Fe3O4 g C3N4 composite was synthesized using hydrothermal simple and facile techniques. The sonocatalytic activity of the magnetic Fe3O4 g C3N4 composite was studied through the H2O2 assisted system for degradation of water soluble organic pollutants such as methylene blue MB , rhodamine B RhB and methyl orange MO . X ray diffraction XRD and scanning electron microscopy SEM equipped were employed for the characterizing the structure and morphology of the so synthesized nanohybrid. The integration of H2O2 and catalyst dosage enhaced the sonocatalytic degradation of dyes. Furthermore, the magnetic property of the sample leaded to easier separation of the microhybrid, made it recyclable with a negligible decline in the dye degradation even after four consecutive recycles. Xuan Sang Nguyen "Sonocatalytic Performance of Fe3O4 Cluster Microspheres/Gratiphic Carbon Composite for Efficient Degradation of Organic Dyes" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-3 , June 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd57418.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/chemistry/environmental-chemistry/57418/sonocatalytic-performance-of-fe3o4-cluster-microspheresgratiphic-carbon-composite-for-efficient-degradation-of-organic-dyes/xuan-sang-nguyen
Crimson publishers-Biosynthesis of the Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Using Acacia Nilot...CrimsonpublishersTTEFT
Biosynthesis of the Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Using Acacia Nilotica Leaf Extract and their Effect on Degradation of Congo Red Dye in Aqueous Solution by Vasantha Jyothi NVV* and Venkateswarlu P* in Trends in Textile Engineering & Fashion Technology
This document describes research on using γ-Fe2O3 nanopowder prepared by a low temperature combustion method to remove the toxic azo dye Eriochrome Black T from aqueous solution. Characterization of the nanopowder using powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed it had a hexagonal crystal structure with crystallite size of 30-40 nm and a porous, agglomerated morphology. Adsorption studies on a 10 ppm dye solution found that the maximum dye removal of 70% occurred with 40 mg of γ-Fe2O3 nanopowder over a contact time of 8 minutes.
Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Malachite Gree...IJEAB
A facile solid state metathesis synthesis of barium tungstate (BaWO4) followed by ball milling and subsequent preparation of barium tungstate-graphene oxide (BaWO4–GO) nano composite using a colloidal blending process and its application as a visible light photocatalyst for the degradation of Malachite green and Methylene blue dyes. The morphology and composition of barium tungstate (BaWO4) nano composite have been characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), UV–Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectra (UV-DRS), Raman Spectra, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) – EDAX and UV Visible Spectroscopy. This composite material is found to be a wide band gap semiconductor with band gap of 4.3 eV. The sample shows poor transmittance in ultraviolet region while it has maximum transmittance in visible-near infrared regions. It shows an increase in range and intensity of light absorption and the reduction of electron–hole pair recombination in BaWO4 with the introducing of GO on to it.
Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue Using Groundnut Shell Activated Carbon C...IOSRJAC
In this work, activated carbon prepared from groundnut shells (GSAC) by sulphuric acid treatment was coated with Fe3O4(GSAC- Fe3O4) and tested for its efficiency as an adsorbentfor the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution. The structural morphology and functional groups present were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Various sorption parameters such as effect of pH, contact time, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage were studied. The percentage removal of methylene blue increased with decrease in initial methylene blue concentration and increased with increase in contact time and dose of the adsorbent. Equilibrium data were analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Kinetic data were studied using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models.
The document summarizes research on the fabrication of iron oxide microrods (MRs) with different crystal phases through a solvothermal method and annealing processes. It was found that carbon remained in the structures when annealing at low temperature (150°C), contributing to higher dye adsorption and drug loading capabilities. The Fe3O4-C sample showed superior adsorption of cationic and anionic dyes. When applied as a drug carrier, the MRs achieved mass loading ratios of 12.9% for chemical loading and 7.8% for physical loading of tissue plasminogen activator. The magnetic structures show potential for applications in water treatment and medicine.
This document summarizes a study that synthesized titanium dioxide-graphene oxide (TiO2-GO) and titanium dioxide-thermally reduced graphene oxide (TiO2-TGO) composites with varying concentrations of GO/TGO. The composites were characterized using various techniques and their photocatalytic activity for degrading phenol in an aqueous solution was evaluated. The TiO2-0.25% TGO composite exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity, attributed to optimal phenol adsorption and reduced electron-hole pair recombination rates. Photocatalytic testing under nitrogen confirmed the role of graphene in transporting and storing electrons, suppressing recombination.
Performance of integrated process using fungal strain corialus versicalor mtcIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study on the degradation of three dyes (Quinoline Yellow, Eosin B, and Rose Bengal) using an integrated process of fungal degradation and electrochemical oxidation. The fungal strain Corialus versicalor was found to efficiently decolorize the dyes. Degradation was measured by monitoring chemical oxygen demand (COD), which decreased by over 90% for the treated effluents. Spectral analysis showed reductions in dye absorption after treatment. The integrated process demonstrates potential for treating and reusing textile dye wastewater.
Nitrogen-doped graphene-supported copper complex: a novel photocatalyst for C...Pawan Kumar
A copper(II) complex grafted to nitrogen-doped graphene (GrN700–CuC) was synthesized and then
demonstrated as an efficient photocatalyst for CO2 reduction into methanol under visible light irradiation
using a DMF/water mixture. The chemical and microstructural features of GrN700–CuC nanosheets were
studied by FTIR, XPS, XRD and HRTEM analyses. Owing to its truly heterogeneous nature, GrN700–CuC
could be easily recovered after the photocatalytic reaction and showed efficient recyclability for
subsequent runs.
Crimson publishers-Biosynthesis of the Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Using Acacia Nilot...CrimsonpublishersTTEFT
Biosynthesis of the Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Using Acacia Nilotica Leaf Extract and their Effect on Degradation of Congo Red Dye in Aqueous Solution by Vasantha Jyothi NVV* and Venkateswarlu P* in Trends in Textile Engineering & Fashion Technology
This document describes research on using γ-Fe2O3 nanopowder prepared by a low temperature combustion method to remove the toxic azo dye Eriochrome Black T from aqueous solution. Characterization of the nanopowder using powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed it had a hexagonal crystal structure with crystallite size of 30-40 nm and a porous, agglomerated morphology. Adsorption studies on a 10 ppm dye solution found that the maximum dye removal of 70% occurred with 40 mg of γ-Fe2O3 nanopowder over a contact time of 8 minutes.
Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Malachite Gree...IJEAB
A facile solid state metathesis synthesis of barium tungstate (BaWO4) followed by ball milling and subsequent preparation of barium tungstate-graphene oxide (BaWO4–GO) nano composite using a colloidal blending process and its application as a visible light photocatalyst for the degradation of Malachite green and Methylene blue dyes. The morphology and composition of barium tungstate (BaWO4) nano composite have been characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), UV–Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectra (UV-DRS), Raman Spectra, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) – EDAX and UV Visible Spectroscopy. This composite material is found to be a wide band gap semiconductor with band gap of 4.3 eV. The sample shows poor transmittance in ultraviolet region while it has maximum transmittance in visible-near infrared regions. It shows an increase in range and intensity of light absorption and the reduction of electron–hole pair recombination in BaWO4 with the introducing of GO on to it.
Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue Using Groundnut Shell Activated Carbon C...IOSRJAC
In this work, activated carbon prepared from groundnut shells (GSAC) by sulphuric acid treatment was coated with Fe3O4(GSAC- Fe3O4) and tested for its efficiency as an adsorbentfor the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution. The structural morphology and functional groups present were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Various sorption parameters such as effect of pH, contact time, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage were studied. The percentage removal of methylene blue increased with decrease in initial methylene blue concentration and increased with increase in contact time and dose of the adsorbent. Equilibrium data were analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Kinetic data were studied using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models.
The document summarizes research on the fabrication of iron oxide microrods (MRs) with different crystal phases through a solvothermal method and annealing processes. It was found that carbon remained in the structures when annealing at low temperature (150°C), contributing to higher dye adsorption and drug loading capabilities. The Fe3O4-C sample showed superior adsorption of cationic and anionic dyes. When applied as a drug carrier, the MRs achieved mass loading ratios of 12.9% for chemical loading and 7.8% for physical loading of tissue plasminogen activator. The magnetic structures show potential for applications in water treatment and medicine.
This document summarizes a study that synthesized titanium dioxide-graphene oxide (TiO2-GO) and titanium dioxide-thermally reduced graphene oxide (TiO2-TGO) composites with varying concentrations of GO/TGO. The composites were characterized using various techniques and their photocatalytic activity for degrading phenol in an aqueous solution was evaluated. The TiO2-0.25% TGO composite exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity, attributed to optimal phenol adsorption and reduced electron-hole pair recombination rates. Photocatalytic testing under nitrogen confirmed the role of graphene in transporting and storing electrons, suppressing recombination.
Performance of integrated process using fungal strain corialus versicalor mtcIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study on the degradation of three dyes (Quinoline Yellow, Eosin B, and Rose Bengal) using an integrated process of fungal degradation and electrochemical oxidation. The fungal strain Corialus versicalor was found to efficiently decolorize the dyes. Degradation was measured by monitoring chemical oxygen demand (COD), which decreased by over 90% for the treated effluents. Spectral analysis showed reductions in dye absorption after treatment. The integrated process demonstrates potential for treating and reusing textile dye wastewater.
Nitrogen-doped graphene-supported copper complex: a novel photocatalyst for C...Pawan Kumar
A copper(II) complex grafted to nitrogen-doped graphene (GrN700–CuC) was synthesized and then
demonstrated as an efficient photocatalyst for CO2 reduction into methanol under visible light irradiation
using a DMF/water mixture. The chemical and microstructural features of GrN700–CuC nanosheets were
studied by FTIR, XPS, XRD and HRTEM analyses. Owing to its truly heterogeneous nature, GrN700–CuC
could be easily recovered after the photocatalytic reaction and showed efficient recyclability for
subsequent runs.
ACETYLATION OF BENZYLIC ALCOHOLS OVER BiFeO3 (BFO), Bi0.86Sm0.07Eu0.07FeO3 (B...EDITOR IJCRCPS
BiFeO3 (BFO), Bi0.86Sm0.07Eu0.07FeO3 (BSEFO), and Bi0.86Sm0.07Cd0.07FeO3 (BSCFO) nanopowders were prepared by the sol-gel
combustion method and the catalytic performances were evaluated in acetylation reaction of benzyl alcohol. The physical chemical
properties of catalysts were characterized by using XRD, FT-IR, scanning electron microscope (SEM), EDX and BET surface.
Efficient acetylation of benzyl alcohol was carried out over all the nano powders using acetyl chloride/ acetonitrile at room
temperature. Among the nanopowders, BSCFO showed the highest catalytic performance and the yield of benzyl acetate was 89,
45, and 69 percent over BSCFO, BFO, and BSEFO, respectively. Partial substitution of Sm-Eu and Sm-Cd in bismuth ferrite
improved the catalytic performance and increased the specific surface area of the catalysts. A direct relationship was resulted
between catalytic performance and surface of catalysts, where BSCFO with the highest surface area (111m2/g) exhibited the
superior catalytic performance. The quantitative yield for acetate product was also resulted for acetylation of p-methyl benzyl
alcohol, p-nitro benzyl alcohol and p-chloro benzyl alcohol on BSCFO. The catalysts showed good reusability in the process. The
study confirmed the catalysts could be promising catalyst for acetylation of alcohols.
Keywords: Europium, Samarium, Bismuth ferrites, nano perovskite, doping, Acetylation, benzylic alcohols.
Reduced graphene oxide–CuO nanocomposites for photocatalyticconversion of CO2...Pawan Kumar
Reduced graphene oxide (rGO)–copper oxide nanocomposites are prepared by covalent grafting of CuOnanorods on the rGO skeleton. Chemical and structural features of rGO–CuO nanocomposites are probedby FTIR, XPS, XRD and HRTEM analyses. Photocatalytic potential of rGO–CuO nanocomposites is exploredfor reduction of CO2into the methanol under the visible light irradiation. The breadth of CuO nanorods andthe oxidation state of Cu in the rGO–CuO/Cu2O nanocomposites are systematically varied to investigatetheir photocatalytic activities. The pristine CuO nanorods exhibited very low photocatalytic activity owingto fast recombination of charge carriers and yielded 175 mol g−1methanol, whereas rGO–Cu2O andrGO–CuO exhibited significantly improved photocatalytic activities and yielded five (862 mol g−1) andseven (1228 mol g−1) folds methanol, respectively. The superior photocatalytic activity of CuO in therGO–CuO nanocomposites was attributed to slow recombination of charge carriers and efficient transferof photo-generated electrons through the rGO skeleton. This study further excludes the use of scavengingdonor.
Reduced graphene oxide–CuO nanocomposites for photocatalyticconversion of CO2...Pawan Kumar
tReduced graphene oxide (rGO)–copper oxide nanocomposites are prepared by covalent grafting of CuOnanorods on the rGO skeleton. Chemical and structural features of rGO–CuO nanocomposites are probedby FTIR, XPS, XRD and HRTEM analyses. Photocatalytic potential of rGO–CuO nanocomposites is exploredfor reduction of CO2into the methanol under the visible light irradiation. The breadth of CuO nanorods andthe oxidation state of Cu in the rGO–CuO/Cu2O nanocomposites are systematically varied to investigatetheir photocatalytic activities. The pristine CuO nanorods exhibited very low photocatalytic activity owingto fast recombination of charge carriers and yielded 175 mol g−1methanol, whereas rGO–Cu2O andrGO–CuO exhibited significantly improved photocatalytic activities and yielded five (862 mol g−1) andseven (1228 mol g−1) folds methanol, respectively. The superior photocatalytic activity of CuO in therGO–CuO nanocomposites was attributed to slow recombination of charge carriers and efficient transferof photo-generated electrons through the rGO skeleton. This study further excludes the use of scavengingdonor.
Spatial charge separation on the (110)/(102) facets of cocatalyst-free ZnIn2S...Pawan Kumar
Photorefining of biomass and its derivatives to value-added chemicals is an alternative solution to address the global energy shortage and environmental issues. Herein, efficient and selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF, 91.1% conversion) to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF, 99.4% selectivity) is demonstrated by visible light-driven photocatalysis over cocatalyst-free ZnIn2S4 nanosheets with crystal facet engineering. The spatial accumulation of photogenerated electrons and holes on the (110) and (102) crystal facets triggers a two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e-ORR) for H2O2 generation and HMF oxidation into DFF, respectively. The severe attenuation of photostability is caused by the irreversible photocorrosion of Zn–S with the formation of Zn–O chemical bonds by the formation of ˙OH from the in situ decomposition of H2O2. Spontaneous substitution of oxygen with sulfur has been proven to efficiently improve the photostability of ZnIn2S4. This present work provides insights into improving the durability of ZnIn2S4 and sheds new light on biomass valorization via photorefinery.
Synthesis and characterization of MnO2/rGO nano composite for super capacitorsIRJET Journal
This document summarizes the synthesis and characterization of an MnO2/rGO nanocomposite for use in supercapacitors. Graphene oxide was produced using a modified Hummer's method and then reduced to rGO. MnO2 nanoparticles were prepared using a drop-feeding method and mixed with rGO to form a nanocomposite. The nanocomposite was characterized using various techniques and showed improved capacitance compared to MnO2 alone, with a highest value of 678 F/g measured. The nanocomposite therefore shows promise for supercapacitor applications due to its high specific capacitance.
Chemical modification of lignocellulosic materials by irradiation with Nd-YAG...NabilMabrouk6
1) Nd-YAG laser pulses were used to irradiate samples of lignin, microcrystalline cellulose, and filter paper. Lignin experienced substantial weight loss and degradation upon irradiation, while cellulose samples were unaffected.
2) Irradiation reduced the molecular weight and narrowed the molecular weight distribution of lignin. Smaller lignin fragments with increased phenolic hydroxyl content were produced.
3) Laser treatment provided a simple way to modify lignin properties without using chemical reagents. This technique could allow production of lignin samples with uniform characteristics.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Hydroxyapatite with Agar-Agar Bio-PolymerIJERA Editor
Hydroxyapatite used for bone replacement is one of the most active areas of ceramic biomaterials research currently. It is a desirable implant material due to its biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties. Agar agar is a biological polymer frequently used in tissue engineering and pharmaceutical for potential use in bone replacement. Nano hydroxyapatite was successfully synthesized by wet chemical precipitation method . In this work nHAp/agar composite were synthesized and characterization of the compound were done by using characterization Fourier transform infrared(FTIR), X-ray diffract ration (XRD), Transmission electron microscope(TEM) and Energy dispersive analysis of X-ray spectrum(EDAX).
The document summarizes a study on the oriented interfacial microstructures that form in single fiber polymer composites containing graphene fibers. Graphene oxide fibers were produced via wet spinning and then chemically reduced to graphene fibers. These graphene fibers were embedded in isotactic polypropylene (iPP) matrix and subjected to isothermal melt crystallization. Polarized optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that the iPP crystallizes perpendicularly to the fiber axis, forming a transcrystalline interphase around the graphene fiber. Various factors that influence the transcrystallization process were investigated.
Biological and Medical Applications of Graphene NanoparticlesAI Publications
Graphene which is one of the latest additions to nanocarbon family has peculiar band structure, extraordinary thermal and electronic conductance and room temperature quantum Hall effect. It is used in for various applications in diverse fields ranging from catalysis to electronics. In addition to being components in electronic devices, GO have been used in nanocomposite materials, polymer composite materials, energy storage, biomedical applications, catalysis and as a surfactant with some overlaps between these fields Graphene oxide is a unique material that can be viewed as a single monomolecular layer of graphite with various oxygen containing functionalities such as epoxide, carbonyl, carboxyl and hydroxyl groups.
The project will focus on synthesis of hexagonal structured pure phases of compositions: BaM1/3Ti2/3O3-δ and BaM1/6Ti5/6O3-δ, where M= Sc, In and Fe via different methods such as Solid state sintering and wet chemical route. The ultimate goal is to finding structure – functionality relationships within these proton and mixed conducting systems. A substantial effort will focus on search for and fabrication of new materials although the main part of the work will concentrate on detailed structural characterisation (rietveld refinement), impedance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis.
Sunlight induced removal of Rhodamine B from water through Semiconductor Pho...Hariprasad Narayanan
This document summarizes research on the photocatalytic removal of Rhodamine B dye from water using TiO2 and platinum-deposited TiO2 (Pt/TiO2) under sunlight and UV light. Key findings include:
1) Pt/TiO2 showed around 5 times higher activity than TiO2 alone for degrading Rhodamine B under sunlight, due to Pt extending TiO2's absorption into the visible light range and reducing electron-hole recombination.
2) Over 80% of Rhodamine B was degraded within 4 hours using Pt/TiO2 under sunlight, compared to only around 20% for TiO2 alone.
3) The optimum catalyst loading was 0.1 g/L for
This document summarizes the synthesis and characterization of three titanium-containing metal-organic framework (MOF) photocatalysts: MIL-125, MIL-NH2, and SMIL-NH2. MIL-125 and MIL-NH2 were synthesized via a conventional solvothermal method, while SMIL-NH2 was synthesized using the same method with the addition of a nonionic surfactant. Characterization showed that SMIL-NH2 had a more uniform cylindrical morphology with smaller particle sizes of 50-250 nm and over double the surface area of MIL-NH2. Photocatalytic testing found that under blue LED light, SMIL-NH2 was able to
Nanocrystalline Nickel Zinc Ferrite as an efficient alcohol sensor at room te...IJEAB
In the present communication, nanocrystalline nickel zinc ferrite (NZF) has been successfully synthesized by temperature and spin controlled coprecipitation techinique. The structural and surface morphological characterizations of the sample have been analyzed by means of Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The minimum crystalline size of prepared NZF sample calculated from Scherer’s formula and is found to be 25 nm. FESEM images exhibit the porous nature of the sensing material with a number of active sites. In a comparative study on the sensing characteristics of nanostructured NZF pellet towards three primary alcohols viz. ethanol, propanol and butanol, the maximum sensitivity is found to be nearly 90% for 1000 ppm of the ethanol vapour at room temperature. The sensing response followed the order of ethanol > propanol > butanol with respect to time. The experimental results show that nanostructured NZF is a promising material for alcohol sensor. The sensor responses are quite stable and highly reproducible even at room temperature.
Metal-organic hybrid: Photoreduction of CO2 using graphitic carbon nitride su...Pawan Kumar
A novel heteroleptic iridium complex supported on graphitic carbon nitride was synthesized and used for photoreduction of carbon dioxide under visible light irradiation. The methanol yield obtained after 24 h irradiation was 9934 μmol g−1cat (TON 1241 with respect to Ir) by using triethylamine (TEA) as a sacrificial donor, which was significantly higher as compared to the semiconductor carbon nitride 145 μmol g−1cat under identical conditions. The presence of triethylamine was found to be vital for the higher methanol yield. After the reaction, the photocatalyst could easily be recovered and reused for subsequent six runs without significant loss in photo activity.
Metal-organic hybrid: Photoreduction of CO2 using graphitic carbon nitride su...Pawan Kumar
A novel heteroleptic iridium complex supported on graphitic carbon nitride was synthesized and used
for photoreduction of carbon dioxide under visible light irradiation. The methanol yield obtained after
24 h irradiation was 9934 mmol g1cat (TON 1241 with respect to Ir) by using triethylamine (TEA) as a
sacrificial donor, which was significantly higher as compared to the semiconductor carbon nitride
145 mmol g1cat under identical conditions. The presence of triethylamine was found to be vital for the
higher methanol yield. After the reaction, the photocatalyst could easily be recovered and reused for
subsequent six runs without significant loss in photo activity.
Metal-organic hybrid: Photoreduction of CO2 using graphitic carbon nitride su...Pawan Kumar
A novel heteroleptic iridium complex supported on graphitic carbon nitride was synthesized and used
for photoreduction of carbon dioxide under visible light irradiation. The methanol yield obtained after
24 h irradiation was 9934 mmol g1cat (TON 1241 with respect to Ir) by using triethylamine (TEA) as a
sacrificial donor, which was significantly higher as compared to the semiconductor carbon nitride
145 mmol g1cat under identical conditions. The presence of triethylamine was found to be vital for the
higher methanol yield. After the reaction, the photocatalyst could easily be recovered and reused for
subsequent six runs without significant loss in photo activity.
Graphene oxide immobilized copper phthalocyanine tetrasulphonamide: the first...Pawan Kumar
The first successful synthesis of DMC directly from methanol and carbon dioxide using a heterogenized
homogeneous graphene oxide immobilized copper phthalocyanine tetrasulphonamide catalyst in the
presence of N,N0-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as a dehydrating agent is described. The presence of a
dehydrating agent was found to be vital and in its absence the yield of DMC was found to be decreased
significantly. Under the optimized reaction conditions, the maximum yield of DMC reaches up to 13.3%.
Although the homogeneous copper phthalocyanine tetrasulphonamide catalyst provided a little higher
yield of DMC (14.2%), the facile recovery and recycling ability of the heterogeneous catalyst make the
developed method more attractive from environmental and economical viewpoints.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
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ACETYLATION OF BENZYLIC ALCOHOLS OVER BiFeO3 (BFO), Bi0.86Sm0.07Eu0.07FeO3 (B...EDITOR IJCRCPS
BiFeO3 (BFO), Bi0.86Sm0.07Eu0.07FeO3 (BSEFO), and Bi0.86Sm0.07Cd0.07FeO3 (BSCFO) nanopowders were prepared by the sol-gel
combustion method and the catalytic performances were evaluated in acetylation reaction of benzyl alcohol. The physical chemical
properties of catalysts were characterized by using XRD, FT-IR, scanning electron microscope (SEM), EDX and BET surface.
Efficient acetylation of benzyl alcohol was carried out over all the nano powders using acetyl chloride/ acetonitrile at room
temperature. Among the nanopowders, BSCFO showed the highest catalytic performance and the yield of benzyl acetate was 89,
45, and 69 percent over BSCFO, BFO, and BSEFO, respectively. Partial substitution of Sm-Eu and Sm-Cd in bismuth ferrite
improved the catalytic performance and increased the specific surface area of the catalysts. A direct relationship was resulted
between catalytic performance and surface of catalysts, where BSCFO with the highest surface area (111m2/g) exhibited the
superior catalytic performance. The quantitative yield for acetate product was also resulted for acetylation of p-methyl benzyl
alcohol, p-nitro benzyl alcohol and p-chloro benzyl alcohol on BSCFO. The catalysts showed good reusability in the process. The
study confirmed the catalysts could be promising catalyst for acetylation of alcohols.
Keywords: Europium, Samarium, Bismuth ferrites, nano perovskite, doping, Acetylation, benzylic alcohols.
Reduced graphene oxide–CuO nanocomposites for photocatalyticconversion of CO2...Pawan Kumar
Reduced graphene oxide (rGO)–copper oxide nanocomposites are prepared by covalent grafting of CuOnanorods on the rGO skeleton. Chemical and structural features of rGO–CuO nanocomposites are probedby FTIR, XPS, XRD and HRTEM analyses. Photocatalytic potential of rGO–CuO nanocomposites is exploredfor reduction of CO2into the methanol under the visible light irradiation. The breadth of CuO nanorods andthe oxidation state of Cu in the rGO–CuO/Cu2O nanocomposites are systematically varied to investigatetheir photocatalytic activities. The pristine CuO nanorods exhibited very low photocatalytic activity owingto fast recombination of charge carriers and yielded 175 mol g−1methanol, whereas rGO–Cu2O andrGO–CuO exhibited significantly improved photocatalytic activities and yielded five (862 mol g−1) andseven (1228 mol g−1) folds methanol, respectively. The superior photocatalytic activity of CuO in therGO–CuO nanocomposites was attributed to slow recombination of charge carriers and efficient transferof photo-generated electrons through the rGO skeleton. This study further excludes the use of scavengingdonor.
Reduced graphene oxide–CuO nanocomposites for photocatalyticconversion of CO2...Pawan Kumar
tReduced graphene oxide (rGO)–copper oxide nanocomposites are prepared by covalent grafting of CuOnanorods on the rGO skeleton. Chemical and structural features of rGO–CuO nanocomposites are probedby FTIR, XPS, XRD and HRTEM analyses. Photocatalytic potential of rGO–CuO nanocomposites is exploredfor reduction of CO2into the methanol under the visible light irradiation. The breadth of CuO nanorods andthe oxidation state of Cu in the rGO–CuO/Cu2O nanocomposites are systematically varied to investigatetheir photocatalytic activities. The pristine CuO nanorods exhibited very low photocatalytic activity owingto fast recombination of charge carriers and yielded 175 mol g−1methanol, whereas rGO–Cu2O andrGO–CuO exhibited significantly improved photocatalytic activities and yielded five (862 mol g−1) andseven (1228 mol g−1) folds methanol, respectively. The superior photocatalytic activity of CuO in therGO–CuO nanocomposites was attributed to slow recombination of charge carriers and efficient transferof photo-generated electrons through the rGO skeleton. This study further excludes the use of scavengingdonor.
Spatial charge separation on the (110)/(102) facets of cocatalyst-free ZnIn2S...Pawan Kumar
Photorefining of biomass and its derivatives to value-added chemicals is an alternative solution to address the global energy shortage and environmental issues. Herein, efficient and selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF, 91.1% conversion) to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF, 99.4% selectivity) is demonstrated by visible light-driven photocatalysis over cocatalyst-free ZnIn2S4 nanosheets with crystal facet engineering. The spatial accumulation of photogenerated electrons and holes on the (110) and (102) crystal facets triggers a two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e-ORR) for H2O2 generation and HMF oxidation into DFF, respectively. The severe attenuation of photostability is caused by the irreversible photocorrosion of Zn–S with the formation of Zn–O chemical bonds by the formation of ˙OH from the in situ decomposition of H2O2. Spontaneous substitution of oxygen with sulfur has been proven to efficiently improve the photostability of ZnIn2S4. This present work provides insights into improving the durability of ZnIn2S4 and sheds new light on biomass valorization via photorefinery.
Synthesis and characterization of MnO2/rGO nano composite for super capacitorsIRJET Journal
This document summarizes the synthesis and characterization of an MnO2/rGO nanocomposite for use in supercapacitors. Graphene oxide was produced using a modified Hummer's method and then reduced to rGO. MnO2 nanoparticles were prepared using a drop-feeding method and mixed with rGO to form a nanocomposite. The nanocomposite was characterized using various techniques and showed improved capacitance compared to MnO2 alone, with a highest value of 678 F/g measured. The nanocomposite therefore shows promise for supercapacitor applications due to its high specific capacitance.
Chemical modification of lignocellulosic materials by irradiation with Nd-YAG...NabilMabrouk6
1) Nd-YAG laser pulses were used to irradiate samples of lignin, microcrystalline cellulose, and filter paper. Lignin experienced substantial weight loss and degradation upon irradiation, while cellulose samples were unaffected.
2) Irradiation reduced the molecular weight and narrowed the molecular weight distribution of lignin. Smaller lignin fragments with increased phenolic hydroxyl content were produced.
3) Laser treatment provided a simple way to modify lignin properties without using chemical reagents. This technique could allow production of lignin samples with uniform characteristics.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Hydroxyapatite with Agar-Agar Bio-PolymerIJERA Editor
Hydroxyapatite used for bone replacement is one of the most active areas of ceramic biomaterials research currently. It is a desirable implant material due to its biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties. Agar agar is a biological polymer frequently used in tissue engineering and pharmaceutical for potential use in bone replacement. Nano hydroxyapatite was successfully synthesized by wet chemical precipitation method . In this work nHAp/agar composite were synthesized and characterization of the compound were done by using characterization Fourier transform infrared(FTIR), X-ray diffract ration (XRD), Transmission electron microscope(TEM) and Energy dispersive analysis of X-ray spectrum(EDAX).
The document summarizes a study on the oriented interfacial microstructures that form in single fiber polymer composites containing graphene fibers. Graphene oxide fibers were produced via wet spinning and then chemically reduced to graphene fibers. These graphene fibers were embedded in isotactic polypropylene (iPP) matrix and subjected to isothermal melt crystallization. Polarized optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that the iPP crystallizes perpendicularly to the fiber axis, forming a transcrystalline interphase around the graphene fiber. Various factors that influence the transcrystallization process were investigated.
Biological and Medical Applications of Graphene NanoparticlesAI Publications
Graphene which is one of the latest additions to nanocarbon family has peculiar band structure, extraordinary thermal and electronic conductance and room temperature quantum Hall effect. It is used in for various applications in diverse fields ranging from catalysis to electronics. In addition to being components in electronic devices, GO have been used in nanocomposite materials, polymer composite materials, energy storage, biomedical applications, catalysis and as a surfactant with some overlaps between these fields Graphene oxide is a unique material that can be viewed as a single monomolecular layer of graphite with various oxygen containing functionalities such as epoxide, carbonyl, carboxyl and hydroxyl groups.
The project will focus on synthesis of hexagonal structured pure phases of compositions: BaM1/3Ti2/3O3-δ and BaM1/6Ti5/6O3-δ, where M= Sc, In and Fe via different methods such as Solid state sintering and wet chemical route. The ultimate goal is to finding structure – functionality relationships within these proton and mixed conducting systems. A substantial effort will focus on search for and fabrication of new materials although the main part of the work will concentrate on detailed structural characterisation (rietveld refinement), impedance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis.
Sunlight induced removal of Rhodamine B from water through Semiconductor Pho...Hariprasad Narayanan
This document summarizes research on the photocatalytic removal of Rhodamine B dye from water using TiO2 and platinum-deposited TiO2 (Pt/TiO2) under sunlight and UV light. Key findings include:
1) Pt/TiO2 showed around 5 times higher activity than TiO2 alone for degrading Rhodamine B under sunlight, due to Pt extending TiO2's absorption into the visible light range and reducing electron-hole recombination.
2) Over 80% of Rhodamine B was degraded within 4 hours using Pt/TiO2 under sunlight, compared to only around 20% for TiO2 alone.
3) The optimum catalyst loading was 0.1 g/L for
This document summarizes the synthesis and characterization of three titanium-containing metal-organic framework (MOF) photocatalysts: MIL-125, MIL-NH2, and SMIL-NH2. MIL-125 and MIL-NH2 were synthesized via a conventional solvothermal method, while SMIL-NH2 was synthesized using the same method with the addition of a nonionic surfactant. Characterization showed that SMIL-NH2 had a more uniform cylindrical morphology with smaller particle sizes of 50-250 nm and over double the surface area of MIL-NH2. Photocatalytic testing found that under blue LED light, SMIL-NH2 was able to
Nanocrystalline Nickel Zinc Ferrite as an efficient alcohol sensor at room te...IJEAB
In the present communication, nanocrystalline nickel zinc ferrite (NZF) has been successfully synthesized by temperature and spin controlled coprecipitation techinique. The structural and surface morphological characterizations of the sample have been analyzed by means of Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The minimum crystalline size of prepared NZF sample calculated from Scherer’s formula and is found to be 25 nm. FESEM images exhibit the porous nature of the sensing material with a number of active sites. In a comparative study on the sensing characteristics of nanostructured NZF pellet towards three primary alcohols viz. ethanol, propanol and butanol, the maximum sensitivity is found to be nearly 90% for 1000 ppm of the ethanol vapour at room temperature. The sensing response followed the order of ethanol > propanol > butanol with respect to time. The experimental results show that nanostructured NZF is a promising material for alcohol sensor. The sensor responses are quite stable and highly reproducible even at room temperature.
Metal-organic hybrid: Photoreduction of CO2 using graphitic carbon nitride su...Pawan Kumar
A novel heteroleptic iridium complex supported on graphitic carbon nitride was synthesized and used for photoreduction of carbon dioxide under visible light irradiation. The methanol yield obtained after 24 h irradiation was 9934 μmol g−1cat (TON 1241 with respect to Ir) by using triethylamine (TEA) as a sacrificial donor, which was significantly higher as compared to the semiconductor carbon nitride 145 μmol g−1cat under identical conditions. The presence of triethylamine was found to be vital for the higher methanol yield. After the reaction, the photocatalyst could easily be recovered and reused for subsequent six runs without significant loss in photo activity.
Metal-organic hybrid: Photoreduction of CO2 using graphitic carbon nitride su...Pawan Kumar
A novel heteroleptic iridium complex supported on graphitic carbon nitride was synthesized and used
for photoreduction of carbon dioxide under visible light irradiation. The methanol yield obtained after
24 h irradiation was 9934 mmol g1cat (TON 1241 with respect to Ir) by using triethylamine (TEA) as a
sacrificial donor, which was significantly higher as compared to the semiconductor carbon nitride
145 mmol g1cat under identical conditions. The presence of triethylamine was found to be vital for the
higher methanol yield. After the reaction, the photocatalyst could easily be recovered and reused for
subsequent six runs without significant loss in photo activity.
Metal-organic hybrid: Photoreduction of CO2 using graphitic carbon nitride su...Pawan Kumar
A novel heteroleptic iridium complex supported on graphitic carbon nitride was synthesized and used
for photoreduction of carbon dioxide under visible light irradiation. The methanol yield obtained after
24 h irradiation was 9934 mmol g1cat (TON 1241 with respect to Ir) by using triethylamine (TEA) as a
sacrificial donor, which was significantly higher as compared to the semiconductor carbon nitride
145 mmol g1cat under identical conditions. The presence of triethylamine was found to be vital for the
higher methanol yield. After the reaction, the photocatalyst could easily be recovered and reused for
subsequent six runs without significant loss in photo activity.
Graphene oxide immobilized copper phthalocyanine tetrasulphonamide: the first...Pawan Kumar
The first successful synthesis of DMC directly from methanol and carbon dioxide using a heterogenized
homogeneous graphene oxide immobilized copper phthalocyanine tetrasulphonamide catalyst in the
presence of N,N0-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as a dehydrating agent is described. The presence of a
dehydrating agent was found to be vital and in its absence the yield of DMC was found to be decreased
significantly. Under the optimized reaction conditions, the maximum yield of DMC reaches up to 13.3%.
Although the homogeneous copper phthalocyanine tetrasulphonamide catalyst provided a little higher
yield of DMC (14.2%), the facile recovery and recycling ability of the heterogeneous catalyst make the
developed method more attractive from environmental and economical viewpoints.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD57418 | Volume – 7 | Issue – 3 | May-June 2023 Page 606
Gratiphic carbon (g-C3N4) is considered to be the
most stable allotrope among various carbon nitrides
under ambient conditions. The proposed structure of
g-C3N4 is two-dimensional frameworks of tri-s-
triazine connected via tertiary amines, which makes it
possess high stable thermal (up to 600 °C in air) and
chemical stability (against acid, base, and organic
solvents) [12]. Because of their unique size- and
morphology-dependent physical and chemical
properties, Fe3O4 nanoparticle have paid more
attention by world-wide researcher for their potential
applications as magnetic storage, biosensors,
communication materials, magnetic resonance
imaging [13]. The controlled synthesis processes of
Fe3O4 NPs to deliver a desired structure, composition,
and shape control made them be used in various
promising applications.
In recent years, loading the catalysts with magnetic
materials has been used as a new approach for
enhancing catalytic activity, magnetic and
antiphotocorrosion characteristics for effective
recovery and reuse [14, 15]. In the present study,
application the magnetic Fe3O4 cluster spheres/g-
C3N4 applied as a new sonocatalyst for an efficient
H2O2-assisted sonodegradation of three organic dyes
in aqueous solutions were reported. This sonocatalyst
composite was synthesized via simple hydrothermal
method. Methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO)
and rhodamine B (RhB) were employed as organic
dye models for evaluating sonocatalytic activity of
pure Fe3O4 cluster spheres, g-C3N4 and Fe3O4 cluster
spheres/g-C3N4.
2. Experimental
2.1. Synthesis of composites
Pure g-C3N4 powder was prepared using melamine as
a precursor at 550 0
C for 4h in a muffle furnace. The
obtained products were washed several times with de-
ionized water then grounded for further use. The
Fe3O4/g-C3N4 composite was prepared by simple
hydrothermal method. In a typical procedure, a
certain amount of g-C3N4 (0.5g) and Fe(NO3)3·9H2O
(2.04 g ) were dissolved in 60ml of deionized water
under magnetic stirring. The solution was put into a
Teflon-lined autoclave, followed by adding with 10
mL of sodium alginate solution (10 g/L), and 10 ml
KOH (2M). After 30 min ultrasonic treatment, the
mixture was transfered into a Teflon liner of 100mL
capability. The autoclave was sealed and heated at
180℃ for 12h and cooled to room temperature
naturally. The resulting precipitant was recovered by
filtration, followed by washing with distilled water
three times, and drying at 80℃ for 10h.
2.2. Characterization
X-ray diffraction (XRD analysis was carried out an
X-ray powder diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation at
40 kV and 40 mA. The morphology and internal
structure of the prepared samples were further
checked by transmission electron microscopy
(FESEM), using a JEM 2100F electron microscope
operated at a voltage of 200 kV. UV–vis reflectance
spectra of the powder catalysts were recorded by a
Perkin Elmer spectrometer Lambda 35 using an
RSAPE-20 reflectance spectroscopy accessory
(Labsphere Inc., NorthSutton, NH). The PLspectra of
products were measured by a transient fluorescence
spectrometer (Shimadzu RF-5301PC).
2.3. The sonocatalytic degradation
The sonocatalytic degradation experiments were
carried out by measuring the decoloration of dyes
solution. RhB, MB, MO were used as the model
pollutant to evaluate the sonodegradation activity of
the Fe3O4/gC3N4 composites. In a typical process, 0.1
g of Fe3O4/gC3N4 composite was added into 50 mL of
the dye (10mg/L) aqueous solution with countinuous
stirring. Then 0.1ml of the H2O2 aqueous solution
(30%) was added to the reaction solution. The mixed
solution was then placed inside an a EYG-3003 bath
with the frequency fixed at 40 kHz and temperature
range controlled from 25 to 28 ◦
C. About 5ml of the
suspension were collected after a defined time and
centrifuged to remove the catalyst for UV-vis
spectrum measurement.
3. Result and Discussion
3.1. XRD analysis
Fig.1 shows X-ray diffaction pattens of g-C3N4,
Fe3O4 and Fe3O4 clusters/gC3N4 20% wt. The patterns
showed the sharp and intense peaks indicating the
photocatalysts were well crystallized. As shown in the
Fig. 1, all the diffraction peaks and position of pure
Fe3O4 and Fe3O4 clusters/gC3N4 composite can be
indexed to the cubic Fe3O4 (JCPDS 86-1354). The
strong and sharp diffraction peaks signify exbihite the
high crystallinity of Fe3O4 cluster microspheres [16].
The two characteristic peaks of g-C3N4 at 13.28 and
27.33 can be indexed to (100) and (002) diffraction
planes (JCPDS 87-1526). Compared to pure g-C3N4,
it can be seen clearly most peaks for Fe3O4/g-C3N4
indexing to the structure of Fe3O4. The character of g-
C3N4 could not be exposed in the XRD pattern of
Fe3O4/g-C3N4 composite sample could be attributed
by the low adding content and well dispersion of g-
C3N4 powders. However, g-C3N4 can still be found in
the composites due of the appearance of the peak at
26.50
. The results suggests the composites were
formed between g-C3N4 and Fe3O4 cluster spheres.
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
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Fig. 1. XRD pattern of g-C3N4, Fe3O4 and Fe3O4/gC3N4
3.2. SEM analysis
The surface properties of pure cluster sphere Fe3O4 and Fe3O4 clusrter spheres/g-C3N4 composite catalyst was
observed using SEM method. The obtained results are shown in Fig. 2. As depicted in Fig. 2a, the as-prepared
product is composed of a large quantity of well-dispersed microspherical particles. These particles have uniform
size and shape, most of which are spheres of 300-500 nm. In addition, the SEM image of spherical particles
reveal that these Fe3O4 particles are colloidal nanocrystal clusters with a hierarchical architecture, and were built
up from many single crystallites of approximately 30-40 nm in size. The average crystallite size observed from
the SEM image, which are consistent with the calculation result from the XRD pattern. In particular, it can be
seen products are composed of nanocrystal pieces by the ordered assembly. As depicted in Fig. 2b, the
characteristic lamellar layered and planar structure can be obtained for the pure g-C3N4 . From Fig. 2c, it is seen
that when Fe3O4 clusters were modified with the g-C3N4, the surface of the samples became less rough. It can be
attributed to covering the surface of Fe3O4 by g-C3N4 particles. The accommodation of g-C3N4 on the surface of
Fe3O4 lead to the formation of a tight heterostructure. In this case, two phases of g-C3N4 and Fe3O4 are clearly
seen and close contact to form an intimate interface [17-19]. It is found that cavitations created in sonochemical
technique play an important role in the preparation of heterostructure materials. This can promote the formation
of the stable hybrid structure between g-C3N4 and Fe3O4 composite [20].
Fig. 2. SEM image of Fe3O4 cluster spheres (a); g-C3N4 (b), and Fe3O4/g-C3N4 composites (c)
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
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3.3. Sonocatalytic degradation of dye
The sonocatalytic activity of the Fe3O4/g-C3N4 catalysts were evaluated through the degradation of RhB, MB,
MO in the presence of H2O2 with ultrasonic irradiation. The results of sonocatalytic activities of the samples
prepared at different conditions are shown in Fig. 3. No dye degradation can be observed without catalytic. The
sonocatalytic activity of the cluster Fe3O4/g-C3N4 composite are further examinated by comparison with that of
pure two-component. Compared with sonolysis/H2O2, the higher degradation of dyes were achieved via
sonocatalytic process. The degradation efficiency of sonolysis/H2O2, sonocatalysis using g-C3N4/H2O2,
Fe3O4/H2O2, Fe3O4/g-C3N4/H2O2 systems was 3%, 64%, 22 % and 96.5% within reaction time of 150 min for
RhB, respectively. Cluster Fe3O4/g-C3N4 composite show much more efficient than pure cluster sphere Fe3O4
and pure g-C3N4 (Fig. 3a). The sonocatalytic processes for MB and MO degradation show the same results as
depicted in Fig. 3b and Fig. 3c.
Fig. 3. The dye sono-degradation with different catalysts: (a) RhB degradation; (b) MB degradation;
(c) MO degradation
The excellent sonocatalytic activity of cluster sphere Fe3O4/g-C3N4 composite can be ascribed to their high
crystalline, morphology and hibrid structure. The chemical effect of sonolysis eventuates in a phenomena known
as the acoustic cavitation that involves generation, growth and collapse of the microbubbles that are created as a
result of ultrasound crossing through the aquatic medium [21]. The final outcome of this process is the
fabrication hot spots that exposes high pressure and temperature on the catalyst surface. These hot spots result in
the appropriate conditions to active and dissociate H2O molecules. As the result, the strong oxidizing agents and
the •OH reactive radicals are formed continuously [22]. The accelerating impact of the heterogeneous catalyst
could be explained by the synergy effect between the ultrasonic irradiation and the catalyst. Therefore, these
composites with a hybrid structure would result in an electric field at the interface, then improving the
sonocatalytic activity.
5. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
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To investigate the stability of the Fe3O4/g-C3N4 composites, the recycle tests were conducted in the oxidation
process under ultrasonic irradiation. The results reveal that the as-obtained composite was easily collected by an
internal magnet and dyes removal effective has no significant change during the 4th successive cycles, indicating
the high stability of the composite (Fig. 5). The chracteristic plays a very important role in application for water
treatment at industry scale. The high sonocatalytic activity, the stability and the easily separation suggest that the
Fe3O4/g-C3N4 can be promising candidates for the dyes removal application.
Fig. 5. The stability of the Bi/g-C3N4 composites after 4 recycles
4. Conclusion
Magnetic separable Fe3O4/g-C3N4 composite was
successfully prepared by simple hydrothermal
process. The results showed that Fe3O4/g-C3N4
composite with added 20% g-C3N4 revealed the high
sonocatalytic activity for RhB, MB and MO
degradation. The improved sonocatalytic activity of
as-prepared Fe3O4/g-C3N4 can be ascribed to their
mophology and hibrid structure. The structure of g-
C3N4 and Fe3O4 is suitable for adsorption ultrasonic
while comparing to a physical mixture of two-
component. In addition, these composites with a
hybrid structure would form an flexible electric field
at the interface, then improving the sonocatalytic
activity. On other hand, the integration of H2O2 and
catalyst dosage also are factor that enhacing the
sonocatalytic degradation of dyes. Specially, Fe3O4/g-
C3N4 can be collected easily by using an external
magnetic field and exposed the high stability after 4
recycles. These properties of the Fe3O4 cluster
sphere/g-C3N4 composites could be a promising
sonocatalyst for the degradation dye contaminants.
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