Speed is Essential for a Great Web Experience (Canvas Conf Version)
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Speed is essential for a good user experience on the web. Research has shown that page load times over 1 second can negatively impact user behavior like concentration and abandonment rates. Factors that affect page load times include front-end code, images, third-party scripts, redirects, and HTTP requests. Key ways to improve performance include optimizing front-end code, compressing images, loading scripts asynchronously, minimizing redirects, caching resources, and measuring real user performance. The goal is to provide users with fast response times across all devices.
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Speed is Essential for a Great Web Experience (Canvas Conf Version)
- 1. Speed is Essential for a Great Web Experience @andydavies #CanvasConf Sep 2012 http://www.flickr.com/photos/barkaway/342359810
- 2. But sometimes other concerns take priority... http://www.flickr.com/photos/randomidea/247994072
- 3. “Are we there yet?” http://www.flickr.com/photos/sharynmorrow/643126727
- 4. Our perception of response time Instant Seamless Yawn! 100ms 1s 10s 3s - Recommended 7s - Fortune 500 Load Time Average (2010) Response Time in Man-computer Conversational Transactions Robert B. Miller, 1968
- 5. “50% more concentration when using badly performing web sites” Foviance http://www.flickr.com/photos/yourdon/3366991042
- 6. Effect of delay on abandonment rate... Abandonment rate over 200+ sites / 177+ million page views over 2 weeks - http://www.measureworks.nl / Gomez
- 7. Bing did some experiments +1s $/ - 2.8% +
- 8. Wallmart made some improvements -1s +2%
- 9. Shopzilla cut page load time by 5 seconds! +12% +25% -50% $$$ http://velocityconf.com/velocity2009/public/schedule/detail/7709
- 10. Measuring page load time...
- 11. Measure Real Users’ Experience 27% 24% of visitors 24% waited over 10s Visitors (%) 13% 8% 8% 6% 6% 3% 3% 2% 1% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > 10 Load Time (s)
- 12. Measuring Real Users - Google Analytics Relies on Navigation Timing API, can add extra timing calls to page
- 13. Measuring Real Users - LogNormal
- 14. Measuring Real Users - Torbit Insight
- 15. Measuring Real Users - New Relic
- 16. webpagetest.org
- 19. Bigger, Faster Servers? http://www.flickr.com/photos/br1dotcom/4297736794
- 20. 80% plus of page load time is on front-end Backend news.bbc.co.uk Frontend ebay.co.uk debenhams.co.uk direct.gov.uk amazon.co.uk mumsnet.com guardian.co.uk 0 1.25 2.5 3.75 5 Measured on residential ADSL line using Chrome 19
- 21. Fix slow server responses first 4 seconds!
- 22. Bandwidth (often) isn’t the bottleneck 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0s 5s 10s news.bbc.co.uk tested via webpagetest.org throttled at 1.5Mbps (bursts over 1.5Mbps are artefact of testing)
- 23. Minimum round trips to download a file (TCP Segments) 285kB 214kB 143kB 71kB Size 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Round Trips TCP and the Lower Bound of Web Performance John Rauser
- 24. Going Faster… http://www.flickr.com/photos/mikebaird/2464769129/
- 25. Get the <head> straight <!doctype html> <html> <head> CSS before JS <meta charset="utf-8"> Ideally one file* <title>This is my title<title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css" type="text/css" /> <script src="script.js"></script> . . Only JS needed . during page load </head> * Bryan and Stephanie Rieger’s major and minor breakpoint approach requires multiple CSS files
- 26. Load remaining Javascript late as possible . . . <script src="restofscript.js"></script> </body> </html> One file or many? (Depends on size) Could you defer some JS until after onload?
- 27. Squash text based content - gzip / minify http://www.flickr.com/photos/evdg/298415813
- 28. Images are 64% of an ‘average’ web page http://www.flickr.com/photos/zaprittsky/4520788183/
- 29. Bitmapped Images JPEG PNG GIF Optimise, Optimise, Optimise! (jpegmini, pngmini, Smush.it, ImageOptim, Gifsicle etc.)
- 30. New Devices, New Challenges... 2 x Resolution = 4 x Pixels! http://www.flickr.com/photos/roopaw/6985954465
- 31. Some Alternatives CSS SVG Fonts Watch SVG - may not always be smaller than bitmap!
- 32. Re-use TCP Connections via HTTP Keep-Alive Orange segments are TCP connections being (re-) opened
- 33. news.bbcimg.co.uk static.bbc.co.uk Increase number of parallel downloads
- 34. Sometimes... The Waterfall of Doom! 2 seconds! (nearly)
- 35. Reduce number of HTTP requests
- 36. Cache resources that don’t change ‘often’ forever (use versions to replace) http://www.flickr.com/photos/sterlingely/64228609
- 37. Redirects - necessary but waste time… Why 2 redirects? Expensive over mobile networks due to latency
- 38. The Perils of Third Party Javascript... “Virgin Media Broadband ISP Users Affected by Website Routing Woes” ISP Review, May 26, 2012 cg-global.maxymiser.com unreachable
- 39. Impact on The Telegraph… Same issue affected many other sites http://bit.ly/Ncy7Rd
- 40. Load Third Party scripts asynchronously <script type="text/javascript"> function() { var js = document.createElement('script'); js.async = true; js.src = 'myscript.js'; var e = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; e.parentNode.insertBefore(js, first); })(); </script> async attribute may be option but not supported by IE & Opera
- 41. Argh... My brain hurts! http://www.flickr.com/photos/corneveaux/3248566797
- 42. Don’t have to do it all by hand http://www.flickr.com/photos/simeon_barkas/2557059247
- 43. Performance isn’t just for Christmas Measure Optimise Analyse
- 45. @andydavies andy@asteno.com http://www.slideshare.net/andydavies http://www.flickr.com/photos/auntiep/5024494612
- 46. Credits All photographs copyright original owners on flickr.com Following pictograms courtesy of The Noun Project