Spot A shows an entomophilous flower pollinated by insects. Spot B shows a blastula, a spherical mass of cells with an inner cell mass and central blastocoel. Spot C shows the section of an ovary consisting of an outer cortex containing ovarian follicles in various stages of development within the inner medulla.

1. SPOTTING
BIOLOGY PRACTICALS
CLASS 12
By Archana Upmanyu PGT Biology

2. • IDENTIFY AND COMMENT ON THE
SPOTS……….

3. SPOT A

4. Spot A-Entomophilous flower
• Brightly coloured.
• Nice fragrance.
• Nectar present in flowers.
• Pollen grain are sticky.
• Pollinated by insects.

5. Spot B

6. Spot B- Blastula
• It is a spherical mass of cells.
• It is composed of an outer envelope of cells,
the trophoblast and an inner cell mass.
• There is a central fluid filled cavity called
blastocoel.

7. Spot C

8. Spot C-Section of Ovary
• Ovary consists of outer cortex and inner
medulla.
• The medulla contains many rounded or oval
bodies called ovarian or graafian follicles at
various stages of development.
• Medulla also contains blood vessels,nerve
fibres and some smooth muscles

9. SPOT D

10. Spot D- T.S Testes
• Seminiferous tubules can be seen.
• Various types of germinal cells are present –
spermatogonia, spermatocytes etc

11. Spot E

12. Spot E- Anaemophilous Flower
• Small inconspicuous flowers.
• Flowers colourless ,odourless and nectar less.
• Pollen grains produced in large numbers.
• Pollinated by wind.
• Both the stigma and anthers hang outside the
flowers.

13. SPOT F

14. SPOT F- Metaphase 1
• The homologous chromosomes arrange
themselves at the equator of the spindle.
• The spindle gets attached to the centromere
of the chromosome.

15. SPOT- G

16. SPOT G-ORNITHOPHILOUS FLOWER
• Pollinated by birds.
• Funnel shaped flowers.
• Brightly coloured.
• Odourless.
• Produce a lot of nectar.

17. SPOT- H

18. SPOT H – Entamoeba histolytica
• It is a protozoan parasite seen in the large
intestine of humans.
• Causes Amoebiasis.
• Symptoms include constipation, abdominal
pain, stools with excess mucous blood clots.

19. SPOT- I

20. SPOT I- Round Worm/Ascaris
• Causes a disease called Ascariasis .
• It is pathogenic to humans.
• It is an intestinal parasite.
• Symptoms of this disease include internal
bleeding, muscular pain,fever, anaemia and
blockage of the intestinal passage.

21. SPOT J

22. SPOT J- Cactus
• It is a zerophytic plant, found in deserts.
• Leaves changed into spines.
• Stem is fleshy, stores water and performs
photosynthesis.

23. SPOT- K

24. SPOT K-Pedigree Chart
• A record of inheritance of certain genetic
traits for two or more generations presented
in the form of a diagram or family tree.
• Circle stands for female, square for male and
shaded square for affected male.
• It shows the inheritance of colour blindness,a
sex linked recessive disorder of humans.

25. SPOT- L

26. Spot L- Rolling of tongue
• Is the ability of a person to roll the tongue in a
U shape.
• The inability to roll the tongue is caused by an
autosomal recessive allele “a”.
• Thus, homozygous AA and heterozygous Aa
are able to roll their tongue but homozygous
recessive aa are not able to roll their tongue.

27. Spot- M

28. SPOT M-Widow peak
• Widow peak is a “V” shaped hairline across
the forehead.
• It is a dominant trait.
• Thus , both homozygous AA and heterozygous
Aa will have widow peak and homozygous
recessive aa will have straight hairline.

29. SPOT-N

30. SPOT N- Vallisneria
• A submerged aquatic plant.
• Stems are reduced.
• The leaves are large and ribbon shaped and do
not provide any resistance to the flow of
water.
• The whole plant is covered with mucilage.
• Pollination by water.

31. SPOT - O

32. SPOT O-KANGAROO RAT
• It lives in the desert.
• Conserves water by giving out concentrated
/solid urine.
• It oxidises fats to produce water.

33. SPOT P

34. SPOT P- FISH
• Aquatic animal.
• Streamlined body.
• Fins help in swimming.
• Breathes through gills.