This document discusses responsive image techniques for adaptive web design. It begins by explaining browser sniffing versus feature testing, and recommends using feature testing to determine browser width, screen resolution, and bandwidth instead of browser sniffing. It then covers techniques like using background-size to control image sizes, SVG for smaller file sizes, and font-based solutions. The document also discusses server-side techniques like .htaccess rewrite rules and client-side techniques like picture and HiSRC. It advocates for a mobile-first approach using CSS media queries and a single pixel GIF for responsive images.
6. Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac
OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/
534.55.3 (KHTML, like Gecko)
Version/5.1.5 Safari/534.55.3
http://www.useragentstring.com/
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7. Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac
OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/
534.55.3 (KHTML, like Gecko)
Version/5.1.5 Safari/534.55.3
http://webaim.org/blog/user-agent-string-history/
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8. “ Based on feedback from users,
testers and engineers you will
contact large as well as smaller
Web sites and advise them on
how to improve their code for
maximum compatibility and
device independence.”
http://my.opera.com/chooseopera/blog/2010/06/09/
work-for-opera-as-a-web-opener
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12. The jQuery approach
// returns width of browser viewport
$(window).width();
// returns height of browser viewport
$(window).height();
// returns width of HTML document
$(document).width();
// returns height of HTML document
$(document).height();
http://api.jquery.com/width/ & http://api.jquery.com/height/
13. CSS media queries
// default, mobile-1st CSS rules devices go here
@media screen and (min-width: 480px) { ... }
@media screen and (min-width: 600px) { ... }
@media screen and (min-width: 768px) { ... }
@media screen and (min-width: 910px) { ... }
23. “ [In 2013, Intel sees their
product line] offer a higher
resolution experience than a
top-of-the-line 1080p HDTV.”
http://liliputing.com/2012/04/intel-retina-laptop-
desktop-displays-coming-in-2013.html
29. “ Testing for speed of an
internet connection is like
stepping in front of a car to see
how fast it is.”
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30. “ Testing for speed of an
internet connection is like
stepping in front of a car to see
how fast it is.”
“ But, Christopher, you only
have to test it once.”
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46. “ ...if you use <meta
charset="utf-8"> (you should
be for HTML5), you’re adding
common Unicode characters
like and ✆, and you don’t
need a specific font’s version...
just copy and paste them into
your HTML.”
54. “ ...the server has no way to
know what resolution the
client’s device is, so it can’t
send the appropriately sized
embeded images.”
http://mattwilcox.net/archive/entry/id/1053/
58. media queries in HTML
<video controls>
<source type="video/mp4" src="video/windowsill_small.mp4"
media="all and (max-width: 480px), all and (max-device-width:
480px)">
<source type="video/webm" src="video/windowsill_small.webm"
media="all and (max-width: 480px), all and (max-device-width:
480px)">
<source type="video/mp4" src="video/windowsill.mp4">
<source type="video/webm" src="video/windowsill.webm">
<!-- proper fallback content goes here -->
</video>
http://www.w3.org/community/respimg/2012/03/15/polyfilling-
picture-without-the-overhead/
59. <picture> patch
<picture alt="A giant stone face at The Bayon temple in Angkor Thom,
Cambodia">
<!-- <source src="small.jpg"> -->
<source src="small.jpg">
<!-- <source src="medium.jpg" media="(min-width: 400px)"> -->
<source src="medium.jpg" media="(min-width: 400px)">
<!-- <source src="large.jpg" media="(min-width: 800px)"> -->
<source src="large.jpg" media="(min-width: 800px)">
<!-- Fallback content for non-JS browsers. Same src as the initial
source element. -->
<noscript><img src="small.jpg" alt="A giant stone face at The Bayon
temple in Angkor Thom, Cambodia"></noscript>
</picture>
http://www.w3.org/community/respimg/2012/03/15/polyfilling-
picture-without-the-overhead/
60. <picture> patch
<picture alt="A giant stone face at The Bayon temple in Angkor Thom,
Cambodia">
<!-- <source src="small.jpg"> -->
<source src="small.jpg">
<!-- <source src="medium.jpg" media="(min-width: 400px)"> -->
<source src="medium.jpg" media="(min-width: 400px)">
<!-- <source src="large.jpg" media="(min-width: 800px)"> -->
<source src="large.jpg" media="(min-width: 800px)">
<!-- Fallback content for non-JS browsers. Same src as the initial
source element. -->
<noscript><img src="small.jpg" alt="A giant stone face at The Bayon
temple in Angkor Thom, Cambodia"></noscript>
</picture>
http://www.w3.org/community/respimg/2012/03/15/polyfilling-
picture-without-the-overhead/