- The document describes a study area located under the Muhammad Zillur Rahman flyover in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It analyzes the topography, land use, buildings, transportation infrastructure, demographics and other characteristics of the area. - Over time from 2001 to 2020, the area has seen increasing residential and commercial development as well as infrastructure like roads and mosques. Residential buildings have become taller and more dense to accommodate population growth. - The area is mostly residential with supporting community facilities and administrative buildings. Most residents are Muslim and of higher socioeconomic status as many work in the military.

1. ECOLOGICAL RESILIENT CORRIDORS: REDEFINING URBAN LANDSCAPE
UNDER FLYOVER INTO A MEANINGFUL SOCIO-CULTURAL PLACE
GROUP NO: 03
1715009, 1715016, 1715022
DEPARTMENT OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING, BUET

2. Low Land
Study Area Location & Topographical Features
The study area is a part of Dhaka Cantonment. It is located under major flyover of
Dhaka known as Jillur Rahman Flyover which connects Mirpur, Banani and Airport.
High Land
• The range of height for the study area is 15m, here the contour line are
taken at an interval of 1.5m.
• The elevation of the intersection of Zia Colony and Shaheed Sharani
Road is the highest and lowest is at the area of water body.
• The elevation of roads was artificially done by foreign soil on the land.
• Location: Zia Colony Road, under Mohammed
Zillur Rahman flyover
• Thana: Cantonment
• Ward: 98
• Length of site area: 600m
• Width of site area: 350m
600 m
• Constructed in 2013
• 3rd Flyover of Dhaka
• Built for the 15 lakh inhabitants of
greater Mirpur (RMDP)
• Connects Mirpur with Airport,
Banani, Gulshan, Uttara etc.
• Huge Impact on the traffic
circulation pattern of Dhaka
• Around 60,000 people of every
class pass the flyover per hour
everyday
Muhammad Zillur Rahman Flyover
Study Area
0 m 75 m 150 m 225 m 300 m 375 m 450 m 525 m 600 m
13 m
15 m
18 m
Elevation Along Zia Colony Road
Topographical Features
0 100 200 m
Source: Google earth, 2020 Source: Google earth, 2020

3. 2001
2010
2014
2020
Historical Background
• Zia Colony Road was built in 2008 which
connected Mirpur with the Tongi diversion road to
ease the traffic congestion of Dhaka.
• Three new high-rise buildings were built since
2001 by encroaching some waterbodies and
greeneries
• From a bare land with sparse vegetation in 1989,
it developed into a residential area.
• The site had Shaheed Sharani road in the west
and Tongi diversion road in the east. There was
no developed connecting road between the two.
• The buildings were mostly low in height.
The site area is located in Dhaka Cantonment. Dhaka
Cantonment was built in 1952. It has gone through several
phases of expansion and re-development since then. At
present it has an area of almost 8 times of its’ original
area. Our site area was still bare soil with sparse
vegetation in 1989. It gradually developed into a
residential area serving the families of army personals.
• The Mirpur-Airport flyover or Mohammed Zillur
Rahman flyover was built in 2013.
• One new high-rise building was built
• Several mosques were built to support the
community facilities of the rapidly changing area.
Infringed Greenspace
Infringed Waterbody
Newly built area
Newly built road
Newly built flyover
Legends
Newly built mosque
• Not many changes happened since 2014.
• A waterbody was filled in
• Waterbodies in the area are now situated in the
periphery of the area.
• Rapid change in infrastructure in the past nineteen years.
i.e. new road (2008) and flyover (2013) was built to
increase the connectivity of Dhaka.
• New high-rise buildings indicates the trend of using
vertical expansion to cope with the increasing population
of the area.
• New community facilities built to support the growing
population
General Trend
Muhammad Zillur Rahman
Flyover, Built in 2013
Zia Colony Road Built in 2008
Low-rise built before 2001 High-rise built after 2001
School built before 2001
2001
2010
2014
2020
Mosque built after 2010
Source: Google earth

4. -15.0% -10.0% -5.0% 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0%
0-4
10-14
20-24
30-34
40-44
50-54
60-65
70-74
80+
Age-Sex Pyramid
0
20
40
60
80
100
Literacy Rate
Total Male Female
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
Age Distribution of Population
Demographic Characteristics
• Maximum population lies in the age group 20-29. From 29 to 80 the
population decreases as the age group increases.
• The proportion of population over 50 years is smaller compared to
other age groups.
• Literacy rate is high both among male and female, it is highest in the age group
20-44. Its almost similar to female group,
• Female group in 60+ age group have less literacy rate.
• If we compare the studied site with other parts of Dhaka the literacy rate is
higher than most other areas, and stands in 2nd position.
• Number of female below 19 age groups is greater than male in same
age group.
• The tapering bottom of the age-sex pyramid shows that the population
in this area is not growing at rapid rate, its rather slowly growing.
• Landscaping can be done targeting young and middle age people.
• The main occupation in the area is military personal of different ranks. There
is a strong vertical hierarchy in the army ranks which influences the
community they live in.
• Army doctors and hospital staff live in ‘Sheba Neer’ and its adjacent places.
They work in C.M.H hospital which is right beside their residence.
Occupation
FemaleMale
Source: BBS, 2011
Source: BBS, 2011 Source: BBS, 2011

5. Musli
m
98%
Hindu
2%
Christian
0%
Budhist
0%
Others
0%
Socio-economic Characteristics
• The social interaction in
the residential area happen
in open spaces and parks
inside residential zone. The
isolated residential areas
on the south thus fall at
disadvantage.
• The surveillance of the
area makes it unsuitable
for any informal activity.
The crime rate is also
negligible due to this
• Majority inhabitants of this site are Muslim. Thus, there
are a lot of mosques strategically placed to serve the
whole area.
• Mosques are one of the main avenues of social
interaction in the study area.
• The population belonging to other religions is negligible.
Thus there are no religious organizations like church,
temple etc.
• The vertical hierarchy of
the army is prevalent in the
area. The high income
group or the people with
higher rank reside in high
rises buildings
• The area is dominated by
high income and middle
income households. There
is a small cluster of low
income households in the
periphery of the area.
Residential Area
Residential area
Low income households
Middle income households
High income households
Muslim dominated area
Mosque
Legends
Income
Religion
Mannan Line Park
Matikata MP Checkpost
Sheba Neer, A highrise
Building
A lowrise Building
Old Airport Jame Mosque
2
1
3
4
5
6
1
3
2
4
5
6
Source: BBS, 2011

6. Legend
Residential
Administrative
Commercial
Mixed
Transportation
Community Service
Service Industrial use
Has a good number of
religious institutions
mainly mosques.
The site has many
military offices which
is categorized as
administrative use
51%
11%
30%
5%
3%
Percentage of Land
uses (Area)
Land-use Analysis
0 100m 200m
As the place is mainly residential, it has maximum residential more
than 50% use and supporting community facilities (School, hospital,
mosques). It has some administrative buildings used as offices and
very few commercial use.
Residential Buildings
occupy maximum land
comprising of military
quarters, military single
households etc.
The site has significant
community facilities
including schools and
colleges with required
open space.
1
2 3 41
2
3
4
68%
13%
13%
3%
3%
Percentage of Land uses
(2001)
67%
12%
17%
2%
2%
Percentage of Land uses
(2010)
60%
11%
19%
4%
6%
Percentage of Land uses
(2020)
• In 2001, almost 68% of the area was covered by residential buildings, where 13%
area was covered by community services.
• In 2010 the change was not that much significant for residential development. But
community services increased by almost 4% to support the needs of residents.
• After the evolve of Zia-colony road and Mirpur Banani flyover, community and service
facilities started to develop in significant rate covering nearly 1/4th of the area.
5
5
Source: Google earth
334m266m

7. • The commercial, administrative, community and service buildings are mostly
developing at the edge of the main road and distributary road for better accessibility.
• All the commercial buildings are at the edge of main road.
• Almost all community services are in the southern portion of the road and isolated
from the residential zone
• Most residential buildings are forming at the north side of the flyover or main
road, where they are in compact form.
• But in the southern part, the residential buildings are few and isolated.
• 67% buildings are in the north side and 33% in the south side
Development Pattern
• In 2001, all the residential buildings were low-rise except one. Horizontal
development took place where the density was very low.
• Commercial and community buildings were medium and high-rise at that
time.
• At present, many residential buildings are high-rise and medium rise as
population is increasing. The amount of high-rise residential building is more
in the northern portion.
Land-use Analysis
2001
Residential
Administrative
Commercial
Community Service
Service
Transportation
Low density High density
Residential density
Commercial density
Density
2020

8. 43
614
6
27
6
1
2001
42
614
7
27
7
4
2010
39
6
14
8
28
7
5
2020
1 Storey
2 Storey
9+ Storey
7 Storey
8 Storey
6 Storey
5 Storey
4 Storey
3 Storey
Low rise (1-3 Storey) Low rise (1-3 Storey)
Medium rise (4-6 Storey) Medium rise (4-6 Storey)
High rise (7-9+ Storey) High rise (7-9+ Storey)
2001 2020
Building Height
Legend
•1 storeyed buildings occupies the highest number which are for residential, community
service, commercial use but it’s change is not much from 2001 to 2020.
•.Secondly 5 storeyed buildings and thirdly 3 storeyed.
• 5 buildings are 16 stories used for residential (2020).
•Compact growth is seen in recent times(2020) as high rise buildings are increasing.
From 2001 to 2020, increasing of high rise buildings implies compact development
and conservation of environment .
From 2001 to 2020, change in medium rise is not significant.
From 2001 to 2020, number of low rise building have not increased, rather
decreased as some high rises were constructed demolishing them.
Low Medium High

9. Pucca Structure
Semi-Pucca Structure
Legend
Structure Type of Building
• Most of the building are Pucca (85%), they are concrete building
over-all and ranges from single to multi-storey.
• There are few semi- pucca buildings(15%).
Pucca Buildings : Single to Multi-storied, Basically these buildings
are for residential, official and educational use.
Semi-Pucca Buildings : Semi-pucca is characterized by buildings
having concrete walls and tin-roof.Single-storied, used as staff-
resting room, training facility center. There is scope of intervention in
case of redeveloping these semi-pucca buildings.0 100m 200m
1
6
5
43
2
94
17
Number of structure type
7
8
4 5 76 8
Used as parking in
front of SWO west
Headquarter Office
Used as resting room for
staff in front of SWO
west Headquarter Office
Used as staff room
beside IGS&C Office
Used as army staff
training center
Used as army staff
training center
1 2 3
Used as army resting
room.
9
9
Source: Field survey, 2020

10. Arterial Road – Zia Colony Road
• Width: 25m
• Connectivity high, speed >60km/hr
• 1.5-1.7m pedestrian walkways on both sides
• Median with greenery at the middle
Local Road
• Width: 4.17-5m
• Connectivity low
• Used for access purpose by pedestrians and cars
Sub-arterial Road – Shaheed Sharani Road
• Width: 12m
• Connectivity medium, speed 50-60km/hr
• 1-1.2m pedestrian walkways on both sides
Arterial Road
Sub-Arterial Road
Legend
Traffic & Transportation
Pedestrian Circulation
• Pedestrian circulation on
arterial and sub-arterial
road.
• There is no separate
pedestrian circulation on
access road.
• Pedestrian walkway is
textured with tiles
• Walls beside pedestrian
walkway in Zia Colony
Road is not clean.
Pedestrian Circulation
100m 200m0
Local Road
Sub-Arterial Road
Arterial Road
Local Road
1
1
3
3
2
2
Source: Google Map, 2020
Source: Field survey, 2020

11. Primary node (Junction of arterial road with arterial road)
Secondary node (Junction of arterial road with sub-arterial road)
Tertiary node (Junction of arterial road with access road)
Rickshaw/ Bicycle Route Paved
Bus Route
Rickshaw/ Bicycle Route Unpaved ( separated by divider)
Bus Stop
1
Rickshaw and Bicycle Lane
2
• One side of Zia colony road have
rickshaw route
• Rickshaw route in Zia Colony don't
have a separate paved way.
• It is separated by temporary divider
• One side of Shaheed Sharani road
have rickshaw/ bicycle route
• It is either left or right to pedestrian
walkway.
• It is separated from traffic route and
paved
Activities at Nodes
Sunday-Thursday 9am- 10am Sunday-Thursday 5pm- 7pm Friday-Saturday 6pm- 8pm
Weekly Traffic Load
Low Load
Very High
Load
High Load
Checking vehicles at primary node Bus Stop and Mosque at secondary node creates pedestrian
cluster
• Traffic load is low to moderate other
than nodes.
• Traffic load is usually high in primary
and secondary node.
• Activity in primary node is mainly
checking of vehicles.
• Congestion in secondary node is
created due to bus stop and nearby
mosque.
100m 200m0
Traffic & Transportation
Source: Google Map, 2020
Source: Field survey, 2020

12. Sewerage & Drainage
Dustbin Avaiability
Waste Management System &
Cleanliness
• Drainage & sewerage is controlled by
Dhaka Cantonment Board (DCB)
• Drainage channel under pedestrian
walkway
• Both are well maintained
• Dustbin availability is insufficient
• There is no dustbin beside roads or
pedestrian walkways.
• Only parks and school open space have
dustbin which are again insufficient
• Waste Management System and cleanliness
of roads are maintained by DCB
• The roads are clean
• Waste Management of residential open
spaces are moderate.
• Walls beside pedestrian are uncleaned and
pillars of flyover are also covered with moss
in Zia Colony Road
Drainage line
Electricity line
Gas line
Water pipe line
Sewerage line
Legend
Dusbin
Streetlight
Utilities
Zia Colony Road Shaheed Sharani Road Access Road
100m 200m0
Street Light
Insufficient street light in Zia Colony Road created a dark space underneath
the flyover. Shaheed Sharani Road have street light at one side of the road.
Source: GeoDash, 2020
Source: Field survey, 2020

13. Environment Analysis
Very unhealthy Very healthy
There was a huge change in air pollution from 2016 to 2019, resulting in more air pollution. First
three months of 2020 shows very healthy air and after March the air becomes pollution-free
because of less traffic in Corona crisis period. This proves the air pollution here occurs mainly due
to traffic emission.
Air Pollution
Threshold
The site has large quantity of soft surface in the form of pond,
fields, greeneries, park, gardens and vacant space. Hard surface
include road, buildings, plinths and other paved surfaces.
Percentage of soft surface (permeable) is 47% and hard surface
(impermeable) is 53%.
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
AverageNoiseLevel(dbA)
Average Values Per Day
Day
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
AverageNoiseLevel(dbA)
Average Values Per Day
Night
Sound Pollution
The study for determining sound pollution is done on the red
marked area shown above. Noise pollution usually occurs at
weekdays. At weekend daytime noise is less compared to
nighttime. The sound pollution is usually created by traffic. The
school and college area have noise level higher than other
parts for which a green belt is created surrounding the area.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Temperature
Precipitation
Precipitation, mm Temperature, °C
202020192016
Precipitation & Temperature
Hard Surface
Soft Surface
Surface Type
The micro-climate of this place is low compared to other parts
of Dhaka due to sufficient open space. Precipitation is higher in
June-June which results rainfall during these months
Source: AQICN, 2020
Source: Hassan & Alam, 2018
Source: AQICN, 2020

14. Institutional Open spaceMedian Greeneries
Environmental Analysis
Canopy radius-10m
Canopy radius-5m
Canopy radius-2.5m
Ground cover
Greeneries around
water bodies
• Sufficient vegetation to sustain the environment.
• Greeneries at median
• Residential parks are accessible only for the residents and other open spaces are also
for community use. Playground are accessible for the institutional use only.
• No open space accessible for public.
• The site has maximum greeneries in its northern part. The percentage of open space
in both north and southern portion is same
Median Greeneries
Legend
A’
B’
B
A
Section A’A
Section B’B
Vegetation and Open space Accessibility Open space Network & Biodiversity
Plants Birds Animals Insects & reptiles
Rosewood
Mango tree
Wood Pecker
Sparrow
Krishnachura
Cuckoo
Monkey
Bat
Squirrel Butterfly
Turtle
Frog
• Biodiversity (Plant, bird, animal, insect etc.) provided below control ecosystems
that supply oxygen, clean air and water, treat pollination of plants, pest control
and water waste
• Many recreational pursuits rely on unique biodiversity, like- birdwatching
Cycling route
Entry point
• Open spaces are
connected by each
other through road
networks (access and
distributary roads)
• Cycling route connects
the open space of
northern part to the
southern part
Source: Field survey, 2020
Source: Google earth, 2020
Source: Field survey, 2020

15. • During summer solstice, the solar angle for the study area is 82 degree (Dhaka : 85 degree)
& in winter solstice the solar angle is 40 degree (Dhaka: 43 degree). The gap between two
solar path represent annual variation. (GAISMA, 2020)
• Direction of summer wind is usually south/south -west to north & that winter wind is north-
west to south-east. Direction of Monsoon wind is from south to north and that of October
wind is from north to south.
North
Basepoint
Sun-path
Shadow analysis
Summer Winter
The site area is mostly sunny during the summer season. During the winter season there are some parts which become mostly shaded. Some places become partially shaded
also. Here full sun means that these places get a minimum of six hours of sun light everyday. And full shade means that those places get maximum four hours of sun light.
Shadowed area under flyover Damp Area because of shadow
Full shaded area
Sun path and wind direction Heat Radiations
April 15 is the hottest day of the year when temperatures in Dhaka typically
range from 77°F to 93°F, while January 12 is the coldest day of the year
ranging from 57°F to 75°F. The radiation is analysis based on data from
April 15. The highest average daily incident shortwave solar energy during
April is 6.4 kWh on April 15. (Source: Weather Spark, 2020)
.
The western part gets maximum radiation (12 pm to 4 pm approx.).
During site development this should be considered
.
High radiation Medium radiation
Shadow analysis
Radiation on April 15

16. Hospital
Amenities in Study & Adjacent Area
Matikata MP checkpost
CMH Hospital
Legends
Educational Institution
Restaurants
Mosque
Parking
Park
Playground
Checkpost
Super market
Kuccha Bazar
• Amenities just outside the site influence the study area
• The south side of the site has more amenities than the
north side
• The amenities are developed along the arterial road
• The most notable places are
o C.M.H Hospital
o Shaheed RamijUddin School and College
o Armed Force Medical College etc.
Study Area
Shaheed Ramij Uddin
Cantonment School and
College
Matikata Bazar
1
4
3
2
Source: Google earth, 2020 & Field Survey, 2020
1
4
11
7
6
1
5
1 1 1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Number of Amenities
4

17. Residential district
Commercial district
Educational district
Community district
Recreational district
Administrative district
Primary node
Secondary node
Tertiary node
Main road
Distributary road
Access road
1 2
3
District with Edges
Residential district is divided by flyover
making a complete segregation between
them. The left portion is fully isolated
from the residential district by the flyover
Residential and educational district are
divided by main road along with flyover.
More over there is no connecting over
pass or under pass to support the
compatibility. So the northern and
southern part is separated without any
sort of connectivity. Median strip is
continuous without any gap
7
2
3
Image Mapping
Nodes
Primary node (Junction of Zia Colony & Tongi
Diversion Road)
Secondary node (Junction of Zia Colony & Shaheed
Sharani Road)
District and Paths
Historical site & Landmarks
Historical site Landmarks
Old HQ Zame mosque: Built before 19th centaury.
reconstructed in 2014 and some of the
surrounding area is preserved
IGC&E is an administrative building and landmark
of the site built in 19th century. Horizontally
extended up to 8th floor in 2016.
Zia colony circle in the only traffic circle in the
studied site. It is a place where three flyovers are
united together
6
5
4 8
41
5
6 7 8
6
7
8
50%
8%
9%
10%
14%
9%
Area covered by Districts
in 2020
In 2001, 55% district is
residential and 16% is
recreational. After 20
years residential districts
have decreased by 5%
and recreational district
(open space and water
body) decreased by 7%.
Commercial and administrative districts
are divided by main road along with
flyover. There is not connecting over
pass or under pass to support the
compatibility
Legend
55%
5%
4%
10%
10%
16%
Areas Covered by districts
in 2001

18. Activity Pattern Analysis
Legend
Active Recreation
Passive Recreation
Educational Activity
Religious Activity
Official Activity
Traffic circle
Restaurant
Departmental store
Official parking
Bus stop
Sidewalk
Private-car route
Bus route
Cycle lane
Rickshaw lane
1
1
3 4 5 76
2
2
3
4
5
6
7
7
7
66
5
4
3
3
2
2
1
Cluster of people
around mosque
area
People walking
around pond.
Children playing in
playground.
Official activities. Children playing in
playground.
Parking Cluster of people
around bus stop.
• Most of the activities are pedestrian and transportation based.
• No informal business activities.
• No street life.
8
9
8
9
Source: Field Survey, 2020
& Google Earth, 2020

19. Topic Sub-topic Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat
Land-use Location • Belongs to a military zone
where regulation and land-use
guidelines are strictly
maintained.
• Security of the area is well
maintained.
• Connects Mirpur with the
Eastern part of Dhaka
• The rigid regulation creates a
sense of isolation to visitors.
• The regulations can ensure that
any new landscape design can
perform to its full potential.
• Risk of becoming a space
rather than a place.
Land-use
types
• Northern side have residential
buildings compactly designed.`
• Characteristics of residential
zone is preserved.
• Community facilities are
developed to support
residential activities.
• The construction of Zia-colony
road in 2008 divided the
community in half which
hinders people from accessing
community service..
• There is no mixed use
• Landscape planning based on
residential use .
• Resident of southern part
will face sense of isolation if
new residential buildings are
not developed in southern
part.
Building
Structure
• Maximum buildings are
permanent.
• During redevelopment,
problems can be faced as most
are permanent.
• There is scope of intervention in
case redeveloping of semi-
pucca building.
Building
Height
• As high rise buildings are
growing, less green spaces are
encroached.
• Most building are 1-storied and
old-furnished occupying a lot of
space.
• Opportunity to develop open
spaces because increasing
development is compact.
Demographic Age group • The community is youth driven
as maximum population lie
between the age group of 20-29.
• The population of the people
over 40 years is significantly low
compared to the rest of the
population.
• Landscaping can be done
targeting young and middle age
people.
• Since the population of old
people is so little, a small
gathering place with a few
seating can be made for them.
Literacy
Rate
• The literacy rate is high in both
male and female population
• The literacy rate of females
over 60 is significantly lower
compared to the rest of the
population.
• The gathering place for old
people can also work as an
adult school.
SWOT Analysis

20. Topic Sub-topic Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat
Socio-
Economic
Characteristics
Society • The social interaction mainly
happens in parks and open
spaces.
• The strict surveillance of the
area hinder many social
activities.
• Landscaping can be done to
further redefine the parks and
open spaces and make it
inclusive of various age and
gender.
• The society might fall apart
due to division created by
construction of main road.
Income and
Occupation
• Mainly people of middle and
high income group live here.
• The main occupation is
army personal of different
ranks and army doctors.
• No informal economic activity. • Landscaping can be done
targeting the needs of these
social groups.
Historical
Background &
Transformation
• From 2001 to 2020 the site
has gone through a rapid
transformation.
• The construction of Zia-colony
road in 2008 & Zillur Rahman
flyover in 2013 divided the
community in half
• Landscaping can be done to
bridge the division
• The rapid transformation of the
area makes the residents more
adaptable to change
• Due to the trend of rapid
growth of infrastructure, its
uses might be inefficient and
wasteful
Transportation Pedestrian
Walkways
• Walkways present in both
arterial and sub-arterial
roads
• The walkways are
sufficiently wide and well
maintained.
• Little to no shading on the
pedestrian side walk.
• No zebra-crossings or foot over
bridge present
• Thick-walled boundary between
pedestrian walkway and nearby
structure lessens the enjoyment
of walking.
• No separate pedestrian route in
local or access road
• Landscaping for pedestrian route
and beside pedestrian route.
• Creating separate pedestrian
circulation in local roads.
• Possibility of accident in
local road due to lack of
separate pedestrian side-
walk.
Transportation
stops
• There are some bus stops • Bus stops with no sitting and
shading provision.
• Bus stop can be designed with
provisions for sitting and shelter.
• Low capacity in low stop
will create crowdedness.
Nodes • The primary nodes act as
an access point to various
destinations as the flyover
splits in two and meets
Tongi diversion road at
different points.
• The primary node in the site
always has traffic congestion
during weekdays.
• As primary node is used for
security checking stop
landscaping can be designed
with furniture for providing
relaxation and sitting.

21. Topic Sub-topic Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat
Urban Utilities
&
Infrastructure
• Good electricity, water,
drainage and sewerage
facility.
• Sufficient street light and
signage in sub-arterial road.
• Insufficient street lights in arterial
road.
• There are almost no dustbins in
walkways.
• The arterial road is under the
shade of the flyover all year
round which has created damp
and dark space.
• Opportunity of providing street
lighting.
• Existence of sufficient space
for future provision of utilities.
• The damp wall can be
redeveloped to prevent
dampness and provide air
ventilation.
• Probability of accident due to
lack of street light.
Amenities • Sufficient amenities around
the study area.
• Amenities mainly developed
along roads.
• The amenities concentrate on the
south side of the study area while
the north has less amenities.
• Insufficient groceries.
• Landscaping can be done to
connect the north with the
amenities of the south
• Lack of grocery store or kuccha
bazaar can pose a bigger
problem in the future.
Environment Open
Space
• Sufficient open space
available for both residential
and community use.
• The open space is not accessible
to the general public.
• Lack of proper landscaping in
some open spaces.
• Open spaces can be
redeveloped for better service.
• Lack of maintenance of open
space can decrease
recreational activity and
community interaction.
Air
Pollution
• Air quality of the site area is
better than the rest of Dhaka
due to its abundant open
space.
• The low AQI might be due to
traffic emission.
• Curbing air pollution by
landscaping strategies like,
growing plants effective in
reducing air pollution.
• Air pollution can exacerbates a
number of diseases.
Sound
Pollution
• The sound level is greater than
standard during weekdays
creating noise pollution.
• Creating natural barriers like
green walls or hedges that
won’t hinder wind flow but
reduce sound intensity.
• Exposure to loud noise can
also cause high blood
pressure, heart disease, sleep
disturbances, and stress.
Elevation
& Surface
• The site has flat terrain.
• Around 47% of the total
surface is permeable which
recharges groundwater
table by absorbing run-off.
• Low-rise buildings situated in
relatively lower elevated ground.
• The permeable land can foster
new bio diversity to make the
landscape more vibrant.
• In case of high flooding,
levelled surface can be a
barrier for drainage
Activity Pattern
Analysis
• Social networking is strong in
northern part of the site.
• No street life
• No informal business activity,
• Opportunity of making street
life more vibrant by pedestrian
landscaping.
• Incurrence of informal activity, it
completely destroy the street
life.

22. Reference:
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Dhaka air pollution: Real time air quality Index (2020). Retrieved from: https://aqicn.org/city/dhaka/
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Hassan, A., & Alam, J. B. (2018). Traffic Noise Levels at Different Locations in Dhaka City and Noise Modelling for Construction Equipment. International
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