1. The document discusses two-dimensional arrays (matrices) in C++. It provides examples of declaring and initializing 2D arrays, reading/writing elements, and performing operations like calculating sums and products of rows and columns. 2. Examples are given of programs to read and print 3x3 matrices, calculate sums/products of rows and columns, and determine properties of matrices like identity, trace, symmetry. 3. Various matrix operations are demonstrated like setting the diagonal or lower triangular to zero, and checking for symmetry. The document serves as a tutorial on working with 2D arrays to represent matrices in C++.

1. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
Type array [size1][size2];
Row A[ i ][ j ]
Column
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <cstring.h>
1. int
2. float
3. string
4. char
Int const size1=?,size2=?;
1 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD

2. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
x x
x x
Int array[size1][size2];
int i,j; i,j,n,k,l,m,
main()
{
cin, cout,if,
for(i=0;i<size1;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<size2;j++)
{
_____
_____
}}
size1 i
size1
size2 j
size2
n=2 A2x2 cin>>
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cin>>a[i][j];
}}
: 4 2x2 2
Cin>>a[i][j];
1234
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3. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
a[j=0] a[i=0]
a[i=0][j=0]
j i
<<” “ <<endl cin>>
cin>>a[i][j]<<endl<<” “;
cin>>a[i][j];
}}
cout<<endl<<” “;
cout<<
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<” “;
}
cout<<endl;
}
1 2
3 4
i
j
getch();
}
3 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD

4. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
//write C++ program to read and print the matrix A3x3 .
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
Header
123456789
int const n=3;
int a[n][n]; Declaration
int I,j; 1 2 3
for(i=0;i<n;i++) 4 5 6
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++) 7 8 9
{ INPUT
cin>>a[i][j];
}}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cout <<a[i][j]<<” “; OUTPUT
}
cout<<endl;
}
getch();
} END
4 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD

5. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
1- Write C++ program to read and print out the Matrix A3x3 .then print sum of all rows.
#include <iostream.h>
123456789
#include <conio.h>
int const n=3;
int a[n][n];
int sum[n]; 1 2 3
int i,j;
4 5 6
main()
{ 7 8 9
for(i=0;i<n;i++) Sum of row (1) = 6
{
Sum of row (2) = 15
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{ Sum of row (3) = 24
cin>>a[i][j];
}}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
}
cout<<endl;
}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
sum[i]=0;
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
sum[i]=sum[i]+a[i][j];
}
cout<<"Sum of row ("<<(i+1)<<")="<<sum[i]<<endl;
}
getch();
}
5 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD

6. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
2-Write C++ program to read and print out the Matrix A3x3 .then print sum of all columns.
#include <iostream.h>
123456789
#include <conio.h>
int const n=3;
int a[n][n];
int sum[n]; 1 2 3
int i,j;
main() 4 5 6
{
7 8 9
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
Sum of column (1) = 12
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
Sum of column (2) = 15
{
cin>>a[i][j]; Sum of column (3) = 18
}}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
}
cout<<endl;
}
cout<<endl;
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
sum[j]=0;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
sum[j]=sum[j]+a[i][j];
}
cout<<"Sum of column ("<<(j+1)<<")="<<sum[j]<<endl;
}
getch();
}
6 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD

7. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
3-write a program to read and printout Matrix Anxm, then find the sum of each row
in A and Multiplication of each column in A.
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
int const n=3,m=2;
int a[n][m];
int i,j,sum[n],mult[m];
main()
{
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
cin>>a[i][j];
}}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"A1"<<"t"<<"A2"<<endl;
cout<<"___________"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<"t";
}
cout<<endl;
}
cout<<"____________"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{ sum[i]=0;
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
sum[i]=sum[i]+a[i][j];
}
cout<<"Sum of row ["<<(i+1)<<"]="<<sum[i]<<endl;
}
cout<<"_________________n"<<endl;
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{ mult[j]=1;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
mult[j]=mult[j]*a[i][j];
}
cout<<"Mult of col ["<<(j+1)<<"]="<<mult[j]<<endl;
}
getch(); 7 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD
}

8. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
4- Write program to create an array A2x2. first row are EVEN and second row are ODD.
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h> 1 2 3 4
int const n=2;
int a[n][n]; __ __
int i,j;
main() 1 2
{
for(i=0;i<n;i++) 3 4
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++) ___________
{
cin>>a[i][j];
__ __
}}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"__"<<"t"<<"__"<<endl;
2 4
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
1 3
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<"t";
}
cout<<endl;
}
cout<<"n__________________n";
cout<<"__"<<"t"<<"__"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
if(a[i][j]%2==0)
cout<<a[i][j]<<"t";
}}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
if(a[i][j]%2==1)
cout<<a[i][j]<<"t";
}}
getch();
}
8 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD

9. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
5-Write C++ program to read and print out the Matrix A3x3 when Diagonal equal to Zero.
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
int const n=3;
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
int a[n][n];
int i,j; 0 2 3
main()
{
for(i=0;i<n;i++) 4 0 6
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++) 7 8 0
{
cin>>a[i][j];
}}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
if(i==j)
a[i][j]=0;
}}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
}
cout<<"nn";
}
getch();
}
9 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD

10. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
6-Write C++ program to read and print out the Matrix A3x3 .then print sum of lower triangular.
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
int const n=3;
int a[n][n]; 1 2 3
int i,j,l;
main() 4 5 6
{ 7 8 9
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{ Sum of Lower Triangular=11
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cin>>a[i][j];
}}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
}
cout<<"nn";
}
l=0;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
if(i<j)
l=l+a[i][j];
}
}
cout<<"Sum of Lower Triangular="<<l;
getch();
}
10 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD

11. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
7- Write C++ program to read and print out the Matrix A3x3 .then print sum of Upper triangular.
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
int const n=3;
int a[n][n]; 1 2 3
int i,j,u;
main() 4 5 6
{ 7 8 9
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{ Sum of Upper Triangular=19
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cin>>a[i][j];
}}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
}
cout<<"nn";
}
u=0;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
if(i>j)
u=u+a[i][j];
}
}
cout<<"Sum of Upper Triangular="<<l;
getch();
}
11 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD

12. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
8- Write C++ program read and print the matrix A3x3, and find the Identity of the matrix.
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h> 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
int const n=3;
int a[n][n];
int i,j,k; 1 2 3
main() 4 5 6
{
7 8 9
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{ The identity of the Matrix
for(j=0;j<n;j++) ______________________
{
1 0 0
cin>>a[i][j];
}} 0 1 0
cout<<endl; 0 0 1
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
}cout<<endl;}
cout<<"nThe Identity of the Matrixn"<<"_____________________n";
k=0;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{if(i==j)
a[i][j]=1;
else
a[i][j]=0;
}
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
}cout<<"n";
}
getch();
}
12 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD

13. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
9- Write C++ program read and print the matrix A3x3, and find the Trace of the matrix.
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h> 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
int const n=3;
int a[n][n];
int i,j,k; 1 2 3
main() 4 5 6
{
7 8 9
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{ The Trace of the Matrix=15
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cin>>a[i][j];
}}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
}
cout<<endl;
}
cout<<endl;
k=0;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
if(i==j)
{
k=k+a[i][j];
}
}}
cout<<"nThe Trace of the Matrix="<<k;
getch();
}
13 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD

14. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
10- Write C++ program read and print the matrix A3x3, and make the lower triangular=0.
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h> 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
int const n=3;
int a[n][n];
1 2 3
int i,j;
main() 4 5 6
{ 7 8 9
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++) 1 0 0
{ 4 5 0
cin>>a[i][j];
7 8 9
}}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
}cout<<endl;}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{if(i<j)
a[i][j]=0;
cout<<a[i][j]<<” “;
}
cout<<endl;
}
getch();
}
14 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD

15. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
11- Write C++ program read and print the matrix A3x3, then check whether is symmetric or
not.
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h> 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
int const n=3;
int a[n][n];
int i,j,k; 1 2 3
main() 4 5 6
{
7 8 9
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{ The Matrix is not symmetric
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cin>>a[i][j];
}}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
1 2 3 2 5 6 3 6 9
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
}cout<<endl;} 1 2 3
cout<<endl;
2 5 6
k=0;
for(i=0;i<n;i++) 3 6 9
{ The Matrix is symmetric
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{if(a[i][j]==a[i][j])
k=k+1;
}}
if(k==n*n)
cout<<”The Matrix is symmetric”;
else
cout<<”The Matrix is not symmetric”;
getch();
}
15 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD

16. May 13, 2012 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS (MATRIX)
12- Write C++ program read and print the matrix A3x3, and make the Upper triangular=0.
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
int const n=3;
int a[n][n]; 1 2 3
int i,j;
main()
4 5 6
{ 7 8 9
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
1 2 3
{ 0 5 6
cin>>a[i][j]; 0 0 9
}}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
}cout<<endl;}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{if(i>j)
a[i][j]=0;
cout<<a[i][j]<<” “;
}
cout<<endl;
}
getch();
}
16 Programming C++ ©by ARAM-CSD