This document discusses the key considerations for designing large-scale solar PV systems. It covers selecting appropriate module, inverter and mounting technologies based on factors like efficiency, temperature coefficient, and warranty. Layout is important to minimize shading effects using optimal tilt angle, orientation and inter-row spacing. The electrical design section explains sizing PV arrays and strings, inverters, cables, switchgear, transformers and setting up the substation for metering and monitoring. The document emphasizes optimizing the overall system design to reduce losses and balance annual energy yield with economic returns.
Tarec in renewable energy - pv intro eng v1.1frankjoh
The document provides information on solar energy systems and solar panels. It discusses how solar panels work by absorbing sunlight and converting it to electricity. It also covers prerequisites for installing solar panels on roofs, including roof size, angle, and structural capacity. Additionally, it describes grid-connected solar systems and components like inverters. Integrating electric vehicles and vehicle-to-grid charging is also presented as a way to optimize energy use from solar production.
Tarec in renewable energy - pv intro eng v1.0frankjoh
The document provides information on solar energy systems and solar panels. It discusses how solar panels work by absorbing sunlight and converting it to electricity. It also covers prerequisites for installing solar panels on roofs, including roof size, angle, and structural capacity. Additionally, it describes grid-connected solar systems and components like inverters. Integrating electric vehicles and vehicle-to-grid charging is also presented as a way to optimize energy use from solar production.
FirstGreen Consulting is a company working in the area of renewable energy, energy efficiency and climate change
The team has extensive experience in handling the Renewable, and energy efficiency projects
FirstGreen is providing energy sector consultancy in the sustainable energy, with expertise ranging from carbon advisory to technical consulting, to project implementation and project management.
The document proposes a 10 KWp rooftop solar PV system for a site in New Delhi, India. It would include 50 200-watt solar panels producing an estimated annual output of 14.75 MWh. A single 10 KW inverter would connect the system to the local grid. Mounting structures made of galvanized steel would support the panels at a 30 degree tilt and be fixed into concrete foundations. Electrical components like cables and junction boxes are also specified.
This document provides information on the design, installation, and maintenance of a photovoltaic (PV) solar system. It discusses topics such as net metering, site assessments, permits required, factors that impact production, protection systems, installation processes, inspections, and monitoring of the system. The document also includes a sample 100kW project timeline laying out the key milestones of the project.
Performance paramter and suggestion to optizing the performnce of grid connec...Ashish Verma
performance evaluation of Solar PV plant ,in term of technology , financial investment , research and development is very important for growth of Solar PV Industry .
This presentation is from Solar-Driven Asia, a leading company in renewable energy technologies, on their vision, mission, experience and solar products. Their vision is to be a leading provider of environmental friendly technologies through research and development of clean energy solutions. Their mission is to create technologies that lower greenhouse gas emissions, utilize renewable energy and improve efficiency. They have experience installing various solar and wind power systems across Asia. They provide full solar energy solutions from design and installation to maintenance. Their solar products include systems for buildings, street lamps and LED lighting tailored for tropical climates.
This document discusses the key considerations for designing large-scale solar PV systems. It covers selecting appropriate module, inverter and mounting technologies based on factors like efficiency, temperature coefficient, and warranty. Layout is important to minimize shading effects using optimal tilt angle, orientation and inter-row spacing. The electrical design section explains sizing PV arrays and strings, inverters, cables, switchgear, transformers and setting up the substation for metering and monitoring. The document emphasizes optimizing the overall system design to reduce losses and balance annual energy yield with economic returns.
Tarec in renewable energy - pv intro eng v1.1frankjoh
The document provides information on solar energy systems and solar panels. It discusses how solar panels work by absorbing sunlight and converting it to electricity. It also covers prerequisites for installing solar panels on roofs, including roof size, angle, and structural capacity. Additionally, it describes grid-connected solar systems and components like inverters. Integrating electric vehicles and vehicle-to-grid charging is also presented as a way to optimize energy use from solar production.
Tarec in renewable energy - pv intro eng v1.0frankjoh
The document provides information on solar energy systems and solar panels. It discusses how solar panels work by absorbing sunlight and converting it to electricity. It also covers prerequisites for installing solar panels on roofs, including roof size, angle, and structural capacity. Additionally, it describes grid-connected solar systems and components like inverters. Integrating electric vehicles and vehicle-to-grid charging is also presented as a way to optimize energy use from solar production.
FirstGreen Consulting is a company working in the area of renewable energy, energy efficiency and climate change
The team has extensive experience in handling the Renewable, and energy efficiency projects
FirstGreen is providing energy sector consultancy in the sustainable energy, with expertise ranging from carbon advisory to technical consulting, to project implementation and project management.
The document proposes a 10 KWp rooftop solar PV system for a site in New Delhi, India. It would include 50 200-watt solar panels producing an estimated annual output of 14.75 MWh. A single 10 KW inverter would connect the system to the local grid. Mounting structures made of galvanized steel would support the panels at a 30 degree tilt and be fixed into concrete foundations. Electrical components like cables and junction boxes are also specified.
This document provides information on the design, installation, and maintenance of a photovoltaic (PV) solar system. It discusses topics such as net metering, site assessments, permits required, factors that impact production, protection systems, installation processes, inspections, and monitoring of the system. The document also includes a sample 100kW project timeline laying out the key milestones of the project.
Performance paramter and suggestion to optizing the performnce of grid connec...Ashish Verma
performance evaluation of Solar PV plant ,in term of technology , financial investment , research and development is very important for growth of Solar PV Industry .
This presentation is from Solar-Driven Asia, a leading company in renewable energy technologies, on their vision, mission, experience and solar products. Their vision is to be a leading provider of environmental friendly technologies through research and development of clean energy solutions. Their mission is to create technologies that lower greenhouse gas emissions, utilize renewable energy and improve efficiency. They have experience installing various solar and wind power systems across Asia. They provide full solar energy solutions from design and installation to maintenance. Their solar products include systems for buildings, street lamps and LED lighting tailored for tropical climates.
Solar PV technologies can be used for both off-grid and grid-connected applications. There are two main types of solar PV modules: crystalline silicon modules made from sliced wafers, and thin film modules made by depositing a semiconductor onto a substrate. Crystalline silicon is generally more efficient but also more expensive than thin film technologies. The performance of solar PV systems is affected by factors like module degradation over time, inverter efficiency, use of tracking systems, and weather conditions. Key metrics for evaluating solar PV plant performance include the performance ratio, capacity factor, and specific yield.
What is the working principle of solar powered led pathway lightsFreya Bbier
The document discusses the working principles of solar powered LED pathway lights. It explains that solar cells convert sunlight into electrical energy during the day which is stored in a battery. At night, the battery powers LED lights. It provides advantages such as safety, energy savings, convenience and environmental protection. The document also discusses improvements that can be made to circuitry and battery management to improve efficiency and reliability.
The document discusses the major components of photovoltaic (PV) solar systems, including PV modules, batteries, inverters, and other equipment used to convert sunlight to electricity and integrate the systems. It describes standalone systems that operate independent of the electric grid as well as grid-tied systems that supply power to the utility network. The key components, configurations, and functions of PV arrays, energy storage, power conditioning equipment, and balance-of-system components are identified and explained.
Maximizing Power Production for Small Commercial Projectsallearthrenewables
For any project, return on investment is key, but this is especially true for small commercial projects, where getting the most bang for your buck is essential. The key is reframing your thinking: it’s not just about traditional measures of cost like dollar per watt. Thinking about production capacity, and your dollar per kilowatt-hour, will yield a much better picture of how your project will return–and how you can meet your bottom line.
In this webinar, we’ll take you through the key steps for maximizing your power production in small commercial projects, including choosing panels that will give you more power for your money, how to site effectively to ensure you’re capturing as much sunlight as possible throughout the day, and thinking beyond fixed-mount systems to systems that follow the sun to increase your production by up to 40%.
This document is a corporate presentation for MicroSun Solar, a leading manufacturer of solar photovoltaic modules in India. It summarizes that MicroSun has been in business since 2007, has a 150MW annual module manufacturing facility, over 200 dealers and distributors, and 50,000+ satisfied customers. It promotes MicroSun's vision of accelerating solar adoption to provide sustainable energy and lists their product lines which include solar modules, water pumping systems, and rooftop projects.
Data sheet of 80W vertical solar street light for 10 meters poleEcho Kuang
Do you want to get something different for your projects? Have you ever heard vertical solar street light? do you know where is the solar module on this vertical solar street light? Pls feel free to contact us if you are interested in this new design! Email: sales12@auroraslighting.com / wechat: +86 13600022416
This document provides an overview of solar technology basics. It discusses the definition of solar panels and how they work by generating electricity from sunlight using silicon cells with no moving parts. It then outlines the different technology options for solar power at different temperature ranges, including photovoltaic modules that directly convert sunlight to electricity using different silicon technologies or thin film approaches. The document concludes by discussing solar thermal systems, which convert solar energy to heat for applications like cooking, water heating, and power generation using solar collectors.
ForesightPower provides complete solar street lighting systems that combine advanced solar, LED lighting and control technologies with high quality street light poles and industry leading warranties and support.
In addition to solar street lighting systems, ForesightPower offers global installation and technical support services. This includes on-site training, site assessment, design simulation software, planning and permitting.
The document summarizes Lovit Sawhney's internship at Jakson Engg. Ltd., focusing on solar power generation. It provides information on different types of solar cells and solar power systems, including grid-tied and off-grid systems. It also describes the manufacturing process at Jakson, including production of solar panels, inverters, mounting structures, and quality control testing. Finally, it discusses India's growing solar capacity and the expected future role of solar power in electricity generation.
NICE is a new module technology developed by Apollon Solar that uses glass-glass encapsulation without the need for soldering or adhesives. It provides reliable, high performance modules through a simpler production process. Apollon Solar has partnered with Energy Industrie in Tunisia to build a 30 MW production line. Testing shows the NICE modules experience very low degradation and passed IEC certification. Development continues on bifacial and busbar-free cell versions to further improve yields.
CSUN Solar is a global tier 1 solar cell and PV module supplier founded in 2004 in Nanjing, China. It has 1,600 employees worldwide, 6 manufacturing campuses, and an annual capacity of 2 GW as of 2016. The company has shipped over 4 GW of modules since 2007. It has manufacturing facilities in China, Turkey, South Korea, Vietnam, and the US, and focuses on high efficiency mono-PERC and polycrystalline solar cells and modules through advanced robotic production lines.
Photovoltaic Training - Session 4 - Plant MaintenanceLeonardo ENERGY
Importance of good maintenance procedure in the plant operation.
•
Components to be maintained.
o
PV Panel.
o
Inverter.
o
Transformer.
o
Solar tracker.
o
Cabinet.
•
Types of maintenance
o
Corrective maintenance.
o
Preventive Maintenance.
•
Supplies.
o
Critical elements.
o
Guarantees.
•
Management of spare parts and stock.
•
Types of inspections and reach
o
Visual inspections.
o
Deep inspections.
o
Frequency of revisions.
The document describes a proposed 3.432 MW solar carport project at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The carport would cover 125m by 208m of parking area with steel supports and partially transparent solar modules, providing shade for 880 parking spaces. It would generate an estimated annual yield of 5.491 MWh to power university air conditioners, LED lighting, and street lights. Specialized glass-glass modules and inverters are selected to withstand the region's high temperatures and radiation levels over a 30-year project lifetime.
The document is a product brochure for a solar street light system from Suzhou Yinhe Illumination Equipment Co. It includes:
- A brief introduction to solar street lights and how they work using solar energy to power LED lights for 8-10 hours per day.
- Descriptions of the key product features like energy savings, low installation and maintenance costs, and applicability for remote areas.
- Specifications and details for the system components including the solar panels, batteries, LED lights, and intelligent controller.
- Information on customizing the system configuration and components to best suit different projects and locations.
LISTEN Technology Co., Ltd. is a professional LED lighting manufacturer in Guangdong, China, specialized in producing all in one solar street light, led street light, led down light, led highbay light, led flood light and other LED lighting fixtures. www.cnlisten.com / julie@cnlisten.com
This document outlines the features and process for using solar PV system design software. The software was developed by the University of Geneva and can analyze meteorological data, design grid-connected or standalone solar PV systems, import module and inverter data from databases, perform shadow analysis using 3D models, and export results. The document provides step-by-step instructions for importing location details, meteorological data, designing the system orientation and components, accounting for losses, running simulations, and viewing results.
This hybrid LED street lighting system uses both solar and wind energy sources to provide zero-cost energy. The system is self-contained and low maintenance, consisting of energy generators, efficient LED lights, energy storage batteries, and a microchip controller assembled onto a street pole. It provides a bright and reliable lighting solution that is suitable for remote areas not connected to the electric grid.
This document provides an overview of hybrid electric vehicle batteries. It discusses different battery types including lead-acid, nickel-based, and lithium-based batteries. It covers battery pack design considerations like noise factors, vibration exposure, and thermal management. The document also describes the construction, working, comparison, and selection of different battery types. Key energy storage technologies are classified and compared based on power output and energy consumption.
This document provides information on solar technology options for water heating and electricity generation. It summarizes that solar water heating uses solar energy to heat water for taps through solar collectors, while solar electricity uses photovoltaic panels to generate electricity. It then describes the key components of solar water heating and photovoltaic systems, outlining technologies like flat plate and evacuated tube collectors for heating, and explaining grid-tied, backup and off-grid systems for electricity. It highlights the company Soladi's double-jacket solar water heaters and their solar power stations, noting payback periods of 2-3 years for systems.
Solar PV technologies can be used for both off-grid and grid-connected applications. There are two main types of solar PV modules: crystalline silicon modules made from sliced wafers, and thin film modules made by depositing a semiconductor onto a substrate. Crystalline silicon is generally more efficient but also more expensive than thin film technologies. The performance of solar PV systems is affected by factors like module degradation over time, inverter efficiency, use of tracking systems, and weather conditions. Key metrics for evaluating solar PV plant performance include the performance ratio, capacity factor, and specific yield.
What is the working principle of solar powered led pathway lightsFreya Bbier
The document discusses the working principles of solar powered LED pathway lights. It explains that solar cells convert sunlight into electrical energy during the day which is stored in a battery. At night, the battery powers LED lights. It provides advantages such as safety, energy savings, convenience and environmental protection. The document also discusses improvements that can be made to circuitry and battery management to improve efficiency and reliability.
The document discusses the major components of photovoltaic (PV) solar systems, including PV modules, batteries, inverters, and other equipment used to convert sunlight to electricity and integrate the systems. It describes standalone systems that operate independent of the electric grid as well as grid-tied systems that supply power to the utility network. The key components, configurations, and functions of PV arrays, energy storage, power conditioning equipment, and balance-of-system components are identified and explained.
Maximizing Power Production for Small Commercial Projectsallearthrenewables
For any project, return on investment is key, but this is especially true for small commercial projects, where getting the most bang for your buck is essential. The key is reframing your thinking: it’s not just about traditional measures of cost like dollar per watt. Thinking about production capacity, and your dollar per kilowatt-hour, will yield a much better picture of how your project will return–and how you can meet your bottom line.
In this webinar, we’ll take you through the key steps for maximizing your power production in small commercial projects, including choosing panels that will give you more power for your money, how to site effectively to ensure you’re capturing as much sunlight as possible throughout the day, and thinking beyond fixed-mount systems to systems that follow the sun to increase your production by up to 40%.
This document is a corporate presentation for MicroSun Solar, a leading manufacturer of solar photovoltaic modules in India. It summarizes that MicroSun has been in business since 2007, has a 150MW annual module manufacturing facility, over 200 dealers and distributors, and 50,000+ satisfied customers. It promotes MicroSun's vision of accelerating solar adoption to provide sustainable energy and lists their product lines which include solar modules, water pumping systems, and rooftop projects.
Data sheet of 80W vertical solar street light for 10 meters poleEcho Kuang
Do you want to get something different for your projects? Have you ever heard vertical solar street light? do you know where is the solar module on this vertical solar street light? Pls feel free to contact us if you are interested in this new design! Email: sales12@auroraslighting.com / wechat: +86 13600022416
This document provides an overview of solar technology basics. It discusses the definition of solar panels and how they work by generating electricity from sunlight using silicon cells with no moving parts. It then outlines the different technology options for solar power at different temperature ranges, including photovoltaic modules that directly convert sunlight to electricity using different silicon technologies or thin film approaches. The document concludes by discussing solar thermal systems, which convert solar energy to heat for applications like cooking, water heating, and power generation using solar collectors.
ForesightPower provides complete solar street lighting systems that combine advanced solar, LED lighting and control technologies with high quality street light poles and industry leading warranties and support.
In addition to solar street lighting systems, ForesightPower offers global installation and technical support services. This includes on-site training, site assessment, design simulation software, planning and permitting.
The document summarizes Lovit Sawhney's internship at Jakson Engg. Ltd., focusing on solar power generation. It provides information on different types of solar cells and solar power systems, including grid-tied and off-grid systems. It also describes the manufacturing process at Jakson, including production of solar panels, inverters, mounting structures, and quality control testing. Finally, it discusses India's growing solar capacity and the expected future role of solar power in electricity generation.
NICE is a new module technology developed by Apollon Solar that uses glass-glass encapsulation without the need for soldering or adhesives. It provides reliable, high performance modules through a simpler production process. Apollon Solar has partnered with Energy Industrie in Tunisia to build a 30 MW production line. Testing shows the NICE modules experience very low degradation and passed IEC certification. Development continues on bifacial and busbar-free cell versions to further improve yields.
CSUN Solar is a global tier 1 solar cell and PV module supplier founded in 2004 in Nanjing, China. It has 1,600 employees worldwide, 6 manufacturing campuses, and an annual capacity of 2 GW as of 2016. The company has shipped over 4 GW of modules since 2007. It has manufacturing facilities in China, Turkey, South Korea, Vietnam, and the US, and focuses on high efficiency mono-PERC and polycrystalline solar cells and modules through advanced robotic production lines.
Photovoltaic Training - Session 4 - Plant MaintenanceLeonardo ENERGY
Importance of good maintenance procedure in the plant operation.
•
Components to be maintained.
o
PV Panel.
o
Inverter.
o
Transformer.
o
Solar tracker.
o
Cabinet.
•
Types of maintenance
o
Corrective maintenance.
o
Preventive Maintenance.
•
Supplies.
o
Critical elements.
o
Guarantees.
•
Management of spare parts and stock.
•
Types of inspections and reach
o
Visual inspections.
o
Deep inspections.
o
Frequency of revisions.
The document describes a proposed 3.432 MW solar carport project at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The carport would cover 125m by 208m of parking area with steel supports and partially transparent solar modules, providing shade for 880 parking spaces. It would generate an estimated annual yield of 5.491 MWh to power university air conditioners, LED lighting, and street lights. Specialized glass-glass modules and inverters are selected to withstand the region's high temperatures and radiation levels over a 30-year project lifetime.
The document is a product brochure for a solar street light system from Suzhou Yinhe Illumination Equipment Co. It includes:
- A brief introduction to solar street lights and how they work using solar energy to power LED lights for 8-10 hours per day.
- Descriptions of the key product features like energy savings, low installation and maintenance costs, and applicability for remote areas.
- Specifications and details for the system components including the solar panels, batteries, LED lights, and intelligent controller.
- Information on customizing the system configuration and components to best suit different projects and locations.
LISTEN Technology Co., Ltd. is a professional LED lighting manufacturer in Guangdong, China, specialized in producing all in one solar street light, led street light, led down light, led highbay light, led flood light and other LED lighting fixtures. www.cnlisten.com / julie@cnlisten.com
This document outlines the features and process for using solar PV system design software. The software was developed by the University of Geneva and can analyze meteorological data, design grid-connected or standalone solar PV systems, import module and inverter data from databases, perform shadow analysis using 3D models, and export results. The document provides step-by-step instructions for importing location details, meteorological data, designing the system orientation and components, accounting for losses, running simulations, and viewing results.
This hybrid LED street lighting system uses both solar and wind energy sources to provide zero-cost energy. The system is self-contained and low maintenance, consisting of energy generators, efficient LED lights, energy storage batteries, and a microchip controller assembled onto a street pole. It provides a bright and reliable lighting solution that is suitable for remote areas not connected to the electric grid.
This document provides an overview of hybrid electric vehicle batteries. It discusses different battery types including lead-acid, nickel-based, and lithium-based batteries. It covers battery pack design considerations like noise factors, vibration exposure, and thermal management. The document also describes the construction, working, comparison, and selection of different battery types. Key energy storage technologies are classified and compared based on power output and energy consumption.
This document provides information on solar technology options for water heating and electricity generation. It summarizes that solar water heating uses solar energy to heat water for taps through solar collectors, while solar electricity uses photovoltaic panels to generate electricity. It then describes the key components of solar water heating and photovoltaic systems, outlining technologies like flat plate and evacuated tube collectors for heating, and explaining grid-tied, backup and off-grid systems for electricity. It highlights the company Soladi's double-jacket solar water heaters and their solar power stations, noting payback periods of 2-3 years for systems.
1) The document discusses various opportunities for saving energy in electric motors, including improving power supply quality, proper motor sizing and loading, power factor correction, regular maintenance, and avoiding underloading.
2) It also discusses energy efficient techniques for transformers, such as using amorphous metal cores, and for lighting controls, including occupancy sensors, timed controls, daylight linking, and localized switching.
3) Implementing best practices around motor operation and maintenance, using efficient transformer designs, and installing advanced lighting controls can significantly reduce energy losses and improve efficiency.
An Overview of Photovoltaic Systems or PV Systems. This PPT outlines what a solar systems is and what it is consisted of. From solar panels to charge controller to deep cycle batteries to the inverter.
The document provides an introduction and overview of solar PV systems. It discusses the key components of solar PV systems including solar panels, batteries, charge controllers, and inverters. It explains how solar panels convert sunlight into electricity and the factors that affect their performance. The document also outlines the different types of solar systems including grid-tied, off-grid, and hybrid systems. Safety considerations and proper wiring of the various components are also addressed.
Solar Talk Show at BIG-5 Solar Exhibition, DubaiIam Vinod Tiwari
"Achieving Energy Independence with Off-grid, Battery-based Solar Energy Systems" A Presentation by Vinod Tiwari at 'Dubai World Trade Center' in November 2017.
Persistent Energy is developing a low-cost solar concentrator to harness solar energy. The concentrator uses flat composite reflectors that are lighter, stronger, and less expensive than glass. It can be mass produced and assembled on-site. The concentrator increases solar collection efficiency compared to fixed panels and can power various applications like water heating, greenhouses, and aquaculture. Persistent Energy seeks funding to commercialize the technology and create manufacturing jobs.
The Balance of System (BOS) refers to all the components of a photovoltaic system other than the solar panels. This includes wiring, inverters, batteries, mounting structures, and other equipment needed to convert solar energy to usable electricity and integrate it with the electrical grid or other end use. BOS components control and store the electricity generated by solar modules.
The document discusses India's Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission and solar photovoltaics. It aims to promote solar energy to address India's energy security and contribute to climate change efforts. Solar PV systems can generate electricity anywhere and be scaled from small devices to power plants. The document outlines the components of solar PV systems including panels, inverters, charge controllers and standards. It also discusses solar resources and potential in India.
A photovoltaic (PV) system converts sunlight into electricity using solar panels made of semiconductor materials. The basic components are solar cells, which make up modules, which then make up solar arrays. A PV system will have an array, an inverter to convert DC to AC power, and can include battery storage. Key factors in selecting modules include efficiency, cost, size and mounting characteristics. Proper site selection considers factors like solar access, shading, tilt angle, and wind and weather conditions. Permissions are required and the system must be installed safely according to electrical codes.
IRJET-Investigation on Solar Power System for Residential BuildingIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an investigation into using a solar power system for a residential building. It discusses that solar panels can harness sunlight and convert it into electricity. The key advantages are that solar energy is renewable, can reduce electricity bills, and has low maintenance costs. However, the initial costs are high, it is weather dependent, and solar energy storage is expensive. It provides steps for maintaining a solar power system, including cleaning panels regularly and checking electrical connections. It also outlines the basic components of a solar power system and considerations for wiring solar panels to batteries and locating equipment.
Microgrids, Electric Vehicles and Wireless ChargingJeffrey Funk
These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to analyze how electric vehicles will become economic feasible if the right design decisions are made to benefit from the falling costs of electronics. One key decision is the use of micro-grids to enable direct charging of the batteries, which is more efficient. A second key decision is the number of recharging stations and thus the frequency by which users can recharge their vehicles. More frequent recharging means smaller batteries can be used and thus the slow rate of improvements for energy storage densities can be overcome. A third key decision is wired vs. wireless charging. Wireless charging eliminates the time consuming maintenance and fitting problems of wires and thus enables faster hookups. It also benefits from the rapidly falling cost of electronics; the falling cost of ICs, power electronics, and thin-film coils means that wireless charging is likely to become economically feasible in the near future and allow the problem of low energy storage densities of batteries to be solved.
The document provides information about solar electricity basics and hands-on regional conferences presented by the EWB-USA Energy Standing Content Committee. It summarizes common solar applications like lighting, water pumping, and household electricity supply. It then discusses the solar resource, components like modules, batteries, and inverters. Best practices and additional resources from the ESCC are also mentioned, including guidelines, a blog, and options for consultation. The overall purpose is to educate about basic solar photovoltaic system design and applications.
This document discusses thermal issues related to electric vehicle batteries and various thermal management techniques. It begins by explaining how battery temperature greatly impacts performance, safety, reliability and lifespan. It then reviews common thermal management options for electric vehicle batteries including using air or liquid for heating and cooling. The document also discusses techniques for improving battery life such as standby thermal management while the vehicle is plugged in and thermal preconditioning of the battery and cabin before driving. The tradeoff between thermal management and thermal comfort is also noted.
This document provides a practical guide on using thermography for inspecting photovoltaic plants. Thermography allows for non-contact inspection and can detect issues like hotspots caused by faulty cells, modules, or connections. It is useful for quality control, maintenance and identifying problems. The ideal thermal imager for this application has a high infrared resolution, good thermal sensitivity, interchangeable lenses, and features like a rotating display to facilitate inspection from different angles. Thermography can find issues, help ensure plant performance, and support warranty claims and insurance assessments. Regular inspections using thermography are recommended to maintain plant efficiency over the long term.
Similar to Solar talks at Big5 Solar Exhibition at DWTC (20)
Software Engineering and Project Management - Software Testing + Agile Method...Prakhyath Rai
Software Testing: A Strategic Approach to Software Testing, Strategic Issues, Test Strategies for Conventional Software, Test Strategies for Object -Oriented Software, Validation Testing, System Testing, The Art of Debugging.
Agile Methodology: Before Agile – Waterfall, Agile Development.
Digital Twins Computer Networking Paper Presentation.pptxaryanpankaj78
A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
AI for Legal Research with applications, toolsmahaffeycheryld
AI applications in legal research include rapid document analysis, case law review, and statute interpretation. AI-powered tools can sift through vast legal databases to find relevant precedents and citations, enhancing research accuracy and speed. They assist in legal writing by drafting and proofreading documents. Predictive analytics help foresee case outcomes based on historical data, aiding in strategic decision-making. AI also automates routine tasks like contract review and due diligence, freeing up lawyers to focus on complex legal issues. These applications make legal research more efficient, cost-effective, and accessible.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
4. Mosca vol I -Fisica-Tipler-5ta-Edicion-Vol-1.pdf
Solar talks at Big5 Solar Exhibition at DWTC
1. Optimizing PV, Inverter and Storage Capacity
to Create a Compelling Value Proposition
Vinod Tiwari
Director (Renewable Power Solutions) – TELECTRON
2. Optimizing PV, Inverter and Storage Capacity to
Create a Compelling Value Proposition
Photo Courtesy: iSELECT
3. Optimizing PV, Inverter and Storage Capacity to
Create a Compelling Value Proposition
Optimizing of Solar Power System is VERY important to create VALUE proposition
It can be achieved by following 3 BEST practices:-
1. Choosing BEST Technology and Specification
2. Designing and Sizing the BEST solution
3. Making the BEST Installation and Maintenance
The presentation is made to optimize major components used for Off-Grid type Solution
Storage device – Battery,
Inverter/Charge Controller,
Photovoltaic Solar
4. BEST -Technology and Specification: BATTERY
Majorly available Battery Technologies are based on electrolyte involved:-
• Lead Acid : Good, Less Cost, Reliable & proven technology
• Nickel cadmium : Good, Moderate Cost, less foot print, proven technology
• Lithium Ion : Good , High cost, very less foot print, new technology
Lead acid battery can be classified into two types based on technology construction-wise:-
• Flooded type (Top up required)
• VRLA type (Maintenance free)
VRLA Maintenance free batteries further can be classified into two types based on separators:-
• AGM type (Absorbed Glass Mat) and GEL type (Gelified Electrolyte)
Photo Courtesy: GNB Exide
5. For Solar Application - AGM/ GEL type - Deep cycle batteries are preferred :-
• Excellent Cycling performance – 1200 - 3000+ cycles at 60% Depth of Discharge
• Strong tubular plate technology – for longer life in the toughest conditions
• Proof against deep discharge – Greater long term energy delivery
• Robust design – resilient in harsh conditions
• Maintenance free - No electrolyte topping up required
• Horizontal/Vertical Mounting possible – Easy installation and less footprint
• Globally recyclable design – Low CO2 footprint
• Lowest Energy Consumption – Saving Costs
BEST -Technology and Specification: BATTERY
Photo Courtesy: GNB Exide
6. BEST – Designing and Sizing: BATTERY
IEEE 485 provides general guidelines for sizing battery for Stationary Applications:-
• DOD (Depth of discharge) - The measure of how deep a battery has been discharged.
Maximum DOD for a typical lead acid cell is 80% and maximum SOC is assumed to be 20%
• Temperature Correction - As temperature decreases the capacity of a cell decreases (and vice
versa). Manufacturers quote cell capacity at a given temperature and appropriate correction
factors. Temperature correction factor is required to ensure capacity match the load.
• Aging Factor - Battery performance is relatively stable through out its life, dropping of rapidly
towards the end. To ensure the battery can meet design load requirements, initial capacity
must be used as 125% of the design capacity.
• Autonomy - The term autonomy means the number of days a battery bank can provide the
load/appliances connected to the system without recharged by the solar panels. The general
rule for days of autonomy is 2 to 3 days for non-critical loads and 5 to 7 days for critical loads.
Photo Courtesy: GNB Exide
7. BEST – Installation and Maintenance: BATTERY
• Proper housing - Make sure your batteries are housed in a safe, easily accessible place.
Most batteries require an enclosure that is lockable, sealed, insulated and vented.
• Interconnections - Solar batteries do come with bus bars for inter-cell connections, but
most battery banks need cables for series and parallel connections. Cables should be large
enough to handle maximum continuous Amps.
• Temperature - Battery voltage is temp-sensitive, and you’ll need to ensure that batteries
are not overcharged when they are hot and not undercharged when they are cold. Most
chargers have remote temperature sensor.
• Charging Specs – Under/ Overcharging is one of the common factor to shorten the
battery life. Undercharging can cause sulfate crystals to build up on the plates, reducing
the battery’s capacity and shorten life. Overcharging leads to excessive gassing, lowered
electrolyte level (cannot be replaced in VRLA ), wear/tear of internal plates.
Photo Courtesy: GNB Exide
8. BEST – Installation and Maintenance: BATTERY
• Regular Maintenance - Even if a battery bank is working well performing, routine
maintenance can prevent future problems. All batteries should be thoroughly inspected
at least once or twice annually. The cases and terminals should be kept clean and
corrosion-free. Also check the terminal connections and inspect the battery cables for any
loose crimps. Recoat terminals with thin layer of anticorrosion.
• Recording - One of the best ways to track your batteries health is to keep regular, precise
records. During your maintenance checks, measure individual battery or cell voltages.
Ideally, readings should be taken after the batteries have been at rest for 12 to 24 hours
and are fully charged. These checks can alert you to bad cells or let you know, if the entire
bank may be on its way out.
• State of Charge - A battery’s lifespan is affected by how deeply it is discharged before
getting charged back up, and how long it stays in that discharged state. A battery’s state
of charge is the amount of energy remaining in the battery. The lower the SOC is allowed
to drop, the shorter its lifespan will be.
Photo Courtesy: GNB Exide
9. Solar panel can be selected as per Performance, Quality, Durability (Proven track
record) and Warranty, Manufacturer’s reliability.
• Poly crystalline : Moderate, Cost effective, proven technology
• Mono crystalline : Good, Moderate cost, proven technology
• Thin film : Good, Moderate cost, New technology
BEST -Technology and Specification: SOLAR PV
Solar panel efficiency:- It quantifies a solar panel’s ability to convert sunlight into
electricity. Given the same amount of sunlight shining for the same duration with
different efficiency ratings, the more efficient panel will produce more electricity.
• Mono - 20% plus efficient
• Poly - less than 20% efficiency
• Thin - Up to 16%.
Photo Courtesy: India Mart
10. • Temperature coefficient - It is a matter of basic electrical physics that as
temperature increases in a semiconductor such as a solar cell, the voltage of the
cell drops and current may increase very slightly. Overall the power output falls,
as the temperature of the solar cell increases.
BEST -Technology and Specification: SOLAR PV
• Power tolerance - Power tolerance can either be expressed in watts or as a
percentage of the rated power. There are two values recorded in a specification
sheet in respect to power tolerance being the negative power tolerance and the
positive power tolerance.
• Solar Degradation - Solar energy is all about kWh, what ultimately matter. If every
day, more and more people across the globe invest in solar energy, it’s because of
the trust in future, where they self-produce the electricity. But investing in a PV
System is still a bet based on trust. Because one only buys the promise of future kWh.
Photo Courtesy: Kyocera Solar
11. BEST - Designing and Sizing: SOLAR PV
When measuring the output of a solar panel, we must consider below losses:-
• Module Soiling - One major problem in the UAE as dust often settles on solar panels,
affecting their performance. Need to be considered as 10%, while calculation.
• Shading - One must consider shading which may occur by high rise buildings/ trees.
However, this it can be neglected, if no obstacles are there.
• Module Temperature - High temperature can affect the performance of a solar system. This
must be taken into account, especially UAE summers are very hot. Normally, it is as 5%.
• Deviation From Efficiency - The efficiency of a solar module can decrease over time and
this also must be taken into account. The factor to be taken as 3% for calculations.
• Mismatching and DC Losses - This can also prevent some of the power from being available
in the output. Need to consider, as per selection of system components.
12. BEST - Designing and Sizing: SOLAR PV
• Inverter/AC losses - Can be considered as efficiency losses of inverter. Approximately total losses
could be around 15-20% and can be minimized further.
• Solar Insolation - It is a measurement of the cumulative energy measured over some area for a
defined period of time (annual, monthly, daily). Common unit of insolation is kWh/m2/day.
• Cables - Solar cables are designed to be UV resistant and weather resistant. They can be used
within a large temperature range and are generally laid outside.
• Array Junction Boxes - An AJB, is used to connect the photovoltaic strings in parallel. The
combined DC power is fed to the photovoltaic inverter. It includes photovoltaic string protection,
overvoltage protection and a DC output switch isolator.
Photo Courtesy: Evergreen Solar
13. BEST - Installation and Maintenance: SOLAR PV
• Solar module position - In the northern hemisphere, general rule of solar panel
placement is South, and towards North in the southern hemisphere.
• Inclination/tilt angle - Max performance is achieved, when panels are perpendicular
to the sun’s rays and thus it is to be tilted at certain angle depending on the longitude
and latitude of the site.
• Support Structure material - Aluminum, Steel- galvanized Solar Mounting Structures
for our UAE region is good to with stand salty-high temp humid climate in order to
avoid rusting.
• Protective devices - selection of proper isolators, DCMCB, fuses is to be installed to
protect the system against any electronic component failures.
• Dust & Bird droppings cleaning - On average, regular solar array cleaning will increase
annual solar energy production by 5 to 10%.
Photo Courtesy: Evergreen Solar
14. Inverter SPECIFICATION:-
• Nominal Voltage - As per Load/ Appliance – 230V/400V AC
• Frequency - 50HZ/60HZ
• Waveform - Sinusoidal preferred
• Efficiency - Above 95% preferred
• Surge capacity - Preferred - 300% for 10 seconds
BEST -Technology and Specification: INVERTER
All inverters have a continuous rating and a surge rating. Surge rating is usually specified
for specific Load (watt) for specific time (seconds). It may range from as little as 20% to
as much as 300%. Generally, Surge rating of 3 to 15-second is enough to cover 99% of all
types of load.
Photo Courtesy: ABB
15. Inverters are also available with in build charge controllers, CPU of the Solar System.
Charge Controller - To manage the power and ensure that batteries are not overcharged
and also ensure that power doesn’t run backwards to solar array from battery. At over
discharge condition, LVD gets activate to protect the battery life.
BEST -Technology and Specification: INVERTER
Major Technology available are:-
PWM - Pulse Width Modulation Controller.
a. Acts as a switch to connect solar array to the battery.
b. Voltage of the solar array is pulled down to nearer voltage of battery for charging.
MPPT - Maximum Power Point Tracking Controller.
a. MPPT harvest more power from solar array.
b. Acts as DC/DC voltage converter to convert excess voltage into current.
Photo Courtesy: Morning Star
16. BEST - Designing and Sizing: INVERTER
Below factors are very important, while designing the Inverter/Charge Controller: –
Cables - Single core/ Three core cables to be used depends on the size of the inverter in
order to avoid AC cable losses
AC and DC protective devices - External MCB, MCCB to protect from over current/ faulty
condition/ Manual isolation.
Inverter efficiency losses - It is important to be checked for considerations as per
equipment selection.
Cabinets - Selected inverter should work for out door application at ambient temperature
up to 50 Deg C. other wise temperature will reduce the efficiency of the inverter.
Photo Courtesy: Morning Star
17. BEST - Designing and Sizing: INVERTER
Cooling arrangements - Cabinets with cooling arrangements/ Air conditioner to maintain
ambient temperature within the limit of inverter operating temperature.
IP rating - Selected on the basis on environment. IP-65 is preferred for salty and humid
atmosphere.
Charge Controllers - Reliable, programmable charge controllers will ensure batteries do not
get overcharged, and a low-voltage disconnect (LVD) protects them from being overly
discharged. An inverter LVD can only protect the battery bank from AC loads.
Another common problem is a lack of adequate charging capacity. Batteries should be
brought to 100% SOC at least once a week—and more often is better.
Photo Courtesy: Morning Star
18. BEST - Installation and Maintenance: INVERTER
Wiring - Select the shortest path to avoid voltage drop & reduce cable length. Before
connecting DC input power cables, mark polarities on the cables to ensure safety.
Termination - AC output Power Cable should be terminated/ Connected to the respective
terminal by using crimped lugs with minimum number of cable joints and conduit bends.
Proper earthling - It is an important part of the protection of inverter against surges, which
may be caused by lightning discharge/ surges due to switching.
Protective devices - External input/ output MCB to protect from high current by source or
load to avoid any Abnormal/ Faulty conditions.
Periodic maintenance - A visual inspection should be done to ensure that all the indicators
such as LED lights are working and that the wires leading to and from this device are not
loose. The charge controller should indicate that the system is charging when the sun is ON…
Photo Courtesy: ABB
19. Common Engineering Mistakes
Courtesy: Off Grid Power Solutions, LLC
Awareness of IEEE
Standards
IEEE Std 1561 & 1562
for standalone and
hybrid solar power
systems
Engineering upon Watt
Hour Method as
Opposed to Amp Hour
Amp Hour, not Watt
Hours to be
referenced in system
engineering
Reliable Irradiance
Data
Data such as NASA is
extrapolated and may
be only 85% accurate
Proper Battery
Autonomy
Sufficient battery
autonomy is critical to
system operation,
battery life and
minimizing OPEX
Benefits of MPPT
Controls
MPPT benefits are
reduced in warm and
hot environments
20. THANK YOU
A wealth of presentations and reports from The Big 5 Solar are
available at www.thebig5solar.ae
Please don’t forget to collect your CPD certificate with PDU points
during the show from our CPD collection area.