Smart Citizens - Water sensor demo
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Demonstration of several water quality testing methodologies and sensors as part of the Resilient Cities workshop - Presented by Pieter van Boheemen at EID, Rio de Janeiro, May 12 2016
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Smart Citizens - Water sensor demo
- 1. Water sensor demo May 12, 2016 Rio de Janeiro #ResilientRio
- 2. Thursday - Water Time Topic / Activity 10:00 – 11:00 Kick off water sensors day 11:00 – 13:00 Building sensors 13:00 – 14:00 Lunch break 14:00 – 16:00 Field work 16:00 – 17:00 Team updates
- 5. Google “Water Rio de Janeiro”
- 6. Plenty of water around Time Topic / Activity 10:00 – 11:00 Kick off sound sensors day 11:00 – 13:00 Building sensors 13:00 – 14:00 Lunch break 14:00 – 16:00 Field work / Tech support 16:00 – 17:00 Team updates Tech Support Pieter Taco 14:00 - 14:30 Slot 1 Slot 1 14:45 - 15:15 Slot 2 Slot 2 15:30 - 15:45 Slot 3 Slot 3
- 7. Parameters of water • Turbidity / Transparency • Color • Acidity • Temperature • Dissolved oxygen content • Nutrients • Presence of fecal coliform bacteria • Ammonia • Toxic metals
- 8. Turbidity - Secchi disk https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secchi_disk Lake Tahoe
- 9. Color
- 10. Forel-Ule colour Measure at 1/2 secchi depth http://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/212589
- 11. Forel-Uil scale • 1 - 5 Indigo blue to greenish blue • Low nutrient levels, low biomass, phytoplankton • 6-9 Greenish blue to bluish green • Algae + dissovled matter & sediment • Typical near open sea • 10 - 13 Greenish • Coastal water with increased nutrients & algae • Contains minerals and dissolved organic material • 14 - 17 Greenish brown to brownish green • High nutrient and algae concentrations • Typical near-shore • 18 - 21 Brownish green to cola brown • Extremely high acid concentration, typical for rivers
- 12. • Measure pH • Can indicate industrial discharges Acidity
- 14. • Affects water chemistry and aquatic life • Can be caused by power plants or industrial manufacturers using water as a coolant. Temperature
- 15. Sea water surface temperature https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea
- 16. Anomalies
- 17. • Amount of oxygen available for aquatic life to breathe • Can be affected by water temperature, flow rate, or presence of pollution. Oxygen
- 19. • Needed for healthy water life • Can be harmful if they exceed a certain concentration. • For example, excessive nitrogen or phosphorous can indicate pollution from fertilizer runoff. Nutrients
- 20. • From failing septic systems, inadequately managed animal waste, or inadequately treated sewage • Indicator of bacterial presence • poses a threat to human health. • Ammonia can also be present due to water polluted with domestic sewage. Bacteria http://oasisdesign.net/water/quality/testing.htm
- 21. • Near mines • test levels of mercury and other heavy metals. Toxic metals
- 22. A) Collect B) Dissolve in baby oil C) Dilute / Measure Oil https://publiclab.org/wiki/oil-testing-kit
- 23. Sensors
- 24. Water quality sensors Temperature Temperature Biodiversity Kite Mapping
- 25. Water quality sensors Oxygen WheeStat Oil Bio fluorescence
- 28. Inside
- 33. CCD array • 400 nm to 900 nm target wavelength range • d = grating 0.001 mm / line • lambda = wavelength • phi = diffraction angle • m = order of diffraction = 1 • 400 nm: phi = 23.58 degrees • 900 nm phi = 64.16 degrees
- 34. Calibration
- 36. Spirulina by webcam microscope
- 38. • Calibrate with salt WheeStat https://publiclab.org/wiki/wheestat-user-s-manual
- 41. Fluorescence
- 42. Smart Citizen cloud Smart Citizen Attitude Tools Knowledge Skills City Goals
- 43. These slides are licensed under CC - BY - SA 3.0