1. The document discusses key concepts from sociological theories including functionalism and Marxism. It provides examples of how these theories view aspects of society like the roles and relationships between different parts. 2. Marxism sees society as determined by its economic base and modes of production, which shape ideology and social classes in conflict. The ruling class controls ideology to maintain its power. 3. Functionalism views society as a system of interrelated parts that work together to maintain stability, with each part fulfilling a latent or manifest function for the whole. It aims to understand society as a coherent whole through analyzing the functions of its parts.

1. A2 Sociology Unit 4: Theory and Methods In small groups brainstorm factors associated with an orange.

2. An Orange Source of food Colour Juice vitamins Health

3. Interpretivist View By looking at each individual strand and understanding it, you can understand what an orange is. Segments fit together Pulp protects the pip

4. Structuralsit View Different purposes = structuralist sociologists Structural Functionalists emphasis the purpose for which the orange was designed. Conflict structuralists only a means to an end, stepping stone to a better new tree. See it as a whole orange Skin binds it all together Segments work together to form a whole

8. Topic Tennis You have been grouped in 3’s 2 players and a scorer/scribe When I say the topic two of you take it in turns to say words related to that topic until you cant say anymore The 3 rd person notes down the scores and decides who the winner is Score: 1 point every time the other person cant think of a word ...... Or use tennis scores!!!

10. p255 Moore et al p221 AQA

13. Throwing snowballs Write down everything you know about Marxism

15. p 368 – 371 Nelson Thornes

17. The Two Marxism's Place the cards into the correct approach Structural Marxism Humanist Marxism

18. Humanist Marxism Structuralist Marxism Gramsci Althusser So long as the rest of society accept ruling class hegemony there will not be a revolution Marxism is a science. It discovers the laws that govern the workings of capitalism Voluntarism: humans have free will. They are agents who make their own history. Their consciousness are central in changing the world. Determinism: structural factors determine the course of history. Individuals are passive puppets, victims of ideology. Socialism will come about when body of workers organise themselves into revolutionary parties and formulate an alternative vision. Tends to discourage political action. Socialism will appear when contradictions occur. Capitalism will bring about its own collapse.