Skin whitening injection
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Improve your skin texture and brightness with miraculous pure hyaluronic acid...
Get ready to improve your skin texture and brightness with our miraculous pure hyaluronic acid serum. We are there to helping women see and trust in their own beauty. Try this organic formula and see magic instantly. To know more you can visit here https://www.essentialskinsolutions.com/
5 Simple Ways to Fight Clogged Pores
Looking for ways to shrink pores on your face ?Here are 5 tips that you can use.
Bellaplex defying skin age successfully
It is powerful enough to fight all aging signs on skin. You can expect it to target wrinkles, fine lines, hyper pigmentation, discoloration, dryness, and dullness.
Bye pimples and hello clear skin!
There are tons of products out in the market that promise clear skin. However, you have tried almost all of them, and nothing seems to work.
Acne is a dermatological condition caused by inflammation and mild infection in clogged pores. If not properly treated, acne can cause emotional distress, low self-esteem, and sometimes depression. In severe cases, it can lead to permanent scarring. If acne has been a persistent problem that affects you and your self-esteem, our Skin Doctors can help.
The four main reasons why you get acne are oil production, dead skin cells, clogged pores, and bacteria. When hair follicles are clogged by oil or dead skin cells, it can lead to acne. A plugged pore could cause the follicle’s wall to bulge, leading to a whitehead, or it may also be congested by oil and bacteria, later on, causing a blackhead. When these progress to an infection, it is now called a zit or pimple.
Acne can be triggered or worsened by hormones, certain medications, stress, and diet. It often appears on the face, neck, chest, shoulders, and back.
Here at Skin Doctors, there are three acne treatments work. Now, you can look and feel better without the hassle of trying new products. These treatments are:
Skin wrinkles, causes and treatment of wrinkle skin
Skin wrinkles are formed when the skin loses its elasticity. As long as the skin remains soft, any wrinkle or twitching of the skin disappears when the pressure on the skin stops. But the skin that has lost its flexibility retains the lines resulting from smiling or frowning the forehead for money even after the face is neutral expression. Over time these lines deepen into the face forming what is known as wrinkles
https://tryhealthfitness.com/skin-wrinkles-causes-treatment
Foods that will make your skin glow
Most of us head straight to our vanity tables for results of various skincare products. Although these skincare products are essential for skin health to cleanse, prevent, repair, and treat, what you eat affects your skin. As scientists learn more about diet and the body, it is increasingly evident that what you eat can significantly contribute to your health and skin aging.
Processed foods or foods high in sugar and fat can cause dry skin, acne, oiliness, and dark under-eye circles. But foods packed full of superfoods and lean, high-quality proteins are best for supporting skin health.
Professional Grooming with a Simple Makeup Guide
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its gives proper information about the wrinkles, what causes wrinkles, and its treatment
Ebook: The Insider's Guide on How to Look 10 Years Younger
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Why choose Dermal Fillers Treatment ?
We offer a range of dermal fillers - Radiesse, Toesyal, Acido hialuronico and Restyline that are specific lip, cheek, and nose filler injections.
The brightening peel
You know those pesky dark spots that make your skin tone look all uneven? They’re more than mere freckles; they’re mostly caused by sun exposure and damage over time.
Most people want to maintain a bright, radiant complexion. It is a sign of youth. Unfortunately, as we get older, our skin cells turnover at a slower rate. So, you are left with skin that has a dull appearance. Brightening Peel are designed to give your face a vibrant glow. They are designed to remove skin discoloration and melanin production.
Benefits of Brightening Fruit Peels
-Fruit peels are effective in treating skin concerns on the face, neck, and hands.
-Reduces acne, age spots,dark spots and uneven patches
-Effects of sun exposure are minimized
-Gives an even skin tone
-Minimizes the appearance of fine lines under the eyes and around the mouth caused due to ageing
- Eliminates wrinkles to some extent Other benefits of fruit peels include reinforced collagen production,
-reduction of open pores, elimination of excess surface oil and fights off
-visible signs of aging.
Dr Sachdeva’s Dental, Aesthetic And Implant Institute is one of the leading clinics in Delhi to offer brightening peels to give you a youthful and radiant skin.So hurry up and come book an appointment with us at Ashok Vihar, Delhi which has state of the art clinic and all the latest and advanced equipments.
To book an appointment contact:
Dr. Rajat Sachdeva
Director & Mentor
Dr Sachdeva’s, Dental Aesthetic And Implant Institute
I 101, Ashok Vihar Phase 1, Delhi- 110052
Contact us at
Phone : +919818894041,01142464041
Our Websites:
www.sachdevadentalcare.com
www.dentalimplantindia.co.in
www.dentalclinicindelhi.com
www.dentalcoursesdelhi.com
Facebook- dentalcoursesdelhi
Youtube- drrajatsachdeva
Linkedin- drrajatsachdeva
Slideshare- Dr Rajat Sachdeva
Twitter Page- drrajatsachdeva
Instagram page- surgicalmasterrajat
Common Skin Problems and their solutions for healthy skin.pdf
In this file, you will get knowledge about common skin problems and their solutions. Skin sicknesses are conditions that affects your skin. These illnesses might cause rashes, aggravation, irritation or other skin changes. Some skin conditions might be hereditary, while way of life elements might cause others. Skin illness treatment might incorporate meds, creams, or lifestyle changes.
Shakura treatment provides long lasting and effective pigmentation removal
If you are looking for a permanent solution foryour pigmentation and dull skin concerns, the non-invasive and gentle Miroko™ Whitening Treatment is your skin's savior, the non-invasive and completely safe Shakura Miroko™ Whitening Treatment can be your savior. The treatment helps to reduce and prevent pigmentation, and brighten dull skin tones with the help of active ingredients such as Milk Essence and Roselle Extract. It does not involve any invasive or penetrative methods like laser treatment and injections.
Skin Discoloration
Acne and dark spots may not always be an issue for everyone. We all have different skin types and our skin reacts differently to certain ingredients in our skin care products or to every day routines in general. Overall, many people face skin discolorations on their face and body. Healthline states, “Discolored skin patches are irregular areas where there are changes in skin color. They are a common problem with a wide array of potential causes.” So whenever you see an area that may be lighter than your natural skin tone, this could be a sign of discoloration. Though discolorations may be harmless, like dark spots and hyperpigmentation, discolorations is a sign of excess melanin levels, which helps even out skin tone. So if the skin has unbalanced and excess melanin levels, it creates an uneven skin tone.
Tips for a more balanced skin tone
When so many factors play into the condition of your skin tone and how even or uneven it is, achieving the buttery smooth complexion may be a distant dream.
Not all dark spots are created equal. They stem from three sources which are UV exposure, estrogen fluctuations, and injuries. UV exposure can trigger excess skin cells called solar lentigo or sunspots, or age spots. The cells that are pigmented with melanin cluster together, forming a circular mark a shades deeper than your skin tone. Estrogen fluctuations also cause uneven skin tone—due to pregnancy or birth control pills stimulate melanocyte cells to work overtime and create melasma, an unwanted pool of melanin in the skin. Injuries such as a curling iron burn or swollen pimple can also jump-start melanin production, leaving a stubborn mark called post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
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Improve your skin texture and brightness with miraculous pure hyaluronic acid...
Get ready to improve your skin texture and brightness with our miraculous pure hyaluronic acid serum. We are there to helping women see and trust in their own beauty. Try this organic formula and see magic instantly. To know more you can visit here https://www.essentialskinsolutions.com/
5 Simple Ways to Fight Clogged Pores
Looking for ways to shrink pores on your face ?Here are 5 tips that you can use.
Bellaplex defying skin age successfully
It is powerful enough to fight all aging signs on skin. You can expect it to target wrinkles, fine lines, hyper pigmentation, discoloration, dryness, and dullness.
Bye pimples and hello clear skin!
There are tons of products out in the market that promise clear skin. However, you have tried almost all of them, and nothing seems to work.
Acne is a dermatological condition caused by inflammation and mild infection in clogged pores. If not properly treated, acne can cause emotional distress, low self-esteem, and sometimes depression. In severe cases, it can lead to permanent scarring. If acne has been a persistent problem that affects you and your self-esteem, our Skin Doctors can help.
The four main reasons why you get acne are oil production, dead skin cells, clogged pores, and bacteria. When hair follicles are clogged by oil or dead skin cells, it can lead to acne. A plugged pore could cause the follicle’s wall to bulge, leading to a whitehead, or it may also be congested by oil and bacteria, later on, causing a blackhead. When these progress to an infection, it is now called a zit or pimple.
Acne can be triggered or worsened by hormones, certain medications, stress, and diet. It often appears on the face, neck, chest, shoulders, and back.
Here at Skin Doctors, there are three acne treatments work. Now, you can look and feel better without the hassle of trying new products. These treatments are:
Skin wrinkles, causes and treatment of wrinkle skin
Skin wrinkles are formed when the skin loses its elasticity. As long as the skin remains soft, any wrinkle or twitching of the skin disappears when the pressure on the skin stops. But the skin that has lost its flexibility retains the lines resulting from smiling or frowning the forehead for money even after the face is neutral expression. Over time these lines deepen into the face forming what is known as wrinkles
https://tryhealthfitness.com/skin-wrinkles-causes-treatment
Foods that will make your skin glow
Most of us head straight to our vanity tables for results of various skincare products. Although these skincare products are essential for skin health to cleanse, prevent, repair, and treat, what you eat affects your skin. As scientists learn more about diet and the body, it is increasingly evident that what you eat can significantly contribute to your health and skin aging.
Processed foods or foods high in sugar and fat can cause dry skin, acne, oiliness, and dark under-eye circles. But foods packed full of superfoods and lean, high-quality proteins are best for supporting skin health.
Professional Grooming with a Simple Makeup Guide
Proper grooming and a professional appearance are important to gain respect in the workplace. As a young professional, the way you look and carry yourself creates an impression on the people you work alongside.
Wrinkles and body odour
its gives proper information about the wrinkles, what causes wrinkles, and its treatment
Ebook: The Insider's Guide on How to Look 10 Years Younger
This Ebook walks you through step by step on how to make changes to your skin care routine and diet to knock off 10 years of aging. Learn the major factors that cause aging, where your skin is currently at in the aging process and tips from cultures around the world on looking younger.
Caring For Your Skin Has Never Been Easier
It is easy to care for your skin when you know what can cause damage. The way you take care of the ...
Monsoon Skin-Care-Tips – 6-Dos-& Don’ts To Keep Your Skin Healthy
Specialized monsoon skin care routine to keep your skin healthy and rejuvenated. Follow the 6 Dos & Don'ts tips to keep your skin safe & protect your skin from threats of the rainy season.
source:https://muskclinic.com/monsoon-skin-care-tips-6-dos-donts/
Why choose Dermal Fillers Treatment ?
We offer a range of dermal fillers - Radiesse, Toesyal, Acido hialuronico and Restyline that are specific lip, cheek, and nose filler injections.
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Improve your skin texture and brightness with miraculous pure hyaluronic acid...
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Skin wrinkles, causes and treatment of wrinkle skin
Skin wrinkles, causes and treatment of wrinkle skin
Ebook: The Insider's Guide on How to Look 10 Years Younger
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Monsoon Skin-Care-Tips – 6-Dos-& Don’ts To Keep Your Skin Healthy
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Similar to Skin whitening injection
The brightening peel
You know those pesky dark spots that make your skin tone look all uneven? They’re more than mere freckles; they’re mostly caused by sun exposure and damage over time.
Most people want to maintain a bright, radiant complexion. It is a sign of youth. Unfortunately, as we get older, our skin cells turnover at a slower rate. So, you are left with skin that has a dull appearance. Brightening Peel are designed to give your face a vibrant glow. They are designed to remove skin discoloration and melanin production.
Benefits of Brightening Fruit Peels
-Fruit peels are effective in treating skin concerns on the face, neck, and hands.
-Reduces acne, age spots,dark spots and uneven patches
-Effects of sun exposure are minimized
-Gives an even skin tone
-Minimizes the appearance of fine lines under the eyes and around the mouth caused due to ageing
- Eliminates wrinkles to some extent Other benefits of fruit peels include reinforced collagen production,
-reduction of open pores, elimination of excess surface oil and fights off
-visible signs of aging.
Dr Sachdeva’s Dental, Aesthetic And Implant Institute is one of the leading clinics in Delhi to offer brightening peels to give you a youthful and radiant skin.So hurry up and come book an appointment with us at Ashok Vihar, Delhi which has state of the art clinic and all the latest and advanced equipments.
To book an appointment contact:
Dr. Rajat Sachdeva
Director & Mentor
Dr Sachdeva’s, Dental Aesthetic And Implant Institute
I 101, Ashok Vihar Phase 1, Delhi- 110052
Contact us at
Phone : +919818894041,01142464041
Our Websites:
www.sachdevadentalcare.com
www.dentalimplantindia.co.in
www.dentalclinicindelhi.com
www.dentalcoursesdelhi.com
Facebook- dentalcoursesdelhi
Youtube- drrajatsachdeva
Linkedin- drrajatsachdeva
Slideshare- Dr Rajat Sachdeva
Twitter Page- drrajatsachdeva
Instagram page- surgicalmasterrajat
Common Skin Problems and their solutions for healthy skin.pdf
In this file, you will get knowledge about common skin problems and their solutions. Skin sicknesses are conditions that affects your skin. These illnesses might cause rashes, aggravation, irritation or other skin changes. Some skin conditions might be hereditary, while way of life elements might cause others. Skin illness treatment might incorporate meds, creams, or lifestyle changes.
Shakura treatment provides long lasting and effective pigmentation removal
If you are looking for a permanent solution foryour pigmentation and dull skin concerns, the non-invasive and gentle Miroko™ Whitening Treatment is your skin's savior, the non-invasive and completely safe Shakura Miroko™ Whitening Treatment can be your savior. The treatment helps to reduce and prevent pigmentation, and brighten dull skin tones with the help of active ingredients such as Milk Essence and Roselle Extract. It does not involve any invasive or penetrative methods like laser treatment and injections.
Skin Discoloration
Acne and dark spots may not always be an issue for everyone. We all have different skin types and our skin reacts differently to certain ingredients in our skin care products or to every day routines in general. Overall, many people face skin discolorations on their face and body. Healthline states, “Discolored skin patches are irregular areas where there are changes in skin color. They are a common problem with a wide array of potential causes.” So whenever you see an area that may be lighter than your natural skin tone, this could be a sign of discoloration. Though discolorations may be harmless, like dark spots and hyperpigmentation, discolorations is a sign of excess melanin levels, which helps even out skin tone. So if the skin has unbalanced and excess melanin levels, it creates an uneven skin tone.
Tips for a more balanced skin tone
When so many factors play into the condition of your skin tone and how even or uneven it is, achieving the buttery smooth complexion may be a distant dream.
Not all dark spots are created equal. They stem from three sources which are UV exposure, estrogen fluctuations, and injuries. UV exposure can trigger excess skin cells called solar lentigo or sunspots, or age spots. The cells that are pigmented with melanin cluster together, forming a circular mark a shades deeper than your skin tone. Estrogen fluctuations also cause uneven skin tone—due to pregnancy or birth control pills stimulate melanocyte cells to work overtime and create melasma, an unwanted pool of melanin in the skin. Injuries such as a curling iron burn or swollen pimple can also jump-start melanin production, leaving a stubborn mark called post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
How to get rid of age spots
Spending time on the sun may have its benefits, but doing it too much and not wearing protection can be harmful for your skin. Too much and constant UV exposure can cause premature aging, with visible skin damage like wrinkling of the skin and age spots.
Chemical peels
Chemical peels are used to improve and smooth the texture of skin by removing the outermost layer of skin.They can reduce freckles, age spots, dark patches and can give you a nourished and healthy skin.
Various peels can be used according to your requirements like glycolic acid, salicylic acid, lactic acid or carbolic acid.You will need to avoid sun for around 1 month and a little swelling might occur post treatment.They are ideal treatments for people with fair skin but shows good results even in people with dark skin.
Chemical peeling is done at Dr Sachdeva's Dental clinic and Facial aesthetic centre in Delhi. So hurry up and come book an appointment with us at Dr.Sachdeva’s Dental Institute, Ashok Vihar, Delhi which has state of the art clinic and all the latest and advanced equipments.
To book an appointment contact:
Dr. Rajat Sachdeva
Director & Mentor
Dr Sachdeva’s Dental Aesthetic And Implant Institute
I 101, Ashok Vihar Phase 1, Delhi- 110052
Contact us at
Phone : +919818894041,01142464041
Our Websites:
www.sachdevadentalcare.com
www.dentalimplantindia.co.in
www.dentalclinicindelhi.com
www.dentalcoursesdelhi.com
Facebook- dentalcoursesdelhi
Youtube- drrajatsachdeva
Linkedin- drrajatsachdeva
Slideshare- Dr Rajat Sachdeva
Twitter Page- drrajatsachdeva
Instagram page- surgicalmasterrajat
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What does exfoliant do to your skin
Your skin naturally sheds dead skin cells to make room for new cells every thirty days. However, sometimes, dead skin doesn’t rid entirely, and exfoliation can help.
Exfoliating is the process of removing dead skin cells from the surface of your skin using a chemical, granular substance, or an exfoliation tool.
The tricky thing about exfoliation is it can either work wonders for your skin, or it can destroy your skin barrier. While some people believe that exfoliation improves the appearance of your skin, it is not for everyone. If not done correctly, it could do more harm than good.
There are two main methods for at-home exfoliation, mechanical and chemical. Mechanical exfoliation uses a brush or sponge tool, or scrub that physically removes dead skin cells. Whereas chemical exfoliation uses chemicals such as alpha and beta hydroxy acids to gently dissolves dead skin cells.
If you choose to exfoliate, here are dermatologist-recommended tips to prevent further damage to your skin:
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Common Skin Problems and their solutions for healthy skin.pdf
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Shakura treatment provides long lasting and effective pigmentation removal
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Physiology of Chemical Sensation of smell.pdf
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
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Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
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RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnataka
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
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