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SOFTWARE TESTING: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE & MACHINE ...ijaia
The history of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning dates back to 1950’s. In recent years, there has
been an increase in popularity for applications that implement AI and ML technology. As with traditional
development, software testing is a critical component of an efficient AI/ML application. However, the
approach to development methodology used in AI/ML varies significantly from traditional development.
Owing to these variations, numerous software testing challenges occur. This paper aims to recognize and
to explain some of the biggest challenges that software testers face in dealing with AI/ML applications. For
future research, this study has key implications. Each of the challenges outlined in this paper is ideal for
further investigation and has great potential to shed light on the way to more productive software testing
strategies and methodologies that can be applied to AI/ML applications.
SOFTWARE TESTING: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE & MACHINE ...ijaia
The history of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning dates back to 1950’s. In recent years, there has
been an increase in popularity for applications that implement AI and ML technology. As with traditional
development, software testing is a critical component of an efficient AI/ML application. However, the
approach to development methodology used in AI/ML varies significantly from traditional development.
Owing to these variations, numerous software testing challenges occur. This paper aims to recognize and
to explain some of the biggest challenges that software testers face in dealing with AI/ML applications. For
future research, this study has key implications. Each of the challenges outlined in this paper is ideal for
further investigation and has great potential to shed light on the way to more productive software testing
strategies and methodologies that can be applied to AI/ML applications.
Introduction to Software engineering Concepts which includes Software Process Model, SRS documents, Requirement Engineering Process, Architectural Modeling, software Products, Risk Management Process, SDLC Model, Professional & Ethical Responsibilities, System & its Environment, System Procurement (COTS & Contractor Method), System Engineering Process, System Reliability Engineering, Human factors, Functional & Non-Functional Requirements
Online auction system is web based application, in which the seller can sell the goods by sitting in his own house ,so the main advantage of this application is that there is no more system compatibility requirement problem. The main advantage of the online auction system is that the user can have the better choices for their investment and also it is time saving , and through this system user can invest in their own selected firm.
CP7301 Software Process and Project Management notesAAKASH S
UNIT I DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE PROCESSES 9
Overview of software development life cycle – introduction to processes – Personal Software
Process (PSP) – Team software process (TSP) – Unified processes – agile processes –
choosing the right process Tutorial: Software development using PSP
20
UNIT II REQUIREMENTS MANAGEMENT 9
Functional requirements and quality attributes – elicitation techniques – Quality Attribute
Workshops (QAW) – analysis, prioritization, and trade-off – Architecture Centric
Development Method (ACDM) – requirements documentation and specification – change
management – traceability of requirements
Tutorial: Conduct QAW, elicit, analyze, prioritize, and document requirements using ACDM
UNIT III ESTIMATION, PLANNING, AND TRACKING 9
Identifying and prioritizing risks – risk mitigation plans – estimation techniques – use case
points – function points – COCOMO II – top-down estimation – bottom-up estimation – work
breakdown structure – macro and micro plans – planning poker – wideband delphi –
documenting the plan – tracking the plan – earned value method (EVM)
Tutorial: Estimation, planning, and tracking exercises
UNIT IV CONFIGURATION AND QUALITY MANAGEMENT 9
identifying artifacts to be configured – naming conventions and version control –
configuration control – quality assurance techniques – peer reviews – Fegan inspection –
unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing – test data and test cases – bug tracking –
causal analysis
Tutorial: version control exercises, development of test cases, causal analysis of defects
UNIT V SOFTWARE PROCESS DEFINITION AND MANAGEMENT 9
Process elements – process architecture – relationship between elements – process
modeling – process definition techniques – ETVX (entry-task-validation-exit) – process
baselining – process assessment and improvement – CMMI – Six Sigma
Tutorial: process measurement exercises, process definition using ETVX
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2. Software Development
A program is a solution developed to solve a
particular problem, written in a form that can
be run on a computer. Therefore, writing a
program is almost the last step in a process
that first determines the problem to be
solved and the method to be used in the
solution. Each field of study has its own
name for the systematic method of
designing solutions to solve problems.
3. In science and engineering, the approach is
referred to as the scientific method, and in
quantitative analysis, the approach is called
the systems approach. Professional software
developers use the software development
procedure for understanding the problem to be
solved and for creating an effective, suitable
software solution.
4. 1. Development and design
2. Documentation
3. Maintenance
PHASES OF SOFTWARE
DEVELOPMENT
5.
6. As a discipline, software engineering is
concerned with creating readable,
efficient, reliable, and maintainable
programs and systems, and it uses the
software development procedure to
achieve this goal.
7. Phase I: Development and Design Phase
It begins with a statement of a problem or a
specific request for a program, which is
referred to as a program requirement. After
a problem has been stated or a specific
request for a program solution has been
made, the development and design phase
begins. This phase consists of four well-
defined steps.
8.
9. Step 1: Analyze the Problem
The analysis of a problem can consist of up to
two parts. The first part is a basic analysis that
must be performed on all problems; it consists of
extracting the complete input and output
information supplied by the problems. For this
analysis, you must:
1. Determine and understand the output items
the program must produce.
2. Determine the input items.
10. An extended analysis simply means you must
gather more information about the problem so
that you thoroughly understand what’s being
asked for and how to achieve the result.
11. Step 2: Develop a Solution
Next, you select the exact set of
steps, called the algorithm, to use for
solving the problem.
This algorithm must be checked, if it
wasn’t in the analysis step, to make
sure it produces the required outputs
correctly.
12. For these specifications, a designer
could initially organize the
program’s requirements into the
three sections.
13.
14.
15. Step 3: Code the Solution (Write the
Program)
These structures control how the program
executes and consist of the following
types:
• Sequence
• Selection
• Iteration
• Invocation
16. Sequence defines the order in which
the program executes instructions.
Specifying which instruction comes first,
which comes second, and so on is
essential if the program is to achieve a
well-defined purpose.
17. Selection provides the capability to
make a choice between different
operations, depending on the result of
some condition.
18. Iteration, also referred to as “looping” and
“repetition,” makes it possible to repeat the
same operation based on the value of a
condition.
20. Step 4: Test and Correct the
Program
The purpose of testing is to verify that a
program works correctly and actually fulfills
its requirements. In theory, testing would
reveal all existing program errors.