The document discusses software slicing, including its types (static and dynamic slicing) and applications such as debugging and maintenance. It compares these slicing methods, detailing their methodologies and limitations, and also covers white box and black box testing, highlighting their purposes and differences in testing software. The content emphasizes the importance of understanding program dependence graphs in relation to slicing techniques and the effectiveness of various testing strategies.

1. Software Slicing & Testing
Taegeon Lee
t76lee@uwaterloo.ca
Advisor: Prof. Doo-Hwan Bae
bae@se.kaist.ac.kr
Teaching Assistant: Jiyoung Song
jysong@se.kaist.ac.kr

2. Slicing
• AnOverview ofProgramingSlicing
• Static andDynamicSlicingComparison
• ProgramDependenceGraph
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3. Slicing
Introduction Background Overall Approach Methodology Experiments Results Conclusion Discussion
 Programslicingis atechniquefor simplifyingprogramsby focusing on
selectedaspectsof semantics.
 Static,dynamic,conditioned,andamorphous slicingare mainforms of slice.
 Staticslicing
Constructedbydeleting irrelevant partsoftheprogram
Nothingaboutinput
Program dependencegraph canbeused
 Dynamicslicing
Constructaslicewhichexploitedtheinformationavailable abouttheinputwhichcaused
theprogramtogowrong
 There are manyapplicationssuch as debugging,cohesion measurement,
comprehension,maintenance andso on.
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4. Static and DynamicSlicingComparison
 StaticSlicing
 Considersallpossiblepaths
 Slicingcostischeaper
 Staticallyavailableinformationonly
 Noassumptionsmadeoninput
 Computedsliceis ingeneralinaccurate
 Identifyingminimalslicesisanundecidableproblem
 Resultsmaynotbeuseful
 DynamicSlicing
 Onlyconsidersaspecifiedexecuted path
 Slicesizeissmaller
 Computedonagiveninput
 Usefulforapplicationssuchasdebuggingandtesting
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5. Slicing
 Program dependence graph
 Statements are nodes, and data and control dependencies are the
edges
 Data dependence graph
Describes in the assignment statements the left value to the right value
dependence relationship
 Control dependence graph
Describes in a program the conditional statements and circular statements with
the statements embedded in them, their control relationship
Statements in the branches of if or while statements are control dependent on
the control predicate
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6. Program DependenceGraph
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Cited from http://slideplayer.com/slide/4238936/

7. Testing
• AnOverview ofWhite BoxTesting
• AnOverview ofBlackBoxTesting
• White andBlackBoxTestingComparison
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8.  White box testing is the testing of a software solution’s
internal coding and infrastructure
 Focuses on security and improves design and usability
White Box Testing
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Fig) Like see-through box concept
Cited from https://global.rakuten.com/ko/store/hanjo/item/10012725/

9.  Internal security holes
 Broken or poorly structured paths in the coding process
 The flow of specific inputs through the code
 Expected output
 The functionality of conditional loops
 Testing of each statement, object, and function on an individual
basis
White Box Verification
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10. White BoxTesting
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White Box Testing
Code coverage Analysis
Branch Coverage Statement Coverage
There are the other coverages such as condition, multi condition, path, function…
;however, branch and statement will cover 80-90% which is sufficient.

11.  It identifies areas of a program that are not exercised by a set of test
cases.
 Once gap are identified, you create test cases to verify untested
parts of code, thereby increase the quality of the software product.
 Branch coverage checks every possible path ( if-else and other
conditional loops ) of a software application.
 Statement coverage requires every possible statement in the code
to be tested at least once during the testing process.
Code Coverage Analysis
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12.  Functionality of the software under test is checked without looking
at the internal code structure, implementation details or knowledge
of internal paths of the software.
 Based entirely on the software requirements and specifications
Black Box Testing
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Cited from https://imgur.com/gallery/EL0jZ8e
Not being able to see the inner workings of the
Software so that only the end-user experience can
be tested

13.  Therefore, you can test these applications by just focusing on the
inputs and outputs without knowing their internal code
implementation.
 There are three types of black box testing.
 Functional testing
 Non-functional testing
 Regression testing
Black Box Testing
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14.  White box testing (which is unit testing) validates internal structure
and working of your software code.
 The main focus of black box testing is validation of functional
requirements.
 Black box testing gives abstraction from code and focuses testing
effort on the software system behavior.
White and Black Box Testing Comparison
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15. Thank You.
24th May, 2018
t76lee@uwaterloo.ca