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SPACE & NARRATIVE:
DESIGNING FOR SOCIAL
    INTERACTION
   Xianhang Zhang - Bumblebee Labs
UNDERSTANDING HUMAN BEHAVIOR




THE TRANSFORMATIVE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY
ABOUT ME
ABOUT ME
Grew up in Australia
ABOUT ME
Grew up in Australia

Bachelors of Computer Science, University of New South
Wales
ABOUT ME
Grew up in Australia

Bachelors of Computer Science, University of New South
Wales

Worked on Tabletop Computing, University of Sydney
ABOUT ME
Grew up in Australia

Bachelors of Computer Science, University of New South
Wales

Worked on Tabletop Computing, University of Sydney

PhD Candidate, University of Washington
ABOUT ME
Grew up in Australia

Bachelors of Computer Science, University of New South
Wales

Worked on Tabletop Computing, University of Sydney

PhD Candidate, University of Washington

Founder, Bumblebee Labs
ABOUT ME
Grew up in Australia

Bachelors of Computer Science, University of New South
Wales

Worked on Tabletop Computing, University of Sydney

PhD Candidate, University of Washington

Founder, Bumblebee Labs

Bay Area?
Flame wars are not surprising; they are one of the most
reliable features of mailing list practice. If you assume a
piece of software is for what it does, rather than what its
designer's goals were, then mailing list software is a tool
      for creating and sustaining heated argument.
You couldn't go through the code of Mailman and find the
  comment that reads "The next subroutine ensures that
   misunderstandings between users will be amplified,
leading to name-calling and vitriol." Yet the software will
          frequently produce just that outcome.
In thirty years, the principal engineering work on mailing
lists has been on the administrative experience. Mailman
 now offers administrator nearly a hundred configurable
 options, many with multiple choices. However, the social
 experience of a mailing list over those three decades has
                    hardly changed at all.
Social Software




 Understanding            Transformative
Human Behavior         Effects of Technology
Social Software


   Psychologists

Anthropologists

   Teachers
   Journalists


 Understanding                  Transformative
Human Behavior               Effects of Technology
Social Software


   Psychologists                   Startups

Anthropologists                      Activists
                                   Politicians
   Teachers
                               Social Media
   Journalists                  “Experts”


 Understanding                  Transformative
Human Behavior               Effects of Technology
Social Software


   Psychologists                   Startups

Anthropologists                      Activists
                      Design?      Politicians
   Teachers
                                Social Media
   Journalists                   “Experts”


 Understanding                  Transformative
Human Behavior               Effects of Technology
Is it considered rude to "ignore" a friend request?
Is it considered rude to "ignore" a friend request?

Is it considered rude to un-friend a facebook friend?
What if its someone you never actually speak to? And
wish you had never friended? But you don't want to
seem like an asshole? Will everyone assume that there
was some "issue" or fight between us?
Is it considered rude to "ignore" a friend request?

Is it considered rude to un-friend a facebook friend?
What if its someone you never actually speak to? And
wish you had never friended? But you don't want to
seem like an asshole? Will everyone assume that there
was some "issue" or fight between us?

What about work related "friends," like a boss or
someone you want to maintain good relations with but
don't want seeing your party pictures?
Is it considered rude to "ignore" a friend request?

Is it considered rude to un-friend a facebook friend?
What if its someone you never actually speak to? And
wish you had never friended? But you don't want to
seem like an asshole? Will everyone assume that there
was some "issue" or fight between us?

What about work related "friends," like a boss or
someone you want to maintain good relations with but
don't want seeing your party pictures?

Is the point of facebook to acquire the most friends? Is
there a secret prize for accomplishing this?
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP
  BETWEEN DESIGN &
  BEHAVIOR IN SOCIAL
      SOFTWARE?
Medium Scale Physical   Large Scale Physical
  Artifact Design         Artifact Design
Industrial Design   Architecture
Tool   Building
Tool   Building
Tool   Building
Tool   Building
Stuff
Space
S
Stuff   p




            Stuff
        a
        c
        e
S
Stuff         p




                           Stuff
              a
              c
              e
    Physical Artifact Design
SOFTWARE AS A TOOL
SOFTWARE AS A SPACE
SOFTWARE AS A SPACE
SOFTWARE AS A SPACE
SOFTWARE AS A SPACE
Physical               Virtual


           Stuff
Tool
        Industrial Design   Software as a Tool



          Space
Space
          Architecture      Software as a Space
FEATURES
?
We must first recognize that what a town or building is, is
  governed, above all, by what is happening there. [...]
  Those of us who are concerned with buildings tend to
forget too easily that all the life and soul of a place, all of
 our experiences there, depend not simply on the physical
   environment, but on the patterns of events which we
                     experience there.

 - Christopher Alexander, The Timeless Way of Building
NARRATIVE
FOR SALE: BABY SHOES, NEVER WORN.
                        ERNEST HEMMINGWAY
THE NARRATIVE IS THE
ATOMIC UNIT OF SOCIAL
    INTERACTION
OTHER EXAMPLES OF
   NARRATIVES
OTHER EXAMPLES OF
          NARRATIVES

I’m your friend
OTHER EXAMPLES OF
           NARRATIVES

I’m your friend

If you help me, I’ll owe you a favor
OTHER EXAMPLES OF
           NARRATIVES

I’m your friend

If you help me, I’ll owe you a favor

I’d really rather not cook tonight but I don’t want you to think
I’m lazy
OTHER EXAMPLES OF
           NARRATIVES

I’m your friend

If you help me, I’ll owe you a favor

I’d really rather not cook tonight but I don’t want you to think
I’m lazy

Note: A Narrative does not have to be true
Physical               Virtual


           Stuff              Feature
Tool
        Industrial Design   Software as a Tool



          Space             Narrative
Space
          Architecture      Software as a Space
N
           a
Features




               Features
           r
           r
           a
           t
           i
           v
           e
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP
  BETWEEN DESIGN &
  BEHAVIOR IN SOCIAL
      SOFTWARE?
THE DESIGN OF THE
SOFTWARE AFFECTS WHAT
  NARRATIVES CAN BE
      SUPPORTED
DEFRIENDING: REAL LIFE
DEFRIENDING: FACEBOOK
DESIGNING FOR NARRATIVES
I am a reputable merchant
Nap in my
office
Busy
Meet with
Alan Smithee
FRIENNUENDO
  social awkwardness
FACETED BLOGGING
      Identity
OTHER APPLICATIONS
OTHER APPLICATIONS


Faceted Facebook
OTHER APPLICATIONS


Faceted Facebook
Faceted Twitter
OTHER APPLICATIONS


Faceted Facebook
Faceted Twitter
Faceted Youtube
DESIGN ISSUES
DESIGN ISSUES

What is the ideal granularity of a facet?
DESIGN ISSUES

What is the ideal granularity of a facet?

How lightweight should facet creation be?
DESIGN ISSUES

What is the ideal granularity of a facet?

How lightweight should facet creation be?

How can you communicate faceting to the reader?
DESIGN ISSUES

What is the ideal granularity of a facet?

How lightweight should facet creation be?

How can you communicate faceting to the reader?

How does faceting integrate with the rest of the web
ecosystem?
Privacy
GROUPS SUCK
GROUPS SUCK

• Rude:
 Blacklists are Cruel. Whitelists are Snobbish.
GROUPS SUCK

• Rude:
 Blacklists are Cruel. Whitelists are Snobbish.

• Tedious:
 Need to explicitly list & maintain everyone who should see a
 photo?
GROUPS SUCK

• Rude:
 Blacklists are Cruel. Whitelists are Snobbish.

• Tedious:
 Need to explicitly list & maintain everyone who should see a
 photo?

• Complicated:
 Either inexpressive (flickr) or complicated (unix)
What is a Cherith?
What is cousin Rodney’s
catchphrase?
On whose rooftop did we
celebrate beating stanford?
USER STUDY 1
USER STUDY 1


• 31   subjects
USER STUDY 1


• 31   subjects

•5   semi-private photos per subject
USER STUDY 1


• 31   subjects

•5   semi-private photos per subject

• Users
      listed: friends, family, authority figures, strangers, ex-
 romances, potential future romances etc.
USER STUDY 1
USER STUDY 1


• 179   white/black lists created
USER STUDY 1


• 179   white/black lists created

• Friends: 90%   whitelisted, 40% blacklisted
USER STUDY 1


• 179   white/black lists created

• Friends: 90%   whitelisted, 40% blacklisted

• Family: 76%   whitelisted, 79% blacklisted
USER STUDY 1
USER STUDY 1



• Users   could create questions for 176/179 lists (98%)
USER STUDY 1



• Users   could create questions for 176/179 lists (98%)

• Median: 8   seconds, Mean: 15 seconds
USER STUDY II
USER STUDY II

• Can   strangers crack guard questions?
USER STUDY II

• Can   strangers crack guard questions?

• 1680 Mechanical Turkers made 16,800 guesses at 168
 questions
USER STUDY II

• Can   strangers crack guard questions?

• 1680 Mechanical Turkers made 16,800 guesses at 168
 questions

• 6%   cracked in 3 guessed, 11% in 10
USER STUDY II

• Can   strangers crack guard questions?

• 1680 Mechanical Turkers made 16,800 guesses at 168
 questions

• 6%   cracked in 3 guessed, 11% in 10

• Better   than what users expected (14%)
USER STUDY III
USER STUDY III


• Mechanical Turkers
                   designed questions for friends that were
 easy (<75%) or hard (>25%) to guess
USER STUDY III


• Mechanical Turkers
                   designed questions for friends that were
 easy (<75%) or hard (>25%) to guess

• 83%   of friends guessed the easy questions
USER STUDY III


• Mechanical Turkers
                   designed questions for friends that were
 easy (<75%) or hard (>25%) to guess

• 83%   of friends guessed the easy questions

• 27%   of friends guessed the hard questions
ONGOING WORK




 toomim@cs.washington.edu
CIRCUMSPECTION
“If Privacy is the desire not to be embarrassed,

Circumspection is the desire not to be bothered”




      CIRCUMSPECTION
WHAT’S NEXT?
WHAT’S NEXT?


• Advance   the state of the art in Social Interaction Design
WHAT’S NEXT?


• Advance   the state of the art in Social Interaction Design

• Create   a shareable methodology around Social Interaction
 Design
WHAT’S NEXT?


• Advance   the state of the art in Social Interaction Design

• Create   a shareable methodology around Social Interaction
 Design

• Developnew interface elements that can be used towards
 more socially humane design
N
             a



  Features




                     Features
             r
             r
             a
             t
             i
             v
             e



CONCLUSIONS
   hang@bumblebeelabs.com
http://www.bumblebeelabs.com

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Space & Narrative: Designing for Social Software

  • 1. SPACE & NARRATIVE: DESIGNING FOR SOCIAL INTERACTION Xianhang Zhang - Bumblebee Labs
  • 2. UNDERSTANDING HUMAN BEHAVIOR THE TRANSFORMATIVE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY
  • 4. ABOUT ME Grew up in Australia
  • 5. ABOUT ME Grew up in Australia Bachelors of Computer Science, University of New South Wales
  • 6. ABOUT ME Grew up in Australia Bachelors of Computer Science, University of New South Wales Worked on Tabletop Computing, University of Sydney
  • 7. ABOUT ME Grew up in Australia Bachelors of Computer Science, University of New South Wales Worked on Tabletop Computing, University of Sydney PhD Candidate, University of Washington
  • 8. ABOUT ME Grew up in Australia Bachelors of Computer Science, University of New South Wales Worked on Tabletop Computing, University of Sydney PhD Candidate, University of Washington Founder, Bumblebee Labs
  • 9. ABOUT ME Grew up in Australia Bachelors of Computer Science, University of New South Wales Worked on Tabletop Computing, University of Sydney PhD Candidate, University of Washington Founder, Bumblebee Labs Bay Area?
  • 10.
  • 11. Flame wars are not surprising; they are one of the most reliable features of mailing list practice. If you assume a piece of software is for what it does, rather than what its designer's goals were, then mailing list software is a tool for creating and sustaining heated argument.
  • 12. You couldn't go through the code of Mailman and find the comment that reads "The next subroutine ensures that misunderstandings between users will be amplified, leading to name-calling and vitriol." Yet the software will frequently produce just that outcome.
  • 13. In thirty years, the principal engineering work on mailing lists has been on the administrative experience. Mailman now offers administrator nearly a hundred configurable options, many with multiple choices. However, the social experience of a mailing list over those three decades has hardly changed at all.
  • 14. Social Software Understanding Transformative Human Behavior Effects of Technology
  • 15. Social Software Psychologists Anthropologists Teachers Journalists Understanding Transformative Human Behavior Effects of Technology
  • 16. Social Software Psychologists Startups Anthropologists Activists Politicians Teachers Social Media Journalists “Experts” Understanding Transformative Human Behavior Effects of Technology
  • 17. Social Software Psychologists Startups Anthropologists Activists Design? Politicians Teachers Social Media Journalists “Experts” Understanding Transformative Human Behavior Effects of Technology
  • 18.
  • 19. Is it considered rude to "ignore" a friend request?
  • 20. Is it considered rude to "ignore" a friend request? Is it considered rude to un-friend a facebook friend? What if its someone you never actually speak to? And wish you had never friended? But you don't want to seem like an asshole? Will everyone assume that there was some "issue" or fight between us?
  • 21. Is it considered rude to "ignore" a friend request? Is it considered rude to un-friend a facebook friend? What if its someone you never actually speak to? And wish you had never friended? But you don't want to seem like an asshole? Will everyone assume that there was some "issue" or fight between us? What about work related "friends," like a boss or someone you want to maintain good relations with but don't want seeing your party pictures?
  • 22. Is it considered rude to "ignore" a friend request? Is it considered rude to un-friend a facebook friend? What if its someone you never actually speak to? And wish you had never friended? But you don't want to seem like an asshole? Will everyone assume that there was some "issue" or fight between us? What about work related "friends," like a boss or someone you want to maintain good relations with but don't want seeing your party pictures? Is the point of facebook to acquire the most friends? Is there a secret prize for accomplishing this?
  • 23. WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DESIGN & BEHAVIOR IN SOCIAL SOFTWARE?
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26. Medium Scale Physical Large Scale Physical Artifact Design Artifact Design
  • 27. Industrial Design Architecture
  • 28. Tool Building
  • 29. Tool Building
  • 30. Tool Building
  • 31. Tool Building
  • 32. Stuff
  • 33. Space
  • 34. S Stuff p Stuff a c e
  • 35. S Stuff p Stuff a c e Physical Artifact Design
  • 37. SOFTWARE AS A SPACE
  • 38. SOFTWARE AS A SPACE
  • 39. SOFTWARE AS A SPACE
  • 40. SOFTWARE AS A SPACE
  • 41. Physical Virtual Stuff Tool Industrial Design Software as a Tool Space Space Architecture Software as a Space
  • 43. ?
  • 44. We must first recognize that what a town or building is, is governed, above all, by what is happening there. [...] Those of us who are concerned with buildings tend to forget too easily that all the life and soul of a place, all of our experiences there, depend not simply on the physical environment, but on the patterns of events which we experience there. - Christopher Alexander, The Timeless Way of Building
  • 46. FOR SALE: BABY SHOES, NEVER WORN. ERNEST HEMMINGWAY
  • 47. THE NARRATIVE IS THE ATOMIC UNIT OF SOCIAL INTERACTION
  • 48. OTHER EXAMPLES OF NARRATIVES
  • 49. OTHER EXAMPLES OF NARRATIVES I’m your friend
  • 50. OTHER EXAMPLES OF NARRATIVES I’m your friend If you help me, I’ll owe you a favor
  • 51. OTHER EXAMPLES OF NARRATIVES I’m your friend If you help me, I’ll owe you a favor I’d really rather not cook tonight but I don’t want you to think I’m lazy
  • 52. OTHER EXAMPLES OF NARRATIVES I’m your friend If you help me, I’ll owe you a favor I’d really rather not cook tonight but I don’t want you to think I’m lazy Note: A Narrative does not have to be true
  • 53. Physical Virtual Stuff Feature Tool Industrial Design Software as a Tool Space Narrative Space Architecture Software as a Space
  • 54. N a Features Features r r a t i v e
  • 55. WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DESIGN & BEHAVIOR IN SOCIAL SOFTWARE?
  • 56. THE DESIGN OF THE SOFTWARE AFFECTS WHAT NARRATIVES CAN BE SUPPORTED
  • 59.
  • 61. I am a reputable merchant
  • 62.
  • 64. Busy
  • 66.
  • 67. FRIENNUENDO social awkwardness
  • 68.
  • 69.
  • 70.
  • 71. FACETED BLOGGING Identity
  • 72.
  • 73.
  • 74.
  • 75.
  • 76.
  • 82. DESIGN ISSUES What is the ideal granularity of a facet?
  • 83. DESIGN ISSUES What is the ideal granularity of a facet? How lightweight should facet creation be?
  • 84. DESIGN ISSUES What is the ideal granularity of a facet? How lightweight should facet creation be? How can you communicate faceting to the reader?
  • 85. DESIGN ISSUES What is the ideal granularity of a facet? How lightweight should facet creation be? How can you communicate faceting to the reader? How does faceting integrate with the rest of the web ecosystem?
  • 87.
  • 88.
  • 89.
  • 91. GROUPS SUCK • Rude: Blacklists are Cruel. Whitelists are Snobbish.
  • 92. GROUPS SUCK • Rude: Blacklists are Cruel. Whitelists are Snobbish. • Tedious: Need to explicitly list & maintain everyone who should see a photo?
  • 93. GROUPS SUCK • Rude: Blacklists are Cruel. Whitelists are Snobbish. • Tedious: Need to explicitly list & maintain everyone who should see a photo? • Complicated: Either inexpressive (flickr) or complicated (unix)
  • 94. What is a Cherith?
  • 95. What is cousin Rodney’s catchphrase?
  • 96. On whose rooftop did we celebrate beating stanford?
  • 98. USER STUDY 1 • 31 subjects
  • 99. USER STUDY 1 • 31 subjects •5 semi-private photos per subject
  • 100. USER STUDY 1 • 31 subjects •5 semi-private photos per subject • Users listed: friends, family, authority figures, strangers, ex- romances, potential future romances etc.
  • 102. USER STUDY 1 • 179 white/black lists created
  • 103. USER STUDY 1 • 179 white/black lists created • Friends: 90% whitelisted, 40% blacklisted
  • 104. USER STUDY 1 • 179 white/black lists created • Friends: 90% whitelisted, 40% blacklisted • Family: 76% whitelisted, 79% blacklisted
  • 106. USER STUDY 1 • Users could create questions for 176/179 lists (98%)
  • 107. USER STUDY 1 • Users could create questions for 176/179 lists (98%) • Median: 8 seconds, Mean: 15 seconds
  • 109. USER STUDY II • Can strangers crack guard questions?
  • 110. USER STUDY II • Can strangers crack guard questions? • 1680 Mechanical Turkers made 16,800 guesses at 168 questions
  • 111. USER STUDY II • Can strangers crack guard questions? • 1680 Mechanical Turkers made 16,800 guesses at 168 questions • 6% cracked in 3 guessed, 11% in 10
  • 112. USER STUDY II • Can strangers crack guard questions? • 1680 Mechanical Turkers made 16,800 guesses at 168 questions • 6% cracked in 3 guessed, 11% in 10 • Better than what users expected (14%)
  • 114. USER STUDY III • Mechanical Turkers designed questions for friends that were easy (<75%) or hard (>25%) to guess
  • 115. USER STUDY III • Mechanical Turkers designed questions for friends that were easy (<75%) or hard (>25%) to guess • 83% of friends guessed the easy questions
  • 116. USER STUDY III • Mechanical Turkers designed questions for friends that were easy (<75%) or hard (>25%) to guess • 83% of friends guessed the easy questions • 27% of friends guessed the hard questions
  • 119. “If Privacy is the desire not to be embarrassed, Circumspection is the desire not to be bothered” CIRCUMSPECTION
  • 121. WHAT’S NEXT? • Advance the state of the art in Social Interaction Design
  • 122. WHAT’S NEXT? • Advance the state of the art in Social Interaction Design • Create a shareable methodology around Social Interaction Design
  • 123. WHAT’S NEXT? • Advance the state of the art in Social Interaction Design • Create a shareable methodology around Social Interaction Design • Developnew interface elements that can be used towards more socially humane design
  • 124. N a Features Features r r a t i v e CONCLUSIONS hang@bumblebeelabs.com http://www.bumblebeelabs.com

Editor's Notes

  1. 82,000 people sacrificed 230,000 friends in 10 days