This document presents a comparative study of the effect of farming on anthropological parameters among farmers and non-farmers in Bankura district, West Bengal, India. The study found that:
1) While farmers and non-farmers had similar BMI scores, farmers had lower blood pressure, heart rate, and higher physical fitness index scores, likely due to the physical demands of farming.
2) Farmers reported more musculoskeletal disorders, especially in the low back, hips, elbows, and fingers, due to performing strenuous physical tasks for long periods.
3) According to personal statements, farmers suffered from hypertension, cardiovascular, and orthopedic problems at higher rates than non-farmers. The study suggests
Total and Cause-Specific Mortality of U.S. Nurses Working Rotating Night ShiftsEmergency Live
Know more on http://www.emergency-live.com
Total and Cause-Specific Mortality of U.S.
Nurses Working Rotating Night Shifts
Fangyi Gu, MD, ScD, Jiali Han, PhD, Francine Laden, ScD, An Pan, PhD, Neil E. Caporaso, MD,
Meir J. Stampfer, MD, DrPH, Ichiro Kawachi, MD, PhD, Kathryn M. Rexrode, MD, MPH,
Walter C. Willett,MD, DrPH, Susan E. Hankinson, ScD, Frank E. Speizer,MD, Eva S. Schernhammer,MD, DrPH
Background: Rotating night shift work imposes circadian strain and is linked to the risk of several
chronic diseases.
Purpose: To examine associations between rotating night shift work and all-cause; cardiovascular
disease (CVD); and cancer mortality in a prospective cohort study of 74,862 registered U.S. nurses
from the Nurses’ Health Study.
Methods: Lifetime rotating night shift work (defined as Z3 nights/month) information was
collected in 1988. During 22 years (1988–2010) of follow-up, 14,181 deaths were documented,
including 3,062 CVD and 5,413 cancer deaths. Cox proportional hazards models estimated
multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs.
Results: All-cause and CVD mortality were significantly increased among women withZ5 years of
rotating night shift work, compared to women who never worked night shifts. Specifically, for
women with 6–14 and Z15 years of rotating night shift work, the HRs were 1.11 (95% CI¼1.06,
1.17) and 1.11 (95% CI¼1.05, 1.18) for all-cause mortality and 1.19 (95% CI¼1.07, 1.33) and 1.23
(95% CI¼1.09, 1.38) for CVD mortality. There was no significant association between rotating night
shift work and all-cancer mortality (HRZ15years¼1.08, 95% CI¼0.98, 1.19) or mortality of any
individual cancer, with the exception of lung cancer (HRZ15years¼1.25, 95% CI¼1.04, 1.51).
Conclusions: Women working rotating night shifts for Z5 years have a modest increase in allcause
and CVD mortality; those working Z15 years of rotating night shift work have a modest
increase in lung cancer mortality. These results add to prior evidence of a potentially detrimental
effect of rotating night shift work on health and longevity.
(Am J Prev Med 2015;](]):]]]–]]]) & 2015 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. All rights reserved.
Total and Cause-Specific Mortality of U.S. Nurses Working Rotating Night ShiftsEmergency Live
Know more on http://www.emergency-live.com
Total and Cause-Specific Mortality of U.S.
Nurses Working Rotating Night Shifts
Fangyi Gu, MD, ScD, Jiali Han, PhD, Francine Laden, ScD, An Pan, PhD, Neil E. Caporaso, MD,
Meir J. Stampfer, MD, DrPH, Ichiro Kawachi, MD, PhD, Kathryn M. Rexrode, MD, MPH,
Walter C. Willett,MD, DrPH, Susan E. Hankinson, ScD, Frank E. Speizer,MD, Eva S. Schernhammer,MD, DrPH
Background: Rotating night shift work imposes circadian strain and is linked to the risk of several
chronic diseases.
Purpose: To examine associations between rotating night shift work and all-cause; cardiovascular
disease (CVD); and cancer mortality in a prospective cohort study of 74,862 registered U.S. nurses
from the Nurses’ Health Study.
Methods: Lifetime rotating night shift work (defined as Z3 nights/month) information was
collected in 1988. During 22 years (1988–2010) of follow-up, 14,181 deaths were documented,
including 3,062 CVD and 5,413 cancer deaths. Cox proportional hazards models estimated
multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs.
Results: All-cause and CVD mortality were significantly increased among women withZ5 years of
rotating night shift work, compared to women who never worked night shifts. Specifically, for
women with 6–14 and Z15 years of rotating night shift work, the HRs were 1.11 (95% CI¼1.06,
1.17) and 1.11 (95% CI¼1.05, 1.18) for all-cause mortality and 1.19 (95% CI¼1.07, 1.33) and 1.23
(95% CI¼1.09, 1.38) for CVD mortality. There was no significant association between rotating night
shift work and all-cancer mortality (HRZ15years¼1.08, 95% CI¼0.98, 1.19) or mortality of any
individual cancer, with the exception of lung cancer (HRZ15years¼1.25, 95% CI¼1.04, 1.51).
Conclusions: Women working rotating night shifts for Z5 years have a modest increase in allcause
and CVD mortality; those working Z15 years of rotating night shift work have a modest
increase in lung cancer mortality. These results add to prior evidence of a potentially detrimental
effect of rotating night shift work on health and longevity.
(Am J Prev Med 2015;](]):]]]–]]]) & 2015 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. All rights reserved.
Regional variation in chronic kidney disease and associated factors in hypert...M A Hasnat
We aimed to determine the prevalence of chronic
kidney disease (CKD) and its cross-country variation among
hypertensive individuals in rural Bangladesh, Pakistan and
Sri Lanka.We also explored the factors associated with CKD in
these populations.
Prevalence of Hyperuricemia at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital, B...BRNSS Publication Hub
Serum uric acid (SUA) and the prevalence of hyperuricemia have been increasing both in developing and developed countries over the past decades. Recent studies suggest that hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome, type-2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Although the incidence of gout in Nepalese adults is increasing, epidemiologic studies on hyperuricemia in the general Nepalese population are limited. The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of hyperuricemia at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted from December 2015 to November 2016. A total of 1513 (507 males and 625 females) outpatient department from Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal, were participated in this survey. Total subject was investigated for SUA by uricase/phenol-aminophenazone (PAP) method. SUA concentration of >7 mg/dl in men and >6 mg/dl in women was considered as hyperuricemia. Overall prevalence of hyperuricemia among the total population (1513) was 25.18%. Among hyperuricemia population, the prevalence of men and women was 25.33% and 25.05%, respectively. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was high in young Nepalese adults of age <20 years (39.53% in men and 35.06% in female). Similarly, >60 years age group, hyperuricemia in men and women was 32.85% and 28.88%, respectively. The prevalence of hyperuricemia among <20 years age group was relatively high followed by >60 years age group. There was high prevalence of hyperuricemia among the men compare to women of these populations of Biratnagar, Nepal.
exercise as determinant prevention of high blood pressure in container crane ...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Metabolic syndrome (Mets) is a multiple risk factor for coronary heart disease, diabetes, and several organ malfunctions that comes up from insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunctions caused of abnormal adipose deposition. One of the component criteria of metabolic syndrome is elevated blood pressure. Unhealthy lifestyle and sedentary physical activity are considered to have relationship with metabolic syndrome incidents in workers. This study aimed to analyze smoking habit, regular exercise and family’s medical history associated with blood pressure using International Diabetic Federation Criteria for Mets in a container crane operator’s population. The study was explored in a cross sectional study of 40 container crane operator. Using logistic regression for analyzing, the study found that regular exercise had significant association with blood pressure in worker adjusted with age.
Epidemiology of Hypertension among Adults in Al-Azhary Area in Khartoum-State...inventionjournals
Hypertension (HT) is one of the most important risk factors in cardiovascular disease which causes early death in adults. Hypertension is a common disease associated with high mortality and morbidity. Hypertension a silent killer as it is symptomless and remains undiagnosed, and not controlled if diagnosed. This is a descriptive cross - sectional community based study was conducted in Al-Azhary area in Khartoum StateSudan, with aim to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and to identify the possible risk factors associated with hypertension among adults. Data were collected from 303 participants (53.5% females and 46.5% males) using structured pretested questionnaire and blood pressure. The prevalence of hypertension was 19.1% (95% CI 0.61-1.93).There was no significant sex difference in the prevalence rate OR 1.09 (95% CI 0.61-1.93, P = 0.767). The results showed there was strong association between age group and hypertension (P = 0.0001), also there was statistical association between marital status, family history and hypertension positivity P.values =(0.0001 and 0.027) respectively. There was a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension among participants with diabetes, Vascular diseases and kidneys problems OR= (5.44(95% CI 1.89- 15.69, P = 0.017), 4.4(95% CI 0.86 - 2.39, P = 0.074) and 3.56 (95% CI 0.92-13.68, P = 0.05) respectively. Conclusion: one out of every five respondents of the study had hypertensive (19.1%). Age group, marital status, family history, history of (diabetes, vascular diseases and kidneys problems)were statistically significant predictors of hypertension positivity.
Microalbuminuria in Saudi Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus_Crimson Publis...CrimsonPublishersIOD
Background: Diabetes mellitus is among the most common chronic non-communicable diseases. The development of microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes increases the risk for renal and cardiovascular disease.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at the Primary Health Care Clinics at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 334 Saudi with type 1 diabetes were randomly selected.
Results: Total of 334 patients with T2DM included in this study; 102 (30.5%) male and 232 (69.5%) female with mean age 25.8±3.4. MA was present in 99 (29.6%). MA was not significantly more prevalent in female (69.4%) with female predominance (sex ratio male: female) 1:2.3. HTN with MA was significantly more prevalent in 51(51.5%) of MA group with odd ratio 1.7 (1.2-2.4), p=0.001 with no siginificant difference between both gender. Patients with MA have significant higher HbA1c than patients with normal buminuria and there was a significant difference between gender (p< 0.0001) and when compared to HbA1c groups (p=0.002).
Conclusion: The frequency of microalbuminuria in patients with type 1 diabetes in this study is high. It is mandatory to have adequate diagnostic, therapeutic and educational resources in addition to competent physicians who can manage microalbuminuria in diabetic patients by using a continuing, comprehensive and coordinated approach.
A cross-sectional study on the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors amon...Jameel Hijazeen
YouTube Video of me presentation these results: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YocIOa-5eI8
By Jameel Khaleel Hijazeen (1); Oday Zayid Al-Ma'aitah (1); Mahmoud Yaseen Abuznaid, MD (2); Ahmed Nader Abo.sharak (1); Khaled Ali AlShar' (1); Imad Farjou, MD, PhD (3).
[1] Sixth-year medical students, Faculty of Medicine, Mu'tah University, Karak, Jordan.
[2] Intern, Al-Bashir Teaching Hospital, Amman, Jordan.
[3] Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mu'tah University, Karak, Jordan.
طلاب السنة السادسة: جميل خليل حجازين، عدي زايد المعايطة ، احمد نادر ابوشرخ، خالد علي الشرع.
طبيب إمتياز، مستشفى البشير: محمود ياسين أبوزنيد.
الأستاذ المشرف: عماد فرجو.
----------------------------------------------------------------
It was presented by me, Jameel Khaleel Hijazeen, sixth-year medical student at Mu'tah University, today, April 11th, 2013, at the 9th Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Medicine at Mu'tah University, Karak, Jordan.
There is always something better! Especially when you are doing something you never did before. Therefore, any feedback is more than welcome.
Some photos and more details about this research and the conference: http://amanfrommoab.com/2013/04/11/the-ninth-scientific-conference-of-the-faculty-of-medicine-at-mutah-university-karak-jordan-april-3-4-2013-2/
Prevalence of Anamiea and Its Predictors in Pregnant Women Attending Antenata...iosrjce
Background: Anemia impairs cognitive development, reduces physical work capacity and in severe cases
increases risk of mortality particularly during prenatal period. In India, 16% of maternal deaths are attributed
to anemia. However, high prevalence of anemia among pregnant women persists in India despite the
availability of effective, low-cost interventions for prevention and treatment. Aknowledge of them
sociodemographic factors associated with anemia will help to formulate multipronged strategies to attack this
important public health problem in pregnancy.
Objective: To assess the prevalence of anaemia and its predicting factors among pregnant women attending
antenatal clinic at Tertiary care center.
Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study
Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study design was conducted from January 2014 – September 2014
among 5788 pregnant womens who had been attending antenatal clinic. Red blood cell morphology and Hgb
level determination were assessed following the standard procedures. Socio-demographic data was collected by
using a structured questionnaire. The data entered and analyzed by using the SPSS version 16.0 statistical
software. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Result: Overall prevalence of anemia among the pregnant women was found to be 86.37%. Factors such as
diet, level of education of women and their husbands and socioeconomic status were found to be significantly
associated with the prevalence of anemia in pregnancy.
Conclusion: The present study showed high prevalence of anemia and the majority of them were of the
moderate type (hemoglobin: 10-10.9 g/dl). Low socioeconomic class, illiteracy, Multiparous were significantly
associated with high prevalence of anemia during pregnancy in Indian women.
The current study, which was conducted in the district Dir (Upper) in Khyber
Pukhtunkhwa Pakistan, investigated the relationship between dietary patterns and
the prevalence of hypertension. A total of three hundred and thirty one sample size
was determined from 2500 respondents as per the Sekarn criteria. The sampled
respondents were recruited from Rural Health Centers (RHC) and other clinics and
dispensaries in Tehsil (Sub-division) Sheringal of district Dir Upper, Khyber
Pukhtunkhwah Pakistan using a convenient sampling method. Further, the data
were collected through a structured questionnaire covering the study variables,
which were dietary habits (independent variable) and hypertension (dependent
variable). Moreover, the selected data were analyzed by the application of SPSS
(25 version) by applying descriptive statistics and chi-square test statistics
analysis. Furthermore, all the attributes of hypertension were indexed and crosstabulated to expose the association with dietary habits at bivariate level analysis.
With descriptive statistics, the results indicated that majority of the respondents,
with regards to gender identity, who suffered from hypertension were male,
between the age group of 40-59 years, with a high illiteracy level. At bivariate level
a significant association was found between hypertension and lack of proper food;
less vegetable consumption; and excessive usage of salty food was the major
cause of hypertension. Based on the aforementioned findings, it is possible to
conclude that the respondents' poor daily food habits were the root cause of their
hypertension. Furthermore, the consumption of fatty and salty foods rather than
vegetables was discovered to be additional contributing factors to hypert
Regional variation in chronic kidney disease and associated factors in hypert...M A Hasnat
We aimed to determine the prevalence of chronic
kidney disease (CKD) and its cross-country variation among
hypertensive individuals in rural Bangladesh, Pakistan and
Sri Lanka.We also explored the factors associated with CKD in
these populations.
Prevalence of Hyperuricemia at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital, B...BRNSS Publication Hub
Serum uric acid (SUA) and the prevalence of hyperuricemia have been increasing both in developing and developed countries over the past decades. Recent studies suggest that hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome, type-2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Although the incidence of gout in Nepalese adults is increasing, epidemiologic studies on hyperuricemia in the general Nepalese population are limited. The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of hyperuricemia at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted from December 2015 to November 2016. A total of 1513 (507 males and 625 females) outpatient department from Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal, were participated in this survey. Total subject was investigated for SUA by uricase/phenol-aminophenazone (PAP) method. SUA concentration of >7 mg/dl in men and >6 mg/dl in women was considered as hyperuricemia. Overall prevalence of hyperuricemia among the total population (1513) was 25.18%. Among hyperuricemia population, the prevalence of men and women was 25.33% and 25.05%, respectively. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was high in young Nepalese adults of age <20 years (39.53% in men and 35.06% in female). Similarly, >60 years age group, hyperuricemia in men and women was 32.85% and 28.88%, respectively. The prevalence of hyperuricemia among <20 years age group was relatively high followed by >60 years age group. There was high prevalence of hyperuricemia among the men compare to women of these populations of Biratnagar, Nepal.
exercise as determinant prevention of high blood pressure in container crane ...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Metabolic syndrome (Mets) is a multiple risk factor for coronary heart disease, diabetes, and several organ malfunctions that comes up from insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunctions caused of abnormal adipose deposition. One of the component criteria of metabolic syndrome is elevated blood pressure. Unhealthy lifestyle and sedentary physical activity are considered to have relationship with metabolic syndrome incidents in workers. This study aimed to analyze smoking habit, regular exercise and family’s medical history associated with blood pressure using International Diabetic Federation Criteria for Mets in a container crane operator’s population. The study was explored in a cross sectional study of 40 container crane operator. Using logistic regression for analyzing, the study found that regular exercise had significant association with blood pressure in worker adjusted with age.
Epidemiology of Hypertension among Adults in Al-Azhary Area in Khartoum-State...inventionjournals
Hypertension (HT) is one of the most important risk factors in cardiovascular disease which causes early death in adults. Hypertension is a common disease associated with high mortality and morbidity. Hypertension a silent killer as it is symptomless and remains undiagnosed, and not controlled if diagnosed. This is a descriptive cross - sectional community based study was conducted in Al-Azhary area in Khartoum StateSudan, with aim to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and to identify the possible risk factors associated with hypertension among adults. Data were collected from 303 participants (53.5% females and 46.5% males) using structured pretested questionnaire and blood pressure. The prevalence of hypertension was 19.1% (95% CI 0.61-1.93).There was no significant sex difference in the prevalence rate OR 1.09 (95% CI 0.61-1.93, P = 0.767). The results showed there was strong association between age group and hypertension (P = 0.0001), also there was statistical association between marital status, family history and hypertension positivity P.values =(0.0001 and 0.027) respectively. There was a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension among participants with diabetes, Vascular diseases and kidneys problems OR= (5.44(95% CI 1.89- 15.69, P = 0.017), 4.4(95% CI 0.86 - 2.39, P = 0.074) and 3.56 (95% CI 0.92-13.68, P = 0.05) respectively. Conclusion: one out of every five respondents of the study had hypertensive (19.1%). Age group, marital status, family history, history of (diabetes, vascular diseases and kidneys problems)were statistically significant predictors of hypertension positivity.
Microalbuminuria in Saudi Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus_Crimson Publis...CrimsonPublishersIOD
Background: Diabetes mellitus is among the most common chronic non-communicable diseases. The development of microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes increases the risk for renal and cardiovascular disease.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at the Primary Health Care Clinics at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 334 Saudi with type 1 diabetes were randomly selected.
Results: Total of 334 patients with T2DM included in this study; 102 (30.5%) male and 232 (69.5%) female with mean age 25.8±3.4. MA was present in 99 (29.6%). MA was not significantly more prevalent in female (69.4%) with female predominance (sex ratio male: female) 1:2.3. HTN with MA was significantly more prevalent in 51(51.5%) of MA group with odd ratio 1.7 (1.2-2.4), p=0.001 with no siginificant difference between both gender. Patients with MA have significant higher HbA1c than patients with normal buminuria and there was a significant difference between gender (p< 0.0001) and when compared to HbA1c groups (p=0.002).
Conclusion: The frequency of microalbuminuria in patients with type 1 diabetes in this study is high. It is mandatory to have adequate diagnostic, therapeutic and educational resources in addition to competent physicians who can manage microalbuminuria in diabetic patients by using a continuing, comprehensive and coordinated approach.
A cross-sectional study on the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors amon...Jameel Hijazeen
YouTube Video of me presentation these results: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YocIOa-5eI8
By Jameel Khaleel Hijazeen (1); Oday Zayid Al-Ma'aitah (1); Mahmoud Yaseen Abuznaid, MD (2); Ahmed Nader Abo.sharak (1); Khaled Ali AlShar' (1); Imad Farjou, MD, PhD (3).
[1] Sixth-year medical students, Faculty of Medicine, Mu'tah University, Karak, Jordan.
[2] Intern, Al-Bashir Teaching Hospital, Amman, Jordan.
[3] Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mu'tah University, Karak, Jordan.
طلاب السنة السادسة: جميل خليل حجازين، عدي زايد المعايطة ، احمد نادر ابوشرخ، خالد علي الشرع.
طبيب إمتياز، مستشفى البشير: محمود ياسين أبوزنيد.
الأستاذ المشرف: عماد فرجو.
----------------------------------------------------------------
It was presented by me, Jameel Khaleel Hijazeen, sixth-year medical student at Mu'tah University, today, April 11th, 2013, at the 9th Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Medicine at Mu'tah University, Karak, Jordan.
There is always something better! Especially when you are doing something you never did before. Therefore, any feedback is more than welcome.
Some photos and more details about this research and the conference: http://amanfrommoab.com/2013/04/11/the-ninth-scientific-conference-of-the-faculty-of-medicine-at-mutah-university-karak-jordan-april-3-4-2013-2/
Prevalence of Anamiea and Its Predictors in Pregnant Women Attending Antenata...iosrjce
Background: Anemia impairs cognitive development, reduces physical work capacity and in severe cases
increases risk of mortality particularly during prenatal period. In India, 16% of maternal deaths are attributed
to anemia. However, high prevalence of anemia among pregnant women persists in India despite the
availability of effective, low-cost interventions for prevention and treatment. Aknowledge of them
sociodemographic factors associated with anemia will help to formulate multipronged strategies to attack this
important public health problem in pregnancy.
Objective: To assess the prevalence of anaemia and its predicting factors among pregnant women attending
antenatal clinic at Tertiary care center.
Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study
Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study design was conducted from January 2014 – September 2014
among 5788 pregnant womens who had been attending antenatal clinic. Red blood cell morphology and Hgb
level determination were assessed following the standard procedures. Socio-demographic data was collected by
using a structured questionnaire. The data entered and analyzed by using the SPSS version 16.0 statistical
software. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Result: Overall prevalence of anemia among the pregnant women was found to be 86.37%. Factors such as
diet, level of education of women and their husbands and socioeconomic status were found to be significantly
associated with the prevalence of anemia in pregnancy.
Conclusion: The present study showed high prevalence of anemia and the majority of them were of the
moderate type (hemoglobin: 10-10.9 g/dl). Low socioeconomic class, illiteracy, Multiparous were significantly
associated with high prevalence of anemia during pregnancy in Indian women.
The current study, which was conducted in the district Dir (Upper) in Khyber
Pukhtunkhwa Pakistan, investigated the relationship between dietary patterns and
the prevalence of hypertension. A total of three hundred and thirty one sample size
was determined from 2500 respondents as per the Sekarn criteria. The sampled
respondents were recruited from Rural Health Centers (RHC) and other clinics and
dispensaries in Tehsil (Sub-division) Sheringal of district Dir Upper, Khyber
Pukhtunkhwah Pakistan using a convenient sampling method. Further, the data
were collected through a structured questionnaire covering the study variables,
which were dietary habits (independent variable) and hypertension (dependent
variable). Moreover, the selected data were analyzed by the application of SPSS
(25 version) by applying descriptive statistics and chi-square test statistics
analysis. Furthermore, all the attributes of hypertension were indexed and crosstabulated to expose the association with dietary habits at bivariate level analysis.
With descriptive statistics, the results indicated that majority of the respondents,
with regards to gender identity, who suffered from hypertension were male,
between the age group of 40-59 years, with a high illiteracy level. At bivariate level
a significant association was found between hypertension and lack of proper food;
less vegetable consumption; and excessive usage of salty food was the major
cause of hypertension. Based on the aforementioned findings, it is possible to
conclude that the respondents' poor daily food habits were the root cause of their
hypertension. Furthermore, the consumption of fatty and salty foods rather than
vegetables was discovered to be additional contributing factors to hypert
Background: Alcohol has long been a global social and medical issue. According to W.H.O report. Total 3.3 million people die from
alcohol abuse annually. Alcoholic liver disease (A.L.D.) ranges from steatosis to liver cirrhosis. Chronic heavy drinkers get hepatitis
or cirrhosis 15 20% of the time
Methods: This study was c onducted in the general medicine inpatient department at PGIMER & C . in Bhubaneswar, Odisha,
Indi a. All hospitali z ed patients with liver illness who had previously t aken alcohol were screened. Each patient's alcohol
consumption, including native alcoholic beverages, was recorded. To support the diagnosis, all standard and extra examination s
were carri ed out. The modified Kuppuswamy scale was used to determine s s ocioeconomic class.
Results: The study comprised 186 participants with a median age of 46. The gender ratio was 3:1, with 139 (74.7%) men. Urban
populations have a greater prevalence of alcohol ic liver disease (60.75%) than rural populations (39.24%). The l ower
s ocioeconomic c lass (50.53%) has the highest rate of alcoholic liver disease. Men drink more (>700 gm/wk) and married people
drink more. A woman who drinks 140 280 grams per week for 10 1 5 years is more likely to develop alcoholic liver disease than a
man who drinks >700 grams per week for 15 years.
Conclusions: In this study, we conclude d that the prevalence of A .L. about S .E. is of utmost importance in developing
population based st r ategies that effectively educate individuals on the need to modify their drinking habits. This is crucial to
mitigate the occurrence of alcohol consumption and its associated repercussions.
Key-words: Socioeconomic status, Hospitalized Patients, Alcoholic Liver Disease
Crimson Publishers - Self-Explanatory Non-Funded Project Study of Dysmenorrhe...CrimsonPublishersDCMP
Self-Explanatory Non-Funded Project Study of Dysmenorrhea and Impact on Quality of Life in Rajgad Dnyanpeeth's College of Pharmacy-Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune by Rahul Hajare* in Developments in Clinical & Medical Pathology
Life Style for Adult Patients with Hyperthyroidism at Baghdad Teaching Hospitaliosrjce
IOSR Journal of Nursing and health Science is ambitious to disseminate information and experience in education, practice and investigation between medicine, nursing and all the sciences involved in health care. Nursing & Health Sciences focuses on the international exchange of knowledge in nursing and health sciences. The journal publishes peer-reviewed papers on original research, education and clinical practice.
By encouraging scholars from around the world to share their knowledge and expertise, the journal aims to provide the reader with a deeper understanding of the lived experience of nursing and health sciences and the opportunity to enrich their own area of practice. The journal publishes original papers, reviews, special and general articles, case management etc.
Health Impact of Agricultural Activities on Female Workers A Theoretical ReviewYogeshIJTSRD
The production of agricultural products has been increased year by year in our country after the adoption of green revolution. It helps to reduce the shortage of food but with the excess usage of pesticides, insecticides our food become poisonous. The workers who involved in these activities specially females are unaware from the adverse effects of it on their health. Also, due to agricultural activities their body posture got imbalanced as they worked for long hours in farms and they feel pain in various body parts. The problem is that farm women dont want to know about the reason of their unhealthy situation. Government should organize seminars, awareness programmes regarding use of modern agricultural techniques, for intake of healthy diet and make some policies in favor of farm women. Manpreet Kaur "Health Impact of Agricultural Activities on Female-Workers: A Theoretical Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd41227.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comeconomics/other/41227/health-impact-of-agricultural-activities-on-femaleworkers-a-theoretical-review/manpreet-kaur
Effectiveness of Nutrition Education Program, and Dietary Pattern Assessment ...ijtsrd
Background Being active and adhering to a right dietary regime perpetuates physiological, psychological and social health of the individual. To ameliorate nutritional well being at the time of Covid 19 especially among farmers still a challenge due to lack of awareness and nutrition education program. Farmers are prominent in our nation and source of dependent for safe food they are unperturbed about their dietary pattern which effectuates illness, infection and diseases among farmers. Hence it is necessary to study about their dietary pattern, and educate those regarding safe eating practices, and to sustain good hygiene practices during Covid 19. Objectives The present study was conducted to elicit information regarding the socio demographic profile, medical history and dietary pattern of the farmers. To conduct and to analyze the effect of nutrition education program using the pretest and post test questionnaire. Methodology This experimental research was conducted among one hundred and sixty farmers between 20 to 60 years of age residing in the villages of Ramanathapuram district Tharakudi and Kokkarasankottai respectively using an Interview schedule. This study was conducted in the period of October 2020 to April 2021 after first wave hits India. Flex, Posters and Pamphlets were prepared and used as a tool for conducting Nutrition Education Program. Culmination of Nutrition education program was live demonstration and distribution of Foxtail millet pongal and kabasura kudineer to the farmers as to ignite the importance of traditional millets consumption, locally available fruits and Zinc and Vitamin C rich foods in farmer’s diet to combat the transmission of virus. Pre test and Post test questionnaire were used to assess the practice of eating right and to appraise the impact of nutrition education program. Statistical analysis’t’ test was used to determine the significance of the nutrition education program. Results Majority thirty five percent of the farmers aged above 50 and ninety five percent of the farmers are re using the oil which may induce affliction among farmers. It has been found that forty nine percent of the farmers reported with knee and joint pain and twenty six percent of the farmers had hyper tension. Almost all the farmers are including cereals daily in their diet and Palm oil is the main source of oil which was used in their cooking widely beside sunflower oil. Live demonstration of Foxtail millet pongal and kabasura kudineer were administered. Group counseling and in matter of necessity, personal counseling was also given to the farmers. Result reveals that there is a significant difference p 0.05 before and after the nutrition education program. Conclusion Value of Traditional foods, consumption of fruits and vegetables has been re recognized during the times of Covid 19. Nevertheless they don’t give great significance to their dietary pattern, Nutrition Education Program was conducted to empower the farmers and to fil
Abstract— Agriculture is the basic need of human being to survive. Increase in human population, increases the food production. Largest areas are under rice cultivation. Rice plants were prone to attack by insect and pest. So, for its survival use of pesticide is necessary, but this had lead risk behaviour among rice farmers. The study was based on the farmers of Bargarh and Sundargarh District of Odisha regarding pesticide usage condition .100 farmers were interviewed from both the district, using questionnaire methods from February to April 2015. A questionnaire survey on personal history regarding agricultural labour, pesticide use and health history was conducted. Descriptive statistics was used for analysis of quantitative data. The most frequently used pesticides included organophosphates, carbamates. 2-3 times pesticide was applied after 15 days, after 1 month and also before the production time. Demographic data shows 87 respondents were male farmers rests were female farmers out of 100 respondents. Only 85 respondents were using sprayer for spraying pesticides out of 100 but 36 respondents were only using protective covers. 12 farmers only follow the instruction given on the pesticide container. 33 respondents have the knowledge of colour coding present in the pesticide bottle. Health symptom showed less frequently, in farmers using protective covers. Out of 100 respondents 58 had skin contact, 12 respondents suffer from eye irritation, and 28 respondents feel drowsiness after strong smell of pesticides while 31 farmers suffer from headache. Major factors of pesticide poisoning are due to lack of attention to safety precautions and lack of training before using of pesticide. So, training programme is necessary to improve safer pesticide behaviours, create more awareness among the farmers and also introduction of using bio pesticide instead of using pesticide.
Prevalence and predictors of mental health among farmworkers in Southeastern ...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract—
Background: Mental health problems represent a major component of the global burden of disease. The primary objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and predictors of psychological wellbeing among farmworkers and to evaluate their mental health services need for in rural primary health care settings.
Methods: The study sample comprised 1855 farmworkers (918 women, and 937 men) who were selected using probability cluster sampling method at 95% confidence interval (87.6 % response rate). The 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and socio-demographic information form were used to data collection.
Results: The overall prevalence of mental health problems was 31.5%; the prevalence among women was 1.4 times that of men (35%, females; 28.2%, males). Logistic regression analyses revealed that poor general health, as well as presence of chronic diseases and exposure to traumatic life events predicted mental ill health among both sex. Poor economic situation, being seasonal migrant farmworker, and pesticide exposure history affected male mental health problems; while type of settlement, history of having disabled child at birth, and not having a family physician were significant predictors of female mental ill health (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: These findings highlight the need for systematic development of community-based mental health services in conjunction with rural primary health care center and an integrated approach to health care of farmworkers. These include screening, early identification and treatment of mental health problems, development of non-communicable disease (NCD) control program, maternal health services and urgent measures to improve farmworkers’ work safety and pesticide applications.
Pesticides toxicity assessment in occupational workers in Dir Lower, Khyber P...Innspub Net
Pesticides are chemical compounds used to control insects and weeds to enhance food and crops productivity. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of pesticides on health status of dealers and farmers in district Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Blood samples were collected from different groups viz: farmers, dealers (exposed to pesticides), and control (not exposed to pesticides) and the history was recorded on a questioner. For Blood Profiling and Serum Biomarkers analysis, Sysmex Kx-21 (Japan) and Shiamadzu Double Beam Spectrophotometer 1700 Pharma (Japan) were used. Upon pesticides exposure the blood cholesterol, Triglyceride, Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, Uric Acid, Total Lipid, Low density lipoprotein, High density lipoprotein, Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration, Platelets and White Blood Cells count were increased in dealers and farmers as compared to control group. While, Hemoglobin, Red Blood Cells, hematocrit, Mean Corpuscular Volume, Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin, Lymphocytes and Neutrophils counts decreased in farmers and dealers as compared to control. The present findings suggest that pesticides exposure adversely affect dealers and farmers health status by significantly altering their liver and kidney functions as well as blood biochemistry and hematology.
Abstract—Diabetes is a disease which is on continuous increase specialy in country like India. It involve is a multisystem so intend to affect quality of life of patients. So this study was conducted on 250 Diabetes Mellitus patients to observe their quality of life on various domains viz Physical, Mental, Social and environmental through WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire. It was found that 54.4% were unable to level their quality of life, they say neither good nor bad. But 23.2% were feeling bad and 22.4 % were feeling good about their quality of life. Whereas regarding patient's satisfaction about their health 39.2% were unable to level their quality of life and 35.6% were dissatisfied and 25.2 % were satisfied with their health. Significantly more cases were unable to understand about their quality of life than their satisfaction to their health. It was also found that Physical quality of life was affected most followed by environmental, psychological and social dimension of quality of life.
Effect of Antenatal Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise on Postnatal Stress Urinary ...Crimsonpublishers-IGRWH
Effect of Antenatal Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise on Postnatal Stress Urinary Incontinence in Primigravida - An Comparative Experimental Study by Rejisha TR in Womens health Journal
Effect of Antenatal Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise on Postnatal Stress Urinary ...
SJMPS-26129-133
1. DOI: 10.21276/sjmps.2016.2.6.2
129
Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences ISSN 2413-4929 (Print)
Scholars Middle East Publishers ISSN 2413-4910 (Online)
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Website: http://scholarsmepub.com/
Research Article
Comparative Study of Effect of Farming on Anthropological Parameters among
Farmers and Non-farmers
Sougata Ganguly1
, Rajkumar Maiti2
, Megha Gupta3
, Prithviraj Karak2
1
Student, Centre for Applied Genetics, Bangalore University, Janna Bharathi, Bangalore-560056
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Bankura Christian College, P.O. + Dist- Bankura, Pin-722101
3
Student, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Academy Degree College, Hennur Cross, Kalyan Nagar, Bangalore-
560043
*Corresponding Author:
Prithviraj Karak
Email: drpkarak@gmail.com
Abstract: In most countries, agriculture is recognized as one of the most hazardous industries. Investigating the health
status of agricultural workers is a challenging goal. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of physical activity
and exercise on both farmers’ and non-farmers health status on farm production at selected villages in Bankura district,
West Bengal. In this cross-sectional study, certain anthropological parameters were compared between farmers and non-
farmers living in the same rural area. Farmers and non-farmers, matched per age and sex, were selected randomly in the
agricultural areas of different parts of Bankura. According to personal statements, farmers suffered from several
musculoskeletal disorders and joint pains such as waist region, low back pain. BMI, HR, BP were found to be lower
among farmers. Whereas their PFI scores and recovery duration were higher than non-farmers. This study also shows
though farmers have more musculoskeletal disorders than normal sedentary workers, farmers are comparatively more fit
than non-farmers. According to personal statements, farmers suffered from hypertension, cardiovascular and orthopaedic
problems in higher frequency.
Keywords: Farming, health status, anthropological, musculoskeletal disorder, hypertension
INTRODUCTION
Agriculture plays a pivotal role in the Indian
economy. Although its contribution to gross domestic
product (GDP) is now around one sixth, it provides
employment to 56% of the Indian workforce. Majority of
Indian population live in rural areas, mainly depending
on agriculture for their livelihood, and carry out more
physical activities when compared to urban population
who are accustomed to sedentary life style. Healthy body
is necessary for increasing the working capacity and
maintaining physical fitness of any individual to perform
his daily tasks vigorously and alertly, with left over
energy to enjoy leisuretime activities. It also helps to
withstand stress and carry on, in circumstances where a
physically unfit person could not continue.
Agricultural work is one of the highly
physically demanding occupations. Farmers handle
different heavy workloads, often in awkward postures
and experiencing some work related musculo-skeletal
disorder [1]. Some researchers has developed a
perspective which identifies that farmers experience high
rates of low back, shoulder, and upper extremity
disorders [2]. According to Gangopadhyay et al. states
that preadolescent agricultural workers suffered
discomfort feeling (pain) in different parts of the body
especially low back, knee, shoulder, hand and neck
region due to working in an awkward posture for
prolonged periods of time in the agricultural field [3].
Farmers and agricultural workers are believed
to be the healthier and have lower morbidity and
mortality rates than non-farming rural and urban
populations [4-8]. This fact has been reported possibly
attributable to a healthier lifestyle, especially with
respect to drinking and smoking habits, more intensive
physical activity and a healthier diet followed by farmers
compared to non-farming populations [4, 9, 10].
On the other hand, farming itself and farming
related tasks entail significant hazards to the health and
well-being of farmers. Although not well appreciated,
farming is among the most hazardous of occupations
[11]. Farmers work long hours in hazardous and
physically demanding work environments [12]. Health
impairments observed on farmers is a highly
controversial issue and many studies have focused on
agricultural work-related factors that may have a health
impact [4, 11, 13-16]. Agricultural workers are exposed
to a wide range of occupational hazards, such as
ergonomic stress, sunlight, viruses, inorganic dust,
pesticides and other chemicals [13]. All these exposures
2. Sougata Ganguly et al.; Saudi J. Med. Pharm. Sci.; Vol-2, Iss-6(Jun, 2016):129-133
Available Online: http://scholarsmepub.com/sjmps/ 130
have been investigated as possible risk factors for the
reported adverse health effects in farmers including
musculoskeletal disorders, respiratory diseases, injuries,
cardiovascular diseases, pesticides poisoning and
neurological dysfunction [12, 13, 17].
Moreover, stress in farm workers has been
recently recognized as an important public health
concern. Stressors inherent in farm work and lifestyle,
such as uncertain and fluctuating economic prospects are
associated with poor physical and mental health
outcomes and result in deleterious effects on cognitive
function, depression and high rates of suicides [13, 16,
18].
In India, about 20% of the labor force
population is engaged in agriculture. While agriculture is
one of the most promising sectors of the Indian
economy, little interest has been demonstrated in
studying health and safety of the farming population.
Farmers in Greece are involved in all kind of agricultural
tasks [19].
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Source of data
The present study was a cross-sectional study,
conducted in the different villages of an agricultural area
in Bankura district of West Bengal, where about 60% of
the total population deals with various cultivations. It is
worth noting that the majority of the farming population
in this area is indigenous and non-immigrants. The study
population was acquired from 36 rural communities of
the prefecture.
Method of collection of data
Sample size
A statistically adequate sample of 45 male
farmers and 45 non-farmers in the age group of 25-40
years who were performed their tasks according to their
occupations was selected from a process organization.
Type of work
To participate in the study, the farmers had to
be at least thirty years old, so as to satisfy the criterion of
long term farming (at least 10-15 years of farming),
given that farmers start dealing with intensive
agricultural work at the age of 17-18 years old. Non-
farmers had to live in the same communities, not to be
occupationally involved in farming and to match the
recruited farmers per sex and age category.
Anthropological parameters
Measurements of body weight and height and
Body Mass Index were determined by using height and
weight (Quetelet Index method). BMI was calculated
from self regulated weight (converted from pounds to
kilograms divided by height (converted from inches to
meters) squared by Quetelet Index [20-22] and their
level of obesity was determined as per WHO scores
(Table-1).
Measurement of pulse rate
Pulse rate is measured in right radial artery,
after all participants had rested for at least 10 mins
before and after exercise. Pulse rate was measured by
using three fingers and for a complete minute in supine,
in sitting and standing positions. The results were
recorded as pulse rate per minute and then analyzed.
Measurement of Blood pressure
Blood pressure was measured by the
auscultatory method in the right arm in supine, sitting
and standing position by using a mercury
sphygmomanometer with a cuff of 12 cm. widths. All
the subjects were made to rest for at least 10 mins before
taking the readings. The manometer cuff was sungly tied
around the arm with tubing on the medial and the lower
side. Systolic blood pressure was recorded to the nearest
2 mm of Hg at appearance of first korotkoff sound, and
diastolic blood pressure was recorded to the nearest 2
mm of Hg at the disappearance of korotkoff sound.
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was recorded first
in the supine position and then standing position, with
cuff tied to the arm. Reading was taken in all 3 positions
and was analyzed [23].
Measurement of Physical Fitness Index (PFI)
PFI was measured by modified Harvard Step
test method. PFI was calculated by measuring heart rate
after performing the Harvard step test (HST) developed
by Brouha et al. in the Harvard Fatigue Laboratories
using long form PFI equation [24]. But, following
modified HST under Indian condition, using stool of 51
cm high stepping up and down with a rate of 30 cycles/
min for 3 minutes or up to exhaustion. Exhaustion is
defined as when the subject cannot maintain the stepping
rate for 15 seconds [25, 26]. The recovery pulse was
counted at 1 to 1.5, 2 to 2.5 and 3 to 3.5 minutes of
recovery.
Statistical analysis
The questionnaires were filled through
interviews with both of the groups. For data analysis,
SPSS 18, t-test and Chi-Square were used; the
meaningful level was lower than 0.05 in almost all the
analyses.
RESULTS
In this study it was observed that differences in
the educational status among farmers and non-farmers.
Usually farmers showing extremely low percentages,
especially regarding secondary or higher degrees.
Furthermore, higher income levels were observed in
farmers than non-farmers. The percentage of heavy
smokers was higher in farmers than non-farmers.
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Table 2 shows the mean age of farmer was 33 ±
7 years and mean age of non-farmers were 32 ± 5. Mean
height, body mass and BMI shows that both farmers and
non-farmers BMI score were in healthy level as per
WHO scores, and their prevalence of obesity is very
minimal for both. The anthropometric measurements
between both farmers and non-farmers did not show any
significant change.
Mean and standard deviation of heart rate and
blood pressure were recorded and it was observed that
diastolic blood pressure for non-farmers were more than
farmers (Table 3) (Figure-1).
Physical fitness index and their recovery period
duration were measured among both farmers and non-
farmers. It was found that farmers are physically more fit
than the non-farmers may be due to their activities which
are related with farming (Table 4). The PFI score was
also statistically significant (p<0.001).
Farmers reported that they have more
musculoskeletal symptoms than non-farmers especially
in the elbow, fingers, waist regions and also sometimes
in finger joints (Table 5). The differences were
significant for low back and hip symptoms. The farmers
reported significantly more workload, more vibrations,
more heavy lifting, more difficult working positions,
longer work and sleep hours, less leisure-time physical
activity than the non-farmers. They also had
significantly higher total muscle strength and arm
strength, and had a significantly higher physical work
capacity.
Table 1: WHO Classification of BMI (Sources from WHO)
BMI Category
<18.5 Underweight
18.5-24.9 Healthy
25-29.9 Overweight
30-39.9 Obese
>40 Morbid obese
Table 2: Comparison of BMI among Farmers and non-farmers (Mean and standard deviation (S.D.) of
anthropometric parameter)
Parameters Farmers Non-Farmers
Sample Size 45 45
Age 337 325
Sex Male Male
Mean Height (cm) 160.6 7.08 162.5 8.55
Mean Weight (kg) 58.37 8.89 60.6 10.15
Mean BMI 22.61 2.89 22.78 3.0
*Values were in (Mean ± SEM)
Table 3: Comparison of cardiovascular parameters among Farmers and non-farmers (Mean and standard
deviation (S.D.) of anthropometric parameter)
Parameters
Farmers (n=45)
(Mean ± SEM)
Non-Farmers (n=45)
(Mean ± SEM)
p Value
HR (Beats/ min) 82.22 10.62 84.46 18.06 p<0.05
SBP (mm of Hg ) 121.06 6.86 124.04 14.92 p<0.05
DBP (mm of Hg ) 78.62 3.56 80.07 6.83 p<0.07
PP (mm of Hg ) 42.22 5.42 43.73 8.27 p<0.05
*P value < 0.05 is considered significant
Table 4: Comparison of physical fitness index among Farmers and non-farmers:
Parameters
Farmers (n=45)
(Mean ± SEM)
Non-Farmers (n=45)
(Mean ± SEM)
P Value
Basal HR (Beats/ min) 82.22 10.62 84.46 18.06 P<0.005
PFI score 75.1±3.10 60.9±3.90 P<0.001
Recovery period (min) 6 2 8 4 P<0.005
*P value < 0.05 is considered significant
4. Sougata Ganguly et al.; Saudi J. Med. Pharm. Sci.; Vol-2, Iss-6(Jun, 2016):129-133
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Table 5: Musculoskeletal symptoms among Farmers & Non-farmers
Parameters Farmers (n=45) Non-Farmers (n=45)
Elbow Yes No
Wrist No No
Fingers Yes No
Waist region Yes No
Knee-joint No Yes
Legs finger No No
Low back pain Yes No
Fig-1: Graphical representation of mean cardiovascular parameters among farmers and non-farmers
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
The present study gives evidence of several
clinical and neurobehavioral alterations among farmers
who have been involved in cultivation for a long time-
period, indicating their susceptibility to certain
impairments of their health status in comparison with
non-farmers in the same area. Based on the participants’
statements regarding their health problems, farmers
mention more health issues than non-farmers at a
statistically significant level (p<0.005). Hypertension
and other cardiovascular disorders occur more frequently
among farmers in comparison to non-farmers. It may due
to their smoking habits (such as bidi, and alcohol
consumption like haria).
Farmers and non-farmers both have several
musculoskeletal disorders and joint pains such as waist
region, low back pain. It may be due involvement such
body parts most actively during farming. But farmers
have some more pains which the non-farmers don’t
have. Such type of pains is elbow pain and pain in
fingers.
This is a pilot study, makes an attempt to link
the health & farm production in a framework of
agricultural household model. The profit function
approach has been adopted to analyze the issue
econometrically. The analysis is, however, done both
with the help of descriptive tables and econometric tools.
Health status is found to be an important determinant of
farm profit.
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