Significance of differences between mitosis and meiosis Mitosis and meiosis are two major processes by which eukaryotic cells reproduce. Compare and contrast the processes of mitosis and meiosis. Consider the stages involved in each and their eventual products. How are the differences biologically significant relative to growth and reproduction? Significance of differences between mitosis and meiosis Mitosis and meiosis are two major processes by which eukaryotic cells reproduce. Compare and contrast the processes of mitosis and meiosis. Consider the stages involved in each and their eventual products. How are the differences biologically significant relative to growth and reproduction? Mitosis and meiosis are two major processes by which eukaryotic cells reproduce. Compare and contrast the processes of mitosis and meiosis. Consider the stages involved in each and their eventual products. How are the differences biologically significant relative to growth and reproduction? Solution S.No Mitosis Meosis General differences 1 The division occurs in somatic cells It occurs in reproductive cells 2 Both diploid and haploid cells shows mitosis Meosis is found only in diploid cells 3 It is a single division It is a double division 4 Mitosis produce two cells Meosis produce four cells 5 It does not introduce variation Meosis induces variations due to gene exchange 6 Number of chromosomes same as mother cells Chromosome number reduced(halved) 7 It is required for growth ,repair and healing Meosis involved only in sexual reproduction a)Prophase 8 It is simpler Prophase-I is complicated 9 Bouquet stage and synapsis absent Bouquet stage(synizesis inplants)and synapsis occurs 10 Crossing over and chiasma not seen Crossing over and Chiasma formation occurs b)Metaphase 11 Chromosome remain as monovalent and has two chromatids Chromosome as bivalent and four chromatids 12 Centromere are present over the equator or metaphase plate while arms facing towards the poles Centromere projects towards the poles c)Anaphase 13 Centromere divides during anaphase Division of centromere is absent in anaphase –I 14 Chromosomes are single chromatid Chromosomes has two chromatid 15 The two chromatid of a chromosome separate and become as daughter chromosomes Chromtids do not separate in anaphase-I 16 Chromosomes moving towards the opposite poles are similar Chromosomes are dissimilar d)Telophase 17 It is an essential in which nucleolus and nuclear material reappears Telophase-I may be absent 18 Cytokinesis takes place Not compulsory 19 Daughter cells posses same genetic material All four daughter cells differ S.No. MITOSIS MEIOSIS-II 1 An interphase occurs prior to mitosis Interphase may or maynot present prior to meiosis-II.If present then called interkinesis 2 S-phase present S-phase absent 3 Daughter cells formed after mitosis resemble to mother cells Differ from mother cells,quantitatively and qualitatively 4 Longer Shorter Significance of meiosis: Significance of mitosis.