Society can be defined in several ways. It refers to a group of people who are connected through social interactions and relationships. A society is more than just a collection of individuals - it is the complex pattern of relationships that arise between people. Characteristics of a society include that it is the basis of human life, it is changeable and as old as the human race. A society also depends on people and people depend on the society. The world as a whole is considered a single global society.

1. SocietySociety
It is very difficult to describe the meaning of the word
society. Mainly the word society is used for a group
of peoples of different religions, castes, languages
etc, but society is not only a group of peoples. It is
more than it. It is a passion which connects two or
more people. These people think about each other
and do works for each other. We cannot bound it in
to borders. Any where we see the group of peoples is
known as society. The family is a little part of it.
Some peoples make a family and many families make
society. The whole world is a society.

2. DefinitionsDefinitions
of society
“Society is a web of social relationship and it is
always changing” - Maciver and Page
”The term society refers not to group of people but
to the complex pattern of the forms of
interactions that rise among and between them”
-Lapiere

3. Characteristics of SocietyCharacteristics of Society
1.1. Society is the base of human life.Society is the base of human life.
2.2. It is changeable.It is changeable.
3.3. It is as old as human race.It is as old as human race.
4.4. Society depends up on man and man depends onSociety depends up on man and man depends on
society.society.
5.5. The whole world is a society.The whole world is a society.
6.6. School, family, religious institutions, states etc areSchool, family, religious institutions, states etc are
the parts of society.the parts of society.

4. Ef f ect s of societ y on
educat ion
A. Assumptions of society and education:-
in ancient time is
was only for rich and generals and now it is for all.
B. Religious condition of society and education:-
C. Economical condition of society and education:-
it will be free or not
it depends on the economical condition of society.
D. Political condition of society and education:-

5. Ef f ect s of educat ion on
societ y
1. Education and civilization or culture of
society.
2. Education and economical condition of
society.
3. Education and religious condition of
society.
4. Education and political condition of society.

6. Duties of society towards
education
• Arrangement of educational institutions.
• Arrangement of adult education.
• Arrangement of libraries.
• Arrangement of literary and cultural education.
• Cooperation.

7. Duties of education towards
society
• Preservation of civilization and culture of
society.
• Care of civilization and culture of society.
• Development of civilization and culture of
society.
• Identification of the needs of society.
• It fulfill the needs of society.
• It provides the curriculum for changing society.
• Development of sociality among children.
• Development of creativity in children.

8. Need of education for societyNeed of education for society
• To provideTo provide directiondirection to the society.to the society.
• To makeTo make healthyhealthy relations.relations.
• To developTo develop human virtueshuman virtues..
• To make theTo make the citizenscitizens forfor futurefuture..
• ToTo preservepreserve thethe cultureculture of the society.of the society.
• To develop theTo develop the scientificscientific attitudeattitude in society.in society.
• To make aTo make a strongstrong basebase for society.for society.
• To change theTo change the attitudeattitude of the people.of the people.
• To improve theTo improve the conditioncondition ofof womenwomen..
• For the complete development ofFor the complete development of
personalitypersonality..
• To awake theTo awake the deaddead society.society.

9. Nature of Indian society
1. Cast system:
2. Religious groups in Indian society:
3. Class system:
a) On the basis of economy - lower, middle
and higher class.
b) On the basis of culture – Arya, Dravid,
Hindu, Muslim.
c) On the basis of sex- Male, female.
d) On the basis of politics.
e) On the basis of education – educated,
uneducated.

10. Indian society and child’sIndian society and child’s
educationeducation
1.1. Indian society and child’s physical development.Indian society and child’s physical development.
2.2. Indian society and child’s mental development.Indian society and child’s mental development.
3.3. Indian society and child’s character development.Indian society and child’s character development.
4.4. Indian society and child’s moral development.Indian society and child’s moral development.
5.5. Indian society and child’s social development.Indian society and child’s social development.
6.6. Indian society and child’s cultural development.Indian society and child’s cultural development.
7.7. Indian society and child’s spiritual development.Indian society and child’s spiritual development.
8.8. Indian society and education of democracy.Indian society and education of democracy.

11. Social equity and education
Meaning of social equity: In Indian
constitution equality is a fundamental right
for every Indian. According to this right
every individual is equal. He has the right of
equality in every field.
Society is an important institution for human
being. This institution is not made up by one
or two individuals. It is the contribution of
many. These people are related with
different religions, castes, classes and
communities.

12. They show respect to others. There is no any
discrimination between two persons on the basis
of religion, caste, language and sex. So social
equity means every individual of society has the
right of equality. Indian constitution provides
equality to all the citizens in all the fields like-
right to vote, right to justice, right to get job,
end of untouchability, right to education and end
of exploitation.

13. Social equality and education
• Rights of women in education: “Boy’s education isRights of women in education: “Boy’s education is
only the education for a boy, but girl’s educationonly the education for a boy, but girl’s education
is the education of whole family”.is the education of whole family”.
• Education for scheduled castes : free andEducation for scheduled castes : free and
compulsory education, scholarship etc.compulsory education, scholarship etc.
• Education for scheduled tribe:Education for scheduled tribe:
• Education for handicapped:Education for handicapped:
• Adult educationAdult education

14. Need of social equality in education
1. To establish an equal society.
2. To improve the social status.
3. For economical development of society.
4. To make a democracy success.
5. For national development.
6. To establish a welfare society.
7. Education being a fundamental right.
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15. Causes of failure of educational equality
1. Lack of educational institutions.
2. Poverty.
3. Difference in home environment.
4. Difference in the standard of rural and urban
institutions.
5. Inequality of sex.
6. Regional inequality.
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16. Suggestions
1. Common school system.
2. Special efforts by government.
3. Selection on the basis of merit.
4. Vocationalisation of secondary education.
5. Adult education.
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17. Suggestions by N.E.P. 1986
 Education for women.
 Education for sc and st.
 Education for minorities.
 Education for handicapped.
 Education for adults.
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18. Social equality and education: among
Nations: rich and poor, developing and
developed
On the basis of economical condition there are two type of
countries- rich and poor. All the European countries are
rich and mostly African are poor. In Asia we find both rich
and poor countries. America, Japan, England, France,
Canada, Germany and many Arabian countries are
considered as rich countries. Their economy is very
powerful. They use their means appropriately. Their per
capital income and life standard is very high.
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19. Characteristics of rich countries
• Higher per capital income.
• Use of new technologies.
• Higher level of productivity.
• Well organized and developed industries.
• High living standard.
• Urbanization.

20. Characteristics of rich countries
• Higher rate of capital building.
• Fulfillment of basic needs.
• They provide higher class services in
each and every field.
• No economical differences.
• Proper use of human resources -
human resources etc.

21. Characteristics of poor countries
• Lower status.
• Economical differences.
• Lower level of per capital income.
• Lack of resources.
• No use of advanced technology.
• Population explosion.
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22. Characteristics of poor countries
• Unemployment.
• Depends on other countries.
• Lack of services.
• Low status of education.
• Corruption and loose administration.
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23. Need of education for a nation
• For social development.
• For economical development.
• For political development.
• For religious development.
• For cultural development.
• For literary development.
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24. National Integration
• In a nation people of different types live.
They live together, work together. They
think about the prosperity of their
country. When any other country tries to
attack on their country they come ahead
and stand with each other.
• When ever their country needs their
services, support and contribution they
give their 100%.

25. Meaning of National Integration
Unity in Diversity is known as national
integration. It means people of different
religions, castes, languages, economic
status or class and culture live together.
They give their contribution in the
development of their country and make it
prosper. They do work to make their
country powerful. They give preference to
the respect of their country. National
integration does not believe in religion or
castes. It provides the slogan ‘we are one’.

26. characteristics of National Integration
• Believe in the future of country.
• Believe in the values of the country.
• Fulfillment of duties towards country.
• Respect of the country.
• Understanding.
• No corruption.
• No discrimination.
• No exploitation.

27. Need of National Integration
• To make a country powerful.
• To preserve the democracy.
• To make a country successful.
• To make a country free.
• To save the country from other countries.
• To establish peace in the country.
• For the development of country.
• For unity in diversity.

28. Dangers for National
Integration
• Communalism.
• Provincialism.
• Linguism.
• Unemployment.
• Political parties.
• Corruption.
• Lack of national
character.
• Castism.
• Lack of national
education system.
• Poverty.

29. Roll of Education in National Integration
“National integration cannot be built by
bricks and mortar. It cannot be built by
chisel and hammer. It has to grow
silently in the minds and heart of man.
The only process for it is the process of
education”.
- Dr. Radhakrishnan

30. National Integration and aims of
education
• To develop all the citizens of country.
• Moral development of citizens.
• Character development of citizens.
• To establish brotherhoodness among
the citizens.
• Economic development of citizens.
• Social development of citizens.
• To make a person human being.

31. National Integration and curriculum
• National curriculum.
• Teaching of different languages.
• Teaching of social studies.
• Redesigning the text books.
• Importance to art, music, literature etc.
• Co curricular activities:
(i) celebration of important days like-
teacher’s day, children’s day, republic
day, independence day.

32. (ii) Celebration of the birthday’s of great
persons and freedom fighters.
(iii) Celebration of different festivals.
• Cultural activities.
• Lectures of great persons.
• Participation in national and social
services program me: like – N.C.C, Girls
Guide, etc.
• Respect of national flag, anthem, song
and symboles.

33. • Respect of national anthem.
• Respect of national song.
• Respect of national symbols.
• Educational tour.
• Religious and moral education.
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34. National Integration and methods of
teaching
• Team teaching.
• Play method.
• Tours.

35. Educational Suggestions for
National Integration
• Appointment of teachers with out any
discrimination.
• No discrimination among the students.
• Free and compulsory education to all.
• Organization of social and cultural, activities.
• Morning assembly.
• National anthem.
• Educational tours, exhibitions.

36. Recommendations of kothari
commission
• Common school system.
• National and social services program me
at school level.
• N.C.C. and N.S.S. of 60 days.
• Instruction in local language.
• Development of Hindi language.
• Development of English language.

37. Recommendations of N.E.P. 1986
• Education for all.
• Development of manpower.
• National system of education: like – Common
school system, National curriculum, Equality
of opportunity, Life long education.
• Education for equality: Education for
women, for sc and st, for educationally
deprived section, for adults, for
handicapped.

38. ThankThank youyou