Presentation on Space pollution, the genesis of space debris, history, future implications, recent events, growing concern and threats.
It will be helpful for the students of science streams, disaster management courses.
Contact sujaypaulfb@gmail.com to get full access and copy of the file.
Hubble Telescope is used to observe in the near-infrared through the visible spectrum to the ultra-violet.
This Telescope is placed above the distortion of the atmosphere, far above rain clouds and light pollution.
Its advantage to avoid atmospheric turbulence.It has an extremely large field of view which is necessary to obtain high resolution images of large areas of the sky.
This presentation deals with current space congestion scenario and the available measures that could be taken to cope with the continually emerging problem.
Hubble Telescope is used to observe in the near-infrared through the visible spectrum to the ultra-violet.
This Telescope is placed above the distortion of the atmosphere, far above rain clouds and light pollution.
Its advantage to avoid atmospheric turbulence.It has an extremely large field of view which is necessary to obtain high resolution images of large areas of the sky.
This presentation deals with current space congestion scenario and the available measures that could be taken to cope with the continually emerging problem.
The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan is a space probe orbiting Mars since 24 September 2014. It is India's first interplanetary mission and ISRO has also become the fourth space agency to reach Mars, after the Soviet space program, NASA, and the European Space Agency. It is the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit, and the first nation in the world to do so in its first attempt.
Hey I'm DIVYA SHREE NANDINI. I'm here with my new presentation on Black Hole. I'm sure you'll find it interesting. well first thing what is black hole- "Black hole, cosmic body of extremely intense gravity from which nothing, not even light, can escape. A black hole can be formed by the death of a massive star. When such a star has exhausted the internal thermonuclear fuels in its core at the end of its life, the core becomes unstable and gravitationally collapses inward upon itself, and the star’s outer layers are blown away. The crushing weight of constituent matter falling in from all sides compresses the dying star to a point of zero volume and infinite density called the singularity." wanna know more about it then come with me. :)
In this presentation the following topics are covered:
- Active debris removal techniques
- Tethered space tug
- Mathematical model
- Numerical simulation and analysis
- Results and conclusion
Presentation for the 5th Eucass - European Conference for Aerospace Sciences - Munich, Germany, 1-4 July 2013.
Hi !
I have made this presentation for you so that you know what is space and what is space technology.The one who will download it will be the one who has got 95% knowledge of space and
FOR MORE KNOWLEDGE JUST EMAIL ME ON THIS EMAIL ADDRESS
workplaceid154@gmail.com
Thanks for your downloading
(please spread this presentation to all schools and all institute so that the students or people can get to know about space)
NOTE:THIS IS MICROSOFT 2013 PRESENTATION)
I WILL UPLOAD LOWER VERSIONS OF THIS FILE
THANKS (MADE BY IRTAZA ZAFAR AND
HASEEB AHMED FROM THE CITY SCHOOL CHENAB CAMPUS FSD
Space Debris - An Environmental Problem for Space MissionsPramod Devireddy
Space Debris Report
What is Space Debris? Why is Space Debris dangerous? Space Debris Events,
Threat to Space Missions, Measures taken for Cleaning Space Debris, ISRO – Space Debris.
The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan is a space probe orbiting Mars since 24 September 2014. It is India's first interplanetary mission and ISRO has also become the fourth space agency to reach Mars, after the Soviet space program, NASA, and the European Space Agency. It is the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit, and the first nation in the world to do so in its first attempt.
Hey I'm DIVYA SHREE NANDINI. I'm here with my new presentation on Black Hole. I'm sure you'll find it interesting. well first thing what is black hole- "Black hole, cosmic body of extremely intense gravity from which nothing, not even light, can escape. A black hole can be formed by the death of a massive star. When such a star has exhausted the internal thermonuclear fuels in its core at the end of its life, the core becomes unstable and gravitationally collapses inward upon itself, and the star’s outer layers are blown away. The crushing weight of constituent matter falling in from all sides compresses the dying star to a point of zero volume and infinite density called the singularity." wanna know more about it then come with me. :)
In this presentation the following topics are covered:
- Active debris removal techniques
- Tethered space tug
- Mathematical model
- Numerical simulation and analysis
- Results and conclusion
Presentation for the 5th Eucass - European Conference for Aerospace Sciences - Munich, Germany, 1-4 July 2013.
Hi !
I have made this presentation for you so that you know what is space and what is space technology.The one who will download it will be the one who has got 95% knowledge of space and
FOR MORE KNOWLEDGE JUST EMAIL ME ON THIS EMAIL ADDRESS
workplaceid154@gmail.com
Thanks for your downloading
(please spread this presentation to all schools and all institute so that the students or people can get to know about space)
NOTE:THIS IS MICROSOFT 2013 PRESENTATION)
I WILL UPLOAD LOWER VERSIONS OF THIS FILE
THANKS (MADE BY IRTAZA ZAFAR AND
HASEEB AHMED FROM THE CITY SCHOOL CHENAB CAMPUS FSD
Space Debris - An Environmental Problem for Space MissionsPramod Devireddy
Space Debris Report
What is Space Debris? Why is Space Debris dangerous? Space Debris Events,
Threat to Space Missions, Measures taken for Cleaning Space Debris, ISRO – Space Debris.
Imagine zooming through space propelled by nothing else but the light of the Sun and other stars. Science fiction? No quite!
The concept of light sailing, or solar sailing, has been around since the 17th century. No serious progress towards implementing this idea has been made until the 21st century, but now it is making its way to the science labs, simulation facilities and into space.
Light sailing technology is being developed and tested as we speak. Many scientist think that it might be humanity’s best, if not only, chance to “go interstellar”. So..
Light sailing: the future of interstellar travel or science fiction?wonderdome
Imagine zooming through space propelled by nothing else but the light of the Sun and other stars. Science fiction? No quite!
The concept of light sailing, or solar sailing, has been around since the 17th century. No serious progress towards implementing this idea has been made until the 21st century, but now it is making its way to the science labs, simulation facilities and into space.
Light sailing technology is being developed and tested as we speak. Many scientist think that it might be humanity’s best, if not only, chance to “go interstellar”. So..
All of material inside is un-licence, kindly use it for educational only but please do not to commercialize it.
Based on 'ilman nafi'an, hopefully this file beneficially for you.
Thank you.
Information for Satellite, What is a Satellite...YaserKhan21
What is a Satellite?, Types of Satellite, Satellite Architecture and Organization, Application
Advantages of satellite over terrestrial communication, Disadvantage, Brief History of Artificial Satellites, Parts of a Satellite, What Keeps A Satellite from Falling to Earth?, What stops a Satellite from crashing into another Satellite?, Moons Around Other Worlds, About the International Space Station, Satellites in ISRO, Chandrayaan-1, Chandrayaan-2 and Chandrayaan-3
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
1. Stuffin.space
Sujay Kumar Paul
M.Sc. (Agriculture) Agronomy
Semester III, 2nd Year
Palli Siksha Bhavana
Visva Bharati, Sriniketan
SPACE POLLUTION
Humanity’s Next Big Challenge
2. Space
In simpler way, when we
look into the blackness of
the night sky, we are
peering into space into the
depths of universe where
the stars, planets, galaxies
stretch
One of the few fundamental
quantities in physics
3. Space Pollution ???
How ??? Space and Universe are infinite !!!
Actually NO !!!
Orbital Space is FINITE
And the space we use regularly is even more limited
Universally mostly used for satellites and human spaceflights is
Low Earth Orbits (LEO)- 160 km to 2000 km
International Space Station – 300 km to 400 km
4. Pollution caused by humans in other planets is still not a matter of concern…..
But…
Space debris/ Space junk is really an alarming issue for our near
future
Earlier No. 1 priority was to put up satellites there preferably before others
Even now, it is seen as a National Prestige to put up satellites
Space is not owned by anyone there are No Territorial Rights there
Human filled outer space with trash, as is done to our Mother Earth.
5.
6. FACT SHEETS
According to United States Strategic Command
17,852 artificial objects in orbit including 1419 operational satellites
(Trackable) Size > 10 cm
More than 175 million debris <1 cm to 10 cm
Only 1 in 10 tracked object is actually working spacecraft
2/3rd of space junk is in LEO
7. SOURCES OF SPACE JUNK
DEAD SPACECRAFTS
60 years after successful launch of
Sputnik 1 in 1957, about 5000 satellites
launched successfully. Only 1300 of
them are in operation. Others just add
up to the trash there.
Non functional satellites remain in orbit
for hundreds of years before they fall
and burn up Vanguard 1 (1958) will remain another 240 years
8. SOURCES OF SPACE JUNK
WEAPONS & RESEARCH
May, 1963: Project
Westford - 20 kg of Cu wire
into space for making a ring
of wires to facilitate long
distant communication.
Most of them fell back but
many welded to be a form of
space junk
10. SOURCES OF SPACE JUNK
WEAPONS & RESEARCH
1985 : USA shot down a non functional satellite with an aircraft
launched missile
2007 : China destroyed weather satellite in 850-882 km orbit, with
rocket to test space weapon.
Feb, 2008: USA launched a rocket to destroy a defective U.S spy satellite
These all created thousands of debris of sizes ranging from <1 cm to >10 cm
orbiting space till now….
11. SOURCES OF SPACE JUNK
LOST EQUIPMENTS
Gloves lost by astronaut Ed White
Thermal blankets
Garbage bags
Camera lost by Sunita Williams
Tools and tool bags
Drifting thermal blanket
12. SOURCES OF SPACE JUNK
BOOSTERS
Spent upper stage of a Delta II rocket
Rocket upper stages
with/without unburned
fuels, dust from solid
rocket motors, surface
erosion debris like paint
flakes, screws and frozen
coolant from nuclear
powered satellites.
13. This can’t be harmful in any way……
Paint flakes, screws, garbage bags !!!!!
Let us take an example of a screw.
14.
15. So, objects with really small mass can create
havoc in space
Impact of ½ inch paint flakes in
glass panes of ISS
16. Possible Threats
To Earth:
70% of Earth is water
Most debris burns up in the atmosphere, larger
objects can reach the ground.
Defunt spacecrafts which are still in control are
routinely deposited in a Spacecraft cemetery in
South Pacific Ocean
17. Possible Threats
To Earth:
1969: Five sailors on a Japanese ship were injured by
space debris
1979: Skylab disintegrated but reached surface
2001: Rocket upper stage from a satellite
launched in 1993 crashed in Saudi
Arabian desert (In Picture)
2003: Columbia carrying six astronauts
disintegrated but reached surface in
83,000 pieces
2007: A pilot of Airbus A340 carrying 270
passengers over Pacific Ocean saw
debris fly past
2018: Chinese non-funtional space station,
Tiangong 1 posed risk when it came down.
18. Possible Threats
To Spacecrafts:
Space junk is a threat to active satellites and spaceships.
Several incidences of junks crashing with operational space shuttles, thermal
protection system tiles and satellites were recorded. Incidents became already
common by the 1990s. Study concluded that debris accounted for half of the overall
risk to the Shuttle
Bullet like hole on radiator of
Space shuttle Endeavour
Space Station Mir’s solar panels are
damaged by junks
19. Possible Threats
To Spacecrafts:
As of December 2016, five satellite collisions are confirmed.
The first major satellite collision occurred on 10 February 2009. The
deactivated Russian military satellite Kosmos 2251 and the operational
communication satellite Iridium 33 collided 800 km over northern
Siberia.
22. Kessler syndrome
The Kessler proposed by the
NASA scientist Donald J.
Kessler in 1978, is a scenario in
which the density of objects in
low earth orbit is high enough that
collisions between objects could
cause a cascade where each
collision generates space debris
thus creating a chain of collision
and explosions.
The 2013 film Gravity features a
Kessler syndrome catastrophe as
the event.
D. J. Kessler
23.
24. Kessler syndrome
Imagine a situation like that ….what would be our condition in our day to day
life on Earth without..
Telecommunication
Weather Forecasting
Navigation: Trains, Planes, GPS
Global Banking System
Military reconnaissance
Earth observation
Orbital Telescopes
Remote sensing
All our advancements will vanish in just a matter of seconds
25. MANAGEMENT:
Space debris can create menace as
plastics are causing these days.
All the physical and other
conventional measures of
collecting and disposing off debris
are not going to act in space. As
the total space launches go on
increasing per year, the situation
will only grow worse.
1) SELF REMOVAL: The most easy way out is to decommission the satellites
well before we loose control and bring them to a very
low orbit so that they burn out during descent due to
friction with the atmosphere.
@ESA
26. MANAGEMENT:
2) ACTIVE REMOVAL: There are UN guidelines but are rarely followed. Even
if do not put any new satellites, space junk will
exponentially multiply. In order to allow space flight
without restriction in future 5 to 10 objects need to be
removed actively to stabilize space junk. Moreover,
jurisdiction plays another role as one has to get
permission to interact with a piece of space junk from
other institute.
i) Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
(JAXA) in 2017 has tried a Integrated
Tether Experiment to pass current into
defunct satellites to reduce their speed so
that they burn up in atmosphere.
27. MANAGEMENT:
ii) European Space Agency (ESA) is presently working on E.Deorbit
programme which will use harpoon / net / robotic arm to capture junk
and bring it to lower atmosphere, where it will burn up. However, the
success of a mission will depend on the size, rotation rate and structure of a
junk. E.Deorbit’s flight is scheduled for 2023.
Robotic Arm Concept
Net to capture junk
28. MANAGEMENT:
iii) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of
USA and Roscosmos of Russia also thinks of developing lasers to
burn up junk in space. But, weaponizing space is not acceptable.
iv) Japanese private sector startup, Astroscale is designing a debris-
removal satellite.
Laser Gun
29. MANAGEMENT:
V) Self-Destructing Satellites: Swiss
researchers have devised a small satellite,
called CleanSpace One, which could find and
then grab onto space junk with jellyfish-like
tentacles. Both the satellite and the space debris
would be destroyed during the heat and friction
of re-entry.
VI) Space Pods: Russia's space corporation, Energia, is planning to build a
space pod to knock junk out of orbit. It will be nuclear powered and can service
for 15 years.
VII) Sticky Booms: Altius Space Machines is currently developing a robotic
arm system it calls a "sticky boom", which can extend up to 100 meters, and
uses electroadhesion to bring down defunct satellites.
30. SOURCES OF SPACE JUNK
No matter which technology proves
itself, space junk isn’t going away.
Even if launches ceased tomorrow,
the problem could persist for a
couple of centuries and even get
worse. Space junk has reached a
tipping point, and if curative and
preventive measures are not taken
on from now, the ambitious projects
of Space Tourism will remain a
dream of future.
For long we treated space as oceans…truly big……what if we dump there!!!
But, its time for some Space Environmentalism
PROTOTYPE OF A SPACE HOTEL
CONCLUSION
31. References:
1)Space Debris, Wikipedia.
2) Stuffin.space
3) How can humans clean the space junk ?Litter, Litter Everywhere by Jesse Emspak,
https://www.theverge.com/2016/12/30/14116918/space-junk-debris
4) Space junk: What is it, how much is out there, and what should we do with it? By Tom
Fedorowytsch, http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-09-22/the-challenges-of-tracking-sp
5) 9 concepts for cleaning up space junk, Tree Hunger
6) Attack of the Cosmic Space Junk! , Youtube