system parameters moving it from steady to transient state. Small disturbances can be analyzed linearly while large disturbances require nonlinear analysis. Transient stability means generators remain synchronized after a disturbance and steady state stability means the system returns to the pre-disturbance steady state after a small disturbance. Per unit representations use common base values for analysis and allow easy conversion between different bases.
This document is a seminar report on computer aided process planning submitted by Jashid P.P. to the Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering at KMCT Polytechnic College. It includes an abstract that provides an overview of computer aided process planning and its importance. It also includes chapters that cover topics like process planning, computer aided process planning, group technology, literature on CAPP methodology and applications, benefits of CAPP, and conclusions. The report is certified by the head of the department and includes acknowledgements and contents pages.
impact of renewable energy sources on power system opeartionVipin Pandey
this presentation is brief description of power system operation with renewable energy sources and their effects on various power system operation and how can they be accessible in system.
The presentation discusses smart grid technology, including its attributes, reasons for use, components, users, and how it works. A smart grid uses information technologies to improve how electricity is delivered from power plants to consumers. It allows for two-way interaction between consumers and the grid and integrates new technologies. Key benefits include reduced costs, improved reliability, efficiency and capacity, enabling predictive maintenance and automated operations. Security and privacy are main concerns due to two-way communication and potential for hacking of automated meters. The future of smart grid is uncertain but may become widely used over the long run.
The document discusses smart grids as a modernization of existing power systems. It describes smart grids as using information technology and communication networks to create a more decentralized, efficient and renewable-based electric grid. Some key benefits of smart grids include improved energy efficiency, higher power reliability, lower costs for consumers, and better integration of renewable energy sources. However, smart grids also face challenges such as high installation costs and potential cybersecurity and privacy issues. The document provides an overview of smart grid components and technologies as well as examples of smart grid pilot projects being implemented in India.
The document discusses computer aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM). It begins by introducing CAD as using computers to assist in design processes like defining geometry, analysis, and optimization. CAM uses computers to plan, manage, and control manufacturing operations. The benefits of CAD/CAM over manual drafting include increased accuracy, easier modification, storage, and sharing of designs. CAD systems require hardware like workstations, computers, and output devices. Graphics software is used for modeling, drafting, analysis and optimization. Computers have influenced manufacturing by allowing for computer monitoring and control of processes as well as manufacturing support applications.
Smart Metering & Smart Grids Strategy for the Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaPower System Operation
The Electricity & Co-generation Regulatory Authority (“ECRA”) of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) was established in 2002 as an administratively and financially independent Regulator. ECRA’s primary goal is to ensure the provision of high quality and reliable electricity and desalinated water services at fair prices to customers.
In view of its responsibilities, ECRA is committed to consider new technologies, innovations and related developments in the Electricity Industry which may have sound, viable and sustainable potential impact to bring efficiency savings and enhanced services for customers in the Kingdom. The advent of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), Smart Meters, Information & Communication Technologies (ICT) and other emerging techniques bring the prospect of setting-up the “Smart Grid” (SG) concept. Thus, a dramatic contribution could be made to energy efficiency and generation capacity savings and whilst bringing new service enhancements to all customers in the Kingdom.
In this framework, CESI and A.T. Kearney have been selected to assist ECRA in the development of a strategic plan for Smart Meters and Smart Grids that can deliver the above aims along a well-defined and phased roadmap for implementation.
The primary objectives of the Study, as defined in the project Terms of Reference, are as follows:
Identifying Saudi Arabia’s current and future challenges which a Smart Meter / Smart Grid (SM / SG) strategy can help overcome.
Reviewing available smart metering technologies that are best suited for the Saudi Electricity Industry and its customers;
Assisting ECRA and representatives of the major Stakeholders of the Electricity Industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) in determining and finalizing the salient functional requirements of proposed Smart Meters to be deployed,
Developing a high level Smart Grid deployment strategy for Saudi Arabia, and
Advising on and help preparing the most efficient implementation, gradual and timely rolling-out of Smart Meters.
國際能源總署(IEA)每年定期公布「潔淨能源技術發展進程追蹤報告」(Tracking Clean Energy Progress, TCEP),過往主要是探討各技術是否符合IEA永續發展情境(Sustainable Development Scenario, SDS)所需趨勢;今年(2022年)則因應全球淨零排放,係針對55項對潔淨能源轉型至關重要的技術探討是否符合IEA 2050淨零路徑規劃軌跡(Net Zero Emission Scenario, NZE) ,並就如何“走上正軌”提供建議。該報告針對各項能源技術,分別提出全球淨零能源技術發展之最新趨勢、發展進程與挑戰、各國相關政策彙整、以及給政策制定者之建議。本報告分享工研院TIMES團隊整理之摘要分析,瞭解國際淨零評估下全球能源發展趨勢。
This document provides an introduction and overview of a CAD/CAM course. The objectives are to familiarize students with CAD/CAM terminology, software, and basic tools. Students will learn how to apply CAD concepts to engineering design problems and integrate CAD and CAM systems by using CAD for modeling and converting designs to CAM for manufacturing. The course will cover topics like geometric modeling, solid modeling, numerical control, and computer integrated manufacturing systems. CAD is used in mechanical engineering applications like automotive, aerospace, tool and die making to create 2D and 3D designs for analysis, simulation, and prototyping.
The document discusses various topics related to product design including different forms of design, importance of product design for static and dynamic products, design projects, requirements for a good design, concurrent engineering, and computer-aided techniques. It defines concurrent engineering as a systematic approach involving cross-functional teams to concurrently design products and processes considering the entire lifecycle. The document also outlines the benefits of concurrent engineering such as reduced time to market and costs.
More and more, as utilities face decreasing margin between system load and system capacity, they are in need of innovative smart grid solutions that can help them effectively disperse and store energy and manage load to meet resource requirements. Many are incorporating Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) to help fill the gap while, at the same time, meet requirements for reduced emissions and energy independence; these utilities will require the capability to accurately forecast and control DER contribution to the network, to assure security and grid reliability.
Advanced smart grid software designed to support DER management and optimize grid operations and planning works with a real-time network model, based on an accurate geodatabase and incorporating data from operational systems such as a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system and outage management system (OMS). Along with real-time visualization and monitoring of network status, this Advanced Distribution Management System – ADMS – provides a host of analytical tools that recommend the most optimal device operations, or optionally automate device operations, to maximize network efficiency and reliability. For example, the utility can apply Volt/VAR control to reduce feeder voltage automatically with no effect on the consumer. Detailed load profiling and load forecasting based on integrated weather feeds yield network load forecasting for effective renewables integration. Network simulation helps forecast medium-term and long-term load and supports effective development and planning.
ADMS functionality and tools are demonstrating that utilities can effectively manage demand without building large-scale generation.
This specifications pack outlines the details of a portable power system including a battery pack that weighs 23kg, provides 800Wh of capacity, and charges in 10 hours. It connects to a 16kg docking station and a larger 2000W stack measuring 31 x 52 x 110cm that can provide 3200W of peak power at 74.3% efficiency when charged via a 220V source.
Numerical control (NC) refers to the automation of machine tools through programmed commands encoded in a storage medium. The first NC machines were built in the 1940s-1950s. These early systems were augmented with analog and digital computers, creating modern computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools. A key component of an NC system is the program of instructions, which is a detailed step-by-step set of directions that tells the machine tool what to do. NC has been widely applied to metal cutting industries like milling, drilling, boring, and turning, as well as other industries like cloth cutting and welding.
The document discusses optimal power flow analysis which is power flow analysis with an optimization objective such as minimizing fuel costs or transmission losses. It describes power flow analysis as determining the voltage magnitude and angle for each bus given load and generator conditions. Optimal power flow aims to satisfy nonlinear equality constraints from load flow equations and inequality constraints while optimizing an objective function such as fuel costs. Common solution methods include gradient, Newton-based, and linear programming approaches as well as intelligent methods like artificial neural networks.
Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) incorporates all manufacturing processes including CAD/CAM, business functions, and engineering functions. CIM aims to achieve lower costs, higher quality, and better responsiveness through techniques like group technology, flexible manufacturing systems, and shop floor control using concepts like CONWIP. Group technology groups similar parts into families to improve productivity. Flexible manufacturing systems are reprogrammable systems that can produce different product types automatically using components like machine tools and automated material handling.
This document discusses gas insulated substations (GIS) and their construction for different voltage levels. It describes the components and layout of 3-phase encapsulated and segregated GIS for 72.5-145kV applications. For 245-362kV applications, it outlines the components and layout of single-breaker and double-breaker GIS configurations. The document also mentions further topics for potential presentation work and lists references used.
This is a unique project of machine tools operations. Primarily it's working with Arduino programming. This machine is detected keen measurements in a solid surface, And also maintaining visual performance while its completed the deeds.
In today’s world, the basic requirement of any industry is to produce large quantity and quality products with low production and installation cost having a high surface finish and great dimensional accuracy. So this can be achieved by a machine which is controlled by Computer. They are basically known as CNC machines. This is the prototype of CNC machines.
This document summarizes the design of a constant current reference circuit. It includes a circuit schematic, HSPICE code, and analysis of the current output. The constant current reference uses a start-up circuit, cascode bias circuit, and current reference circuit to output a constant current of 25 microamps. Simulation results show the circuit operates as intended, maintaining the target output current.
This document is the preface to the second edition of the book "Vibration Problems in Engineering" by S. Timoshenko. It discusses revisions and additions made to the book for the second edition. Key points include:
- The first part of the book was entirely re-written and expanded, with examples, problems, and new material added.
- Principal additions include discussions on forced vibration with non-proportional damping, self-excited vibration, the method of successive approximations applied to non-linear systems, systems with variable spring characteristics, and expanded coverage of systems with multiple degrees of freedom.
- The author thanks those who assisted in preparing the revised manuscript, including suggestions from Professor L. S.
Assignment 1 170901 interconnected power systemVara Prasad
Planning and operation of a power system requires studies of load, faults, protection from surges and short circuits, and stability. A disturbance causes changes in system parameters moving it from steady to transient state. Small disturbances can be analyzed linearly while large disturbances require nonlinear analysis. Transient stability means generators remain synchronized after a disturbance and steady state stability means the system returns to the pre-disturbance steady state after a small disturbance. Per unit representations use common base values for analysis and allow easy conversion between different bases.
This document is a seminar report on computer aided process planning submitted by Jashid P.P. to the Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering at KMCT Polytechnic College. It includes an abstract that provides an overview of computer aided process planning and its importance. It also includes chapters that cover topics like process planning, computer aided process planning, group technology, literature on CAPP methodology and applications, benefits of CAPP, and conclusions. The report is certified by the head of the department and includes acknowledgements and contents pages.
impact of renewable energy sources on power system opeartionVipin Pandey
this presentation is brief description of power system operation with renewable energy sources and their effects on various power system operation and how can they be accessible in system.
The presentation discusses smart grid technology, including its attributes, reasons for use, components, users, and how it works. A smart grid uses information technologies to improve how electricity is delivered from power plants to consumers. It allows for two-way interaction between consumers and the grid and integrates new technologies. Key benefits include reduced costs, improved reliability, efficiency and capacity, enabling predictive maintenance and automated operations. Security and privacy are main concerns due to two-way communication and potential for hacking of automated meters. The future of smart grid is uncertain but may become widely used over the long run.
The document discusses smart grids as a modernization of existing power systems. It describes smart grids as using information technology and communication networks to create a more decentralized, efficient and renewable-based electric grid. Some key benefits of smart grids include improved energy efficiency, higher power reliability, lower costs for consumers, and better integration of renewable energy sources. However, smart grids also face challenges such as high installation costs and potential cybersecurity and privacy issues. The document provides an overview of smart grid components and technologies as well as examples of smart grid pilot projects being implemented in India.
The document discusses computer aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM). It begins by introducing CAD as using computers to assist in design processes like defining geometry, analysis, and optimization. CAM uses computers to plan, manage, and control manufacturing operations. The benefits of CAD/CAM over manual drafting include increased accuracy, easier modification, storage, and sharing of designs. CAD systems require hardware like workstations, computers, and output devices. Graphics software is used for modeling, drafting, analysis and optimization. Computers have influenced manufacturing by allowing for computer monitoring and control of processes as well as manufacturing support applications.
Smart Metering & Smart Grids Strategy for the Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaPower System Operation
The Electricity & Co-generation Regulatory Authority (“ECRA”) of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) was established in 2002 as an administratively and financially independent Regulator. ECRA’s primary goal is to ensure the provision of high quality and reliable electricity and desalinated water services at fair prices to customers.
In view of its responsibilities, ECRA is committed to consider new technologies, innovations and related developments in the Electricity Industry which may have sound, viable and sustainable potential impact to bring efficiency savings and enhanced services for customers in the Kingdom. The advent of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), Smart Meters, Information & Communication Technologies (ICT) and other emerging techniques bring the prospect of setting-up the “Smart Grid” (SG) concept. Thus, a dramatic contribution could be made to energy efficiency and generation capacity savings and whilst bringing new service enhancements to all customers in the Kingdom.
In this framework, CESI and A.T. Kearney have been selected to assist ECRA in the development of a strategic plan for Smart Meters and Smart Grids that can deliver the above aims along a well-defined and phased roadmap for implementation.
The primary objectives of the Study, as defined in the project Terms of Reference, are as follows:
Identifying Saudi Arabia’s current and future challenges which a Smart Meter / Smart Grid (SM / SG) strategy can help overcome.
Reviewing available smart metering technologies that are best suited for the Saudi Electricity Industry and its customers;
Assisting ECRA and representatives of the major Stakeholders of the Electricity Industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) in determining and finalizing the salient functional requirements of proposed Smart Meters to be deployed,
Developing a high level Smart Grid deployment strategy for Saudi Arabia, and
Advising on and help preparing the most efficient implementation, gradual and timely rolling-out of Smart Meters.
國際能源總署(IEA)每年定期公布「潔淨能源技術發展進程追蹤報告」(Tracking Clean Energy Progress, TCEP),過往主要是探討各技術是否符合IEA永續發展情境(Sustainable Development Scenario, SDS)所需趨勢;今年(2022年)則因應全球淨零排放,係針對55項對潔淨能源轉型至關重要的技術探討是否符合IEA 2050淨零路徑規劃軌跡(Net Zero Emission Scenario, NZE) ,並就如何“走上正軌”提供建議。該報告針對各項能源技術,分別提出全球淨零能源技術發展之最新趨勢、發展進程與挑戰、各國相關政策彙整、以及給政策制定者之建議。本報告分享工研院TIMES團隊整理之摘要分析,瞭解國際淨零評估下全球能源發展趨勢。