This document defines family and discusses different types of families. It begins by defining family from various scholars' perspectives. It then discusses the characteristics of family, including the roles of marriage and procreation. The document categorizes families based on organization (nuclear vs extended), marriage structure (monogamous vs polygamous), descent (patrilineal vs matrilineal), and residence (patrilocal vs matrilocal). It also discusses adoptive, childless, and blended families. The functions of family are then outlined, including meeting basic needs, providing a support system, and facilitating child rearing. The document concludes by discussing systems theory and Bowen's family systems theory, focusing on concepts like differentiation of self

1. TOPIC:
FAMILY ,TYPES OF FAMILY AND
FUNCTIONS OF FAMILY

2. Definition of Family
 MacIver – “Family is a group defined by a sex relationship
sufficiently precise and enduring to provide for the procreation
and upbringing of children”.
 Nimkoff – “Family is a more or less durable association of
husband and wife with or without children or of a man or
women alone, with children.
 Clare – “Family is a system of relationship existing between
parents and children”.
 Eliott and Merrill – “Family is the logical social unit composed
of husband, wife and children”.

3. Family Stands For
 F father
 A and
 M mothers
 I implying the presence of children where
 L love must prevail between me and
 Y you Characteristics

4. Characteristics of Family
 A mating relationship
 A form of marriage
 A system of nomenclature
 An economic provision
 A common habitation (surroundings)

5. History
 The history of the family is a branch of social history that
concerns the sociocultural evolution of kinship groups from
prehistoric to modern times.
 The family has a universal and basic role in all societies.
 Research on the history of the family crosses disciplines and
cultures, aiming to understand the structure and function of
the family from many viewpoints.

6. Classification of Families
Authority
Organizatio
n
Descent
Residenc
e
Marriage
blood-
relationship
Family

7. Types of Family
 On the Basis of Organization:
 (i) Nuclear Family: The nuclear family is a unit composed of
husband, wife and their unmarried children.

8. On the Basis of Marriage
(i) Monogamous Family: A monogamous family is one which is
consisted of one husband and one wife. In this type of family one
man has one wife or one woman has one husband at a given
time. Hence a husband and a wife living together, constitute a
monogamous family.
(ii) Polygamous Family: When one man marries several woman
or one woman marries several men and constitute the family, it is
polygamous family. Again polygamous family is divided into two
types such as polygynous family and polyandrous family.

9. Cont…
 (ii) Extended Family: A family with several generations living
together more than just mom, dad, children. This family could
include grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins.

10. On the Basis of Descent
(i)Patrilineal Family: This type of family occurs when property
and title inheritance passes down through the father’s side.
(ii)Matrilineal Family: This is where the property and title
inheritance passes through the mother’s side.

11. On the Basis of Residence
(i)Patrilocal Family: When a married couple lives with or near the
husband’s family. near the bride’s parents.
(ii)Matrilocal Family: When a married couple lives with or near the
bride’s family.
(iii)Neo-local Family: When a married couple sets up a home
separate from either side of their families.

12. On the basis of Blood-relationship:
(i) Consanguine Family: The consanguine family is built upon
the parent-child relationship (on blood-descent).
(ii) Conjugal Family: The conjugal family is a nucleus of the
husband, the wife and their offspring, who are surrounded
by a fringe of relatives only incidental to the functioning of
the family as a unit.

13. Adoptive Family
 A family with a adult and child not blood related, but legally
bound.

14. Childless Family
 A family with married couple without kids.

15. Blended Family
 Combination of biological children and stepchildren living with
parents
 Formed when two sole-parents or a sole parent and a partner
unite.

16. Functions of a Family
According to Lundberg, the following are the basic functions of
family
Regulation of sexual behavior
Care and training of the children.
Cooperation and division of labor.
Primary group satisfaction.

17. According to Groves
Protection and care of the young
Regulation and control of sex
impulses
Conservation and transmission of
social heritage
Provision of opportunity for the
most intimate contacts.

18. According to Maclver
Essential Functions:
(i) Satisfaction of Sex Needs: This is the essential function
which the family performs. The sex instinct is the natural
and biological urge of human beings.
(ii) Reproduction: The task of race perpetuation has always
been an important function of the family. An ongoing society
must replace its members.

19. Cont…
(iii) Sustenance Function: The family provides the daily care
and personal protection to its dependent members namely aged,
children etc. The family is an insurance for the individual in times
of crisis.
(iv) Provision of a Home: Establishment of household life or
provision of a home is another essential function of the family.
The desire for a home is a powerful instinct for men as well as
women. Family provides a opportunity for husband and wife to
live together happily.

20. Non-Essential Functions
(i) Economic Functions: Family serves as an economic unit.
The earlier agricultural family was a self-supporting
‘business enterprise’. It was producing whatever the family
needed. Today the importance of family as an economic
unit has been lessened as most of the goods for
consumption are purchased readymade from the market.
(ii) Religious Function: Family is a Centre for religious
training of the children. The children learn various religious
virtues from their parents. The religious and moral training
of children has always been bound up with the home.

21. Cont…
(iv) Educative Function: The family provides the bases of all the
child’s latter formal education learning. Family is the first school
of children.
(v) Recreational Function: The family provides recreation to its
members. The members of the family visit their relations. They
enjoy various occasions in the family jointly and derive pleasure

22. Functions of Family in Today’s Life
1. Basic needs: food, water, and shelter are provided by families
in contemporary society.
2. Belonging and acceptance: In today's modern society, family
structures provide built-in support and acceptance for members
of the family who participate in daily family life together.
3. Financial Security: Families in contemporary society
contribute to the financial wellbeing of all family members within
the family unit.

23. Cont…
4. Support System: Family members provide a built-in support
system that helps with the challenges of living in society and daily
life.
5. Health Benefits: Having someone to help you take care of
your health and well-being for your physical and mental health is
another benefit of today's modern family.
6.Community Benefits: People who come from supportive and
stable families often contribute to the greater community and
create stronger neighborhoods and families as a result.

24. System Theory
 System theory is a generic term for conceptualizing a group of
related elements (people) that interact as a whole entity (e.g. family
or group).
 According to the theory, any living organism is composed of
interacting component mutually affecting one another.
 Change in any part affects all other parts.
 Main concepts introduced by this theory are:
 Circular causality: The idea that events are related through a
series of interacting feedback loops.
 Scapegoating (in which one person is singled out as the cause of
the problem) and
 Linear causality (one action is seen a cause of other) are
eliminated.

25. Bowen’s Family System Theory
 System = organized unit made up of interdependent parts.
 Change in any part affects all other parts.
 Seek other members approval and support.
 Family is system in which each member has a significant
influence on all other members.
 Families may struggle to find a healthy balance between two
extremes:
 Enmeshment = over involvement in each others’ lives
 Disengagement = too much detachment from one another

26. Differentiation of Self
 Occurs when an individual is able to distinguish between
intellectual processes and the feeling process he or she is
experiencing. Greater fusion between individuals, poorer
functioning (Can’t differentiate b/w thoughts and feelings and
have trouble differentiating themselves from others).
 Highly differentiated = better at handling stress/anxiety.
 Increased differentiation by one family member is likely to lead
other members to become more differentiated. Self-
differentiation is principal goal of family therapy.

27. Chronic anxiety
 Bowen believed that there is chronic anxiety in all life that is
both emotional and physical. Multigenerational transmission
process.
 Transmission of anxiety from generation to generation.
 Patterns, themes and roles are passed through generations.
 Less anxiety focused on children = more likely they’ll grow up
w/ greater differentiation.

28. De-triangulation of Self from Family
Emotional
 Triangulation refers to the practice of two family members bringing a
third into their conflict Triangles
 Smallest stable relationship system.
 A major influence on the activity of a triangle is anxiety.
 More anxiety = increase in tension and stress.
 Stress > Comfort.
 Less anxiety = comfortable back and forth discussion of feeling.

29. Smallest Stable Relationship
 Tension can be shift around in three person.

30. Conclusion of De-triangulation
 Spreading the tension can stablize the system but nothing get
resolved.
 Pattern in a triangle can be changed with increasing tension.
 Two people will be comfortable and third will be uncomfortable.

31. THANK YOU