Instructional software simulations are computer programs that model real-world systems to allow predictive experimentation without risk. They are used across various academic and industrial fields for applications like business, health, manufacturing, and more. Simulations are selected based on ease of use, accessibility, features, and cost. They have advantages like being engaging and promoting critical thinking, but also have disadvantages like preparation time and complex assessment. Simulations can be used in practice and presentation modes to both teach concepts and allow practice applying knowledge. Guidelines for effective use include ensuring student understanding, anticipating questions, monitoring progress, and establishing learning goals.

1. InstructionalInstructional
Softwares:Softwares:
SimulationsSimulations
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Ayala, de Leon, Lao,
Legaspi, Tiongson, Villar

2. Simulation, through the use of simulation
software, is the science of creating
statistically accurate models to represent
the behaviour of real life systems in
order to subject them to predictive
experimentation.
These experiments or scenarios can then
enable 'what if?' questions to be
answered without risk or disturbance to
the real life system.
DefinitionDefinition

3. TypesTypes
In academic settings, simulation software is used in
application areas such as :
agriculture, business, communications, defense,
health, manufacturing, oil terminals, service, traffic,
and waste processing.
In industrial settings, the application areas include:
business processes, communications, compiler
networks, customer service, distribution,
manufacturing, packing halls, repair, statistical
sampling in surveys, and stock control.
Simulations made for entertainment would form
another category in this hierarchy.

4. Criteria for SelectionCriteria for Selection
●easy to use
●can be accessed by multiple
people simultaneously
●has all of the features required by
the users
●reasonably priced

5. Advantages and DisadvantagesAdvantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
●Enjoyable, motivating activity
●Element of reality is compatible with principles of
constructivism
●Enhances appreciation of the more subtle aspects
of a concept/principle
●Promotes critical thinking and evaluative thinking
Disadvantages
●Preparation time
●Cost can be an issue
●Assessment is more complex than some
traditional teaching methods

6. Ways to UseWays to Use
The practice mode is one where simulation users
are first exposed to a body of knowledge
through traditional instruction and then asked to
apply that knowledge during tasks presented in
the simulation.
In the presentation mode, the simulation is
meant to be a source of both instruction and
practice opportunities for the student. The
simulation itself is presented to students in
either a pure form (no guidance) or a hybrid
(some guidance)

7. GuidelinesGuidelines
Ensure that students understand the procedures before
beginning. It improves efficacy if the students can enjoy
uninterrupted participation. Frustration can arise with
too many uncertainties. This will be counter productive.
Try to anticipate questions before they are asked. The
pace of some simulations is quick and the sense of
reality is best maintained with ready responses. Monitor
student progress.
Know what you wish to accomplish. Many simulations
can have more than one instructional goal. Developing
a rubric for evaluation is a worthwhile step. If
appropriate, students should be made aware of the
specific outcomes expected of them.

8. ExamplesExamples
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9. ReferencesReferences
Brown, J. (2006). The use of instructional simulations to support classroom
teaching: a crisis communication case study. Journal of Educational Multimedia
and Hypermedia. Retrieved from:
http://www.thefreelibrary.com/The+use+of+instructional+simulations+to+support+
Elizabeth, M. (2010, September). What Are The Different Types of Simulation
Software?, from
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-the-different-types-of-simulation-software.htm
Karrer, T. (2006, March). Re: Software Simulation Tools: eLearning Technology.
Message posted to
http://elearningtech.blogspot.com/2006/03/software-simulation-elearning-w-links.htm
Kumar, D.P. (2009, July 20). Simulations: Real life situation teaching method.
Retrieved from
http://www.saching.com/Article/Simulations--Real-life-situation-teaching-method/3181
Lanner (2010). Simulation Software Explained. Retrieved from
http://www.lanner.com/en/simulation-explained.cfm
Saskatoon Public Schools. (2009). Instructional strategies online. Retrieved
from http://olc.spsd.sk.ca/de/pd/instr/strats/simul/index.html.

10. For more information (that is
too long to include in 10
slides...)
See:
Alaa,S. (2010, February). Instructional simulations
[Powerpoint slides]. Retrieved from
http://www.slideshare.net/alaasadik/simulationppt-3372399.