This document describes research being conducted on drought tolerance in sorghum and maize. It discusses phenotyping of sorghum and maize panels under drought and well-watered conditions to identify genotypes with drought tolerance. Genotyping of the panels using SNPs is also mentioned. The document provides analysis of variance results from field trials showing significant genetic variation for drought tolerance. It also discusses using 3D imaging software to analyze root system architecture traits related to drought and phosphorus acquisition.
Field crops breeding for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses: achieveme...ICARDA
11-14 February 2019. Jodhpur, India. The 13th International Conference on Dryland Development
Presentation of Michael Baum, Director Biodiversity & Crop Improvement Program Jodhpur, India
Biophysical constraints in the West African Savannas,Research to provide technological solutions to the
constraints,Highlights of some impacts on beneficiaries of research activities,Emerging issues to address in the future
Science-based approaches for efficient conservation and use of genetic resourcesICARDA
11-14 February 2019. Jodhpur, India. The 13th International Conference on Dryland Development
13 February: Satellite Symposium Dryland Agrobiodiversity for Adaptation to Climate Change
Conservation and use of agrobiodiversity in CWANA drylands, Ahmed Amri (see picture), ICARDA, Morocco Head of ICARDA's Genetic Resources Unit, which runs the GRU seed bank in Rabat.
Technical report on two Sorghum varieties (12KNICSV-188 and 12KNICSV-22) deve...ICRISAT
Sorghum is an important staple crop in Nigeria due to its adaptability to different ecologies and affordability. Nigeria is the largest producer of Sorghum in Africa and the third largest in the world after USA and India. Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD), under the Agricultural Transformation Agenda is focused on strengthening the Nigerian economy through commodity transformation of sorghum as one of its target crops. Improving nourishment and ensuring food security for the low income populace who depend on sorghum as their staple food, and most of whom are situated in the North West and North East Nigeria.
Field crops breeding for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses: achieveme...ICARDA
11-14 February 2019. Jodhpur, India. The 13th International Conference on Dryland Development
Presentation of Michael Baum, Director Biodiversity & Crop Improvement Program Jodhpur, India
Biophysical constraints in the West African Savannas,Research to provide technological solutions to the
constraints,Highlights of some impacts on beneficiaries of research activities,Emerging issues to address in the future
Science-based approaches for efficient conservation and use of genetic resourcesICARDA
11-14 February 2019. Jodhpur, India. The 13th International Conference on Dryland Development
13 February: Satellite Symposium Dryland Agrobiodiversity for Adaptation to Climate Change
Conservation and use of agrobiodiversity in CWANA drylands, Ahmed Amri (see picture), ICARDA, Morocco Head of ICARDA's Genetic Resources Unit, which runs the GRU seed bank in Rabat.
Technical report on two Sorghum varieties (12KNICSV-188 and 12KNICSV-22) deve...ICRISAT
Sorghum is an important staple crop in Nigeria due to its adaptability to different ecologies and affordability. Nigeria is the largest producer of Sorghum in Africa and the third largest in the world after USA and India. Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD), under the Agricultural Transformation Agenda is focused on strengthening the Nigerian economy through commodity transformation of sorghum as one of its target crops. Improving nourishment and ensuring food security for the low income populace who depend on sorghum as their staple food, and most of whom are situated in the North West and North East Nigeria.
Prospects of super-early photo-insensitive pigeonpeaICRISAT
Pigeonpea is a protein-rich food legume that plays a crucial role in the food and nutritional security of smallholder farmers in the semi-arid regions of Asia and Eastern and Southern Africa. Photoperiod and temperature sensitivity of pigeonpea has restricted its expansion to wider latitudes and altitudes. Due to longer maturity duration the existing varieties are not suitable for diverse cropping systems and agro-ecologies. But this need not be the case anymore.
Presented by: Norman Uphoff, CIIFAD, Cornell University, USA
Presented at: International Conference on Sustainable Development in the Context of Climate Change- Asian Institute of Technology
Presented on: September 24, 2009
Introgression breeding for rice submergence tolerance_geetanjaliDr. Geetanjali Baruah
Simplified way of applicability of introgression breeding for submergence tolerance in rice with special emphasis on physiology of submergence tolerance
" Developing rice varieties with enhanced adaptation to lowland farming syste...ExternalEvents
" Developing rice varieties with enhanced adaptation to
lowland farming systems: Case studies from South Asia " presentation by Abdelbagi Ismail, International Rice Research Institute, Los ernational Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, The Philippines Baños, The Philippines
Speed Breeding is new technology to develop plants or breeding materials within a short possible time without affect seed viability and yield performance.
Screening for drought tolerance in finger millet germplasmICRISAT
Drought is the most limiting abiotic stress in finger millet production. Very little has been done to explore resistance in the crop. Finger millet is reported to have special mechanisms for drought resistance which some varieties possess. Drought tolerant lines will yield relatively well when water is scarce but do not lose the ability to yield well in good seasons. A number of agronomic traits; seedling vigor, days to flowering (DAF), plant height, umber of productive tillers, amount of chaff (threshability) and grain yield have been used to assess drought tolerance in finger millet.
Root genetic research and its application in plant breeding or crop improvementOm Prakash Patidar
UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, DHARWAD
DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING Master’s seminar-II
Root genetic research and its applications in plant breeding
Speaker: Om Prakash Patidar Date: 20/03/2015 ID No.: PGS13AGR6140 Time: 3:00 PM
Synopsis
Roots play an essential role in the acquisition of water and minerals from soils. Root system architecture (RSA), the spatial configuration of a root system in the soil, is used to describe the shape and structure of root system. Its importance in plant productivity lies in the fact that major soil resources are heterogeneously distributed in the soil, so that the spatial deployment of roots will substantially determine the ability of a plant to secure edaphic resources. Measuring crop root architecture and assaying for changes in function can be challenging, but examples have emerged showing that modifications to roots result in higher yield and increased stress tolerance.1
A marker-assisted back-crossing (MABC) breeding programme was conducted to improve the root morphological traits, and thereby drought tolerance, of the Indian upland rice variety, Kalinga III. The donor parent was Azucena, an upland japonica variety from Philippines. Five segments on different chromosomes were targeted for introgression; four segments carried QTLs for improved root morphological traits and the fifth carried a recessive QTL for aroma. It significantly increased root length under both irrigated and drought stress treatments.2
Alteration of root system architecture improves drought avoidance through the cloning and characterization of DEEPER ROOTING 1 (DRO1), a rice quantitative trait locus controlling root growth angle. Higher expression of DRO1 increases the root growth angle, whereby roots grow in a more downward direction. Introducing DRO1 into a shallow-rooting rice cultivar by backcrossing enabled the resulting line to avoid drought by increasing deep rooting, which maintained high yield performance under drought conditions relative to the recipient cultivar.3
GmEXPB2, A vegetative -expansin gene, clone from a Pi starvation-induced soybean cDNA library. GmEXPB2 was found to be primarily expressed in roots, and was highly induced by Pi starvation, and the induction pattern was confirmed by GUS staining in transgenic soybean hairy roots. Results from intact soybean composite showed that GmEXPB2 is involved in hairy root elongation, and subsequently affects plant growth and P uptake, especially at low P levels.4
Candidate Aluminum tolerance proteins include organic acid efflux transporters, with the organic acids forming non-toxic complexes with rhizosphere aluminum. ge
Abstract
Potato is an important food and cash crop in Eastern Ethiopia; however, its productivity is low for a number of constraints. Shortage of quality planting material and poor tuber sprouting due to long dormancy period of improved varieties at planting are two of the factors known to affect production cycle and productivity of the crop in Eastern Ethiopia. Two separate experiments were conducted from November 2013 to June 2014, to assess the effect of Gibberellic acid and storage condition on seed tuber dormancy breakage of two potato varieties. The treatments in the first experiment consisted of two potato varieties (‘Bubu’ and ‘Bate’) and three levels of Gibberellic acid (GA3) (0, 10, and 20 ppm) kept under three storage methods: in diffused light store (DLS), in pit, and in farmyard manure (FYM) heap. The experiment was laid out as a randomised complete design with four replications and conducted in the horticulture laboratory of Haramaya University. The second experiment consisted of the same treatments laid out in the field to study the effects of the treatments on the subsequent growth, yield, and yield-related traits. The experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design with three replications and conducted on a farmer’s field. The results of the experiments showed that genotypes, exogenous application of GA3, and storage conditions, as well as the interaction between them, significantly affected seed tuber dormancy period, sprouting characteristics, and subsequent tuber yield. Dormancy period, sprouting percent, sprout length, length of lateral axillary sprouts, and sprout vigour were significantly affected by the treatments. However, parameters such as days to 50% emergence, days to 50% flowering, and number and weight of very small and small tubers showed highest values for seed tubers, either treated with GA3 or not, and stored under FYM heap and pit storage conditions when compared with tuber treated and stored in DLS. In general, the study indicated that the interaction between genotypes, exogenous application of GA3, and storage conditions resulted in early dormancy termination, early emergence of shoots, and high marketable tuber yield.
Gemeda Mustefa
Prospects of super-early photo-insensitive pigeonpeaICRISAT
Pigeonpea is a protein-rich food legume that plays a crucial role in the food and nutritional security of smallholder farmers in the semi-arid regions of Asia and Eastern and Southern Africa. Photoperiod and temperature sensitivity of pigeonpea has restricted its expansion to wider latitudes and altitudes. Due to longer maturity duration the existing varieties are not suitable for diverse cropping systems and agro-ecologies. But this need not be the case anymore.
Presented by: Norman Uphoff, CIIFAD, Cornell University, USA
Presented at: International Conference on Sustainable Development in the Context of Climate Change- Asian Institute of Technology
Presented on: September 24, 2009
Introgression breeding for rice submergence tolerance_geetanjaliDr. Geetanjali Baruah
Simplified way of applicability of introgression breeding for submergence tolerance in rice with special emphasis on physiology of submergence tolerance
" Developing rice varieties with enhanced adaptation to lowland farming syste...ExternalEvents
" Developing rice varieties with enhanced adaptation to
lowland farming systems: Case studies from South Asia " presentation by Abdelbagi Ismail, International Rice Research Institute, Los ernational Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, The Philippines Baños, The Philippines
Speed Breeding is new technology to develop plants or breeding materials within a short possible time without affect seed viability and yield performance.
Screening for drought tolerance in finger millet germplasmICRISAT
Drought is the most limiting abiotic stress in finger millet production. Very little has been done to explore resistance in the crop. Finger millet is reported to have special mechanisms for drought resistance which some varieties possess. Drought tolerant lines will yield relatively well when water is scarce but do not lose the ability to yield well in good seasons. A number of agronomic traits; seedling vigor, days to flowering (DAF), plant height, umber of productive tillers, amount of chaff (threshability) and grain yield have been used to assess drought tolerance in finger millet.
Root genetic research and its application in plant breeding or crop improvementOm Prakash Patidar
UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, DHARWAD
DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING Master’s seminar-II
Root genetic research and its applications in plant breeding
Speaker: Om Prakash Patidar Date: 20/03/2015 ID No.: PGS13AGR6140 Time: 3:00 PM
Synopsis
Roots play an essential role in the acquisition of water and minerals from soils. Root system architecture (RSA), the spatial configuration of a root system in the soil, is used to describe the shape and structure of root system. Its importance in plant productivity lies in the fact that major soil resources are heterogeneously distributed in the soil, so that the spatial deployment of roots will substantially determine the ability of a plant to secure edaphic resources. Measuring crop root architecture and assaying for changes in function can be challenging, but examples have emerged showing that modifications to roots result in higher yield and increased stress tolerance.1
A marker-assisted back-crossing (MABC) breeding programme was conducted to improve the root morphological traits, and thereby drought tolerance, of the Indian upland rice variety, Kalinga III. The donor parent was Azucena, an upland japonica variety from Philippines. Five segments on different chromosomes were targeted for introgression; four segments carried QTLs for improved root morphological traits and the fifth carried a recessive QTL for aroma. It significantly increased root length under both irrigated and drought stress treatments.2
Alteration of root system architecture improves drought avoidance through the cloning and characterization of DEEPER ROOTING 1 (DRO1), a rice quantitative trait locus controlling root growth angle. Higher expression of DRO1 increases the root growth angle, whereby roots grow in a more downward direction. Introducing DRO1 into a shallow-rooting rice cultivar by backcrossing enabled the resulting line to avoid drought by increasing deep rooting, which maintained high yield performance under drought conditions relative to the recipient cultivar.3
GmEXPB2, A vegetative -expansin gene, clone from a Pi starvation-induced soybean cDNA library. GmEXPB2 was found to be primarily expressed in roots, and was highly induced by Pi starvation, and the induction pattern was confirmed by GUS staining in transgenic soybean hairy roots. Results from intact soybean composite showed that GmEXPB2 is involved in hairy root elongation, and subsequently affects plant growth and P uptake, especially at low P levels.4
Candidate Aluminum tolerance proteins include organic acid efflux transporters, with the organic acids forming non-toxic complexes with rhizosphere aluminum. ge
Abstract
Potato is an important food and cash crop in Eastern Ethiopia; however, its productivity is low for a number of constraints. Shortage of quality planting material and poor tuber sprouting due to long dormancy period of improved varieties at planting are two of the factors known to affect production cycle and productivity of the crop in Eastern Ethiopia. Two separate experiments were conducted from November 2013 to June 2014, to assess the effect of Gibberellic acid and storage condition on seed tuber dormancy breakage of two potato varieties. The treatments in the first experiment consisted of two potato varieties (‘Bubu’ and ‘Bate’) and three levels of Gibberellic acid (GA3) (0, 10, and 20 ppm) kept under three storage methods: in diffused light store (DLS), in pit, and in farmyard manure (FYM) heap. The experiment was laid out as a randomised complete design with four replications and conducted in the horticulture laboratory of Haramaya University. The second experiment consisted of the same treatments laid out in the field to study the effects of the treatments on the subsequent growth, yield, and yield-related traits. The experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design with three replications and conducted on a farmer’s field. The results of the experiments showed that genotypes, exogenous application of GA3, and storage conditions, as well as the interaction between them, significantly affected seed tuber dormancy period, sprouting characteristics, and subsequent tuber yield. Dormancy period, sprouting percent, sprout length, length of lateral axillary sprouts, and sprout vigour were significantly affected by the treatments. However, parameters such as days to 50% emergence, days to 50% flowering, and number and weight of very small and small tubers showed highest values for seed tubers, either treated with GA3 or not, and stored under FYM heap and pit storage conditions when compared with tuber treated and stored in DLS. In general, the study indicated that the interaction between genotypes, exogenous application of GA3, and storage conditions resulted in early dormancy termination, early emergence of shoots, and high marketable tuber yield.
Gemeda Mustefa
this project seeks to calibrate and evaluate the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator(APSIM) model for simulating the response of two maize cultivars(2009 EVDT and IWDC2) to applied nitrogen.
Novel QTLs for growth angle of seminal roots in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).PGS
Abstract
Because plants cannot change their environmental circumstances by changing their location, they must instead adapt to a wide variety of environmental conditions, especially soil conditions. One of the most effective ways for a plant to adapt to a given soil condition is by modifying its root system architecture. We aim to identify the genetic factors controlling root growth angle, a trait that affects root system architecture. Gravitropic and hydrotropic responses of wheat roots, which play a significant role in establishing root system architecture, are controlled by independent genetic factors.
Novel QTLs for growth angle of seminal roots in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PGS
Novel QTLs for growth angle of seminal roots in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
Dr. Alhosein Hamada, Associate Professor (Email: a.hamada@aun.edu.eg)
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University
This lecuter was presented in Plant Genetics Seminars. The content of this lecture was publised in Plant and Soil 2012
" Harnessing agricultural biotechnology for resilience to climate change: A l...ExternalEvents
" Harnessing agricultural biotechnology for resilience to
climate change: A lesson from water efficient maize for Africa
project" presentation by Yoseph Beyene, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
Shortcomings with long practiced intensive tillage such as loss of soil organic matter, decline in soil productivity, subsurface soil compaction, high fuel expenditures and increased cost of cultivation led to discovery of alternate options and embarked the idea of conservation tillage. Tillage practices that are defined by the per cent of residue cover left on the soil surface with minimized frequency or intensity of tillage operations are categorized under conservation tillage. These are aimed to reduce erosion by protecting the soil surface and thereby promoting economic and environmental benefits. Impact of conservation tillage is a function of duration and therefore long term investigations of conservation tillage serve as reliable source to study different crop, soil and cultivation parameters.
Conservation tillage and problem of residue management under rice based cropping system has been much talked about. However, maize being one of the most promising crops in changing climatic conditions; was less emphasized by conservationists. Maize is an erosion permitting crop and further conventional tillage in maize based cropping system enhances soil degradation, which is followed by accelerated rate of erosion and increased loss of nutrients. Lower economic returns from maize based cropping system due to higher costs involved in tillage operations is another major issue. Intensive tillage escalates the rate of oxidation of organic matter by opening the plough layer which decreases the soil organic carbon and ultimately results into degraded soil biological health. Conventional tillage in maize based cropping systems leads to persistence of particular weed flora, poor aggregate stability, development of hard pan which also creates problem of water logging in cases of poor drainage facility under maize based systems. Therefore, tillage practices needs some modifications to arrest such deteriorations that necessitated the concepts of conservation tillage.
Minimum risk of soil erosion, enhanced soil quality has been observed with conservation tillage besides showing enhanced macro and micro nutrient concentration in soil under maize based cropping system. Adoption of conservation tillage in maize based cropping system has promised to increase system productivity and maize yield by 23% in light textured soil . Higher net return by 6000-10,000 Rs/ha and 4-5% increase in energy efficiency are promised under conservation tillage. Therefore, energetic and economics of conservation tillage was significantly better than conventional tillage for maize based cropping system . Conservation tillage improves soil structure and enhances soil aggregation stability which enhances infiltration rate of soil. Soil water storage increased by about 3-12% under conservation tillage ultimately increases water productivity by 25 percent.
Presentation made by the GCP Director during the CGIAR Fund Council (FC) visit to CIMMYT (GCP's host), on the sidelines of the FC meeting in Mexico in May 2014.
Presentation by the GCP Director at an international workshop on genomics and integrated breeding, February 2014. More on the workshop: http://bit.ly/MwpliD You can also view the presentation on video here: http://bit.ly/1mVmVdS
A quick introduction to the CGIAR Generation Challenge Programme (GCP) -- its history, network, research organisation, outputs and challenges. GCP is a virtual network of partnerships working on modern crop breeding for food security
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
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Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: The WebAuthn API and Discoverable Credentials.pdf
GRM 2011: Discovery and Development of Alleles Contributing To Sorghum Drought Tolerance
1. Discovery and Development
of Alleles Contributing To
Sorghum Drought Tolerance
GCP Project G3008.05
PI: Andy Patterson
2. GCP Competitive Project G3008.02:
Improving Grain Yield on Acid Soils by
the Identification of Genetics Factors
Underlying Drought and Aluminum
Tolerance in Maize and Sorghum
PI: Leon Kochian (USDA-ARS and Cornell University)
Co-PI’s on Sorghum & Maize Drought Research: Jurandir
Magalhaes, Robert Schaffert, Sidney Parentoni, Claudia Guimarães
(Embrapa Maize and Sorghum)
Root System Architecture and Drought: Randy Clark (USDA-ARS
and Cornell University)
3. Development of a Sorghum Genome-
Wide Association Platform for Crop Traits
G10-brazilian lines
G9-Caudatum from Africa
G7-Guinea from Western AfricaG7-Guinea from Western Africa
G6- Guinea from Asia
G5-Guinea from southern Africa
G4-Dura from Asia andAfrica
G3-Caudatum,bicolor from China
G11-Kafir from southern Africa
G8-transplanted sorghum from Chad and Cameron
G1-Guine margaritiferum
G2-USA lines
• Combined the SP1/EMB/US (IGD) panels: 480 member association panel
SP1/EMB (SSR-based) SP1/EMB/US (SNP-based)
4. Genotyping and Phenotyping of
Sorghum Association Panel
•Initially genotyped with Illumina 1536 SNP chip by Martha
Hamblin (IGD-Cornell)
•Currently being genotyped by sequencing by Ed Buckler and
Sharon Mitchell as part of their NSF BREAD grant .
-Developed multiplexing approach to sequence multiple
samples in one lane of Illumina High-Seq.
-Developed a bioinformatics pipeline for SNP ID
-Hope to add 100,000 to 200,000 SNPs to each member of
association panel.
•Have phenotyped entire panel for Al tolerance – waiting for
genotyping to be completed to conduct GWAS on Al tolerance.
•Have phenotyped the IGD part of the panel (converted lines)
for P efficiency at Embrapa.
•Will soon phenotype panel for P efficiency and root
architecture in low P soils in greenhosse at Cornell
5. ALUMINUM TOXICITY IN CROP PLANTS
•Al3+ is the major toxic species
•Dramatic inhibition of root
growth
•Root apex is the site of toxicity
•Genetic variation in Al tolerance
has led to identification of Al
tolerance genes/mechanisms
Al Sens Al Tol
0% Al Saturation
20% Al Saturation
40% Al Saturation
TOL SENS TOL SENS
Wheat
Maize
6. Three experiments (9x9 simple lattice) with three
replications were conducted at two sites (Janauba in
Minas Gerais and Teresina in Maranhão) to evaluate
243 entries of the IGD sorghum panel. Two control
entries were repeated in each sub-block.
Planting Janauba 2010
Harvest (No stress)
Janauba 2010
Phenotyping Sorghum Association (IGD)
Panel for Drought Stress in the Field
Harvest (Drought stress)
Janauba 2010
7. Figure 1 Figure 2
Figure 1 and 2: Genotype SC782 under control and
water stress conditions in Janaúba conducted in 2010.
IGD panel phenotyped for grain yield, stay green, plant
height, etc under well watered and drought conditions
9. Mean Square
Source GL Yield
Expt. 2 8.978670NS
Block(exp) 51 4.124902**
Treat 244 4.891683**
Error 296 1.904430
CV (%) 22.41
Mean yield (t.ha-1) 6.15
h2 72%
Table 1. Analysis of Variance Summary of Experiments
Conducted under Well Watered Conditions in Janaúba (2009)
NS: Not significant, **: Significant at 1% probability by F test, CV (%): Coefficient of
variation and h2: herdability.
10. Mean Square
Source GL Yield
Expt. 2 4.9129710NS
Block(exp) 78 2.8328542**
Treat 244 2.7512407**
Error 566 0.886411
CV (%) 28.58
Mean yield (t.ha-1) 3.29
h2 75%
NS: Not significant, **: Significant at 1% probability by F test, CV (%): Coefficient of
variation and h2: herdability.
Table 1. Analysis of Variance Summary of Experiments
Conducted under Drought Conditions in Janaúba (2010)
11. • Observed significant variability in effect of drought on
grain yield at both sites.
• The reduction of grain yield under drought was 46%
compared to experiments conducted in controlled
conditions in Janaúba and approximately 30% in Teresina -
PI.
• It is noteworthy that irrigation was stopped before
flowering and no further irrigation was provided.
Preliminary Results
12. Recent Activities on Maize Drought Tolerance
at Maize Breeding Program of EMBRAPA
Embrapa-Maize and Sorghum – Sete Lagoas-MG, Brazil
Sidney Parentoni
Lauro Guimarães
Claudia Guimarães
13. Maize Breeding Lines Diversity Panel
•Have assembled a set of 190 maize inbred lines adapted to
tropical conditions.
•Are phenotyping these in the field for drought related traits
(grain yield, stay green, plant height, etc) at same field sites as
for sorghum work – Janaúba and Teresina.
•Drought imposed by with holding water for 50 until 80 days
after sowing, then irrigation re-applied.
•Also developed test cross panel by crossing 143 of the
inbreds with L3 and 178 inbreds with l 228.3. L3 and L228-3
represent the two maize heterotic groups.
•The test cross lines also phenotyped at the two sites under
similar conditions.
15. Grain yield of 190 inbred lines (EMBRAPA´s maize panel) evaluated at
drought (x axis) and well-watered (y axis) conditions, in Janaúba, 2009
y = 1,8581x + 389,64
R2 = 0,4879
r = 0,698
-100
400
900
1400
1900
2400
2900
-100 100 300 500 700 900 1100
kg/ha-Well-wateredcondition
kg/ha - Drought condition
L20
L98-CIM-2-46
L26
L3
228-3
16. Maize lines evaluated “per se” under drought
conditions
75 days after sowing
Janáuba-Brazil 2009
Low P
Low P
High P
Tolerant and sensitive lines under drought stress condition
17. Trial 2 - Testcross Evaluation- 2010
Trial-1: 64 TC
Trial-2: 64 TC
Trial-3: 15 TC
Trial-4: 81 TC
Trial-5: 82 TC
Trial-6: 15 TC
+ 4
checks
Evaluated at Janaúba-MG and Teresina-PI (Brazil) under drought
and well-watered conditions in 2010 - 3 reps
TC Panel
143 inbreds x L3 178 inbreds x 228-3
Drought: without irrigation 45 days after sowing until end of season
Well-watered conditions: irrigation as needed during entire season
300kg/ha 8-28-16
Side dress 100kg/ha of N
18. Maize panel Evaluated in Testcross under
Drought and Well-watered Conditions - 60
days after sowing
Janáuba-Brazil 2010
Low P
Low P
High P
Stress
Irrigated
19. Exp. 2 – TC Panel x testers 2010
Individual analysis for location and water availability
Grain yield (kg/ha)
Components
Janaúba Teresina
Drought W-w Drought W-w
Vg 537104** 1363145** 916694** 1722220**
Ve 990680 1558372 1877842 1243696
h2 0.77 0.84 0.75 0.89
Accuracy 0.87 0.92 0.86 0.94
CVe% 29.2 16.6 39.5 15.7
Means 3400.3 7526.3 3465.8 7110.7
Var. GxE 176807** 701576**
r levels 0.81 0.47
Yield reduction = 55% Yield reduction = 51%
20. Grain yield of testcrosses (EMBRAPA´s maize panel x 2 testers)
evaluated under drought (x axis) and well-watered (y axis) conditions in
Teresina-PI, individual analysis 2010
Grainyieldunderwell-wateredcondition(kg/ha)
Grain yield under drought conditions (kg/ha)
21. Genotyping Maize Inbred Line Panel
• Initially genotyped with 1536 SNP chip
• Approx 100 of the inbred lines have been genotypes
by GBS in Buckler lab. The rest will be done soon.
About 70,000 markers per line right now.
• Will we have enough markers to do GWAS analysis of
maize drought tolerance?
• Is LD for these lines greater than in Buckler diversity
panel as lines more related?
•Need professional help in analyzing data from test
crosses.
22. Analysis of Root System
Architecture in
Three Dimensions
Clark RT, MacCurdyRB, Jung JJ, Shaff JE,
McCouchSR, Aneshansley DJ, Kochian LV. 2011.
3-Dimensional root phenotyping with a novel
imaging and software platform. Plant Physiol
156: 455-465.
23. Shallow Intermediate Deep
What is the ideal root architecture for soybean in low phosphorous soils?
[P]
[H+]
P Efficient Soybean Line
Hong Liao, Root Biology Center, S. China Agric Univ., Guangzhou
24. Tradeoffs Between Phosphorus and
Water Acquisition
Low P
Sufficient Water
Sufficient P
Low Water
Jonathan Lynch, Penn State University
25. Gellan Gum Growth System and 3D Imaging Platform
• Plants grown in semi-sterile glass growth cylinders
containing solid gellan gum media replete with
nutrients.
• The camera is synchronized with the turntable via
computer control.
• Captured image sequences consist of 40 images for each
plant; 9° of rotation between images.
• Water tank corrects for optical refraction from the
curved surface of the glass cylinders.
• Approximately 4 minutes to image one root system.
Randy Clark
26. RootReader3D Reconstruction and Analysis Software
• RootReader3D generates 3D root models from image sequences and facilitates the quantification of
conventional and novel RSA and developmental traits.
• Measured traits include: length, volume, width, angle, distribution, root scavenging volume,
emergence times, gravitropic and circumnutation responses, etc.
• Automated analysis of whole root system traits.
• Interactive isolation, classification and analysis of specific root system components based on visual
and temporal clues.
Rice Root System
27. Trait Root Types Processing Units Description
Length (L) trs, zoi, pr, ecr, pecr, llr, pr+, cr+ a, sa cm
Length along the skeleton of the whole root system, root system component, or
root using a polyline length estimation technique.
Max Width (MaxW) trs, pr+, cr+ a, sa cm
Maximum horizontal width of the whole roots system or root system
component measured every 0.2 degrees of rotation.
Min Width (MinW) trs, pr+, cr+ a, sa cm
Minimum horizontal width of the whole roots system or root system component
measured every 0.2 degrees of rotation.
Max Depth (MaxD) trs, pr+, cr+ a, sa cm
Maximum vertical depth of the whole root systems or root system component
measured in relation to upper most slice containing a root system voxel.
MinW/MaxW Ratio trs, pr+, cr+ a, sa cm/cm Ratio of minimum width to maximum width.
MaxW/MaxD Ratio trs, pr+, cr+ a, sa cm/cm Ratio of maximum width to maximum depth.
Centroid trs, pr+, cr+ a, sa cm
Vertical position of the center of mass of the whole root system or root system
component.
Exploitation Volume trs, zoi, pr+, cr+ a, sa cm3
Volume surrounding the root system or root system component at specified
radius minus the root system or root components volume. Adapted from
Berntson, 1994.
Exploitation Index trs, zoi, pr+, cr+ a, sa cm3
/cm
Ratio of the exploitation volume to the root system to root system length.
Adapted from Berntson, 1994.
Median Number of Roots (MedR) trs, zoi, pr+, cr+ a, sa #
Median number of roots from root counts taken from all horizontal cross-
sectional slice through the entire root system or root system component.
Adapted from Iyer-Pascuzzi, et al, 2010.
Maximum Number of Roots (MaxR) trs, zoi, pr+, cr+ a, sa #
Number of roots at the 84th percentile of a sorted list (smallest to largest) of
root counts from all horizontal cross-sections through the entire root system or
root system component. Adapted from Iyer-Pascuzzi, et al, 2010.
MaxR/MedR Ratio (Bushiness) trs, zoi, pr+, cr+ a, sa #/#
Ratio maximum number of roots to median number of roots. Adapted from
Iyer-Pascuzzi, et al, 2010.
Surface Area (SA) trs, zoi, pr+, cr+ a, sa cm2 Summed surface area of the whole root system or root system component
voxels that are 6-connected with a background voxel.
Current Traits Measured with RootReader3D Software
28. Trait Root Types Processing Units Description
SA/V Ratio trs, zoi, pr+, cr+ a, sa cm2
/cm3
Ratio of surface area to volume.
SA/L Ratio trs, zoi, pr+, cr+ a, sa cm2
/cm Ratio of surface area to length.
Volume Distribution trs a cm3
/cm3
Ratio of the volume of root system contained above one third depth of the root
system to the volume of root system contained below one third depth of the
root system.
Convex Hull Volume (CHV) trs a cm3
Volume of the convex hull that encompasses the whole root system. The convex
hull is found by summing the convex hulls of all horizontal cross-sectional slice
through the root system, where the convex hull is the smallest convex set of
voxels that contains all other root voxels in the slice. Adapted from Iyer-
Pascuzzi, et al, 2010.
V/CHV (Solidity) trs a cm3
/cm3
Ratio of volume to convex hull volume. Adapted from Iyer-Pascuzzi, et al, 2010.
Emergence Time pr, ecr, pecr, llr sa days
Average root emergence time for a given root type in relation to the planting
date.
Initiation Angle pr, ecr, pecr, llr sa degrees
Average horizontal root initiation angle for a given root type. Measured in
relation to gellan gum surface or horizontal.
Gravitropic Response pr, ecr, pecr, llr sa degrees/cm
Difference in the horizontal root angle divided by the length of the root or root
section.
Circumnutation pr, ecr, pecr, llr sa degrees/cm
Difference in the root turn angle divided by the length of the root or root
section.
Narrowness Index trs, pr+, cr+ a, sa cm/cm
Average ratio of minimum width to maximum width for each horizontal cross-
sectional slice through the whole root system. Slices that only contain the
primary root and its connected laterals are excluded.
Volume (V)
Count
trs, zoi, pr+, cr+
pr, ecr, pecr, llr
a, sa
sa
cm3
#
Volume of the whole root system or root system component.
Number of roots of a particular type.
Tip Count trs a #
Number of root tips in the whole root system. Measured from root system
skeleton and is the number of skeleton voxels that have only one 26-connected
neighbor voxel.
L/V (Specific Root Length, SRL) trs, zoi, pr+, cr+ a, sa cm/cm3 Ratio of length to volume of the whole root system or root system component.
Adapted from Eissenstat, 1991 and Iyer-Pascuzzi, et al, 2010.
Current Traits Measured with RootReader3D Software (con’t)
31. Exploring Rice Root
Architecture in 3 Dimensions
Using a Diverse Set of Oryza
sativa and Oryza rufipogon
Accessions
Randy Clark – Oryza sativa
Janelle Jung – Oryza rufipogon
Randy ClarkJanelle Jung
32. Primary Objectives
•To survey the range of variation in seedling 3-D root morphology observed
within the rice diversity panel using the gellan gum culture system
•To quantify and characterize seedling root growth and root system
architecture traits in a diverse set of 400 O. s. and 100 O. r. accessions using
RootReader 3D platform.
•To develop a standard ontology of rice root system architecture (RSA) traits
•To identify seedling root architecture traits that distinguish O. r. and O. s, or
that are correlated with enhanced yield or stress tolerance
•To run association mapping analyses using the 950K SNP platform to
identify QTL controlling these root architecture traits in O. sativa & O.
rufipogon
Research Overview
33. NSF-TV Rice Diversity Panel
• 100 O. rufipogon accessions
Chosen for
• Genetic diversity
• Country of origin – natural range
• Vegetative trait variation – tiller angle and
stolon presence
• Reproductive trait variation – yield,
heading date, panicle and seed traits Geographic origin of O. r. panel accessions
Rice Diversity Panel -- 500 accessions – Association
Mapping
• 400 O. sativa accessions
Chosen for
• Genetic and geographic diversity
• Genomic and agricultural significance
34. Experimental Design
• 400 O. sativa accessions (NSF-TV) (15-18 weeks)
• 100 O. rufipogon accessions (NSF-TV) (4-6 weeks)
• 168 IR64 x Azucena SSD lines (6-8 weeks)
30 plants/batch, 3 batches/week
3 reps (individuals) per accession
1 rep at a time (30 accessions per batch)
O.s.: 28 unique, 2 internal controls
O.r.: 27 unique, 3 internal controls (1 O.r., 2 O.s.)
Time course: Imaging at 3, 6, 9, 12 days past planting
35. GWAS of Rice 3D Root Architecture Traits
• Have completed phenotyping rice for 3-D RSA traits under
control conditions in gel-based media. Phenotyped the
McCouch’s NSF-TV rice diversity panel (500 lines) and also
bi-parental mapping population (168 lines).
• That involved phenotyping approximately 2000 individual
plants in gellan gum cylinders.
• Roots imaged at 3, 6, 9, & 12 days after
planting to include dynamic
growth parameters.
•Randy is in Taiwan for the summer
where he as nearly completes 3D
reconstructions and quantification
of his 20 RSA traits.
•GWAS analysis will be completed
in Fall with 950k SNP chip.
36. •Will begin to phenotyping sorghum (and then maize) for 2-D and 3-D
RSA, including our sorghum association panel, and the Embrapa maize
breeding panel.
•Need to begin determining physiological relevance of specific RSA
traits – looking at their role in nutrient (P and N), and water acquisition.
•The gel-based system is not optimal for some stresses such as P
deficiency and drought – thus we are developing a sand-based culture
system where we control water potential or P availability for subsequent
analysis of 2D RSA and shoot/root biomass under stress (P efficiency and
drought tolerance). Then need to move onto to soil-based studies.
•Need to look at correlation of RSA traits between 2-D and 3-D analysis.
WHAT’S NEXT (con’t)?
Agricultural
Research Service
Generation Challenge
Program