Socialism refers to a political and economic theory advocating common ownership of resources. Key aspects include democratic control of production, distribution, and exchange to meet human needs rather than for profit. It emerged in response to poverty under capitalism. Early theorists like Saint-Simon, Fourier, and Owen proposed cooperative communities, while Marx emphasized class struggle and revolution to establish socialism. Democratic socialism gained popularity after WWI as socialist parties participated in government in Europe. Features include public ownership, central planning, and equality, while drawbacks involve reduced freedom and bureaucracy.
A presentation about socialism, a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.
A presentation about socialism, a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.
Karl Marx's Theory of Surplus-Value constitutes the backbone of Marxian Economics. Hence, its necessary to learn about this for understanding the nature of capitalist expoitation.
Department of Management: Liberty : Meaning & Features
Types of Liberty
Economic Liberty
Political Liberty
Civil Liberty
National Liberty
Personal Liberty
Natural Liberty
Equality :Meaning &Aspect
Relationship between Liberty & Equality
Justice : Meaning
DIMENSIONS of RIGHTS
Investasi bisnis yang benar. investasi dan ekspansi bisnis. kesempatan emas berinvestasi. kesempatan emas usaha. memahami peluang bisnis. pengorbanan waktu dan tenaga dalam bisnis. usaha dan peluang
В рамках проекту ресурсного центру «Вікно в Америку» у відділі обслуговування документами іноземними мовами відбувся урок гідності, приурочений до річниці народження американського президента Франкліна Делана Рузвельта. Присутніми були викладачі англійської мови, які з цікавістю прослухали інформдайджест, переглянули по темі літературу і презентацію.
Karl Marx's Theory of Surplus-Value constitutes the backbone of Marxian Economics. Hence, its necessary to learn about this for understanding the nature of capitalist expoitation.
Department of Management: Liberty : Meaning & Features
Types of Liberty
Economic Liberty
Political Liberty
Civil Liberty
National Liberty
Personal Liberty
Natural Liberty
Equality :Meaning &Aspect
Relationship between Liberty & Equality
Justice : Meaning
DIMENSIONS of RIGHTS
Investasi bisnis yang benar. investasi dan ekspansi bisnis. kesempatan emas berinvestasi. kesempatan emas usaha. memahami peluang bisnis. pengorbanan waktu dan tenaga dalam bisnis. usaha dan peluang
В рамках проекту ресурсного центру «Вікно в Америку» у відділі обслуговування документами іноземними мовами відбувся урок гідності, приурочений до річниці народження американського президента Франкліна Делана Рузвельта. Присутніми були викладачі англійської мови, які з цікавістю прослухали інформдайджест, переглянули по темі літературу і презентацію.
28 11 2014- Conferencia del C. Gobernador con el Tema “Situación de Seguridad...Javier Duarte de Ochoa
Discurso pronunciado por el Gobernador del Estado de Veracruz, Javier Duarte de Ochoa, durante la Conferencia del C. Gobernador con el Tema “Situación de Seguridad, Económica y Social del Estado de Veracruz, desde la perspectiva del Gobernador del Estado”, para alumnos del Centro de Estudios Navales que cursan la Maestría en Seguridad Nacional, invita el Almte. Vidal Francisco Soberón Sanz, Secretario de Marina, evento que se llevó a cabo el 28 de noviembre de 2014 en Boca del Río.
Durante su participación en el evento el gobernador dio su opinión sobre la situación actual del estado referente a diversos temas de interés popular; seguridad, la economía y la situación social de Veracruz fueron algunos de los temas que se comentaron.
Dada la situación del estado y la importancia de estos temas, el gobernador comentó sobre la importancia del papel de las Fuerzas Armadas de la República, las cuales representan un factor fundamental para la estabilizar y salvaguardar a la nación.
Compartió algunos detalles sobre las transformaciones que se han desarrollado en el estado y con gusto comentó que los resultados obtenidos han beneficiado a cientos de veracruzanos; habló también de la promoción de la certidumbre económica y la creación de un clima de confianza que atrae a nuevos inversionistas y negocios y resaltó la importancia que el desarrollo económico ha tenido en el desarrollo del estado.
De la misma forma comentó sobre los retos y logros que han marcado el nuevo rumbo del estado, su combate a la pobreza y la creación de mejores oportunidades de vida para los veracruzanos.
Resaltó que los cambios que se están llevando a cabo en el estado, y en el país, le permitirán a México ser una nación competitiva, más justa y próspera. Concluyó recordando que en “esta nueva etapa de coordinación con el Gobierno Federal, estamos comprometidos para ofrecer un camino seguro para que más personas salgan adelante”.
1. Communism
2. Socialism
3. Liberalism
4. Conservatism
5. Fascism
6. Feminism
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Communism
- is a political, social, and economic ideology that advocates the replacement of private ownership and profit-based economies with a classless economic system under which the means of production, such as buildings, machinery, tools, and labor, are communally owned, with private ownership of property either prohibited or severely limited by the state.
Marx believed that history could be explained through class struggle
Marx was convinced that history would pass through certain phases (I.E. Feudalism, Capitalism, Socialism) until finally a Communist society would emerge. The idea of communism as a philosophy of government or society is predominantly based on the ideas of Karl Marx. It shares its ideals with Marxism or socialism. Given below are a few characteristics of the ideology:-
Theory of Society by Karl marx, Mode of Production, Social Formation, Stages of history . very much helpful to the student to learn more about the Marx & his theory.
MAXIST LITERARY THEORY : the basic concepts and the very structure_1.pptxLailaAfridi2
A detailed ppp on Marxist Theory/Literary theory . This presentation can help the students a lot to know the basic concepts and detail structure of the Theory.
Primitive communism and egalitarian societyM.A Haque
A short presentation on Primitive communism and egalitarian society
you can make a powerplay presentation on primitive communism and egalitarian society.
Communism is a political and economic doctrine that aims to replace private property and a profit-based economy with public ownership and communal control of the major means of production and the natural resources of a society. Communism is also a revolutionary socialism that advocates the overthrow of capitalism by the working class. Communism is based on the theories of Karl Marx, who envisioned a classless society where everyone contributes and receives according to their ability and needs. In this presentation, we will explore the history, varieties, and facts of communism, as well as its advantages and disadvantages..
Communism is a political and economic doctrine that aims to replace private property and a profit-based economy with public ownership and communal control of the major means of production and the natural resources of a society. Communism is also a revolutionary socialism that advocates the overthrow of capitalism by the working class. Communism is based on the theories of Karl Marx, who envisioned a classless society where everyone contributes and receives according to their ability and needs. In this presentation, we will explore the history, varieties, and facts of communism, as well as its advantages and disadvantages..
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
How Does CRISIL Evaluate Lenders in India for Credit RatingsShaheen Kumar
CRISIL evaluates lenders in India by analyzing financial performance, loan portfolio quality, risk management practices, capital adequacy, market position, and adherence to regulatory requirements. This comprehensive assessment ensures a thorough evaluation of creditworthiness and financial strength. Each criterion is meticulously examined to provide credible and reliable ratings.
2. Elemental Economics - Mineral demand.pdfNeal Brewster
After this second you should be able to: Explain the main determinants of demand for any mineral product, and their relative importance; recognise and explain how demand for any product is likely to change with economic activity; recognise and explain the roles of technology and relative prices in influencing demand; be able to explain the differences between the rates of growth of demand for different products.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
Seminar: Gender Board Diversity through Ownership NetworksGRAPE
Seminar on gender diversity spillovers through ownership networks at FAME|GRAPE. Presenting novel research. Studies in economics and management using econometrics methods.
BYD SWOT Analysis and In-Depth Insights 2024.pptxmikemetalprod
Indepth analysis of the BYD 2024
BYD (Build Your Dreams) is a Chinese automaker and battery manufacturer that has snowballed over the past two decades to become a significant player in electric vehicles and global clean energy technology.
This SWOT analysis examines BYD's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as it competes in the fast-changing automotive and energy storage industries.
Founded in 1995 and headquartered in Shenzhen, BYD started as a battery company before expanding into automobiles in the early 2000s.
Initially manufacturing gasoline-powered vehicles, BYD focused on plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, leveraging its expertise in battery technology.
Today, BYD is the world’s largest electric vehicle manufacturer, delivering over 1.2 million electric cars globally. The company also produces electric buses, trucks, forklifts, and rail transit.
On the energy side, BYD is a major supplier of rechargeable batteries for cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
2. INTRODUCTION
Central to the meaning of socialism
is common ownership. This means the
resources of the world being owned in
common by the entire global population.
But does it really make sense for
everybody to own everything in
common? Of course, some goods tend
to be for personal consumption, rather
than to share. People 'owning' certain
personal possessions does not
contradict the principle of a society
based upon common ownership. Then
what does socialism mean for?
3. Socialism
A political and economic theory of
social organization which advocates
that the means of production,
distribution, and exchange should be
owned or regulated by the community
as a whole.
4. Socialism is a social and economic
system characterised by social
ownership and democratic control of
the means of production as well as a
political theory and movement that
aims at the establishment of such a
system
5. Democratic control
Democratic control is essential to the
meaning of socialism. Socialism will
be a society in which everybody will
have the right to participate in the
social decisions that affect them.
These decisions could be on a wide
range of issues—one of the most
important kinds of decision, for
example, would be how to organize
the production of goods and services.
6. Production
Production under socialism would be
directly and solely for use. With the
natural and technical resources of the
world held in common and controlled
democratically, the sole object of
production would be to meet human
needs. This would entail an end to
buying, selling and money. Instead, we
would take freely what we had
communally produced. The old slogan of
"from each according to ability, to each
according to needs" would apply.
7. Socialism’s emergence
Liberal political parties in 19th century
Europe failed to address the
desperate needs of working people.
◦ Classical liberalism views poverty as an
individual choice or failure, not the result
of social structures. Also suspicious of big
government.
◦ Socialism provides a different conception
of individual responsibility & of
government
8. Labour Party
In England, socialism
became a political
movement in 1884, with the
creation of the Fabians, who
provided the basis for the
new Labour Party
9. Socialism’s principles
• Egalitarianism or
equality. Humankind will be unified
and cooperative, once wealth is
owned and used for the common
good. Capitalism exploits the very
people who create society’s wealth.
• Moralism. Division of rich & poor is
evil; capitalism is fundamentally
unjust. Instead, the ideal future
emphasizes peace, social justice and
true liberty for all.
10. Social democracy
A variation on socialism that argues
that socialism and democracy can
work together. Example: British
Labour Party.
Change comes through peaceful
democratic processes like elections.
Democratic governments should
promote economic - as well as political
- freedom & equality.
11. The Early Theorists
Socialism arose in the late 18th and early 19th
cent. as a reaction to the economic and social
changes associated with the Industrial
Revolution. While rapid wealth came to the
factory owners, the workers became increasingly
impoverished. As this capitalist industrial system
spread, reactions in the form of socialist thought
increased proportionately. Although many
thinkers in the past expressed ideas that were
similar to later socialism, the first theorist who
may properly be called socialist was Francois
Noel Babeuf, who came to prominence during
the French Revolution. Babeuf propounded the
doctrine of class war between capital and labor
later to be seen in Marxism.
12. Socialist writers who followed Babeuf,
however, were more moderate. Known
as "utopian socialists," they included
the comte de Saint-Simon
Charles Fourier, and Robert Owen
13. Comte de Saint-Simon
Saint-Simon proposed that production
and distribution be carried out by the
state. The leaders of society would be
industrialists who would found a
national community based upon
cooperation and who would eliminate
the poverty of the lowest classes.
14. Charles Fourier, and
Robert Owen.
. Fourier and Owen, though differing in
many respects, both believed that
social organization should be based
on small local collective communities
rather than the large centralist state of
Saint-Simon. All these men agreed,
however, that there should be
cooperation rather than competition,
and they implicitly rejected class
struggle.
15. LOUIS BLANC
Following the utopians came thinkers such as
Louis Blanc who were more political in their
socialist formulations. Blanc put forward a
system of social workshops (1840) that would
be controlled by the workers themselves with
the support of the state. Capitalists would be
welcome in this venture, and each person
would receive goods in proportion to his or
her needs. Blanc became a member of the
French provisional government of 1848 and
attempted to put some of his proposals into
effect, but his efforts were sabotaged by his
opponents.
16. Marxists
In the 1840s the
term communism came into use to
denote loosely a militant leftist form of
socialism; it was associated with the
writings of Etienne Cabet and his
theories of common ownership.
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels later
used it to describe the movement that
advocated class struggle and
revolution to establish a society of
cooperation.
17. Karl Marx
German political thinker
in 19th century.
Did most of his work in
Britain.
Influenced by German
philosopher Hegel.
Published Communist
Manifesto in 1848 with
co-author Frederick
Engels.
Wrote multi-volume
Capital (Das Kapital),
starting in 1867.
18. Marx’s key ideas
1. Slave system gave way to feudal
economy
2. Feudal economy broke down with
growth of manufacturing, towns,
navigation & transportation,
emergence of middle class
3. Industrial capitalism emerged, with
only two classes: proletariat and
bourgeoisie.
19. Bourgeois
Bourgeois: modern capitalists who
own the means of production and
therefore get to keep all the profits.
Today, this would include major
stockholders in corporations
20. Proletarians
Proletarians: modern wage laborers
who sell their labor to live and don’t
get any of the profits that they help to
create.
This includes everyone who is not a
stockholder or owner of capital, even
professionals who work for a salary
21. Democratic Socialism
Democratic socialism took firm root in
European politics after World War I. Socialist
democratic parties actively participated in
government in Great Britain, Germany,
Sweden, Belgium, the Netherlands, and other
nations. Socialism also became a powerful
force in parts of Latin America, Asia, and
Africa. To the Indian leader Jawaharlal Nehru
and other leaders of independence
movements, it was attractive as an alternative
to the systems of private enterprise and
exploitation established by their foreign
rulers.
22. After World War II, socialist parties came to
power in many nations throughout the world, and
much private industry was nationalized. In Africa
and Asia where the workers are peasants, not
industrial laborers, socialist programs stressed
land reform and other agrarian measures. These
nations, until recently, have also emphasized
government planning for rapid economic
development. African socialism has also included
the revival of precolonial values and institutions,
while modernizing through the centralized
apparatus of the one-party state. Recently, the
collapse of Eastern European and Soviet
Communist states has led socialists throughout
the world to discard much of their doctrines
regarding centralized planning and
23. Features of socialism
Public Ownership
Central Planning
Definite Objectives
Freedom of Consumption
Equality of Income Distribution
Planning and the Pricing Process
24.
25. Merits of socialism
Greater Economic Efficiency
Greater Welfare due to Less
Inequality of Income
Absence of Monopolistic Practices
Absence of Business Fluctuations
27. Demerits of socialism
Loss of Consumers’ Sovereignty
No Freedom of Occupation
Bureaucratic
28. CONCLUSION
In socialism, everybody would have free
access to the goods and services designed
to directly meet their needs and there need
be no system of payment for the work that
each individual contributes to producing
them. All work would be on a voluntary basis.
Producing for needs means that people
would engage in work that has a direct
usefulness. The satisfaction that this would
provide, along with the increased opportunity
to shape working patterns and conditions,
would bring about new attitudes to work.
29. There is no doubt that a socialist
economy is better than a capitalist
economy because of its overwhelming
merits. But it is disliked for the loss of
political, economic and personal
freedoms.