A look at the main security risks and impact related to IOT devices as well as what are the key steps to improve IOT security.

1. IOT SECURITY
VERSION: 1.2a
DATE: 24/10/2018
AUTHOR: SYLVAIN MARTINEZ
REFERENCE: ESC13-MUSCL
CLASSIFICATION: Public

2. 2
• IOT definition;
• IOT trends,
• IOT innovation and
integration;
• Cyber security risks
• IOT contribution to
cyber security risk;
• Main risk overview;
• Security as an
afterthought;
• Embedded
vulnerabilities;
• Embedded backdoors;
• Unsupported devices;
• Unpatchable devices;
• Main impacts
overview;
• IOT used as a bot;
• IOT used to access
network;
• IOT used to
spy/attack you;
• IOT physical impact;
• IOT Self destruct
button;
• IOT security overview;
• Traffic analysis;
• Code analysis;
• Firmware analysis;
• Online search;
• Follow best practise;
CONTENTS
PUBLIC
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
• Future of IOT

3. IOT DEFINITION
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
3PUBLIC
THE INTERNET OF THINGS
ANY PHYSICAL OBJECT THAT CAN BE
CONNECTED TO THE INTERNET
Icons from the Noun Project unless specified otherwise

4. IOT TRENDS
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
4PUBLIC Source: information is beautiful

5. IOT INOVATION AND INTEGRATION
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
5PUBLIC Idea: information is beautiful

6. CYBER SECURITY RISK
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
6PUBLIC
GLOBALIZATION & DIGITALIZATION
ITSYSTEMRELIANCE
ATTACK
SURFACE
PAST FUTURE
100%
0%
TIME
GROWTH
MONEY & GEOPOLITICAL GAIN
THREATACTORSSKILLS
ATTACK
VECTORS
PAST FUTURE
100%
0%
TIME
GROWTH
ATTACK SURFACE
ATTACKVECTORS
CYBER
SECURITY
RISKS
PAST FUTURE
100%
0%
TIME
GROWTH
CYBER SECURITY RISKS’ PROBABILITY AND IMPACT ARE INCREASING.
THEIR ABILITY TO DISRUPT COMPANIES BUSINESS OPERATION HAVE GROWING
FINANCIAL, REPUTATIONAL AND LEGAL NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES
SOURCE: ELYSIUMSECURITY LTD – Please refer to us when re-using this diagram
+ =

7. IOT CONTRIBUTION TO CYBER SECURITY RISK
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
7PUBLIC
GLOBALIZATION & DIGITALIZATION
ITSYSTEMRELIANCE
ATTACK
SURFACE
PAST FUTURE
100%
0%
TIME
GROWTH
SOURCE: ELYSIUMSECURITY LTD

8. MAIN RISKS OVERVIEW
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
8PUBLIC
SECURITY IS AN AFTERTHOUGH
EMBEDDED VULNERABILITIES
EMBEDDED BACKDOORS
UNSUPPORTED DEVICES
UNPATCHABLE DEVICES

9. SECURITY IS AN AFTERTHOUGHT
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
9PUBLIC
LOW
COST
LOW
RESOURCES
3RD PARTY RELIANCE
&
LOW PERFORMANCE
+
ADDED
SECURITY
=
PERFORMANCE IMPACT
&
HIGHER COST

10. EMBEDDED VULNERABILITIES
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
10PUBLIC
OLD LIBRARIES
& COMPONENTS
BAD CONFIGURATION OPEN PORTS

11. EMBEDDED BACKDOORS
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
11PUBLIC
P A S S W O R D 1 2 3
DEFAULT PASSWORDS DEBUG FUNCTIONS ”VENDOR” ACCESS

12. UNSUPPORTED DEVICES
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
12PUBLIC
SHORT LIFESPAN VENDOR
CLOSED
DIFFICULT
TO UPDATE
NO SUPPORT HELP

13. UNPATCHABLE DEVICES
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
13PUBLIC
ROM BASED
VULNERABILITY
OUT OF REACH PHYSICAL DANGER

14. MAIN IMPACTS OVERVIEW
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
14PUBLIC
USED AS A BOT/DOS
USED AS AN ENTRY TO YOUR NETWORK
USED TO SPY/ATTACK YOU
PHYSICAL IMPACT
PRODUCT DESTRUCTION

15. IOT USED AS A BOT
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
15PUBLIC
MIRAI, GAFGYT, AIDRA
MIRAI
• TELNET OPEN
• 61 DEFAULT PASSWORDS
• 1TBPS
• ROUTERS, IP CAMERAS, ETC.
ANIMATED MIRAI GIF FROM WIKIMEDIA

16. IOT USED TO ACCESS NETWORK
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
16PUBLIC
1
2
3
4
5
• IOT DEVICE INITIATES THE CONNECTION
• IOT CALLS “HOME”
• IOT BYPASSES FIREWALL PROTECTION
6
VENDOR IOT PROXY

17. IOT USED TO SPY/ATTACK YOU
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
17PUBLIC

18. IOT PHYSICAL IMPACT
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
18PUBLIC

19. IOT SELF DESTRUCT BUTTON
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
19PUBLIC
MIKROTIK ROUTER
RUSSIAN GOOD SAMARITAN PATCH
NOKIA HEALTH
SCALE REFUNDED AND DISABLED

20. IOT SECURITY OVERVIEW
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
20PUBLIC
TRAFFIC ANALYSIS
CODE ANALYSIS
FIRMWARE ANALYSIS
ONLINE SEARCH / SHODAN
SECURITY DESIGN BEST PRACTISE

21. TRAFFIC ANALYSIS
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
21PUBLIC
• INTERCEPT TRAFFIC
• LOOK AT PASSWORDS SENT
• LOOK AT ENCRYPTION
• LOOK AT TOKENS
USER VENDOR

22. CODE ANALYSIS
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
22PUBLIC
• CONNECT TO THE DEVICE
• INSPECT SOFTWARE INSTALLED
• LOOK AT SCRIPTS
• STRINGS IN BINARY
USER VENDOR
• NO DEFAULT PASSWORD
• NO BACKDOOR FOR SUPPORT
• CODE ANALYSIS TOOLS
• THREAT ANALYSIS TOOLS

23. FIRMWARE ANALYSIS
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
23PUBLIC
• EXTRACT FIRMWARE
• DISASSEMBLE FIRMWARE
• REVIEW MAIN FUNCTIONS
USER VENDOR
• FIRMWARE ORIGIN?
• ANALYSE SOURCE CODE
• PENTEST RESULTS REVIEW

24. ONLINE SEARCH
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
24PUBLIC
• GOOGLE SEARCH VENDOR
• SHODAN SEARCH DEVICE AND IP
• IS YOUR IP VULNERABLE?
USER VENDOR
• SHODAN SEARCH DEVICE
• WHITE PAPER REVIEW
• THREAT INTELLIGENCE

25. FOLLOW BEST PRACTISE
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
25PUBLIC
VENDOR
UK CODE OF PRACTICE FOR CONSUMER IOT SECURITY
1. NO DEFAULT PASSWORDS
2. IMPLEMENT A VULNERABILITY DISCLOSURE POLICY
3. KEEP SOFTWARE UPDATED
4. SECURELY STORE CREDENTIALS AND SECURITY-SENSITIVE DATA
5. COMMUNICATE SECURELY
6. MINIMISE EXPOSED ATTACK SURFACES
7. ENSURE SOFTWARE INTEGRITY
8. ENSURE THAT PERSONAL DATA IS PROTECTED
9. MAKE SYSTEMS RESILIENT TO OUTAGES
10. MONITOR SYSTEM TELEMETRY DATA
11. MAKE IT EASY FOR CONSUMERS TO DELETE PERSONAL DATA
12. MAKE INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE OF DEVICES EASY
13. VALIDATE INPUT DATA
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/secure-by-design

26. FUTURE OF IOT
FUTURESECURITYIMPACTRISKCONTEXT
26PUBLIC
IOT FRAMEWORK
IOT REGULATION
IOT BREACH FINES
IOT INTEGRATION
IOT FUSION

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All Rights Reserved
www.elysiumsecurity.com
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