This document discusses different types of software, including operating systems and applications software. It explains that computer hardware requires software to provide instructions. There are two main types of software: system software like operating systems, and application software which performs specific tasks. When choosing software, it's important to check system requirements to ensure the hardware can run it. Requirements include memory, storage, and operating system compatibility. The document also outlines programming languages from low-level binary to high-level languages, and the translation process from source code to executable programs using compilers and linkers.

1. SOFTWARE
Hasannor M. Mandi
Mustapha Sultansarip
Jhun Fred Somosa
Jill Marie Panugan

2.  Computer hardware would be useless without
software, the lists of instructions which tell the
hardware what to do.
 Computers require various types of software to
make them useful. These can be classified as
follows:
1. Operating System
2. Applications software

3.  When choosing software it is important to examine
the system requirements to make sure that the
software will run on the hardware.
 System requirements will typically include details on:
 MEMORY
- How much RAM is required for the software.
 STORAGE requirements
- How much Hard Disk space is required for the software.
 OS compatibility
- which operating system it requires.

4.  Application software
 Easy to use programs designed to perform specific
tasks
 System software
 Programs that support the execution and
development of other programs
 Two major types
▪ Operating systems
▪ Translation systems (compilers & linkers)

5. Copyright © 2000 by Brooks/Cole Publishing Company
A division of International Thomson Publishing Inc.

6.  Application software makes computer popular and easy to
use
 Common application software:
 MicrosoftWord,WordPerfect
 PowerPoint
 Netscape, Internet Explorer
 PhotoShop, Photo-Paint
 QuickTime
 Dreamweaver

7.  Controls and manages the computing resources
 Examples
 Windows, Unix, MSDOS,
 Important services that an operating system
provides:
 Security: prevent unauthorized users from accessing the
system
 Commands to manipulate the file system
 Input and output on a variety of devices
 Window management

8.  A program needs to be written in a language
 There are many programming languages
 Low-level, understandable by a computer
 High-level, needs a translator!
 C++ is a high level programming language
A sequence of instructions
A program
(in computer language)
An algorthm
(in human language)

9.  Machine binary language: unintelligible
 Low-level assembly language
 Mnemonic names for machine operations
 Explicit manipulation of memory addresses
 Machine-dependent
 High-level language
 Readable
 Machine-independent

10. Machine binary language Low-level assembly High-level

11. Examples of compilers:
 MicrosoftVisual C++, Eclipse, g++
A program written in high-level programming language
(for example, C++ program)
A low-level (machine language) program that is
understandable by a computer (for example, a PC)
COMPILER (for example, Visual C++)

12.  Set of programs used to develop software
 Types of translators:
Compiler
Linker
 Examples
 MicrosoftVisual C++, Eclipse, g++

13.  Major activities
 Editing (writing the program)
 Compiling (creates .obj file)
 Linking with compiled files (creates .exe file)
▪ Object files
▪ Library modules
 Loading and executing
 Testing the program
Compile
Link
Library routines
Other object files
Think
Edit
Load
Execute
Source Program

14.  Combine all of the capabilities that a programmer would
want while developing software (VC++ 2008, Eclipse)
 Editor
 Compiler
 Linker
 Loader
 Debugger
 Viewer

15. // a simple program
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout << "Hello world!" << endl;
return 0;
}
Print
statement
Ends execution
of main() which ends
program
Comments
Function
named
main()
indicates
start of
program